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author | Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org> | 2020-07-14 21:03:06 +0000 |
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committer | Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org> | 2020-07-14 21:03:06 +0000 |
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tree | 724ccde8d112bbea549551084a52542789ec4524 /Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/edichokey/edichokey-ex.tex | |
parent | 386471126f084ad5eca589d6012ca3be43754da8 (diff) |
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diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/edichokey/edichokey-ex.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/edichokey/edichokey-ex.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..25d0c8b51ed --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/edichokey/edichokey-ex.tex @@ -0,0 +1,377 @@ +%% edichokey-ex.tex +%% Copyright 2017--2020 Yuchang Yang < yang.yc.allium@gmail.com > +% +% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the +% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c +% of this license or (at your option) any later version. +% The latest version of this license is in +% http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt +% and version 1.3c or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX +% version 2005/12/01 or later. +% +% This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'. +% +% The Current Maintainer of this work is Yuchang Yang. +% +% This work consists of: +% - the style file: [edichokey.sty]; +% - the manual files: [edichokey-doc-en.tex, edichokey-doc-en.pdf, README.md]; +% - the example files: [edichokey-ex.tex, edichokey-ex.pdf]. +% +%% Note: the key used in this file is credited to Dale W. McNeal Jr. +%% and T. D. Jacobson, from Flora of North America edited by Flora of +%% North America Editorial Committee, which is reusable under the terms +%% of CC BY license. See the text for full citation. +%% Their original work is available in +%% http://beta.floranorthamerica.org/Allium +%% or in +%% http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=101086 +%% and the full content of the CC BY license is in +%% https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ +%% In this file, the two basic branches in the key were exchanged. +%% See the manual edichokey-doc-en.tex for details of modification. + +\documentclass[a4paper]{article} + +\usepackage[margin=25mm]{geometry} +\usepackage{edichokey} + +\def\var{\textup{var.} } +\frenchspacing +\tolerance2000 + +\begin{document} + +\vspace*{1cm} +\centerline{\Large Identification key to \textit{Allium} species in North America} +\vskip8mm + +\begingroup +\leftskip1em\rightskip1em +\noindent Source: \textsc{McNeal Jr., Dale W., \& Jacobsen, T. D.} 2002. \textit{Allium} Linnaeus. \textit{Pages 224--275 of:} \textsc{Flora of North America Editorial Committee} (ed), \textit{Flora of North America North of Mexico}, vol. 26. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.\par\endgroup + +\vskip8mm + +\begin{Key}{A. } +\alter Leaf blade flat, channeled, or ± terete, never more than 30 mm wide, (never petiolate). +\alter Flowering pedicels mostly or completely replaced by bulbils. +\alter Outer bulb coats persisting as fibrous reticulum; leaf sheaths not extending more than 1/4 scape; spathe bract beakless or beak much shorter than base. +\alter Ovary, when present, crestless; spathe bracts 3--7-veined; east of 103rd meridian +\name{canadense} +\alter Ovary, when present, obscurely crested with 6, low, central processes; spathe bracts 1-veined; west of 105th meridian +\name{geyeri} +\alter Outer bulb coats membranous, if with fibers these not forming reticulum; leaf sheaths extending to midscape or above; spathe bract with beak equaling or longer than base. +\alter Spathe bract 