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author | Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org> | 2024-01-09 21:06:56 +0000 |
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committer | Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org> | 2024-01-09 21:06:56 +0000 |
commit | 904906092874312028489c19c0e412903d7b4214 (patch) | |
tree | 6e02e6044a6b1e8980ef4af24af9e376a8c9a6f9 /Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/junicode/source/Feature_Reference.tex | |
parent | ae3d5a8eec08abbb15dca3562640be87e006d8d6 (diff) |
junicode (9jan24)
git-svn-id: svn://tug.org/texlive/trunk@69355 c570f23f-e606-0410-a88d-b1316a301751
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diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/junicode/source/Feature_Reference.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/junicode/source/Feature_Reference.tex deleted file mode 100644 index 54e7ac3fe85..00000000000 --- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/junicode/source/Feature_Reference.tex +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1897 +0,0 @@ - -\chapter{Feature Reference}\hypertarget{FeatureReference}{} -%\fancyhead[CE]{\scshape\color{myRed} {\addfontfeatures{Numbers=OldStyle}\thepage}\hspace{10pt}feature reference} - -\section{Introduction} -The OpenType features of Junicode version 2 and its variable counterpart (hereafter referred to together as -``Junicode'') have two purposes. One is to provide convenient access to the rich character set of the Medieval Unicode -Font Initiative (MUFI) recommendation. The other is to enable best practices in the presentation of medieval text, -promoting accessibility in electronic texts from PDFs to e-books to web pages. -%\thispagestyle{plain} - -Each character in the MUFI recommendation has a code point associated with it: either the one -assigned by Unicode or, where the character is not recognized by Unicode, in the Private Use Area (PUA) of the Basic -Multilingual Plane, a block of codes, running from \unic{U+E000} to \unic{U+F8FF}, that are assigned no value by Unicode but instead -are available for font designers to use in any way they please. - -The problem with PUA code points is precisely their lack of any value. Consider, as a point of comparison, the letter -\textex{a} (\unic{U+0061}). Your computer, your phone, and probably a good many other devices around the house -store a good bit of information about this \textex{a}: that it’s a letter in the Latin script, that -it’s lowercase, and that the uppercase equivalent is \textex{A} (\unic{U+0041}). All this information is -available to word processors, browsers, and other applications running on your computer. - -Now suppose you're preparing an electronic text containing what MUFI calls \textUName{latin small letter neckless -a} (\textex{}). It is assigned to code point \unic{U+F215}, which belongs to the PUA. Beyond that, your -computer knows nothing about it: not that it is a variant of \textex{a}, or that it is lowercase, or a letter in the Latin -alphabet, or even a character in a language system. A screen reader cannot read, or even spell out, a word with \unic{U+F215} -in it; a search engine will not recognize the word as containing the letter \textex{a}. - -Junicode offers the full range of MUFI characters---you can enter the PUA code points---but also a solution to the -problems posed by those code points. Think of an electronic text (a web page, perhaps, or a PDF) as having two layers: -an underlying text, stable and unchanging, and the displayed text, generated by software at the instant it is needed -and discarded when it is no longer on the screen. For greatest accessibility the underlying text should contain the -plain letter \textex{a} (\unic{U+0061}) along with markup indicating how it should be displayed. To generate -the displayed text, a program called a ``layout engine'' will (simplifying a bit here) read the markup and apply the -OpenType feature \textSourceText{cv02[5]}\footnote{\ Many OpenType features produce different outcomes depending on -an index passed to an application’s layout engine along with the feature tag. Different applications have different -ways of entering this index: consult your application’s documentation. Here, the index is recorded in brackets after -the feature tag. Users of fontspec (with {\XeLaTeX} or {\LuaTeX}) should also be aware that fontspec indexes start at zero -while OpenType indexes start at one. Therefore all index numbers listed in this document must be reduced by one for -use with fontspec.\par } to the underlying \textex{a}, bypassing the PUA code point, with the result that -readers see \textex{\cvd[4]{2}{a}}{}---the ``neckless a.'' And yet the letter will still register as -\textex{a} with search engines, screen readers, and so on. - -This is the Junicode model for text display, but it is not peculiar to Junicode: it is widely considered to be the best -practice for displaying text using current font technology. - -The full range of OpenType features listed in this document is supported by all major web browsers, LibreOffice, {\XeTeX}, -{\LuaTeX}, and (presumably) other document processing applications. All characters listed here are available in Adobe -InDesign, though that program supports only a selection of OpenType features. Microsoft Word, unfortunately, supports -only Stylistic Sets, ligatures (all but the standard ones in peculiar and probably useless combinations), number -variants, and the \hyperlink{req}{Required Features}. In terms of -OpenType support, Word is the most primitive of the major text processing applications. - -Many MUFI characters cannot be produced by using the OpenType variants of Junicode. These characters fall into three -categories: - -\liststyleLi -\begin{itemize} -\item Those with Unicode (non-PUA) code points. MUFI has done valuable work obtaining Unicode code points for medieval characters. -All such characters (those with hexadecimal codes that \textstyleEmphasis{do not} begin with \textex{E} -or \textex{F}) are presumed safe to use in accessible and searchable text. However, some of these are -covered by Junicode OpenType features for particular reasons. -\item Precomposed characters---those consisting of base character + one or more diacritics. For greatest accessibility, -these should be entered not as PUA code points, but rather as sequences consisting of base character + -diacritics. For example, instead of MUFI \unic{U+E498} \textUName{latin small letter e with dot below and acute}, use -\textex{e} + \unic{U+0323} \textUName{combining dot below} + \unic{U+0301} \textUName{combining acute accent}: -\textex{ẹ́} (when applying combining marks, start with any marks below the character and work -downwards, then continue with any marks above the character and work upwards. For example, to make -\textex{ǭ̣́}, place characters in this order: \textex{o}, -\textUName{combining ogonek} \unic{U+0328}, \textUName{combining dot below} \unic{U+0323}, \textUName{combining -macron} \unic{U+0304}, \textUName{combining acute} \unic{U+0301}). Some MUFI characters have marks in unconventional positions, -e.g. \textex{ȯ́} \textUName{latin small letter o with dot above and acute}, where the -acute appears beside the dot instead of above. This and other characters like it should still be entered as a sequence -of base character + marks (here \textex{o}, \textUName{combining dot above} \unic{U+0307}, -\textUName{combining acute} \unic{U+0301}). Junicode will position the marks in the manner prescribed by MUFI. -\item Characters for which a base character (a Unicode character to which it can be linked) cannot be identified, or for -which there may be an inconsistency in the MUFI recommendation. These include: - -\begin{itemize} -\item \textex{} \unic{U+E8AF}. This is a ligature of long \textex{s} and \textex{l} with stroke, -but there are no base characters with this style of stroke. -\item \textex{} \unic{U+EFD8} and \unic{U+EFD9}. MUFI lists these as ligatures (corresponding to the -historic ligatures \textex{\hlig{uuUU}}, but they cannot be treated as ligatures in the -font because a single diacritic is positioned over the glyphs as if they were digraphs like -\textex{ꜳꜲ}. -\item \textex{} \unic{U+EBE7} and \unic{U+EBE6}, for the same reason. -\item \textex{} \unic{U+F159} \textUName{latin abbreviation sign small de}. Neither a variant of -\textex{d} nor an eth (\textex{ð}), this character may be a candidate for Unicode -encoding. -\end{itemize} -\item Characters for which OpenType programming is not yet available. These will be added as they are located and -studied.% [Check: \unic{U+EBF1}, and smcp version.] -\end{itemize} -These characters should be avoided, even if you are otherwise using MUFI’s PUA characters: - -\liststyleLii -\begin{itemize} -\item \unic{U+F1C5} \textUName{combining curl high position}. Use \unic{U+1DCE} \textUName{combining ogonek above}. The -positioning problem mentioned in the MUFI recommendation is solved in Junicode (and, to be fair, many other fonts with -OpenType programming). -\item \unic{U+F1CA} \textUName{combining dot above high position}. Use \unic{U+0307} \textUName{combining dot above}. It -will be positioned correctly on any character. -\end{itemize} - -\section{Case-Related Features} -\subsection{\textSourceText{smcp} -- Small Capitals} -Converts lowercase letters to small caps; also several symbols and combining marks. All lower- and uppercase pairs (with -exceptions noted below) have a small cap equivalent. Lowercase letters without matching caps may lack matching small -caps. fghij $\rightarrow $ \textsc{fghij}. - -Note: Precomposed characters defined by MUFI in the Private Use Area have no small cap equivalents. Instead, compose -characters using combining diacritics, as outlined in the introduction. For example, \textSourceText{smcp} applied -to the sequence \textex{t} + \textUName{combining ogonek} (\unic{U+0328}) + \textUName{combining -acute} (\unic{U+0301}) will change \textex{t̨́} to \textex{\textsc{t̨́}}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{c2sc} -- Small Capitals from Capitals} -Use with \textSourceText{smcp} for all-small-cap text. ABCDE $\rightarrow $ {\addfontfeature{Letters = UppercaseSmallCaps}ABCDE}. - -Note: The variants of Ŋ (\unic{U+014A}—see \hyperlink{OtherLatin}{Other Latin Letters}) have no lowercase equivalents. Their small capital forms can be -accessed only through this feature. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{pcap} -- Petite Capitals} -Produces small caps in a smaller size than \textSourceText{smcp}. Use these when small caps have to be mixed with -lowercase letters. The whole of the basic Latin alphabet is covered, plus a number of other letters, but fewer than -half of Junicode’s small caps have petite cap equivalents. klmno{\th} -$\rightarrow $ {\addfontfeature{Letters = PetiteCaps}klmno\th}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{c2pc} -- Petite Capitals from Capitals}} -Produces petite capitals from capitals. Use with \textSourceText{pcap} to convert mixed-case texts to petite capitals. -PQRST $\rightarrow $ {\addfontfeature{Letters=UppercasePetiteCaps}PQRST}. - -Note: The variants of Ŋ (\unic{U+014A}—see \hyperlink{OtherLatin}{Other Latin Letters}) have no lowercase equivalents. Their petite capital forms can be -accessed only through this feature. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{case} -- Case-Sensitive Forms} -Produces combining marks that harmonize with capital letters: {\addfontfeature{Letters=Uppercase}\v{R}, X̉}, etc. Use of this feature reduces the -likelihood that a combining mark will collide with a glyph in the line above. Some applications turn this -feature on automatically for runs of capitals, and precomposed characters -(e.g. \textex{É} \unic{U+00C9}, \textex{Ū} \unic{U+016A}) -already use case-appropriate combining marks. This feature also changes oldstyle to -lining figures, since these harmonize better with uppercase letters. - -\section{Alphabetic Variants} -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv01-cv52} -- Basic Latin Variants} -These features also affect small cap (\textSourceText{smcp}) and underdotted (\textSourceText{ss07}) forms, -where available. Variants in \cvc{magenta} are also available via \textSourceText{ss06} “Enlarged Minuscules.” -Use the \textSourceText{cvNN} features instead of \textSourceText{ss06} when you want to substitute an -enlarged minuscule for a capital (or, less likely, a lowercase) letter everywhere in a text. - -\begin{center} -\tablefirsthead{\hline -\bfseries Variant of &\ -\bfseries cvNN & -\arraybslash{\bfseries Variants}\\\hline} -\tablehead{\hline -\bfseries Variant of & -\bfseries cvNN & -\centering\arraybslash{\bfseries Variants}\\\hline} -\tabletail{\hline} -\tablelasttail{\hline} -\begin{supertabular}{| c | c | p{2.9212599in} |} -% -\bluerow\color{black}A & cv01 & -1=\cvd{1}{A}, 2=\cvd[1]{1}{A}, 3=\cvd[2]{1}{A}, 4=\cvc{\cvd[3]{1}{A}}\\ -% -a & cv02 & -{1=\cvd{2}{a}, 2=\cvd[1]{2}{a}, 3=\cvd[2]{2}{a}, 4=\cvd[3]{2}{a}, - 5=\cvd[4]{2}{a}, 6=\cvc{\cvd[5]{2}{a}}, 7=\cvd[6]{2}{a}, 8=\cvd[7]{2}{a}, 9=\cvd[8]{2}{a}, - 10=\cvd[9]{2}{a}}\\ -% -\bluerow B & cv03 & -1=\cvc{\cvd{3}{B}}, 2=\cvd[1]{3}{B}\\ -% -b & cv04 & -1=\cvc{\cvd{4}{b}}\\ -% -\bluerow C & cv05 & -{1=\cvd{5}{C}, 2=\cvc{\cvd[1]{5}{C}}}\\ -% -c & cv06 & -{1=\cvd{6}{c}, 2=\cvd[1]{6}{c}}\\ -% -\bluerow D & cv07 & -{1=\cvd{7}{D}, 2=\cvc{\cvd[1]{7}{D}}, 3=\cvc{\cvd[2]{7}{D}}}\\ -% -d & cv08 & -{1=\cvd{8}{d}, 2=\cvd[1]{8}{d}, 3=\cvd[2]{8}{d}, 4=\cvc{\cvd[3]{8}{d}}, - 5=\cvc{\cvd[4]{8}{d}} (also affects ḋ)}\\ -% -\bluerow E & cv09 & -{1=\cvd{9}{E}, 2=\cvd[1]{9}{E}, 3=\cvc{\cvd[2]{9}{E}}, 4=\cvd[3]{9}{E}}\\ -% -e & cv10 & -{1=\cvd{10}{e}, 2=\cvd[1]{10}{e}, 3=\cvd[2]{10}{e}, 4=\cvc{\cvd[3]{10}{e}}, 5=\cvd[4]{10}{e}}\\ -% -\bluerow F & cv11 & -{1=\cvd{11}{F}, 2=\cvc{\cvd[1]{11}{F}, 3=\cvd[2]{11}{F}}}\\ -% -f & cv12 & -{1=\cvd{12}{f}, 2=\cvd[1]{12}{f}, 3=\cvd[2]{12}{f}, 4=\cvd[3]{12}{f}, 5=\cvd[4]{12}{f}, - 6=\cvd[5]{12}{f}, 7=\cvc{\cvd[6]{12}{f}}, 8=\cvc{\cvd[7]{12}{f}}, 9=\cvd[8]{12}{f}}\\ -% -\bluerow G & cv13 & -{1=\cvd{13}{G}, 2=\cvd[1]{13}{G}, 3=\cvd[2]{13}{G}, 4=\cvc{\cvd[3]{13}{G}}}\\ -% -g & cv14 & -{1=\cvd{14}{g}, 2=\cvd[1]{14}{g}, 3=\cvd[2]{14}{g}, 4=\cvd[3]{14}{g}, 5=\cvd[4]{14}{g}, - 6=\cvd[5]{14}{g}, 7=\cvd[6]{14}{g}, 8=\cvc{\cvd[7]{14}{g}}, 9=\cvc{\cvd[8]{14}{g}}}\\ -% -\bluerow H & cv15 & -{1=\cvd{15}{H}, 2=\cvc{\cvd[1]{15}{H}}, 3=\cvd[2]{15}{H}}\\ -% -h & cv16 & -{1=\cvd{16}{h}, 2=\cvd[1]{16}{h}, 3=\cvc{\cvd[2]{16}{h}}, 4=\cvd[3]{16}{h}, 5=\cvd[4]{16}{h}}\\ -% -\bluerow I & cv17 & -{1=\cvd{17}{I}, 2=\cvd[1]{17}{I}, 3=\cvc{\cvd[2]{17}{I}}, 4=\cvd[3]{17}{I}}\\ -% -i & cv18 & -{1=\cvd{18}{i}, 2=\cvd[1]{18}{i}, 3=\cvd[2]{18}{i}, 4=\cvd[3]{18}{ii}, 5=\cvd[4]{18}{i}, - 6=\cvc{\cvd[5]{18}{i}}*}\\ -% -\bluerow J & cv19 & -{1=\cvd{19}{J}, 2=\cvc{\cvd[1]{19}{J}}}\\ -% -j & cv20 & -{1=\cvd{20}{j}, 2=\cvd[1]{20}{j}, 3=\cvd[2]{20}{j}, \cvc{4=\cvd[3]{20}{j}}}\\ -% -\bluerow K & cv21 & -{1=\cvc{\cvd{21}{K}}}\\ -% -k & cv22 & -{1=\cvd{22}{k}, 2=\cvd[1]{22}{k}, 3=\cvd[2]{22}{k}, 4=\cvd[3]{22}{k}, \cvc{5=\cvd[4]{22}{k}}, 6=\cvd[5]{22}{k}}\\ -% -\bluerow L & cv23 & -{\cvc{1=\cvd{23}{L}}}\\ -% -l & cv24 & -{1=\cvd{24}{l}, \cvc{2=\cvd[1]{24}{l}}, 3=\cvd[2]{24}{l}, 4=\cvd[3]{24}{l}, 5=\cvd[4]{24}{l}, 6=\cvd[5]{24}{l}}\\ -% -\bluerow M & cv25 & -{1=\cvd{25}{M}, 2=\cvd[1]{25}{M}, 3=\cvd[2]{25}{M}, 4=\cvc{\cvd[3]{25}{M}}}\\ -% -m & cv26 & -{1=\cvd{26}{m}, 2=\cvd[1]{26}{m}, 3=\cvd[2]{26}{m}, 4=\cvc{\cvd[3]{26}{m}}}\\ -% -\bluerow N & cv27 & -{1=\cvd{27}{N}, \cvc{2=\cvd[1]{27}{N}}, 3=\cvd[2]{27}{N}}\\ -% -n & cv28 & -{1=\cvd{28}{n}, 2=\cvd[1]{28}{n}, 3=\cvd[2]{28}{n}, 4=\cvd[3]{28}{n}, \cvc{5=\cvd[4]{28}{n}}, - 6=\cvd[5]{28}{n}, 7=\cvd[6]{28}{n}}\\ -% -\bluerow O & cv29 & -{1=\cvd{29}{O}, 2=\cvc{\cvd[1]{29}{O}}}\\ -% -o & cv30 & -{1=\cvd{30}{o}, 2=\cvc{\cvd[1]{30}{o}}}\\ -% -\bluerow P & cv31 & -{1=\cvd{31}{P}, 2=\cvc{\cvd[1]{31}{P}}}\\ -% -p & cv32 & -{1=\cvc{\cvd{32}{p}}}, 2=\cvd[1]{32}{p}**\\ -% -\bluerow Q & cv33 & -{1=\cvd{33}{Q}, 2=\cvc{\cvd[1]{33}{Q}}, 3=\cvd[2]{33}{Q}◌, - 4=\cvd[3]{33}{Q}◌◌}\\ -% -q & cv34 & -{1=\cvd{34}{q}, 2=\cvc{\cvd[1]{34}{q}}}\\ -% -\bluerow R & cv35 & -{1=\cvd{35}{R}, 2=\cvd[1]{35}{R}, 3=\cvc{\cvd[2]{35}{R}}}\\ -% -r & cv36 & -{1=\cvd{36}{r}, 2=\cvd[1]{36}{r}, 3=\cvd[2]{36}{r}, 4=\cvc{\cvd[3]{36}{r}}}\\ -% -\bluerow S & cv37 & -{1=\cvd{37}{S}, 2=\cvd[1]{37}{S}, 3=\cvc{\cvd[2]{37}{S}}, 4=\cvd[3]{37}{S}, 5=\cvd[4]{37}{S}, - 6=\cvd[5]{37}{S}, 7=\cvd[6]{37}{S}}\\ -% -s & cv38 & -{1=\cvd{38}{s}, 2=\cvd[1]{38}{s}, 3=\cvd[2]{38}{s}, 4=\cvd[3]{38}{s}, - 5=\cvd[4]{38}{s}, 6=\cvd[5]{38}{s}, 7=\cvc{\cvd[6]{38}{s}}, 8=\cvd[7]{38}{s}, - 9=\cvd[8]{38}{s}, 10=\cvd[9]{38}{s}, 11=\cvd[10]{38}{s}, 12=\cvd[11]{38}{s}}\\ -% -\bluerow T & cv39 & -{1=\cvd{39}{T}, 2=\cvc{\cvd[1]{39}{T}}}\\ -% -t & cv40 & -{1=\cvd{40}{t}, 2=\cvd[1]{40}{t}, 3=\cvc{\cvd[2]{40}{t}}, 4=\cvd[3]{40}{t}}\\ -% -\bluerow U & cv41 & -{1=\cvc{\cvd{41}{U}}, 2=\cvd[1]{41}{U}, 3=\cvd[2]{41}{U}}\\ -% -u & cv42 & -{1=\cvc{\cvd{42}{u}}}\\ -% -\bluerow V & cv43 & -{1=\cvc{\cvd{43}{V}}}\\ -% -v & cv44 & -{1=\cvd{44}{v}, 2=\cvd[1]{44}{v}, 3=\cvd[2]{44}{v}, 4=\cvd[3]{44}{v}, 5=\cvc{\cvd[4]{44}{v}}, - 6=\cvd[5]{44}{v}}\\ -% -\bluerow W & cv45 & -{1=\cvc{\cvd{45}{W}}, 2=\cvd[1]{45}{W}}\\ -% -w & cv46 & -{1=\cvc{\cvd{46}{w}}, 2=\cvd[1]{46}{w}}\\ -% -\bluerow X & cv47 & -{1=\cvc{\cvd{47}{X}}}\\ -% -x & cv48 & -{1=\cvd{48}{x}, 2=\cvd[1]{48}{x}, 3=\cvd[2]{48}{x}, 4=\cvd[3]{48}{x}, 5=\cvc{\cvd[4]{48}{x}}}\\ -% -\bluerow Y & cv49 & -{1=\cvd{49}{Y}, 2=\cvc{\cvd[1]{49}{Y}}}\\ -% -y & cv50 & -{1=\cvd{50}{y}, 2=\cvd[1]{50}{y}, 3=\cvd[2]{50}{y}, 4=\cvc{\cvd[3]{50}{y}}, 5=\cvd[4]{50}{y}, - 6=\cvd[5]{50}{y}}\\ -% -\bluerow Z & cv51 & -{1=\cvd{51}{Z}, 2=\cvc{\cvd[1]{51}{Z}}}\\ -% -z & cv52 & -{1=\cvd{52}{z}, 2=\cvd[1]{52}{z}, 3=\cvc{\cvd[2]{52}{z}}}\\ -\end{supertabular} -\end{center} - -\noindent * \textSourceText{cv18[4]} changes ii to ij at the end of a word; -\textSourceText{cv18[5]} changes i to j at the end of a word whether another -i precedes or not. These variants are chiefly useful for roman numbers, but -also for Latin words ending in -ii. The j produced by this feature is -searchable as i. - -\noindent ** \textSourceText{cv32[2]} should be on in any edition or extensive -quotation of the \textit{Ormulum}. The feature produces a p that differs from -the default only in the way it forms a double-p ligature with \textSourceText{hlig}: -\cvd[1]{32}{\hlig{pp}}, not \hlig{pp}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv53-cv66}, \textSourceText{cv91} -- Other Latin Letters}\hypertarget{OtherLatin}{} -Some features affect both upper- and lowercase forms. \textSourceText{cv62} also affects -combining \textex{e} with ogonek, accessible via either \textSourceText{\hyperlink{cv84}{cv84}} or -\textSourceText{\hyperlink{ss10}{ss10}} with the -entity reference \textSourceText{\&\_eogo;}. - -\begin{center} -\tablefirsthead{\hline -\bfseries Variant of & -\bfseries cvNN & -\centering\arraybslash{\bfseries Variants}\\\hline} -\tablehead{\hline -\bfseries Variant of & -\bfseries cvNN & -\arraybslash{\bfseries Variants}\\\hline} -\tabletail{\hline} -\tablelasttail{\hline} -\begin{supertabular}{| c | c |p{2.3212599in}|} -% -\bluerow\k{A} (\unic{U+0104}) & -cv53 & -{1=\cvd{53}{Ą}, 2=\cvd[1]{53}{Ą}, 3=\cvd[2]{53}{Ą}}\\ -% -\k{a} (\unic{U+0105}) & -cv54 & -{1=\cvd{54}{ą}, 2=\cvd[1]{54}{ą}}\\ -% -\bluerow ꜳ (\unic{U+A733}) & -cv55 & -{1=\cvd{55}{ꜳ}, 2=\cvd[1]{55}{ꜳ}, 3=\cvc{\cvd[2]{55}{ꜳ}}, 4=\cvd[3]{55}{æ}}\\ -% -{\AE} (\unic{U+00C6}) & -cv56 & -{1=\cvd{56}{\AE}, 2=\cvc{\cvd[1]{56}{\AE}}}\\ -% -\bluerow{\ae} (\unic{U+00E6}) & -cv57 & -{1=\cvd{57}{\ae}, 2=\cvc{\cvd[1]{57}{\ae}}, 3=\cvd[2]{57}{\ae}, 4=\cvd[3]{57}{\ae}, -5=\cvd[4]{57}{\ae}, 6=\cvd[5]{57}{\ae}}\\ -% -Ꜵ (\unic{U+A734}) & -cv58 & -{1=\cvd{58}{Ꜵ}, 2=\cvc{\cvd[1]{58}{Ꜵ}}, 3=\cvc{\cvd[2]{58}{Ꜵ}}}\\ -% -\bluerow ꜵ (\unic{U+A735}) & -cv59 & -{1=\cvd{59}{ꜵ}, 2=\cvd[1]{59}{ꜵ}, 3=\cvc{\cvd[2]{59}{ꜵ}}}\\ -% -ꜹ (\unic{U+A739}) & -cv60 & -{1=\cvd{60}{ꜹ}}\\ -% -\bluerow{\dj} (\unic{U+0111}) & -cv61 & -{1=\cvd{61}{\dj}}\\ -% -{\narrow Ę, ę ... (U+0118, U+0119)} & -cv62 & -{1=\cvd{62}{Ę, ę ...