web2c/luatexdir: sync with the upstream

git-svn-id: svn://tug.org/texlive/trunk@40233 c570f23f-e606-0410-a88d-b1316a301751

17 files changed, 313 insertions, 450 deletions

diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/align.w b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/align.w
index d54eabac131..cd8086af301 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/align.w
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/align.w
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ void init_row(void)
         space_factor = 0;
     else
         prev_depth = 0;
-    tail_append(new_glue(glue_ptr(preamble)));
+    tail_append(new_glue(preamble));
     subtype(cur_list.tail_field) = tab_skip_code + 1;
     cur_align = vlink(preamble);
     cur_tail = cur_head;
@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ boolean fin_col(void)
             v_part(p) = token_link(hold_token_head);
 
             cur_loop = vlink(cur_loop);
-            r = new_glue(glue_ptr(cur_loop));
+            r = new_glue(cur_loop);
             vlink(p) = r;
         } else {
             const char *hlp[] =
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@ boolean fin_col(void)
         cur_list.tail_field = u;
 
         /* Copy the tabskip glue between columns */
-        tail_append(new_glue(glue_ptr(vlink(cur_align))));
+        tail_append(new_glue(vlink(cur_align)));
         subtype(cur_list.tail_field) = tab_skip_code + 1;
 
         if (extra_info(cur_align) >= cr_code) {
@@ -803,13 +803,13 @@ set so that the columns line up, taking due account of spanned columns.
 @c
 void fin_align(void)
 {
-    pointer p, q, r, s, u, v, rr;       /* registers for the list operations */
+    pointer p, q, r, s, u, rr;  /* registers for the list operations */
     scaled t, w;                /* width of column */
     scaled o;                   /* shift offset for unset boxes */
     halfword n;                 /* matching span amount */
     scaled rule_save;           /* temporary storage for |overfull_rule| */
     halfword pd;                /* temporary storage for |prev_depth| */
-    halfword ng;               /*  temporary storage for |new_glue| */
+    halfword ng;                /*  temporary storage for |new_glue| */
     if (cur_group != align_group)
         confusion("align1");
     unsave();                   /* that |align_group| was for individual entries */
@@ -856,12 +856,7 @@ value is changed to zero and so is the next tabskip.
             /* Nullify |width(q)| and the tabskip glue following this column */
             width(q) = 0;
             r = vlink(q);
-            s = glue_ptr(r);
-            if (s != zero_glue) {
-                add_glue_ref(zero_glue);
-                delete_glue_ref(s);
-                glue_ptr(r) = zero_glue;
-            }
+            reset_glue_to_zero(r); /* is a lready copy */ 
         }
         if (span_ptr(q) != end_span) {
             /* Merge the widths in the span nodes of |q| with those of |p|,
@@ -874,7 +869,7 @@ value is changed to zero and so is the next tabskip.
                have been processed, and the successor of |s| matches |r| or precedes |r|
                or follows |r|, according as |link(r)=n| or |link(r)>n| or |link(r)<n|.
              */
-            t = width(q) + width(glue_ptr(vlink(q)));
+            t = width(q) + width(vlink(q));
             r = span_ptr(q);
             s = end_span;
             span_ptr(s) = p;
@@ -987,22 +982,17 @@ value is changed to zero and so is the next tabskip.
                            and update |s| and |t| as the prototype nodes are passed */
 