1, caducous. +\alter Bulbs 1--2 cm diam.; leaf blade 2--4 mm diam., cylindric or filiform, not carinate, hollow below middle +\name{vineale} +\alter Bulbs (1.5--)3--8 cm diam.; leaf blade 5--20 mm wide, flat, carinate, solid +\name{sativum \var sativum} +\alter Spathe bracts 2--5, persistent. +\alter Spathe bracts 2--5, 4--9-veined, beak to 20 cm +\name{oleraceum} +\alter Spathe bracts 3--5, 2--3-veined, beak to 10 cm +\name{ampeloprasum} +\alter Flowering pedicels floriferous, bulbils almost unknown. +\alter Outer bulb coats persisting as fibrous reticulum. +\alter Ovary usually crestless; if obscurely crested, with 3 or 6 processes; east of 103rd meridian. +\alter Spathe bracts usually 1-veined. +\alter Spaces between bulb coat fibers filled in proximal 1/2 bulb; tepals white, pink, or red, rarely greenish yellow; central plains from N Mexico to Nebraska +\name{drummondii} +\alter Spaces between bulb coat fibers open; tepals yellow; W Texas +\name{coryi} +\alter Spathe bracts 3--7-veined. +\alter Umbel compact; pedicels much shorter than flowers +\name{schoenoprasum} +\alter Umbel loose; pedicels longer than flowers. +\alter Flowers substellate to urceolate-campanulate, ultimately withering somewhat and exposing capsule; reticula of bulbs finely or only moderately coarsely meshed. +\alter Bulbs 1--3, narrowly cylindric, attached to ± horizontal primary rhizome, often missing or not visible on herbarium specimens; leaf blade carinate; cells of seed coat smooth, shiny; occasional introduction +\name{tuberosum} +\alter Bulbs 1--4+, ovoid, not attached to rhizome; leaf blades not carinate, channeled; cells of seed coat each with minute, central papilla; native east of 103rd meridian +\name{canadense} +\alter Flowers urceolate, permanently investing capsule; reticula of bulbs usually very coarsely meshed. +\alter Flowering bulbs with cluster of stalked, basal bulbels; cells of innermost bulb coats contorted, with sinuous walls; extreme S Texas +\name{runyonii} +\alter Flowering bulbs without basal bulbels; cells of innermost bulb coats vertically elongate, without sinuous walls; W Texas and E New Mexico to C South Dakota +\name{perdulce} +\alter Ovary usually crested with 3 or 6 processes; if crestless, from west of 105th meridian. +\alter Ovary and capsule conspicuously crested with 6 contorted or horizontally spreading, ± lateral processes; tepals widely spreading to reflexed, SE United States. +\alter Spathe bracts usually 5--7-veined; ovary crests conspicuously contorted; tepals spreading to reflexed +\name{cuthbertii} +\alter Spathe bracts 1-veined; ovary crests flattened, horizontally spreading, not contorted; tepals widely spreading +\name{speculae} +\alter Ovary crested with 6 ± erect, often obscure central processes; tepals erect to widely spreading; W North America. +\alter Leaves 3+ per scape; cells of seed coat each with minute, central papilla. +\alter Bulbs often short-rhizomatous basally; spathe bracts 3--5-veined; ovary conspicuously crested with 6 flattened, lacerate central processes; tepals spreading or reflexed, withering in fruit, not investing capsule +\name{plummerae} +\alter Bulbs not short-rhizomatous; spathe bracts usually 1-veined; ovary obscurely crested with 6 rounded central processes; tepals erect, not withering in fruit, permanently investing capsule. +\alter Leaf blade flat, ± falcate, usually 3--6 mm wide; Box Elder County, Utah +\name{passeyi} +\alter Leaf blade channeled, ± straight, usually less than 5 mm wide; widespread, N Great Plains and W North America +\name{geyeri} +\alter Leaves usually 2 per scape; cells of seed coat ± smooth, with or without central papillae. +\alter Spathe bracts 3--5-veined; tepals becoming papery in fruit, midrib scarcely thickened, not investing capsule; ovary usually conspicuously crested with 6 flattened central processes, often to 2 mm +\name{macropetalum} +\alter