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authorKarl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>2009-05-22 23:51:44 +0000
committerKarl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>2009-05-22 23:51:44 +0000
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+<head>
+<title>UK TeX FAQ -- question label citeURL</title>
+</head><body>
+<h3>URLs in BibTeX bibliographies</h3>
+<p/>There is no citation type for URLs, <em>per se</em>, in the
+standard BibTeX styles, though Oren Patashnik (the author of
+BibTeX) is believed to be considering developing one such for use
+with the long-awaited BibTeX version 1.0.
+<p/>The actual information that need be available in a citation of an
+URL is discussed at some length in the publicly available
+on-line
+
+<a href="http://www.nlc-bnc.ca/iso/tc46sc9/standard/690-2e.htm">extracts of ISO 690&ndash;2</a>;
+the techniques below do <em>not</em> satisfy all the requirements of
+ISO 690&ndash;2, but they offer a solution that is at least
+available to users of today&rsquo;s tools.
+<p/>Until the new version of BibTeX arrives, the simplest technique is
+to use the <code>howpublished</code> field of the standard styles&rsquo; <code>@misc</code>
+function. Of course, the strictures
+about <a href="FAQ-setURL.html">typesetting URLs</a> still apply, so the
+entry will look like:
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+@misc{...,
+ ...,
+ howpublished = "\url{http://...}"
+}
+</pre>
+</blockquote><p>
+A possible alternative approach is to use BibTeX styles other than
+the standard ones, that already have URL entry types.
+Candidates are:
+<ul>
+<li> The <i>natbib</i> styles (<i>plainnat</i>,
+ <i>unsrtnat</i> and <i>abbrevnat</i>), which are extensions of
+ the standard styles, principally for use with <i>natbib</i>
+ itself. However, they&rsquo;ve acquired URLs and other &ldquo;modern&rdquo;
+ entries along the way. The same author&rsquo;s <i>custom-bib</i> is
+ also capable of generating styles that honour URL entries.
+<li> The <i>babelbib</i> bundle, which offers
+ <a href="FAQ-i18nbib.html">multilingual bibliographies</a>, similarly provides a
+ set of standard-style equivalents that have URL entries.
+<li> More modern styles such as the <i>harvard</i> package (if the
+ citation styles are otherwise satisfactory for you).
+ <i>Harvard</i> bibliography styles all include a &ldquo;<code>url</code>&rdquo;
+ field in their specification; however, the typesetting offered is
+ somewhat feeble (though it does recognise and use
+ <i>LaTeX2HTML</i> macros if they are available, to create
+ hyperlinks).
+</ul>
+You can also acquire new BibTeX styles by use of Norman Gray&rsquo;s
+<i>urlbst</i> system, which is based on a <i>Perl</i> script
+that edits an existing BibTeX style file to produce a new
+style. The new style thus generated has a <code>webpage</code> entry type, and
+also offers support for <code>url</code> and <code>lastchecked</code> fields
+in the other entry types. The <i>Perl</i> script comes with a set
+of converted versions of the standard bibliography styles.
+<p/>Another possibility is that some conventionally-published paper,
+technical report (or even book) is also available on the Web. In such
+cases, a useful technique is something like:
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+@techreport{...,
+ ...,
+ note = "Also available as \url{http://...}"
+}
+</pre>
+
+</blockquote><p>
+There is good reason to use the <i>url</i> or <i>hyperref</i>
+packages in this context: BibTeX has a habit of splitting
+lines it considers excessively long, and if there are no space
+characters for it to use as &lsquo;natural&rsquo; breakpoints, BibTeX will
+insert a comment (&lsquo;<code>%</code>&rsquo;) character ... which
+is an acceptable character in an URL. Any current version of the
+<i>url</i> or <i>hyperref</i> package detects this
+&ldquo;<code>%</code>&ndash;end-of-line&rdquo; structure in its argument, and
+removes it.
+<dl>
+<dt><tt><i>babelbib bundle</i></tt><dd><a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/biblio/bibtex/contrib/babelbib.zip">biblio/bibtex/contrib/babelbib</a> (<a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/biblio/bibtex/contrib/babelbib.tar.gz">gzipped tar</a>, <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/biblio/bibtex/contrib/babelbib/">browse</a>)
+<dt><tt><i>custom-bib bundle</i></tt><dd><a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/custom-bib.zip">macros/latex/contrib/custom-bib</a> (<a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/custom-bib.tar.gz">gzipped tar</a>, <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/custom-bib/">browse</a>)
+<dt><tt><i>harvard.sty</i></tt><dd><a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/harvard.zip">macros/latex/contrib/harvard</a> (<a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/harvard.tar.gz">gzipped tar</a>, <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/harvard/">browse</a>)
+<dt><tt><i>hyperref.sty</i></tt><dd><a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/hyperref.zip">macros/latex/contrib/hyperref</a> (<a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/hyperref.tar.gz">gzipped tar</a>, <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/hyperref/">browse</a>)
+<dt><tt><i>natbib styles</i></tt><dd><a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/natbib.zip">macros/latex/contrib/natbib</a> (<a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/natbib.tar.gz">gzipped tar</a>, <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/natbib/">browse</a>)
+<dt><tt><i>url.sty</i></tt><dd><a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/misc/url.sty">macros/latex/contrib/misc/url.sty</a>
+<dt><tt><i>urlbst</i></tt><dd><a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/biblio/bibtex/contrib/urlbst.zip">biblio/bibtex/contrib/urlbst</a> (<a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/biblio/bibtex/contrib/urlbst.tar.gz">gzipped tar</a>, <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/biblio/bibtex/contrib/urlbst/">browse</a>)
+</dl>
+<p/><p>This question on the Web: <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=citeURL">http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=citeURL</a>
+</body>