                         s = vlink(s);
-                        v = glue_ptr(s);
-                        ng = new_glue(v);
+                        ng = new_glue(s);
                         vlink(u) = ng;
                         u = vlink(u);
                         subtype(u) = tab_skip_code + 1;
-                        t = t + width(v);
+                        t = t + width(s);
                         if (glue_sign(p) == stretching) {
-                            if (stretch_order(v) == glue_order(p))
-                                t = t +
-                                    round(float_cast(glue_set(p)) *
-                                          float_cast(stretch(v)));
+                            if (stretch_order(s) == glue_order(p))
+                                t = t + round(float_cast(glue_set(p)) * float_cast(stretch(s)));
                         } else if (glue_sign(p) == shrinking) {
-                            if (shrink_order(v) == glue_order(p))
-                                t = t -
-                                    round(float_cast(glue_set(p)) *
-                                          float_cast(shrink(v)));
+                            if (shrink_order(s) == glue_order(p))
+                                t = t - round(float_cast(glue_set(p)) * float_cast(shrink(s)));
                         }
                         s = vlink(s);
                         rr = new_null_box();
diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/buildpage.w b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/buildpage.w
index 4c61a510a9c..104566f790b 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/buildpage.w
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/buildpage.w
@@ -316,15 +316,14 @@ void build_page(void)
         p = vlink(contrib_head);
         /* Update the values of |last_glue|, |last_penalty|, and |last_kern| */
         if (last_glue != max_halfword) {
-            delete_glue_ref(last_glue);
+            flush_node(last_glue);
             last_glue = max_halfword;
         }
         last_penalty = 0;
         last_kern = 0;
         last_node_type = type(p) + 1;
         if (type(p) == glue_node) {
-            last_glue = glue_ptr(p);
-            add_glue_ref(last_glue);
+            last_glue = new_glue(p);
         } else if (type(p) == penalty_node) {
             last_penalty = penalty(p);
         } else if (type(p) == kern_node) {
@@ -360,17 +359,17 @@ void build_page(void)
                     freeze_page_specs(box_there);
                 else
                     page_contents = box_there;
-                q = new_skip_param(top_skip_code);      /* now |temp_ptr=glue_ptr(q)| */
+                q = new_skip_param(top_skip_code);
                 if ((type(p) == hlist_node) && is_mirrored(body_direction)) {
-                    if (width(temp_ptr) > depth(p))
-                        width(temp_ptr) = width(temp_ptr) - depth(p);
+                    if (width(q) > depth(p))
+                        width(q) = width(q) - depth(p);
                     else
-                        width(temp_ptr) = 0;
+                        width(q) = 0;
                 } else {
-                    if (width(temp_ptr) > height(p))
-                        width(temp_ptr) = width(temp_ptr) - height(p);
+                    if (width(q) > height(p))
+                        width(q) = width(q) - height(p);
                     else
-                        width(temp_ptr) = 0;
+                        width(q) = 0;
                 }
                 couple_nodes(q, p);
                 couple_nodes(contrib_head, q);
@@ -633,32 +632,24 @@ void build_page(void)
 
         /* Update the current page measurements with respect to the
            glue or kern specified by node~|p| */
-        if (type(p) == kern_node) {
-            q = p;
-        } else {
-            q = glue_ptr(p);
-            if (stretch_order(q) > 1)
-                page_so_far[1 + stretch_order(q)] =
-                    page_so_far[1 + stretch_order(q)] + stretch(q);
+        if (type(p) != kern_node) {
+            if (stretch_order(p) > 1)
+                page_so_far[1 + stretch_order(p)] = page_so_far[1 + stretch_order(p)] + stretch(p);
             else
-                page_so_far[2 + stretch_order(q)] =
-                    page_so_far[2 + stretch_order(q)] + stretch(q);
-            page_shrink = page_shrink + shrink(q);
-            if ((shrink_order(q) != normal) && (shrink(q) != 0)) {
+                page_so_far[2 + stretch_order(p)] = page_so_far[2 + stretch_order(p)] + stretch(p);
+            page_shrink = page_shrink + shrink(p);
+            if ((shrink_order(p) != normal) && (shrink(p) != 0)) {
                 print_err("Infinite glue shrinkage found on current page");
                 help4("The page about to be output contains some infinitely",
                       "shrinkable glue, e.g., `\\vss' or `\\vskip 0pt minus 1fil'.",
                       "Such glue doesn't belong there; but you can safely proceed,",
                       "since the offensive shrinkability has been made finite.");
                 error();
-                r = new_spec(q);
-                shrink_order(r) = normal;
-                delete_glue_ref(q);
-                glue_ptr(p) = r;
-                q = r;
+                reset_glue_to_zero(p);
+                shrink_order(p) = normal;
             }
         }
-        page_total = page_total + page_depth + width(q);
+        page_total = page_total + page_depth + width(p);
         page_depth = 0;
 