Spathe bracts 1-veined; tepals becoming callous-keeled, permanently investing capsule; ovary inconspicuously crested with 6 rounded central processes, to 1 mm. +\alter Leaf blade flat, ± falcate, usually 3--6 mm wide; cells of seed coat with minute central papilla; Box Elder County, Utah +\name{passeyi} +\alter Leaf blade semiterete, channeled, ± straight, usually 1--3(--5) mm wide; cells of seed coat smooth; N Great Plains and W North America +\name{textile} +\alter Outer bulb coats membranous to chartaceous, with or without distinct cellular markings (reticulation); without fibers or with some parallel fibers. +\alter Scape fistulose, 3--25 mm diam., not flattened and winged; leaves 2--10, blade flat and solid, or fistulose. +\alter Leaf blade flat, solid. +\alter Leaves not or scarcely sheathing base of scape +\name{nigrum} +\alter Leaves sheathing 1/3--1/2 scape +\name{ampeloprasum} +\alter Leaf blade fistulose. +\alter Bulbs 1--3, to 10 cm diam., ± globose, not rhizomatous; leaf blade semicircular in cross section; occasional escape from cultivation +\name{cepa} +\alter Bulbs 1--2, 5 cm diam., cylindric, clustered on short rhizome (this often missing or not visible on herbarium specimens); leaf blade circular in cross section; native or introduced. +\alter Flowers 8--18 mm; tepals lilac to pale purple; native or introduced +\name{schoenoprasum} +\alter Flowers 6--9 mm; tepals pale yellowish white; introduced +\name{fistulosum} +\alter Scape solid, exceeding 5 mm wide only if flattened and winged; leaves 1--several, leaf blade solid. +\alter Leaves (3--)5--40 mm wide, basal sheaths extending 1/3--1/2 scape. +\alter Filaments unappendaged; leaf blade terete to semiterete; bulbels, if present, light brown +\name{paniculatum} +\alter Inner filaments appendaged with prominent tooth on each side of anther; leaf blade flat, channeled; bulbels very dark purple +\name{rotundum} +\alter Leaves 1--25 mm wide, basal sheaths never extending much above soil level. +\alter Bulbs oblong, elongate, or ovoid, clustered on stout, primary rhizome, or short-rhizomatous; bulb coats membranous or chartaceous, finely striate with narrow, vertically elongate cells. +\alter Bulbs on stout, iris-like rhizome; ovary crestless. +\alter Tepals elliptic, apex obtuse; stamens ± equaling tepals; EC Arizona and adjacent New Mexico, and Santa Catalina Mountains, S Arizona +\name{gooddingii} +\alter Tepals narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, apex acuminate; stamens much shorter than tepals or definitely exserted; widespread in W North America, not occurring in Arizona. +\alter Stamens and style exserted; stigma capitate; Cascades and Sierras E to NE Nevada, E Oregon, W Idaho +\name{validum} +\alter Stamens and style ca. 1/2 tepals; stigma 3-lobed; Rocky Mountains from C Montana and NE Idaho to Wyoming, NE Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico +\name{brevistylum} +\alter Bulbs short-rhizomatous at base, rhizome not stout and iris-like; ovary strongly crested with 6 processes. +\alter Stamens and styles included; outer bulb coats ± reddish brown, inner coats deep red to white; ovary crested with 6 short, rounded, densely papillose processes +\name{haematochiton} +\alter Stamens and styles exserted; outer bulb coats gray or brown, inner coats white to pink or reddish; ovary crested with 6 flattened, ± triangular processes, margins entire or toothed. +\alter Flowers campanulate; tepals ± erect; scape nodding +\name{cernuum} +\alter Flowers stellate; tepals spreading; scape erect, or, if nodding at anthesis, becoming erect +\name{stellatum} +\alter Bulbs ovoid to subglobose, not clustered on stout, primary rhizome; rhizomes, if present, secondary, arising from bulbs, ± slender, terminated by new bulbs; bulb coats without reticulation or with ± isodiametric or transversely elongate cells that are sometimes