}; 2=\cvd[1]{62}{Ę, ę ...}}\\ -% -\bluerow{\narrow Ȝ, ȝ (U+021C, U+021D)} & -cv63 & -{1=\cvd{63}{Ȝȝ}, 2=\cvd[1]{63}{Ȝȝ}}\\ -% -Ŋ (U+014A) & -cv91 & -{1=\cvd{91}{Ŋ}, 2=\cvd[1]{91}{Ŋ}}\\ -% -\bluerow{\char"0A7C1} (\unic{U+A7C1}) & -cv65 & -{1=\cvd{65}{\char"0A7C1}, 2=\cvd[1]{65}{\char"0A7C1}, 3=\cvd[2]{65}{\char"0A7C1}, 4=\cvd[3]{65}{\char"0A7C1}}\\ -% -ꝥ, \revthorn{ꝥ} (\unic{U+A765}) & -cv66 & -{1=\cvd{66}{ꝥ, \revthorn{ꝥ}}}\\ -\end{supertabular} -\end{center} - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss01} -- Alternate thorn and eth} -Produces Nordic thorn and eth (\textex{\eng\revthorn{{\th}{\dh}{\TH}}}) when the language is English, and English thorn and eth -(\textex{\icel\revthorn{{\th}{\dh}{\TH}}}) with any other language, reversing the font’s ordinary usage. -This also affects small caps, crossed -thorn (\textex{ꝥ \revthorn{ꝥ}}---see also -\hyperlink{OtherLatin}{\textSourceText{cv66}}), combining mark eth -(\unic{U+1DD9}, \textex{◌ᷙ \revthorn{◌ᷙ}}), and enlarged thorn and eth (see \textSourceText{\hyperlink{ss06}{ss06}}). -This feature depends on \textSourceText{\hyperlink{req}{loca}} (Localized Forms), which in most applications will -always be enabled. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss02} -- Insular Letter-Forms} -Produces insular letter-forms, e.g. \textex{\addfontfeatures{Language=English,StylisticSet=2}dfgrsw}. -The result is different, -depending on whether the language is English or Irish (make sure the language for your document is set -properly). In English text, capitals are not affected (except W), as these do not not commonly have -insular shapes in early manuscripts; instead, enter the Unicode code points or use the Character Variant -(\textSourceText{cvNN}) features. In English text, ss02 imitates the typography of the Old English -passages of Hickes’s \textit{Thesaurus}, not the usage of Old English or Anglo-Latin manuscripts. In -Irish texts, it imitates the distribution of insular characters but cannot imitate the style of -particular scribal hands or typefaces. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss04} -- High -Overline} -Produces a high overline over letters used as roman numbers: \textex{\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=4}cdijlmvx CDI JLMVXↃ}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss05} -- -Medium-High Overline} -Produces a medium-high overline over (or through the ascenders of) letters used as roman numbers, and some others as -well: \textex{\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=5,Style=Historic}bcdhijklmſvx{\th}}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss06} -- -Enlarged Minuscules}\hypertarget{ss06}{} -Letters that are lowercase in form but uppercase in function, and between upper- and -lowercase in size, often used in medieval manuscripts as \textit{litterae notabiliores} to begin sentences, -paragraphs, and other textual units. -This feature -covers the whole of the basic Latin alphabet and a number of other letters that -occur at the beginnings of sentences. -Uppercase letters are also covered by this feature so that enlarged minuscules -can, if you like, be searched as capitals. This is Junicode's collection of -enlarged minuscules: - -\begin{multicols}{6} -\color{BrickRed}a\hfill→\hfill\enla{a} - -á\hfill→\hfill\enla{á} - -\cvd[6]{2}{a}\hfill→\hfill\enla{\cvd[6]{2}{a}} - -ꜳ\hfill→\hfill\enla{ꜳ} - -æ\hfill→\hfill\enla{æ} - -ꜵ\hfill→\hfill\enla{ꜵ} - -b\hfill→\hfill\enla{b} - -c\hfill→\hfill\enla{c} - -d\hfill→\hfill\enla{d} - -ḋ\hfill→\hfill\enla{ḋ} - -d́\hfill→\hfill\enla{d́} - -\cvd{8}{ḋ}\hfill→\hfill\enla{\cvd{8}{ḋ}} - -ꝺ\hfill→\hfill\enla{ꝺ} - -ꝺ́\hfill→\hfill\enla{ꝺ́} - -{\addfontfeature{Language=Icelandic}ð\hfill→\hfill\enla{ð}} - -ð\hfill→\hfill\enla{ð} - -e\hfill→\hfill\enla{e} - -\cvd[1]{10}{e}\hfill→\hfill\enla{\cvd[1]{10}{e}} - -é\hfill→\hfill\enla{é} - -ę\hfill→\hfill\enla{ę} - -\cvd{62}{ę}\hfill→\hfill\enla{\cvd{62}{ę}} - -f\hfill→\hfill\enla{f} - -ꝼ\hfill→\hfill\enla{ꝼ} - -g\hfill→\hfill\enla{g} - -ᵹ\hfill→\hfill\enla{ᵹ} - -ꟑ\hfill→\hfill\enla{ꟑ} - -h\hfill→\hfill\enla{h} - -\cvd{16}{h}\hfill→\hfill\enla{\cvd{16}{h}} - -\cvd[3]{16}{h}\hfill→\hfill\enla{\cvd[3]{16}{h}} - -ħ\hfill→\hfill\enla{ħ} - -i\hfill→\hfill\enla{i} - -ı\hfill→\hfill\enla{ı} - -j\hfill→\hfill\enla{j} - -ȷ\hfill→\hfill\enla{ȷ} - -k\hfill→\hfill\enla{k} - -l\hfill→\hfill\enla{l} - -m\hfill→\hfill\enla{m} - -\cvd{26}{m}\hfill→\hfill\enla{\cvd{26}{m}} - -n\hfill→\hfill\enla{n} - -o\hfill→\hfill\enla{o} - -œ\hfill→\hfill\enla{œ} - -p\hfill→\hfill\enla{p} - -q\hfill→\hfill\enla{q} - -r\hfill→\hfill\enla{r} - -s\hfill→\hfill\enla{s} - -ſ\hfill→\hfill\enla{ſ} - -t\hfill→\hfill\enla{t} - -u\hfill→\hfill\enla{u} - -v\hfill→\hfill\enla{v} - -w\hfill→\hfill\enla{w} - -ƿ\hfill→\hfill\enla{ƿ} - -x\hfill→\hfill\enla{x} - -y\hfill→\hfill\enla{y} - -z\hfill→\hfill\enla{z} - -{\addfontfeature{Language=Icelandic}þ\hfill→\hfill\enla{þ}} - -þ\hfill→\hfill\enla{þ} -\end{multicols} - -\noindent If you are using the variable version of the font (Junicode VF), consider using the -\hyperlink{enlarge}{Enlarge axis} -%\href{https://psb1558.github.io/Junicode-New/EnlargedAxis.html}{Enlarge axis} -instead, for reasons of flexibility and accessibility. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss07} -- Underdotted Text} -Produces underdotted text (indicating deletion in medieval manuscripts) for most -Latin and Greek letters, e.g. -\textex{\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=7}abcdefg HIJKLM αβγδεζη ΑΒΓΔΕΖΗ}. This also affects small -caps, e.g. \textex{{\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=7}\textsc{hijklmn θικλμνξ}}}. -If this feature fails for any letter, use \unic{U+0323}, combining dot below. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss08} -- Contextual Long s} -In English, French, and Latin text only, varies \textex{s} and \textex{ſ} according to rules -followed by many early printers: \textex{\colongs sports, essence, stormy, disheveled, transfusions, slyness, cliffside}. For this -feature to work properly, \textSourceText{calt} ``Contextual Alternates'' must also be enabled (as it should be by -default: see \hyperlink{req}{Required Features} below). This feature does not work in {\ltech}, except in harf mode. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss16} -- -Contextual r Rotunda}\hypertarget{ss16}{} -Converts \textex{r} to \textex{ꝛ} (lowercase only) following the -most common rules of medieval manuscripts: -\textex{\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=16,Contextuals=Alternate}priest, firmer, frost, ornament}. -For this feature to work properly, -\textSourceText{calt} ``Contextual Alternates'' must also be enabled (as it should be by default: see -\hyperlink{req}{Required Features} below). This feature does not work in {\ltech}, except in harf mode. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{salt} -- -Stylistic Alternates (medieval capitals, etc.)}\hypertarget{salt}{} -Junicode has two series of decorative capitals in medieval scripts. These affect only the letters -A-Z and a-z. \textSourceText{salt[1]} provides rustic capitals, a script used for text in the late -ancient and early medieval periods and for display until around the eleventh century: -\textex{\addfontfeature{StylisticAlternates=0}Gazifrequens Libycos duxit Karthago triumphos}. \textSourceText{salt[2]} -provides Lombardic capitals, a style used mainly for what are now called drop caps. Junicode’s Lombardic capitals -are not suitable for running text, titles, or headers: -\textex{\addfontfeature{StylisticAlternates=1}A\,B\,C\,D\,E\,F}. -Rustic capital Æ is available (\textex{\addfontfeature{StylisticAlternates=0}Æ}), but not Lombardic. -\textSourceText{salt[3]} provides variants of rustic G and Lombardic F and T: -\textex{\addfontfeature{StylisticAlternates=2}G\,F\,T}. -Miscellaneous alternates (for which Character Variants are -unavailable) are also gathered here on \textSourceText{salt[1]}: -ð \rightarrow{ }\textex{\addfontfeature{Language=English,StylisticAlternates=0}ð}, -ẏ \rightarrow{ }\textex{\addfontfeature{Language=English,StylisticAlternates=0}ẏ}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv68} -- Variant of ʔ (\unic{U+0294}, glottal stop)} -1=\cvd{68}{ʔ}. - -\section{Greek} -Junicode has two distinct styles of Greek. In the roman face, it is upright and -modern, especially designed to harmonize with Junicode's Latin letters. In the -italic, it is slanted and old-style, being based