       CONTRIBUTE:              /* go here to link a node into the current page */
@@ -814,6 +805,7 @@ void fire_up(halfword c)
                     s = last_ins_ptr(r);
                     vlink(s) = ins_ptr(p);
                     if (best_ins_ptr(r) == p) {
+                        halfword t; /* was a global temp_ptr */
                         /* Wrap up the box specified by node |r|, splitting node |p| if
                            called for; set |wait:=true| if node |p| holds a remainder after
                            splitting */
@@ -826,22 +818,20 @@ void fire_up(halfword c)
                                 ins_ptr(p) =
                                     prune_page_top(broken_ptr(r), false);
                                 if (ins_ptr(p) != null) {
-                                    temp_ptr =
-                                        vpack(ins_ptr(p), 0, additional, -1);
-                                    height(p) =
-                                        height(temp_ptr) + depth(temp_ptr);
-                                    list_ptr(temp_ptr) = null;
-                                    flush_node(temp_ptr);
+                                    t = vpack(ins_ptr(p), 0, additional, -1);
+                                    height(p) = height(t) + depth(t);
+                                    list_ptr(t) = null;
+                                    flush_node(t);
                                     wait = true;
                                 }
                             }
                         }
                         best_ins_ptr(r) = null;
                         n = subtype(r);
-                        temp_ptr = list_ptr(box(n));
+                        t = list_ptr(box(n));
                         list_ptr(box(n)) = null;
                         flush_node(box(n));
-                        box(n) = vpack(temp_ptr, 0, additional, body_direction);
+                        box(n) = vpack(t, 0, additional, body_direction);
 
                     } else {
                         while (vlink(s) != null)
@@ -910,7 +900,7 @@ void fire_up(halfword c)
     vbadness = save_vbadness;
     vfuzz = save_vfuzz;
     if (last_glue != max_halfword)
-        delete_glue_ref(last_glue);
+        flush_node(last_glue);
     /* Start a new current page */
     start_new_page();           /* this sets |last_glue:=max_halfword| */
     if (q != hold_head) {
@@ -921,6 +911,7 @@ void fire_up(halfword c)
     /* Delete the page-insertion nodes */
     r = vlink(page_ins_head);
     while (r != page_ins_head) {
+	    /* todo: couple */ 
         q = vlink(r);
         flush_node(r);
         r = q;
diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/directions.w b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/directions.w
index 7af25187999..20d46606d6a 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/directions.w
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/directions.w
@@ -86,7 +86,6 @@ halfword new_dir(int s)
 {
     halfword p = new_node(dir_node, 0);
     dir_dir(p) = s;
-    dir_dvi_ptr(p) = -1;
     dir_level(p) = cur_level;
     return p;
 }
diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/dumpdata.w b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/dumpdata.w
index ac4f96f2f0e..be5f0074639 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/dumpdata.w
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/dumpdata.w
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 
 /* we start with 907: the sum of the values of the bytes of "don knuth" */
 
-#define FORMAT_ID (907+13)
+#define FORMAT_ID (907+14)
 #if ((FORMAT_ID>=0) && (FORMAT_ID<=256))
 #error Wrong value for FORMAT_ID.
 #endif
diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/equivalents.w b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/equivalents.w
index d88b7322a76..cc709c1bd7e 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/equivalents.w
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/equivalents.w
@@ -567,6 +567,8 @@ within |save_stack|, so these counts must be handled carefully.
 @^reference counts@>
 
 @c
+/* we don't need to destroy when an assignment has the same node */
+
 void eq_destroy(memory_word w)
 {                               /* gets ready to forget |w| */
     halfword q;                 /* |equiv| field of |w| */
@@ -578,7 +580,7 @@ void eq_destroy(memory_word w)
             delete_token_ref(equiv_field(w));
             break;
         case glue_ref_cmd:
-            delete_glue_ref(equiv_field(w));
+            flush_node(equiv_field(w));
             break;
         case shape_ref_cmd:
             q = equiv_field(w);     /* we need to free a \.{\\parshape} block */
diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/linebreak.h b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/linebreak.h
index 1b5d1da96ca..99560ebed2e 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/linebreak.h
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/linebreak.h
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ extern halfword find_protchar_right(halfword l, halfword r);
 )
 