intricately contorted. +\alter Leaf 1 per scape; leaf blade terete; ovary prominently crested with 6 ± triangular processes. +\alter Stigma unlobed or minutely 3-lobed, lobes ± stout, erect or spreading. +\alter Scape 18--60 cm; flowers 5--9 mm; tepals unequal, inner whorl 1/4--1/3 longer than outer, margins entire or irregular to erose; stamens exserted +\name{sanbornii} +\alter Scape less than 25 cm; flowers 7--20 mm; tepals ± equal, margins entire; stamens included. +\alter Outer bulb coat reticulate with ± elongate, contorted meshes +\name{nevadense} +\alter Outer bulb coat lacking reticulation, or meshes very indistinct, square or polygonal. +\alter Pedicels slender, longer than flowers; flowers 8--12 mm +\name{atrorubens} +\alter Pedicels stout, generally shorter than flowers; flowers 12--20 mm. +\alter Tepals lanceolate to lance-linear, apex acute; lacking stalked, basal increase bulbs; rocky, sandy desert slopes, S California to W Arizona +\name{parishii} +\alter Tepals lance-linear to lanceolate, apex long-acuminate; with 1--2 stalked basal increase bulbs; alpine ridges and talus, S California mountains +\name{monticola} +\alter Stigma distinctly 3-lobed, lobes often slender and recurved. +\alter Stamens equaling tepals or exserted. +\alter Tepals unequal, inner 1/3--1/2 longer than outer +\name{sanbornii} +\alter Tepals ± equal +\name{howellii} +\alter Stamens included. +\alter Tepal (at least inner whorl) margins denticulate to erose. +\alter Scape 25--40 cm +\name{jepsonii} +\alter Scape 5--20 cm. +\alter Outer bulb coats reddish brown; tepals erect, ± straight at tip; inner whorl margins denticulate +\name{denticulatum} +\alter Outer bulb coats brown to gray; tepals erect, ± spreading-reflexed at tip; inner whorl margins denticulate to erose +\name{abramsii} +\alter Tepal margins all ± entire. +\alter Margins of ovarian crest processes entire or notched at tip, outer margins sometimes irregular but never dentate or laciniate. +\alter Flowers 10--18 mm; tepals maroon or deep reddish purple. +\alter Tepals deep reddish purple, all reflexed at tip; Mount Hamilton Range, C California +\name{sharsmithiae} +\alter Tepals maroon, outer curled back at tip, inner reflexed; Spanish Needle Peak, S Sierra Nevada, and Horse Canyon, Tehachapi Mountains, California +\name{shevockii} +\alter Flowers 6--9 mm; tepals white to pink, darkening in age. +\alter Inflorescence loose; pedicels flexuous in fruit; tepals lanceolate to lance-ovate, apex acuminate +\name{parryi} +\alter Inflorescence compact; pedicels straight; tepals ovate to nearly round, apex obtuse (rarely acute) to shallowly emarginate +\name{munzii} +\alter Margins of ovarian crest processes dentate to laciniate. +\alter Tepals deep reddish purple, erect, usually conspicuously recurved at tip +\name{fimbriatum} +\alter Tepals white or flushed to pale lavender with darker midveins, spreading or erect, not conspicuously recurved at tip. +\alter Flowers usually 6--12 mm +\name{fimbriatum} +\alter Flowers usually 6--8(--10) mm. +\alter Scape 25--50 cm; tepals spreading from base; serpentine soil, Rawhide Hill and Red Hills, foothills of Sierra Nevada, C California +\name{tuolumnense} +\alter Scape 7--20(--30) cm; tepals erect; serpentine clay soils, S Coast Ranges and W Transverse Ranges, California +\name{diabolense} +\alter Leaves usually 2 or more, if 1, blade flattened or broadly channeled; ovary crestless or variously crested. +\alter Bulbs generally with numerous increase bulbs, these much smaller than parent bulb, enclosed by bulb coats, in basal cluster or on threadlike rhizomes to 10 cm. +\alter Ovary crestless or obscurely crested with 3 low central processes. +\alter Larger bulbs each with cluster of bulbels surrounding roots; S Texas +\name{elmendorfii} +\alter Larger bulbs each with cluster of small, basal bulbels on one side; NE Oregon and WC