on the eighteenth-century -Greek type designed by Alexander Wilson and used by the Foulis Press in -Glasgow. Both Greek styles include the full polytonic and monotonic character -sets: \textex{αβγδεζ \textit{αβγδεζ}}. - -To set Greek properly (especially polytonic text) requires that both \textSourceText{locl} -and \textSourceText{ccmp} be active, as they should be by default in most -text processing applications (but in MS Word they must be explicitly enabled -by checking the ``kerning'' box on the ``Advanced'' tab of the Font Dialog). - -Modern monotonic Greek should be set using only characters from the Unicode “Greek -and Coptic” range (\unic{U+0370–U+03FF}). When monotonic text is set in all caps, Junicode -suppresses accents automatically (except in single-letter words, for which -you must substitute unaccented forms manually). This substitution is not -performed on text containing visually identical letters from the ``Greek Extended'' -range (\unic{U+0F00–U+1FFF}). -Thus when setting polytonic Greek, one should use (for example) \textex{Ά} -(\unic{U+1FBB}), not \textex{Ά} (\unic{U+0386}), -though they look the same. - -You can set polytonic Greek either by entering code points from the Greek -Extended range or by entering sequences of base characters and diacritics. -When using the latter method, you must first make sure the language for the -text in question (whether a single word, a short passage, or a complete -document) is set to Greek, and then enter characters in canonical order -(that is, the sequence defined by Unicode as equivalent to the composite -character). The order is as follows: 1. base character; 2. diacritics -positioned either above or in front of the base character, working from left -to right or bottom to top; 3. the \textit{ypogegrammeni} (\unic{U+0345}), or for -capitals, if you prefer, the \textit{prosgegrammeni} (\unic{U+1FBE}).\footnote{\ Some -applications will automatically reorder sequences of letters and accents, -sparing you the trouble of remembering the canonical order.} - -For example, the sequence ω (\unic{U+03C9}) ◌̓ (\unic{U+0313}) ◌́ (\unic{U+0301}) ◌ͅ (\unic{U+0345}) -produces \textex{\grk ᾤ}. -Substitute capital Ω (\unic{U+03A9}) and the result is -\textex{\grk ᾬ}. Note that in a number of applications the layout -engine will perform these substitutions before Junicode’s own programming is -invoked. If either the layout engine or Junicode fails to produce your -preferred result, try placing \unic{U+034F} \textUName{combining grapheme joiner} -(don't waste time puzzling over the name) somewhere -in the sequence of combining marks---for example, before the \textit{ypogegrammeni} -to make \textex{\grk Ὤ͏ͅ}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss03} -- Alternate Greek} -Provides alternate shapes of {\addfontfeature{Language=Greek}β γ θ π φ χ ω}: -\textex{\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=3}β γ θ π φ χ ω}. -These are chiefly useful in linguistics, as they harmonize with IPA characters. - -\section{Gothic} -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss19} -- Latin to Gothic Transliteration} -Produces Gothic letters from Latin: \revthorn{Warþ þan in dagans jainans} $\rightarrow $ -{\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=19}Warþ þan in dagans -jainans}. In web pages, the letters will be searchable as their Latin equivalents. - -\section{Runic} -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss12} -- Early English Futhorc} -Changes Latin letters to their equivalents in the early English futhorc. Because of the variability of the runic -alphabet, this method of transliteration may not produce the result you want. In that case, it may be necessary to -manually edit the result. fisc flodu ahof $\rightarrow $ {\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=12}fisc flodu ahof}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss13} -- Elder -Futhark} -Changes Latin letters to their equivalents in the Elder Futhark. Because of the variability of the runic alphabet, this -method of transliteration may not produce the result you want. In that case, it may be necessary to manually edit the -result. ABCDEFG $\rightarrow $ {\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=13}ABCDEFG}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss14} -- Younger -Futhark} -Changes Latin letters to their equivalents in the Younger Futhark. Because of the variability of the runic alphabet, -this method of transliteration may not produce the result you want. In that case, it may be necessary to manually edit -the result. ABCDEFG $\rightarrow $ {\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=14}ABCDEFG}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss15} -- -Long Branch to Short Twig} -In combination with \textSourceText{ss14}, converts long branch (the default for the Younger Futhark) to short twig runes: -{\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=14}{ABCDEFG $\rightarrow $ -\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=15}ABCDEFG}}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{rtlm} --- Right to Left Mirrored Forms} -Produces mirrored runes, e.g. {\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=12}ABCDEFG $\rightarrow $ \addfontfeature{MyStyle=mirrored}GFEDCBA}. -This feature cannot change the direction of text or reverse its order. - -\section{Ligatures and Digraphs} - -Old-style fonts typically contain a standard collection of ligatures (conjoined letters), including -\textex{fi}, \textex{fl}, \textex{ff}, \textex{ffi}, and \textex{ffl}. -Most software will display these ligatures automatically (except -Microsoft Word, for which they must be enabled explicitly). Junicode has a large number of ligatures, -including the standard f-ligatures, a similar set for long s, e.g. \textex{ſl}, \textex{ſſ}, \textex{ſſi}, but also more -specialized forms like \textex{ſꞇ}, -\textex{\addfontfeatures{StylisticSet=2,CharacterVariant=38:10}st}, -\textex{\addfontfeatures{Language=English,StylisticSet=2,CharacterVariant=38:10}sw} -(the last two with \textSourceText{ss02} and \textSourceText{cv38[11]}), and a few more. Most of Junicode’s -ligatures, however, are not automatic, but belong to the set of either Historic Ligatures -or Discretionary Ligatures, both of which must be invoked explicitly. These are listed in the following sections. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{hlig} -- Historic Ligatures} - -Produces ligatures for combinations that should not ordinarily be rendered as -ligatures in modern text.\footnote{\ Some -fonts define \textSourceText{hlig} differently, as including all ligatures in which at least one -element is an archaic character, e.g. -those involving long s (\textrm{ſ\hspace{0.2em}}). In Junicode, however, a -historic ligature is defined not by the characters it is composed of, but -rather by the join between them. If two characters (though modern) should not be joined except -in certain historic contexts, they form a historic ligature. If they should be -joined in all contexts (even if archaic), the ligature is not historic -and should be defined in \textSourceText{liga}.} Most of these are from the MUFI recommendation, -ranges B.1.1(b) and B.1.4. This feature does -not produce digraphs (which have a phonetic value), for which see -\textSourceText{\hyperlink{ss17}{ss17}}. The ligatures: -\addfontfeatures{Ligatures=Historic} - -\begin{multicols}{5} -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -a{\textcompwordmark}f\hfill→\hfill{}af} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -a{\textcompwordmark}ꝼ\hfill→\hfill{}aꝼ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -a{\textcompwordmark}g\hfill→\hfill{}ag} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -a{\textcompwordmark}l\hfill→\hfill{}al} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -a{\textcompwordmark}n\hfill→\hfill{}an} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -a{\textcompwordmark}N\hfill→\hfill{}aN} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -a{\textcompwordmark}p\hfill→\hfill{}ap} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -a{\textcompwordmark}r\hfill→\hfill{}ar} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -a{\textcompwordmark}R\hfill→\hfill{}aR} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -{\addfontfeature{Language=Icelandic}a{\textcompwordmark}{\th}\hfill→\hfill{}a{\th}}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -a{\textcompwordmark}v\hfill→\hfill{}av} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -\cvd[1]{2}{a}{\textcompwordmark}{v}\hfill→\hfill{}\cvd[1]{2}{av}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -b{\textcompwordmark}b\hfill→\hfill{}bb} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -b{\textcompwordmark}g\hfill→\hfill{}bg} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -b{\textcompwordmark}o\hfill→\hfill{}bo} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -c{\textcompwordmark}h\hfill→\hfill{}ch} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -c{\textcompwordmark}k\hfill→\hfill{}ck} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -ꝺ{\textcompwordmark}ꝺ\hfill→\hfill{}ꝺꝺ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -d{\textcompwordmark}e\hfill→\hfill{}de} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -ꝺ{\textcompwordmark}e\hfill→\hfill{}ꝺe} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -e{\textcompwordmark}a\hfill→\hfill{}ea} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -e{\textcompwordmark}c\hfill→\hfill{}ec} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -e{\textcompwordmark}ꝼ\hfill→\hfill{}eꝼ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -e{\textcompwordmark}ᵹ\hfill→\hfill{}eᵹ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -e{\textcompwordmark}m\hfill→\hfill{}em} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -e{\textcompwordmark}n\hfill→\hfill{}en} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -e{\textcompwordmark}o\hfill→\hfill{}eo} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -e{\textcompwordmark}ꞃ\hfill→\hfill{}eꞃ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -e{\textcompwordmark}ꞅ\hfill→\hfill{}eꞅ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -e{\textcompwordmark}ꞇ\hfill→\hfill{}eꞇ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -e{\textcompwordmark}x\hfill→\hfill{}ex} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -e{\textcompwordmark}y\hfill→\hfill{}ey} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -f{\textcompwordmark}ä\hfill→\hfill{}fä} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -g{\textcompwordmark}d\hfill→\hfill{}gd} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -g{\textcompwordmark}\revthorn{ð}\hfill→\hfill{}\revthorn{gð}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -g{\textcompwordmark}ꝺ\hfill→\hfill{}gꝺ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -g{\textcompwordmark}g\hfill→\hfill{}gg} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -\cvd[2]{14}{ɡ{\textcompwordmark}ɡ}\hfill→\hfill{}ɡɡ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -g{\textcompwordmark}o\hfill→\hfill{}go} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -g{\textcompwordmark}p\hfill→\hfill{}gp} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -g{\textcompwordmark}r\hfill→\hfill{}gr} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -H{\textcompwordmark}r\hfill→\hfill{}Hr} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -h{\textcompwordmark}r\hfill→\hfill{}hr} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -h{\textcompwordmark}ſ\hfill→\hfill{}hſ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -h{\textcompwordmark}ẝ\hfill→\hfill{}hẝ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -k{\textcompwordmark}r\hfill→\hfill{}kr} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -k{\textcompwordmark}ſ\hfill→\hfill{}kſ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -k{\textcompwordmark}ẝ\hfill→\hfill{}kẝ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -l{\textcompwordmark}l\hfill→\hfill{}ll} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -n{\textcompwordmark}a\hfill→\hfill{}na} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -n{\textcompwordmark}i\hfill→\hfill{}ni} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -\textsc{n}{\textcompwordmark}ſ\hfill→\hfill{}\textsc{nſ}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -n{\textcompwordmark}v\hfill→\hfill{}nv} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -o{\textcompwordmark}c\hfill→\hfill{}oc} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -O{\textcompwordmark}Ꝛ\hfill→\hfill{}OꝚ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -o{\textcompwordmark}ꝛ\hfill→\hfill{}oꝛ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -O{\textcompwordmark}Ꝝ\hfill→\hfill{}OꝜ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -o{\textcompwordmark}ꝝ\hfill→\hfill{}oꝝ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -P{\textcompwordmark}P\hfill→\hfill{}PP} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -p{\textcompwordmark}p\hfill→\hfill{}pp} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -ꝓ{\textcompwordmark}p\hfill→\hfill{}ꝓp} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -P{\textcompwordmark}s\hfill→\hfill{}Ps} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -p{\textcompwordmark}e\hfill→\hfill{}pe} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -p{\textcompwordmark}s\hfill→\hfill{}ps} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -P{\textcompwordmark}si\hfill→\hfill{}Psi} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -p{\textcompwordmark}si\hfill→\hfill{}psi} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -q{\textcompwordmark}ꝩ\hfill→\hfill{}qꝩ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -{\narrow q{\textcompwordmark}ꝫ/q\cvd[1]{83}{ꝫ}\hfill→\hfill\hlig{{}qꝫ/\cvd[1]{83}{qꝫ}}}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -ꝗ{\textcompwordmark}ꝗ\hfill→\hfill{}ꝗꝗ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -Q{\textcompwordmark}Ꝛ\hfill→\hfill{}QꝚ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -q{\textcompwordmark}ꝛ\hfill→\hfill{}qꝛ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -ſ{\textcompwordmark}\"a\hfill→\hfill{}ſ\"a} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -ſ{\textcompwordmark}c{\textcompwordmark}h\hfill→\hfill{}ſch} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -ſ{\textcompwordmark}t{\textcompwordmark}r\hfill→\hfill{}ſtr} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -ſ{\textcompwordmark}ꝩ\hfill→\hfill{}ſꝩ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -ſ{\textcompwordmark}ƿ\hfill→\hfill{}ſƿ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -ꞇ{\textcompwordmark}ꞇ\hfill→\hfill{}ꞇꞇ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -U{\textcompwordmark}E\hfill→\hfill{}UE} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -u{\textcompwordmark}e\hfill→\hfill{}ue} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -U{\textcompwordmark}U\hfill→\hfill{}UU} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -u{\textcompwordmark}u\hfill→\hfill{}uu} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -ƿ{\textcompwordmark}ƿ\hfill→\hfill{}ƿƿ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -\revthorn{{\th}{\textcompwordmark}r\hfill→\hfill{}{\th}r}} - -%{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -%\revthorn{{\th}{\textcompwordmark}s\hfill→\hfill{}{\th}s}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -\revthorn{{\th}{\textcompwordmark}ẝ\hfill→\hfill{}{\th}ẝ}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -ð{\textcompwordmark}ð\hfill→\hfill{}ðð} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -{\th}\textcompwordmark{\th}\hfill→\hfill{}{\th}{\th}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432} -ƿ{\textcompwordmark}ƿ\hfill→\hfill{}ƿƿ} - -{\color[rgb]{0.38039216,0.09019608,0.16078432}\addfontfeature{Language=English} -ꝥ{\textcompwordmark}ꝥ\hfill→\hfill{}ꝥꝥ} - -\end{multicols} - -\noindent\addfontfeatures{Ligatures=histoff} -Note: For the ligature \textex{\textsc{\hlig{nſ}}} to -work properly, \unic{U+017F} \textex{ſ} must be entered directly, not by applying an OpenType feature to -\textex{s}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{dlig} -- -Discretionary Ligatures} -Produces lesser-used ligatures: -\textex{\textcolor[rgb]{0.5529412,0.15686275,0.11764706}{\addfontfeature{Ligatures=Rare}ct, ſp, str, st, tr, tt, ty}}. -The collection of discretionary ligatures in the italic face also includes -\textex{\textit{\addfontfeature{Ligatures=Rare}as, is, us}}. - - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss17} -- Rare -Digraphs}\hypertarget{ss17}{} -By ``digraph'' we mean conjoined letters that represent a phonetic value: the most common examples -for western languages are \textex{{\ae}} and \textex{{\oe}} (though these, because they -are so common, are not included in this feature). Use of this feature in web pages enables easier searches: for -example, producing \textex{\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=17}{\th}au} from -\textex{{\th}au} allows the word to be -searched as ``{\th}au.'' The digraphs covered by this feature are \textcolor[rgb]{0.5529412,0.15686275,0.11764706}{% -\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=17,Language=Icelandic}aa, ao, au, av, ay, ꝺv, ðv, gv, oo, vy,} plus capital and small cap -equivalents and digraph + -diacritic combinations anticipated in the -MUFI recommendation. To produce such a digraph + diacritic combination, either type a letter + diacritic combination as -the second element of the digraph or type the diacritic after the second element. For example, -\textex{a} + \textex{\'u} yields \textex{\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=17}a\'u}, and so does -\textex{a} + \textex{u} + \unic{U+0301} (combining acute accent). To produce a digraph + -diacritic combination not covered by MUFI (e.g. \textex{ꜵ̀}), you may have to place \unic{U+034F} -\textUName{combining grapheme joiner} (see \hyperlink{cv84}{cv84}) between the second element of the digraph and the combining mark. - -\section{Numbers and Sequencing} -\subsection{\textSourceText{frac} -- Fractions} -Applied to a slash and surrounding numbers, produces fractions with diagonal -slashes. 6/9 becomes {\addfontfeature{Fractions=On}6/9}, 16/91 becomes {\addfontfeature{Fractions=On}16/91}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{numr} -- Numerators} -Changes numbers to those suitable for use on the left/upper side of fractions -with diagonal stroke (\unic{U+2044}). This can be used, with \textSourceText{dnom}, to manually construct -fractions, but for most users \textSourceText{frac} will be a better solution. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{dnom} -- Denominators} -Changes numbers to those suitable for use on the right/lower side of fractions -with diagonal stroke (\unic{U+2044}). This can be used, with \textSourceText{numr}, to manually construct -fractions, but for most users \textSourceText{frac} will be a better solution. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{nalt} -- Alternate Annotation Forms} -Produces letters and numbers circled, in parenthesis, or followed by periods, as follows: - -\textSourceText{nalt[1]}, circled letters or numbers: {\addfontfeature{Annotation=0}a b .~.~. z; 0 1 2 .~.~. 20}. - -\textSourceText{nalt[2]}, letter or numbers in parentheses: {\addfontfeature{Annotation=1}a .~.~. z; 0 1 .~.~. 20}. - -\textSourceText{nalt[3]}, double-circled numbers: {\addfontfeature{Annotation=2}0 1 .~.~. 10}. - -\textSourceText{nalt[4]}, white numbers in black circles: {\addfontfeature{Annotation=3}0 1 2 3 . . . 20}. - -\textSourceText{nalt[5]}, numbers followed by period: {\addfontfeature{Numbers={Monospaced,Uppercase},Annotation=4}0 1 . . . 20} - -\noindent For enclosed figures 10 and higher, \textSourceText{rlig} (Required Ligatures) must also be enabled (as it should -be by default: see \hyperlink{req}{Required Features} below). - -\subsection{\textSourceText{tnum} -- Tabular Figures} -Fixed-width figures: \ltab{0123456789} (with \textSourceText{lnum}), \otab{0123456789} (default or with -\textSourceText{onum}). - -\subsection{\textSourceText{onum} -- Oldstyle Figures} -Junicode's default figures are oldstyle and proportional, harmonizing with lowercase characters: -0123456789. Use this feature to switch temporarily to oldstyle figures in a context where -\textSourceText{lnum} is active. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{pnum} -- Proportional Figures} -Junicode's default figures are proportionally spaced: unlike tabular figures, they are not -all the same width: 0123456789. Use this feature to switch temporarily to proportional figures in a context where -\textSourceText{tnum} is active. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{lnum} -- Lining Figures} -Figures in a uniform height, harmonizing with uppercase letters: \ltab{0123456789} (with -\textSourceText{tnum}), \lprop{0123456789} (default or with \textSourceText{pnum}). - -\subsection{\textSourceText{zero} -- Slashed Zero} -Produces slashed zero in all number styles, including superscripts, subscripts, and fractions made with -\textSourceText{frac}: {\addfontfeature{Numbers=SlashedZero}\ltab{0} \otab{0} \lprop{0} \oprop{0} -\addfontfeature{Fractions=On} 10/30}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss09} -- Alternate Figures} -In the manner of old typefaces, Junicode's default number one is shaped like a small capital I and -its zero is a plain ring. This feature provides more modern-looking figures: -{\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=9}01}. Only oldstyle figures -are affected by this feature. - -\section{Superscripts and Subscripts} -\subsection{\textSourceText{sups} -- Superscripts} -Produces superscript numbers and letters. Superscript numbers are in one of two styles: oldstyle proportional -(from oldstyle numbers) and lining tabular (from lining numbers). All lowercase -letters of the basic Latin alphabet are covered, and most uppercase letters: \sups{\ltab{0123} \oprop{4567} abcde ABDEG}. Wherever -superscripts are needed (e.g. for footnote numbers), use \textSourceText{sups} instead of the raised and scaled -characters generated by some programs. With sups: \sups{4567}. Scaled: \textsuperscript{4567}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{subs} -- Subscripts} -Produces subscript numbers. Only produces oldstyle proportional and lining tabular figures: -\subs{\oprop{2345} \ltab{8901}}. - -\section{Punctuation} -MUFI encodes nearly twenty marks of punctuation in the PUA. In Junicode these can be accessed in -either of two ways: all are indexed variants of \textex{.} (period), and all are associated with the Unicode marks of -punctuation they most resemble (but it should not be inferred that the medieval marks are semantically identical with -the Unicode marks, or that there is an etymological relationship between them). The first method will be easier for -most to use, but the second is more likely to yield acceptable fallbacks in environments where Junicode is not -available. - -Marks with Unicode encoding are not included here, as they can safely be entered directly. In MUFI 4.0 several marks -have PUA encodings, but have since that release been assigned Unicode code points: \textit{paragraphus} (⹍ -\unic{U+2E4D}), medieval comma (⹌~\unic{U+2E4C}), \textit{punctus elevatus} (⹎ \unic{U+2E4E}), \textit{virgula suspensiva} -(⹊ \unic{U+2E4A}), triple dagger (⹋ \unic{U+2E4B}). - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss18} -- Old-Style Punctuation Spacing} -Colons, semicolons, parentheses, quotation marks and several other glyphs are spaced as in early printed books. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv69} -- Variants of ⁊⹒ -(\unic{U+204A / U+2E52}, Tironian nota)} -1=\cvd{69}{⁊⹒}, 2=\cvd[1]{69}{⁊⹒}, 3=\cvd[2]{69}{⁊⹒}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv70} -- - Variants of . (period)} -1=\cvd{70}{.}, 2=\cvd[1]{70}{.}, 3=\cvd[2]{70}{.}, 4=\cvd[3]{70}{.}, 5=\cvd[4]{70}{.}, 6=\cvd[5]{70}{.}, -7=\cvd[6]{70}{.}, 8=\cvd[7]{70}{.}, 9=\cvd[8]{70}{.}, 10=\cvd[9]{70}{.}, 11=\cvd[10]{70}{.}, 12=\cvd[11]{70}{.}, -13=\cvd[12]{70}{.}, 14=\cvd[13]{70}{.}, 15=\cvd[14]{70}{.}, 16=\cvd[15]{70}{.}, 17=\cvd[16]{70}{.}, -18=\cvd[17]{70}{.}, 19=\cvd[18]{70}{.}, 20=\cvd[19]{70}{.}. This -feature provides access to all non-Unicode MUFI punctuation marks. Some of them are available via other features (see -below). - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv71} -- Variant of {\textperiodcentered} (\unic{U+00B7}, middle dot)} -1=\cvd{71}{\char"25CC\textperiodcentered} (\textit{distinctio}), 2=\cvd[1]{71}{\char"25CC\textperiodcentered}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv72} -- -Variants of , (comma)} -1=\cvd{72}{,}, 2=\cvd[1]{72}{,}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv73} -- -Variants of ; (semicolon)} -1=\cvd{73}{;} (\textit{punctus versus}), 2=\cvd[1]{73}{;}, 3=\cvd[2]{73}{;}, 4=\cvd[3]{73}{;}, -5=\cvd[4]{73}{;}, 6=\cvd[5]{73}{;}, 7=\cvd[6]{73}{;}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv74} -- Variants of ⹎ (\unic{U+2E4E}, \textit{punctus elevatus})} -1=\cvd{74}{⹎}, 2=\cvd[1]{74}{⹎}, 3=\cvd[2]{74}{⹎}, 4=\cvd[3]{74}{⹎} (\textit{punctus flexus}). - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv7}\textSourceText{5} -- Variant of ! (exclamation mark)} -1=\cvd{75}{!} (\textit{punctus exclamativus}). - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv76} --- Variants of ? (question mark)} -1=\cvd{76}{?}, 2=\cvd[1]{76}{?}, 3=\cvd[2]{76}{?}. Shapes of the \textit{punctus interrogativus}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv77} --- Variant of \~{} (ASCII tilde)} -1=\cvd{77}{\~{}} (same as MUFI \unic{U+F1F9}, ``wavy line''). - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv78} -- -Variant of * (asterisk)} -1=\cvd{78}{*}. MUFI defines \unic{U+F1EC} as a \textit{signe de renvoi}. Manuscripts employ a number of shapes (of which this is one) for -this purpose. Junicode defines it as a variant of the asterisk---the most common modern \textit{signe de renvoi}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv7}\textSourceText{9} -- Variants of / (slash)} -1=\cvd{79}{/}, 2=\cvd[1]{79}{/}. The first of these is Unicode, \unic{U+2E4E}. - -\section{Spacing Abbreviations} -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv80} -- Variant of ꝝ (\unic{U+A75D}, rum -abbreviation)} -1=\cvd{80}{ꝝ}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv82} -- Variants of spacing ꝰ (\unic{U+A770})} -1=\cvd{82}{ꝰ}, 2=\cvd[1]{82}{ꝰ}. \textSourceText{cv82[1]} produces the baseline \textit{{}-us} abbreviation (same as MUFI -\unic{U+F1A6}). MUFI also has an uppercase baseline \textit{{}-us} abbreviation (\unic{U+F1A5}), but as there is no uppercase version -of \unic{U+A770} to pair it with, it is indexed separately here. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv83} -- Variants of ꝫ (\unic{U+A76B}, ``et'' abbreviation)} -1=\cvd{83}{ꝫ}, 2=\cvd[1]{83}{ꝫ}, 3=\cvd[2]{83}{ꝫ}. \textSourceText{[1]} and \textSourceText{[3]} are -identical in shape to a semicolon and a colon, but as they are semantically the same as \unic{U+A76B}, -it is preferable to use those -characters with this feature. \textSourceText{[2]} produces a subscript version of -the character, a common variant in early printed books. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv67} -- Spacing zigzag (variant of \unic{U+00AF}, spacing macron)} -A spacing version of ◌͛ (\unic{U+035B}, combining zigzag) appears in John Hutchins, -\textit{The History and Antiquities of the County of Dorset} (London, 1774). It -is not in Unicode or MUFI. In the future this feature may be used, as necessary, -for other spacing marks of abbreviation. - -\section{Combining Marks} -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv84} -- MUFI combining marks (variants of \unic{U+0304})}\hypertarget{cv84}{} -MUFI encodes a number of combining marks in the PUA (with code points between \unic{E000} and \unic{F8FF}), but when these characters -are entered directly, they can interfere with searching and accessibility, and some important applications fail to -position them correctly over their base characters. To avoid these problems, enter \unic{U+0304} (◌̄, \textUName{combining -macron}) and apply \textSourceText{cv84}, with the appropriate index, to both mark and base character. This -collection of marks does not include any Unicode-encoded marks (from the ``Combining Diacritical Marks'' ranges), as -these can safely be entered directly. It does include three marks (\textSourceText{cv84[30]}, -\textSourceText{[31]} and \textSourceText{[32]}) that lack MUFI code points but are used to form MUFI -characters, and three more (\textSourceText{[2]}, \textSourceText{[33]}, -and \textSourceText{[34]}) that have no code points in Unicode or MUFI. - -This feature may often appear to have no effect. When this happens it is because -an application replaced a sequence like \textex{a \unic{U+0304}} with a precomposed character -like \textex{ā} (\unic{U+0101}) before Junicode's OpenType programming had a chance to work. -This process is called normalization, and it usually has the effect of simplifying -text processing tasks, but can sometimes prevent the proper functioning of OpenType -features. To disable it, place the character \unic{U+034F} \textUName{combining -grapheme joiner} between the base -character and the combining mark (or the first combining mark). For example, to produce -the combination \textex{\cvd[1]{84}{u͏̄}}, enter \textex{u \unic{U+034F U+0304}}. - -These marks can sometimes be produced by other \textSourceText{cvNN} features, which may be preferable to -\textSourceText{cv84} as providing more suitable fallbacks for applications that do not support Character Variant -(\textSourceText{cvNN}) features. - -For some marks with PUA code points, users may find it easier to use \hyperlink{ss10}{entities} than this feature. - -These marks are not affected by most other features. This is to preserve flexibility, given the rule that the feature -that produces them must be applied to both the mark and the base character. For example, if you had to -apply \textSourceText{smcp} ``Small Caps'' to \textSourceText{U+1DE8} ◌͏ᷨ to get -\textSourceText{cv84[11]} \cvd[10]{84}{◌͏̄}, it would be impossible to produce the sequence -\textex{\cvd[10]{84}{na͏{\char"34F\char"304}a}} -(or the reverse case \textex{\textsc{na{\char"1DE8}a}}) -with the diacritic properly positioned. - -\begin{multicols}{6} -\color{BrickRed}1\hfill=\hfill\cvd{84}{◌͏̄} - -2\hfill=\hfill\cvd[1]{84}{◌͏̄} - -3\hfill=\hfill\cvd[2]{84}{◌͏̄} - -4\hfill=\hfill\cvd[3]{84}{◌͏̄} - -5\hfill=\hfill\cvd[4]{84}{◌͏̄} - -6\hfill=\hfill\cvd[5]{84}{◌͏̄} - -7\hfill=\hfill\cvd[6]{84}{◌͏̄} - -8\hfill=\hfill\cvd[7]{84}{◌͏̄} - -9\hfill=\hfill\cvd[8]{84}{◌͏̄} - -10\hfill=\hfill\cvd[9]{84}{◌͏̄} - -11\hfill=\hfill\cvd[10]{84}{◌͏̄} - -12\hfill=\hfill\cvd[11]{84}{◌͏̄} - -13\hfill=\hfill\cvd[12]{84}{◌͏̄} - -14\hfill=\hfill\cvd[13]{84}{◌͏̄} - -15\hfill=\hfill\cvd[14]{84}{◌͏̄} - -16\hfill=\hfill\cvd[15]{84}{◌͏̄} - -17\hfill=\hfill\cvd[16]{84}{◌͏̄} - -18\hfill=\hfill\cvd[17]{84}{◌͏̄} - -19\hfill=\hfill\cvd[18]{84}{◌͏̄} - -20\hfill=\hfill\cvd[19]{84}{◌͏̄} - -21\hfill=\hfill\cvd[20]{84}{◌͏̄} - -22\hfill=\hfill\cvd[21]{84}{◌͏̄} - -23\hfill=\hfill\cvd[22]{84}{◌͏̄} - -24\hfill=\hfill\cvd[23]{84}{◌͏̄} - -25\hfill=\hfill\cvd[24]{84}{◌͏̄} - -26\hfill=\hfill\cvd[25]{84}{◌͏̄} - -27\hfill=\hfill\cvd[26]{84}{◌͏̄} - -28\hfill=\hfill\cvd[27]{84}{◌͏̄} - -29\hfill=\hfill\cvd[28]{84}{◌͏̄} - -30\hfill=\hfill\cvd[29]{84}{◌͏̄} - -31\hfill=\hfill\cvd[30]{84}{◌͏̄} - -32\hfill=\hfill\cvd[31]{84}{◌͏̄} - -33\hfill=\hfill\cvd[32]{84}{◌͏̄} - -34\hfill=\hfill\cvd[33]{84}{◌͏̄} - -35\hfill=\hfill\cvd[34]{84}{◌͏̄} - -36\hfill=\hfill\cvd[34]{84}{◌͏̄} - -37\hfill=\hfill\cvd[34]{84}{◌͏̄} -\end{multicols} - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv81} -- Variants of ◌͛ (\unic{U+035B}, combining -zigzag above)} -1=\cvd{81}{◌͛}, 2=\cvd[1]{81}{◌͛}, 3=\cvd[2]{81}{◌͛}. Positioning of the zigzag can differ from that of other combining -marks, e.g. \textex{b͛ f͛ d͛}. If \textSourceText{calt} ``Contextual Alternates'' is enabled (as it is by -default in most apps), variant forms of \textSourceText{cv81[2]} will be used with several letters, e.g. -\textex{\cvd[1]{81}{d͛ \ f͛ \ k͛}}. Enable \textSourceText{case} for forms that harmonize with capitals -(\textex{\addfontfeature{Letters=Uppercase}\cvd[1]{81}{A͛ B͛ C͛ D͛}}), -\textSourceText{smcp} for forms that harmonize with small caps -(\textex{\textsc{\cvd[1]{81}{e͛ f͛ g͛ h͛}}}). - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss10} -- Character Entities for Combining Marks}\hypertarget{ss10}{} -Instead of \textSourceText{\hyperlink{cv84}{cv84}} for representing non-Unicode combining marks, some users may -wish to use XML/HTML-style entities. When \textSourceText{ss10} is turned on (preferably for the entire -text), these entities appear as combining marks and are correctly positioned over base characters. -For example, the letter \textex{e} followed by -\textex{\&{\textcompwordmark}\_eogo;} will yield \textex{e\&\_eogo;}. An advantage of entities is that -they are (unlike the PUA code points or the indexes of \textSourceText{cv84}) mnemonic and thus easy to use. -A disadvantage is that -searches cannot ignore combining marks entered by this method as they can using the \textSourceText{cv84} method. -(Every method of entering non-Unicode combining marks has disadvantages: users should weigh these, choose a method, -and stick with it.) - -If you use any of these entities in a work intended for print publication, you should call your publisher’s -attention to them, since they will likely have their own method of representing them. - -\begin{multicols}{4} -\color{RViolet}% -% Some of the marks in this table are made with cv84. It appears that the -% program may be calculating column width using the width of the unresolved -% entity, and that is causing some cells to wrap. We use cv84 for those -% cells. -\&{\textcompwordmark}\_ansc;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_ansc;} - -\&{\textcompwordmark}\_an;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_an;} - -\&{\textcompwordmark}\_ar;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_ar;} - -\&{\textcompwordmark}\_arsc;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_arsc;} - -\&\_{\textcompwordmark}as;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_as;} - -\&{\textcompwordmark}\_bsc;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_bsc;} - -\&{\textcompwordmark}\_dsc;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_dsc;} - -\&{\textcompwordmark}\_eogo;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_eogo;} - -\&{\textcompwordmark}\_emac;\hfill→\hfill\cvd[12]{84}{◌\char"0304} - -\&\_{\textcompwordmark}idotl;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_idotl;} - -\&\_{\textcompwordmark}j;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_j;} - -\&\_{\textcompwordmark}jdotl;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_jdotl;} - -\&\_{\textcompwordmark}ksc;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_ksc;} - -{\narrow\&\_{\textcompwordmark}munc;\hfill→\hfill\cvd[18]{84}{◌\char"0304}} - -\&\_{\textcompwordmark}oogo;\hfill→\hfill\cvd[20]{84}{◌\char"0304} - -{\narrow\&\_{\textcompwordmark}oslash;\hfill→\hfill\cvd[21]{84}{◌\char"0304}} - -\&\_{\textcompwordmark}omac;\hfill→\hfill\cvd{84}{◌\char"0304} - -\&\_{\textcompwordmark}orr;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_orr;} - -\&\_{\textcompwordmark}oru;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_oru;} - -\&\_{\textcompwordmark}q;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_q;} - -\&\_{\textcompwordmark}ru;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_ru;} - -\&\_{\textcompwordmark}sa;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_sa;} - -\&\_{\textcompwordmark}tsc;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_tsc;} - -\&\_{\textcompwordmark}y;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_y;} - -{\narrow\&\_{\textcompwordmark}thorn;\hfill→\hfill\textstyleEntityRef{◌\&\_thorn;}} -\end{multicols} - -\noindent For another function of Stylistic Set 10, see \hyperlink{tagchapter}{Chapter 6, Entering Characters with Tags}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{ss20} -- Low Diacritics} -The MUFI recommendation includes a number of precomposed characters with base letters -{\addfontfeature{Language=Icelandic}b, h, k, {\th}, ꝺ and {\dh}} and a number of combining -marks. Instead of being positioned above ascender height as usual (e.g. -\textex{hͣ}), the MUFI glyphs have the marks positioned above the x-height -(e.g. \textex{\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=20}hͣ}). -Using the MUFI code points for these precomposed glyphs can interfere with searching -and drastically reduce accessibility. Users of Junicode should instead use a sequence of base character + combining -mark, and apply \textSourceText{ss20} to the two glyphs. Variant shapes of \textex{ꝺ} and \textex{{\dh}} -that accommodate the combining mark will be substituted for the normal base characters (but this is not necessary for -the other base characters). Examples: -\textex{\addfontfeature{StylisticSet=20}bͦ ꝺᷦ \cvd[14]{84}{h̄} kͤ {\th}ͭ ðᷢ}. These marks are affected by this -feature: - -\begin{multicols}{3} - \seminarrow\color{BrickRed}◌ͣ (\unic{U+0363}) - - ◌ᷓ (\unic{U+1DD3}) - - ◌ͤ (\unic{U+0364}) - - \cvd[14]{84}{◌͏̄} (\unic{U+0304}\slash\textSourceText{cv84[15]}) - - ◌ᷞ (\unic{U+1DDE}) - - \cvd[18]{84}{◌͏̄} (\unic{U+0304}\slash\textSourceText{cv84[19]}). - - ◌ͦ (\unic{U+0366}) - - ◌ͬ (\unic{U+036C}) - - ◌ᷢ (\unic{U+1DE2}) - - ◌ᷣ (\unic{U+1DE3}) - - \cvd{87}{◌ᷣ} (\unic{U+1DE3}\slash\textSourceText{cv87[1]}) - - ◌ͭ (\unic{U+036D}) - - ◌ᫎ (\unic{U+1ACE}) - - ◌ͧ (\unic{U+0367}) - - ◌ͮ (\unic{U+036E}) - - ◌ᷦ (\unic{U+1DE6}) - - ◌͛ (\unic{U+035B}) - \end{multicols} - -\noindent\textSourceText{ss20} is intended for use only with the diacritics and base characters listed here; other -base+diacritic combinations may be disrupted