 #  define cp_skipable(a) ( (! is_char_node((a))) && ( \
-    ((type((a)) == glue_node) && (glue_ptr((a)) == zero_glue)) \
+    ((type((a)) == glue_node) && (glue_is_zero((a)))) \
  ||  (type((a)) == penalty_node) \
  || ((type((a)) == disc_node) && empty_disc(a)) \
  || ((type((a)) == kern_node) && ((width((a)) == 0) || (subtype((a)) == normal))) \
diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/linebreak.w b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/linebreak.w
index 6560192da93..8b8f47bc9d5 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/linebreak.w
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/linebreak.w
@@ -108,11 +108,10 @@ void line_break(boolean d, int line_break_context)
     } else if (type(cur_list.tail_field) != glue_node) {
         tail_append(new_penalty(inf_penalty));
     } else {
-        type(cur_list.tail_field) = penalty_node;
-        delete_glue_ref(glue_ptr(cur_list.tail_field));
-        if (leader_ptr(cur_list.tail_field) != null)
-            flush_node_list(leader_ptr(cur_list.tail_field));
-        penalty(cur_list.tail_field) = inf_penalty;
+        halfword t = alink(cur_list.tail_field);
+		flush_node(cur_list.tail_field);
+		cur_list.tail_field = t;
+		tail_append(new_penalty(inf_penalty));
     }
     final_par_glue = new_param_glue(par_fill_skip_code);
     couple_nodes(cur_list.tail_field, final_par_glue);
@@ -210,7 +209,6 @@ static boolean no_shrink_error_yet;     /*have we complained about infinite shri
 
 static halfword finite_shrink(halfword p)
 {                               /* recovers from infinite shrinkage */
-    halfword q;                 /*new glue specification */
     const char *hlp[] = {
         "The paragraph just ended includes some glue that has",
         "infinite shrinkability, e.g., `\\hskip 0pt minus 1fil'.",
@@ -223,10 +221,8 @@ static halfword finite_shrink(halfword p)
         no_shrink_error_yet = false;
         tex_error("Infinite glue shrinkage found in a paragraph", hlp);
     }
-    q = new_spec(p);
-    shrink_order(q) = normal;
-    delete_glue_ref(p);
-    return q;
+    shrink_order(p) = normal;
+    return p;
 }
 