Idaho +\name{madidum} +\alter Ovary prominently crested with 6 triangular central processes, margins finely papillose or denticulate. +\alter Leaves usually beginning to wither from tip by anthesis; tepals rigid (not papery), ± shiny in fruit, strongly involute at tip, carinate +\name{campanulatum} +\alter Leaves usually green at anthesis; tepals papery (not rigid and shiny) in fruit, not strongly involute, not carinate. +\alter Tepals ovate to elliptic, apex acute to acuminate; foot\-hills of Sierra Nevada, N, C California +\name{membranaceum} +\alter Tepals lanceolate, apex acuminate; Sierra Nevada, California, and intermountain region N to Oregon, Idaho +\name{bisceptrum} +\alter Increase bulbs absent or 1--4, ± equaling parent bulbs, enclosed by parental bulb coats, never appearing as basal cluster, not rhizomatous or rhizomes 2+ mm thick (not threadlike). +\alter Leaf blade channeled to subterete, if flat, not falcate. +\alter Bulb coats lacking reticulation or reticulum delicate, very obscure under hand lens. +\alter Bulbs ovoid to subglobose; rhizomes absent, renewal bulbs formed within coats of parent bulb; native or introduced. +\alter Scape terete throughout, 1--3 mm diam.; leaf blade 1--3 mm wide; native to W Texas to SE Arizona +\name{kunthii} +\alter Scape triquetrous, 2-edged or slightly winged proximally, if terete only proximally so, 1--10 mm wide; introduced in California and Oregon near the Pacific coast. +\alter Umbel erect, ± hemispheric; flowers ± erect; tepals broadly elliptic, apex obtuse +\name{neapolitanum} +\alter Umbel lax, ± 1-sided; flowers pendent; tepals lanceolate, apex acute +\name{triquetrum} +\alter Bulbs oblique or oblique-ovoid, renewal bulbs borne terminally on rhizomes outside coats of parent bulbs; native. +\alter Rhizomes conspicuous, 2 cm or more, including renewal bulbs. +\alter Rhizomes smooth, parent bulb disappearing by anthesis except for still-functional roots and bulb coat; leaf blade broadly concave-convex or ± flattened, carinate; tepals obovate to ovate, apex acute to obtuse or emarginate; Coast Ranges, California, Oregon +\name{unifolium} +\alter Rhizomes scaly, sometimes absent, often missing in herbarium specimens, parent bulb persisting after anthesis; leaf blade flat, not carinate; tepals lanceolate to oblong, apex acute to acuminate; trans- Pecos Texas to SE Arizona +\name{rhizomatum} +\alter Rhizomes inconspicuous, 2 cm or less, including renewal bulb. +\alter Tepals erect, red-purple, rarely pure white, at least inner tepal margins serrulate; NW California, SW Oregon +\name{bolanderi} +\alter Tepals ± spreading, white to pale pink, margins entire; W Texas to SE Arizona +\name{kunthii} +\alter Bulb coats obviously reticulate with prominent meshes under hand lens. +\alter Cells of outer bulb coat square or polygonal. +\alter Ovary with 6 prominent, flat, ± triangular crest processes +\name{bigelovii} +\alter Ovary with 3 or 6 minute, rounded crest processes, or crest obscure. +\alter Flowers 4--9 mm; tepals erect or spreading from base, margins entire +\name{lacunosum} +\alter Flowers 8--16 mm; tepals spreading at tip, inner tepal margins denticulate. +\alter Bulb forming 1--3 renewal bulbs borne terminally on rhizomes outside coats of parent bulb; parent bulb disappearing by anthesis except for still-functional roots and shriveled bulb coats; near Weller Butte, Blue Mountains, SE Washington +\name{dictuon} +\alter Bulbs not forming rhizomes, renewal bulbs formed within coats of parent bulb; widespread W of Rocky Mountains +\name{acuminatum} +\alter Cells of bulb coat transversely elongate, V-shaped, arranged in ± vertical rows, forming herringbone pattern, or ± contorted. +\alter Cells of bulb coat in wavy, transverse rows, forming indistinct herringbone pattern or ± contorted; tepals spreading, ± equal. +\alter Scape (3--)5--15(--17) cm; umbel persistent; tepals