by the feature. You should therefore apply it only to -relevant base+diacritic pairs (e.g. via a style in InDesign or a word processor or a command in -{\LuaTeX}). - - - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv85} -- Variant of ◌ᷓ (U+1DD3, combining open a)} -1=\cvd{85}{◌ᷓ}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv86} -- Variant of ◌ᷘ (\unic{U+1DD8}, combining insular -d)} -1=\cvd{86}{◌ᷘ}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv87} -- Variant of ◌ᷣ (\unic{U+1DE3}, combining r rotunda)} -1=\cvd{87}{◌ᷣ}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv8}\textSourceText{8} -- Variant of combining dieresis (\unic{U+0308})} -1=\cvd{88}{◌̈}. This also affects precomposed characters on which this variant dieresis may occur, e.g. -\textex{\cvd{88}{\"a}}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv89} -- Variant of ◌̅ (\unic{U+0305}, -combining overline)} -1=\cvd{89}{◌̅}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv}\textSourceText{90} -- Variants of ◌͞◌ (\unic{U+035E}, combining double macron)} -1=\cvd{90}{◌͞◌}, 2=\cvd[1]{90}{◌͞◌}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv92} -- Variant of combining breve below (\unic{U+032E})} -1=\cvd{92}{◌◌̮◌}. Position the mark after the middle of three glyphs, and apply \textSourceText{cv92} -to both the mark and (at least) the middle glyph. This mark is not available via \textSourceText{cv84}. - -\section{Currency and Weights} -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv93} -- Variants of {\textcurrency} (\unic{U+0044}, generic -currency sign)} - -\begin{multicols}{6} -\color{RViolet}1\hfill=\hfill\cvd{93}{\textcurrency} - -2\hfill=\hfill\cvd[1]{93}{\textcurrency} - -3\hfill=\hfill\cvd[2]{93}{\textcurrency} - -4\hfill=\hfill\cvd[3]{93}{\textcurrency} - -5\hfill=\hfill\cvd[4]{93}{\textcurrency} - -6\hfill=\hfill\cvd[5]{93}{\textcurrency} - -7\hfill=\hfill\cvd[6]{93}{\textcurrency} - -8\hfill=\hfill\cvd[7]{93}{\textcurrency} - -9\hfill=\hfill\cvd[8]{93}{\textcurrency} - -10\hfill=\hfill\cvd[9]{93}{\textcurrency} - -11\hfill=\hfill\cvd[10]{93}{\textcurrency} - -12\hfill=\hfill\cvd[11]{93}{\textcurrency} - -13\hfill=\hfill\cvd[12]{93}{\textcurrency} - -14\hfill=\hfill\cvd[13]{93}{\textcurrency} - -15\hfill=\hfill\cvd[14]{93}{\textcurrency} - -16\hfill=\hfill\cvd[15]{93}{\textcurrency} - -17\hfill=\hfill\cvd[16]{93}{\textcurrency} - -18\hfill=\hfill\cvd[17]{93}{\textcurrency} - -19\hfill=\hfill\cvd[18]{93}{\textcurrency} - -20\hfill=\hfill\cvd[19]{93}{\textcurrency} - -21\hfill=\hfill\cvd[20]{93}{\textcurrency} - -22\hfill=\hfill\cvd[21]{93}{\textcurrency} - -23\hfill=\hfill\cvd[22]{93}{\textcurrency} - -24\hfill=\hfill\cvd[23]{93}{\textcurrency} - -25\hfill=\hfill\cvd[24]{93}{\textcurrency} - -26\hfill=\hfill\cvd[25]{93}{\textcurrency} - -27\hfill=\hfill\cvd[26]{93}{\textcurrency} -\end{multicols} - -\noindent All of MUFI’s currency and weight symbols (those that do -not have Unicode code points) are gathered here, but some are also variants of other currency signs (see below). - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv9}\textSourceText{4} -- Variant of ℔ (\unic{U+2114})} -1=\cvd{94}{℔}. Same as MUFI \unic{U+F2EB} (French Libra sign). - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv95} -- Variants of {\pounds} (\unic{U+00A3}, British pound sign)} -1=\cvd{95}{\pounds}, 2=\cvd[1]{95}{\pounds}, 3=\cvd[2]{95}{\pounds}, 4=\cvd[3]{95}{\pounds}, -5=\cvd[4]{95}{\pounds}, 6=\cvd[5]{95}{\pounds}. Same as MUFI \unic{U+F2EA, F2EB, F2EC, F2ED, -F2EE, F2EF}, pound signs from various locales. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv96} -- Variant of ₰ (\unic{U+20B0}, German penny sign)} -1=\cvd{96}{₰}. Same as MUFI \unic{U+F2F5}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv97} -- Variant of ƒ (\unic{U+0192}, florin)} -1=\cvd{97}{ƒ}. Same as MUFI \unic{U+F2E8}. - -\subsection{\textSourceText{cv98} -- Variant of ℥ (\unic{U+2125}, Ounce sign)} -1=\cvd{98}{℥}. Same as MUFI \unic{U+F2FD}, Script ounce sign. - -\section{Ornaments} -\subsection{\textSourceText{ornm} -- Ornaments}\hypertarget{ornm}{} -Produces ornaments (fleurons) in either of two ways: as an indexed variant of the bullet character (\unic{U+2022}) or as -variants of a-z, A-C: - -\begin{multicols}{4} -a, 1{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{a} - -b, 2{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{b} - -c, 3{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{c} - -d, 4{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{d} - -e, 5{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{e} - -f, 6{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{f} - -g, 7{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{g} - -h, 8{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{h} - -i, 9{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{i} - -j, 10{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{j} - -k, 11{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{k} - -l, 12{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{l} - -m, 13{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{m} - -n, 14{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{n} - -o, 15{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{o} - -p, 16{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{p} - -q, 17{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{q} - -r, 18{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{r} - -s, 19{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{s} - -t, 20{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{t} - -u, 21{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{u} - -v, 22{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{v} - -w, 23{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{w} - -x, 24{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{x} - -y, 25{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{y} - -z, 26{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{z} - -A, 27{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{A} - -B, 28{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{B} - -C, 29{\tabto{4em}}\ornm{C} -\end{multicols} - -\noindent The method with letters of the alphabet is easier, but the method with bullets will produce a more satisfactory result -when text is displayed in an environment where Junicode is not available or \textSourceText{ornm} is not -implemented. - -\subsection{Lady Junicode} -Lady Junicode cannot be produced by an OpenType feature, believing that it would be vulgar to make herself so accessible. She has, indeed, -commanded that the author of this document not publish her code point, located in one of the more private corners of the -Private Use Area. She has, however, given permission to publish her miniature: -\begin{center} -{\huge\char"0F19F} -\end{center} -If you encounter her while adventuring in her domains, greet her respectfully, and she will welcome you graciously. - -\section{Required Features}\hypertarget{req}{} -Required features, which provide some of the font’s most basic functionality---ligatures, support for -other features, kerning, and more---include \textSourceText{ccmp} (Glyph Composition/Decomposition), -\textSourceText{calt} (Contextual Alternates), \textSourceText{liga} (Standard Ligatures), -\textSourceText{loca} (Localized Forms), \textSourceText{rlig} (Required Ligatures), -\textSourceText{kern} (Horizontal Kerning), and \textSourceText{mark}/\textSourceText{mkmk} (Mark -Positioning). In MS Word these features have to be explicitly enabled on the Advanced tab of the Font dialog (Ctrl-D or -Cmd-D: enable Kerning, Standard Ligatures, and Contextual Alternates, and the others will be enabled automatically), -but in most other applications they are enabled by default. - - -\chapter{Non-MUFI Code Points}\hypertarget{nonmufi}{} - -Characters in Junicode that do not have Unicode code points should be accessed via OpenType -features whenever possible. MUFI/PUA code points should be used only in applications that do not support OpenType, or -that support it only partially (for example, MS Word). For certain characters that lack either Unicode or MUFI code -points, code points in the Supplementary Private Use Area-A (plane 15) are available. - -\begin{multicols}{4} -{\color[rgb]{0.13333334,0.29411766,0.07058824} -U+F0000\hfill\cvd{53}{Ą}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.13333334,0.29411766,0.07058824} -U+F0001\hfill{}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.13333334,0.29411766,0.07058824} -U+F0002\hfill{}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.13333334,0.29411766,0.07058824} -U+F0003\hfill{}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.13333334,0.29411766,0.07058824} -U+F0004\hfill{}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.13333334,0.29411766,0.07058824} -U+F0005\hfill{}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.13333334,0.29411766,0.07058824} -U+F0006\hfill{}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.13333334,0.29411766,0.07058824} -U+F0007\hfill{}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.13333334,0.29411766,0.07058824} -U+F0008\hfill{}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.13333334,0.29411766,0.07058824} -U+F0009\hfill{}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.13333334,0.29411766,0.07058824} -U+F000A\hfill{}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.13333334,0.29411766,0.07058824} -U+F000B\hfill{}} - -{\color[rgb]{0.13333334,0.29411766,0.07058824} -U+F000C\hfill{}} - 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