 @ A pointer variable |cur_p| runs through the given horizontal list as we look
@@ -900,7 +896,7 @@ static void compute_break_width(int break_type, int line_break_dir, int adjust_s
         switch (type(s)) {
             case math_node:
                 /* begin mathskip code */
-                if (math_skip == zero_glue) {
+                if (glue_is_zero(math_skip)) {
                     break_width[1] -= surround(s);
                     break;
                 } else {
@@ -909,12 +905,9 @@ static void compute_break_width(int break_type, int line_break_dir, int adjust_s
                 /* end mathskip code */
             case glue_node:
                 /*Subtract glue from |break_width|; */
-                {
-                    halfword v = glue_ptr(s);
-                    break_width[1] -= width(v);
-                    break_width[2 + stretch_order(v)] -= stretch(v);
-                    break_width[7] -= shrink(v);
-                }
+                break_width[1] -= width(s);
+                break_width[2 + stretch_order(s)] -= stretch(s);
+                break_width[7] -= shrink(s);
                 break;
             case penalty_node:
                 break;
@@ -1698,7 +1691,7 @@ void ext_do_line_break(int paragraph_dir,
      */
     do_last_line_fit = false;
     if (last_line_fit > 0) {
-        q = glue_ptr(last_line_fill);
+        q = last_line_fill;
         if ((stretch(q) > 0) && (stretch_order(q) > normal)) {
             if ((background[3] == 0) && (background[4] == 0) &&
                 (background[5] == 0) && (background[6] == 0)) {
@@ -1845,7 +1838,7 @@ void ext_do_line_break(int paragraph_dir,
                 case math_node:
                     auto_breaking = (subtype(cur_p) == after);
                     /* begin mathskip code */
-                    if (math_skip == zero_glue) {
+                    if (glue_is_zero(math_skip)) {
                         kern_break();
                         break;
                     } else {
@@ -1886,16 +1879,10 @@ void ext_do_line_break(int paragraph_dir,
                         }
                     }
                     /* *INDENT-ON* */
-                    check_shrinkage(glue_ptr(cur_p));
-                    q = glue_ptr(cur_p);
-                    active_width[1] += width(q);
-                    active_width[2 + stretch_order(q)] += stretch(q);
-                    active_width[7] += shrink(q);
-                    /* begin mathskip code */
-                    if (type(cur_p)==math_node) {
-                        active_width[1]+=surround(cur_p);
-                    }
-                    /* end mathskip code */
+                    check_shrinkage(cur_p);
+                    active_width[1] += width(cur_p);
+                    active_width[2 + stretch_order(cur_p)] += stretch(cur_p);
+                    active_width[7] += shrink(cur_p);
                     break;
                 case kern_node:
                     if (subtype(cur_p) == explicit_kern || subtype(cur_p) == italic_kern) {
@@ -2122,11 +2109,8 @@ void ext_do_line_break(int paragraph_dir,
         if (active_short(best_bet) == 0) {
             do_last_line_fit = false;
         } else {
-            q = new_spec(glue_ptr(last_line_fill));
-            delete_glue_ref(glue_ptr(last_line_fill));
-            width(q) += (active_short(best_bet) - active_glue(best_bet));
-            stretch(q) = 0;
-            glue_ptr(last_line_fill) = q;
+            width(last_line_fill) += (active_short(best_bet) - active_glue(best_bet));
+            stretch(last_line_fill) = 0;
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/mainbody.w b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/mainbody.w
index a8d35d7ac56..ad0bb783a1f 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/mainbody.w
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/mainbody.w
@@ -549,7 +549,8 @@ been scanned and |its_all_over|\kern-2pt.
 void final_cleanup(void)
 {
     int c;                      /* 0 for \.{\\end}, 1 for \.{\\dump} */
-    halfword i;                 /*  for looping marks  */
+    halfword i;                 /* for looping marks  */
+    halfword t;                 /* was a global temp_ptr */
     c = cur_chr;
     if (job_name == 0)
         open_log_file();
@@ -578,17 +579,16 @@ void final_cleanup(void)
         tprint(" was incomplete)");
         if_line = if_line_field(cond_ptr);
         cur_if = subtype(cond_ptr);
-        temp_ptr = cond_ptr;
+        t = cond_ptr;
         cond_ptr = vlink(cond_ptr);
-        flush_node(temp_ptr);
+        flush_node(t);
     }
     if (callback_defined(stop_run_callback) == 0)
         if (history != spotless)
             if ((history == warning_issued) || (interaction < error_stop_mode))
                 if (selector == term_and_log) {
                     selector = term_only;
-                    tprint_nl
-                        ("(see the transcript file for additional information)");
+                    tprint_nl("(see the transcript file for additional information)");
                     selector = term_and_log;
                 }
     if (c == 1) {
@@ -602,8 +602,9 @@ void final_cleanup(void)
             }
             for (c = last_box_code; c <= vsplit_code; c++)
                 flush_node_list(disc_ptr[c]);
-            if (last_glue != max_halfword)
-                delete_glue_ref(last_glue);
+            if (last_glue != max_halfword) {
+                flush_node(last_glue);
+            }
             while (pseudo_files != null)
                 pseudo_close(); /* flush pseudo files */
             store_fmt_file();
diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/maincontrol.h b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/maincontrol.h
index ea22ff80dc7..c42dcc93aa4 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/maincontrol.h
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/maincontrol.h
@@ -176,7 +176,6 @@ extern void fixup_directions(void);
 
 extern void get_r_token(void);
 extern void assign_internal_value(int a, halfword p, int cur_val);
-extern void trap_zero_glue(void);
 extern void do_register_command(int a);
 extern void alter_aux(void);
 extern void alter_prev_graf(void);
diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/maincontrol.w b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/maincontrol.w
index bf432e308da..af89da9d5d7 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/maincontrol.w
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/maincontrol.w
@@ -130,11 +130,7 @@ and kerns, is part of \TeX's ``inner loop''; the whole program runs
 efficiently when its inner loop is fast, so this part has been written
 with particular care.
 