erect, not connivent over capsule in fruit +\name{hickmanii} +\alter Scape 15--60 cm; umbel shattering, each flower with its pedicel falling as unit; tepals connivent over capsule in fruit. +\alter Ovary crested with 6 ± rectangular lateral processes; umbel compact; pedicel 0.7--2 times perianth +\name{amplectens} +\alter Ovary crestless or crested with 3 minute, 2-lobed central processes; umbel loose; pedicel 1.5--4 times perianth. +\alter Leaf blade to 10 mm wide, channeled or flattened, carinate; inner bulb coats white; tepals becoming papery (not hyaline) after anthesis +\name{praecox} +\alter Leaf blade 1--3 mm wide, channeled or subterete, not carinate; inner bulb coats light yellow or white; tepals becoming hyaline (not papery) after anthesis +\name{hyalinum} +\alter Cells of bulb coat in sharply serrate, transverse rows, forming distinct herringbone pattern; tepals erect, inner shorter, narrower. +\alter Tepals connivent over capsule in fruit, not rigid; umbel shattering in fruit, each flower with its pedicel falling as a unit +\name{serra} +\alter Tepals not connivent over capsule, rigid in fruit; umbel persistent. +\alter Leaves 3--6, blade arcuate to tortuous; umbel compact; pedicels 5--20 mm; sea cliffs, N, C California +\name{dichlamydeum} +\alter Leaves 2--3, blade straight to arcuate; umbel loose; pedicels 10--40 mm; not on sea cliffs, California Floristic Province, extending south in coastal ranges. +\alter Inner tepal margins denticulate, crisped +\name{crispum} +\alter Inner tepal margins entire to denticulate, never crisped +\name{peninsulare} +\alter Leaf blade flat or broadly channeled, if flat, ± falcate. +\alter Scape and leaves persisting after seeds mature or on pressing, or only tardily deciduous. +\alter Stamens much shorter than tepals. +\alter Bulb coat cellular-reticulate with elongate, ± obscure, intricately contorted cells (resembling \textit{Allium madidum}, but never with cluster of basal bulbels) +\name{fibrillum} +\alter Bulb coat cellular-reticulate with ± narrowly hexagonal, transversely elongate cells +\name{brandegeei} +\alter Stamens equaling tepals or exserted. +\alter Scape expanded proximal to inflorescence; leaf blade (2--)5--8 mm wide +\name{columbianum} +\alter Scape thickest immediately proximal to inflorescence; leaf blade 1--5(--15) mm wide. +\alter Scape constricted just proximal to inflorescence, then expanded; leaf blade 1--3(--5) mm wide +\name{constrictum} +\alter Scape not expanded proximal to inflorescence; leaf blade 2--5(--15) mm wide. +\alter Leaf blade usually more than 5 mm wide, flat; umbel 25--50-flowered; spathe bracts 3 +\name{douglasii} +\alter Leaf blade 2--3 mm wide, flat to channeled; umbel 10--30-flowered; spathe bracts 2. +\alter Bulb coat with quadrate to polygonal reticulations; leaf blade ± equaling scape +\name{nevii} +\alter Bulb coat without reticulations or with 2--3 rows of ± quadrate cells just distal to roots; leaf blade exceeding scape +\name{macrum} +\alter Scape and leaves forming abcission layer at soil surface and deciduous when seeds mature, also frequently breaking at soil surface after pressing. +\alter Outer bulb coats cellular-reticulate throughout (often obscurely so in \textit{A. aaseae} and \textit{A. simillimum}). +\alter Bulb coats obscurely cellular-reticulate with ± contorted cells; tepal margins denticulate to erose. +\alter Tepals white with greenish or reddish veins, sometimes flushed pink; anthers purple or mottled purple and white; pollen white or gray +\name{simillimum} +\alter Tepals bright pink, rarely white; anthers yellow; pollen yellow +\name{aaseae} +\alter Bulb coats ± prominently cellular-reticulate; tepal margins entire. +\alter Bulb coats reticulate, cells irregularly arranged, ± polygonal, rectangular, or transversely elongate, ± curved. +\alter Cells of bulb coat irregularly arranged, ± transversely