-@c
-static halfword main_p;         /* temporary register for list manipulation */
-static halfword main_s;         /* space factor value */
-
-@ We leave the |space_factor| unchanged if |sf_code(cur_chr)=0|; otherwise we
+We leave the |space_factor| unchanged if |sf_code(cur_chr)=0|; otherwise we
 set it equal to |sf_code(cur_chr)|, except that it should never change
 from a value less than 1000 to a value exceeding 1000. The most common
 case is |sf_code(cur_chr)=1000|, so we want that case to be fast.
@@ -142,16 +138,16 @@ case is |sf_code(cur_chr)=1000|, so we want that case to be fast.
 @c
 void adjust_space_factor(void)
 {
-    main_s = get_sf_code(cur_chr);
-    if (main_s == 1000) {
+    halfword s = get_sf_code(cur_chr);
+    if (s == 1000) {
         space_factor = 1000;
-    } else if (main_s < 1000) {
-        if (main_s > 0)
-            space_factor = main_s;
+    } else if (s < 1000) {
+        if (s > 0)
+            space_factor = s;
     } else if (space_factor < 1000) {
         space_factor = 1000;
     } else {
-        space_factor = main_s;
+        space_factor = s;
     }
 }
 
@@ -160,10 +156,6 @@ both time and memory.''  That may be true, but it also punches through
 the API wall for fonts, so I removed that -- Taco. But a bit of caching
 is very welcome, which is why I need to have the next two globals:
 
-@c
-internal_font_number space_spec_font;
-halfword space_spec_cache;
-
 @ To handle the execution state of |main_control|'s eternal loop,
 an extra global variable is used, along with a macro to define
 its values.
@@ -208,38 +200,32 @@ is zero or~not.
 
 @c
 static void run_app_space (void) {
+    halfword p; /* was a global temp_ptr */
     int method = int_par(disable_space_code) ;
     if (method == 1) {
         /* don't inject anything, not even zero skip */
     } else if (method == 2) {
-        temp_ptr = new_glue(zero_glue);
-        couple_nodes(tail,temp_ptr);
-        tail = temp_ptr;
+        p = new_glue(zero_glue);
+        couple_nodes(tail,p);
+        tail = p;
     } else if ((abs(mode) + cur_cmd == hmode + spacer_cmd) && (!(space_factor == 1000))) {
         app_space();
     } else {
         /* Append a normal inter-word space to the current list */
-        if (space_skip == zero_glue) {
-            /* Find the glue specification, |main_p|, for
-               text spaces in the current font */
-            if (cur_font != space_spec_font) {
-                if (space_spec_cache != zero_glue)
-                    delete_glue_ref(space_spec_cache);
-                space_spec_cache = new_spec(zero_glue);
-                width(space_spec_cache) = space(cur_font);
-                stretch(space_spec_cache) = space_stretch(cur_font);
-                shrink(space_spec_cache) = space_shrink(cur_font);
-                space_spec_font = cur_font;
-            }
-            main_p = space_spec_cache;
-            temp_ptr = new_glue(main_p);
+        if (glue_is_zero(space_skip)) {
+            /* Find the glue specification for text spaces in the current font */
+            p = new_glue(zero_glue);
+            width(p) = space(cur_font);
+            stretch(p) = space_stretch(cur_font);
+            shrink(p) = space_shrink(cur_font);
+
         } else {
-            temp_ptr = new_param_glue(space_skip_code);
+            p = new_param_glue(space_skip_code);
         }
-/* so from now we have a subtype with spaces: */
-subtype(temp_ptr) = space_skip_code + 1 ;
-        couple_nodes(tail,temp_ptr);
-        tail = temp_ptr;
+        /* so from now we have a subtype with spaces: */
+        subtype(p) = space_skip_code + 1 ;
+        couple_nodes(tail,p);
+        tail = p;
     }
 }
 
@@ -1001,28 +987,27 @@ void main_control(void)
 void app_space(void)
 {                               /* handle spaces when |space_factor<>1000| */
     halfword q;                 /* glue node */
-    if ((space_factor >= 2000) && (xspace_skip != zero_glue)) {
+    if ((space_factor >= 2000) && (! glue_is_zero(xspace_skip))) {
         q = new_param_glue(xspace_skip_code);
-/* so from now we have a subtype with spaces: */
-subtype(q) = xspace_skip_code + 1;
+        /* so from now we have a subtype with spaces: */
+        subtype(q) = xspace_skip_code + 1;
     } else {
-        if (space_skip != zero_glue) {
-            main_p = new_spec(space_skip);
+        if (!glue_is_zero(space_skip)) {
+            q = new_glue(space_skip);
         } else {
-            main_p = new_spec(zero_glue);
-            width(main_p) = space(cur_font);
-            stretch(main_p) = space_stretch(cur_font);
-            shrink(main_p) = space_shrink(cur_font);
+            q = new_glue(zero_glue);
+            width(q) = space(cur_font);
+            stretch(q) = space_stretch(cur_font);
+            shrink(q) = space_shrink(cur_font);
         }
-        /* Modify the glue specification in |main_p| according to the space factor */
+        /* Modify the glue specification in |q| according to the space factor */
         if (space_factor >= 2000)
-            width(main_p) = width(main_p) + extra_space(cur_font);
-        stretch(main_p) = xn_over_d(stretch(main_p), space_factor, 1000);
-        shrink(main_p) = xn_over_d(shrink(main_p), 1000, space_factor);
-        q = new_glue(main_p);
-        glue_ref_count(main_p) = null;
-/* so from now we have a subtype with spaces: */
-subtype(q) = space_skip_code + 1;
+            width(q) = width(q) + extra_space(cur_font);
+        stretch(q) = xn_over_d(stretch(q), space_factor, 1000);
+        shrink(q) = xn_over_d(shrink(q), 1000, space_factor);
+
+        /* so from now we have a subtype with spaces: */
+        subtype(q) = space_skip_code + 1;
     }
     couple_nodes(tail, q);
     tail = q;
@@ -1136,20 +1121,19 @@ used in at least one place where that would be a mistake.
 @c
 void append_glue(void)
 {
-    int s;                      /* modifier of skip command */
-    s = cur_chr;
+    int s = cur_chr;
     switch (s) {
         case fil_code:
-            cur_val = fil_glue;
+            cur_val = new_glue(fil_glue);
             break;
         case fill_code:
-            cur_val = fill_glue;
+            cur_val = new_glue(fill_glue);
             break;
         case ss_code:
-            cur_val = ss_glue;
+            cur_val = new_glue(ss_glue);
             break;
         case fil_neg_code:
-            cur_val = fil_neg_glue;
+            cur_val = new_glue(fil_neg_glue);
             break;
         case skip_code:
             scan_glue(glue_val_level);
@@ -1157,12 +1141,12 @@ void append_glue(void)
         case mskip_code:
             scan_glue(mu_val_level);
             break;
-    }                           /* now |cur_val| points to the glue specification */
+    }
+    /* now |cur_val| points to the glue specification */
     tail_append(new_glue(cur_val));
-    if (s >= skip_code) {
-        decr(glue_ref_count(cur_val));
-        if (s > skip_code)
-            subtype(tail) = mu_glue;
+    flush_node(cur_val);
+    if (s > skip_code) {
+        subtype(tail) = mu_glue;
     }
 }
 