elongate, curved; Tuolumne County, C California +\name{tribracteatum} +\alter Cells of bulb coat irregularly arranged or in ± regular vertical rows, polygonal or ± rectangular; Sierra Nevada, California, and Nevada +\name{obtusum} +\alter Bulb coats reticulate, cells arranged in ± regular vertical rows, narrowly hexagonal to rectangular, transversely elongate. +\alter Tepals linear-lanceolate +\name{anceps} +\alter Tepals oblanceolate to ovate. +\alter Scape 3--10 cm; pedicel ± equaling perianth +\name{punctum} +\alter Scape 15--20 cm; pedicel 2--3 times perianth +\name{lemmonii} +\alter Outer bulb coats not cellular-reticulate or with 2--3 rows of cells just distal to roots. +\alter Scape terete or ± compressed, not winged. +\alter Stamens well included. +\alter Stamens ± equaling tepals or exserted. +\alter Leaf blade strongly falcate; umbel mostly 5--10-flowered +\name{parvum} +\alter Leaf blade linear or weakly falcate; umbel 20--30-flowered +\name{cratericola} +\alter Leaves 2 per scape. +\alter Leaf 1 per scape. +\alter Leaf blade ± equaling to 2 times scape; WC Idaho +\name{tolmiei} +\alter Leaf blade much longer than scape; C Sierra Nevada, California +\name{yosemitense} +\alter Filaments papillose proximally +\name{hoffmanii} +\alter Filaments smooth proximally +\name{burlewii} +\alter Scape flattened, 2-edged or usually winged distally. +\alter Bulbs oblique or oblique-ovoid, renewal bulbs borne terminally on rhizomes outside coats of parent bulb; parent bulb disappearing by anthesis except for still-functional roots and shriveled bulb coat. +\alter Pedicel ± equaling perianth; ovary obscurely 3-crested; barren, bald summits W of Cascade Mountains from Vancouver Island to SW Oregon, also at Jefferson Park, Oregon, and in Wenatchee Mountains, C Washington +\name{crenulatum} +\alter Pedicel 2--3 times perianth; ovary prominently 6-crested; mountains and scablands E of Cascade Mountains, Oregon +\name{tolmiei} +\alter Bulbs ovoid to subglobose, rhizomes absent, renewal bulbs formed within coats of parent bulb; parent bulbs persistent. +\alter Tepals narrowly lanceolate, apex long-acuminate; stamens exserted +\name{platycaule} +\alter Tepals lanceolate to ovate or elliptic, apex obtuse to acuminate; stamens included. +\alter Flowers 9--15 mm; tepal apex long-acuminate, inner margins usually denticulate +\name{falcifolium} +\alter Flowers 6--10(--12) mm; tepal apex obtuse to acute, or ± involute in age and appearing acuminate, inner margins denticulate or not. +\alter Inner bulb coats usually pink or red; inner tepal margins sometimes ± denticulate; Siskiyou Mountains of NW California and SW Oregon +\name{siskiyouense} +\alter Inner bulb coats white; inner tepal margins entire; W United States, E of Sierra--Cascade axis. +\alter Tepals becoming rigid (not papery), carinate in fruit. +\alter Tepals lanceolate, apex acute to acuminate, ± erect in fruit, involute at tip; ovary obscurely to prominently crested with 3 or 6 processes +\name{tolmiei} +\alter Tepals elliptic-oblong, apex obtuse, not involute at tip, connivent over ovary in fruit; ovary crestless or obscurely crested +\name{scilloides} +\alter Tepals becoming papery (not rigid), not carinate in fruit. +\alter Ovary distinctly crested with 3 or 6 low processes; sand and gravel deposits, along Columbia River from Ferry County, NE Washington, to mouth of John Day River, NC Oregon +\name{robinsonii} +\alter Ovary obscurely crested with 3 low, rounded processes; rocky, clay slopes and talus, E Oregon, Idaho, to C California, N Nevada, NW Utah +\name{parvum} +\alter Leaf blade flat, 15--90 mm wide, (tapering to base or distinctly petiolate). +\alter Leaves ephemeral, usually absent at anthesis; E North America +\name{tricoccum} +\alter Leaves present at anthesis; Attu and Unalaska islands, Alaska +\name{victorialis} +\end{Key} + +\end{document} |