@@ -1287,8 +1271,7 @@ void handle_right_brace(void)
             break;
         case insert_group:
             end_graf(insert_group);
-            q = split_top_skip;
-            add_glue_ref(q);
+            q = new_glue(split_top_skip);
             d = split_max_depth;
             f = floating_penalty;
             unsave();
@@ -1306,7 +1289,7 @@ void handle_right_brace(void)
             } else if (saved_type(0) == saved_adjust) {
                 tail_append(new_node(adjust_node, saved_value(0)));
                 adjust_ptr(tail) = list_ptr(p);
-                delete_glue_ref(q);
+                flush_node(q);
             } else {
                 confusion("insert_group");
             }
@@ -2539,7 +2522,6 @@ void prefixed_command(void)
                 scan_glue(mu_val_level);
             else
                 scan_glue(glue_val_level);
-            trap_zero_glue();
             define(p, glue_ref_cmd, cur_val);
             break;
         case def_char_code_cmd:
@@ -2638,7 +2620,6 @@ void prefixed_command(void)
                     scan_dimen(false, false, false);
             } else {
                 scan_glue(mu_val_level);
-                trap_zero_glue();
                 if (cur_val == glue_par(thin_mu_skip_code))
                     cur_val = thin_mu_skip_code;
                 else if (cur_val == glue_par(med_mu_skip_code))
@@ -2992,21 +2973,6 @@ void assign_internal_value(int a, halfword p, int val)
     }
 }
 
-@ When a glue register or parameter becomes zero, it will always point to
-|zero_glue| because of the following procedure. (Exception: The tabskip
-glue isn't trapped while preambles are being scanned.)
-
-@c
-void trap_zero_glue(void)
-{
-    if ((width(cur_val) == 0) && (stretch(cur_val) == 0)
-        && (shrink(cur_val) == 0)) {
-        add_glue_ref(zero_glue);
-        delete_glue_ref(cur_val);
-        cur_val = zero_glue;
-    }
-}
-
 @ We use the fact that |register<advance<multiply<divide|
 
 Compute the register location |l| and its type |p|; but |return| if invalid
@@ -3065,20 +3031,20 @@ void do_register_command(int a)
             if (q == advance_cmd)
                 cur_val = cur_val + eqtb[l].cint;
         } else {
+            /* we can probably save a copy */
             scan_glue(p);
             if (q == advance_cmd) {
                 /* Compute the sum of two glue specs */
                 halfword r = equiv(l);
                 q = new_spec(cur_val);
-                delete_glue_ref(cur_val);
+                flush_node(cur_val);
                 width(q) = width(q) + width(r);
                 if (stretch(q) == 0) {
                     stretch_order(q) = normal;
                 }
                 if (stretch_order(q) == stretch_order(r)) {
                     stretch(q) = stretch(q) + stretch(r);
-                } else if ((stretch_order(q) < stretch_order(r))
-                           && (stretch(r) != 0)) {
+                } else if ((stretch_order(q) < stretch_order(r)) && (stretch(r) != 0)) {
                     stretch(q) = stretch(r);
                     stretch_order(q) = stretch_order(r);
                 }
@@ -3087,8 +3053,7 @@ void do_register_command(int a)
                 }
                 if (shrink_order(q) == shrink_order(r)) {
                     shrink(q) = shrink(q) + shrink(r);
-                } else if ((shrink_order(q) < shrink_order(r))
-                           && (shrink(r) != 0)) {
+                } else if ((shrink_order(q) < shrink_order(r)) && (shrink(r) != 0)) {
                     shrink(q) = shrink(r);
                     shrink_order(q) = shrink_order(r);
                 }
@@ -3128,7 +3093,7 @@ void do_register_command(int a)
         help2("I can't carry out that multiplication or division,",
               "since the result is out of range.");
         if (p >= glue_val_level)
-            delete_glue_ref(cur_val);
+            flush_node(cur_val);
         error();
         return;
     }
@@ -3143,7 +3108,6 @@ void do_register_command(int a)
         else
             word_define(l, cur_val);
     } else {
-        trap_zero_glue();
         define(l, glue_ref_cmd, cur_val);
     }
 }
@@ -3599,11 +3563,9 @@ void initialize(void)
         set_equiv(glue_base, zero_glue);
         set_eq_level(glue_base, level_one);
         set_eq_type(glue_base, glue_ref_cmd);
-        for (k = glue_base + 1; k <= local_base - 1; k++)
+        for (k = glue_base + 1; k <= local_base - 1; k++) {
             eqtb[k] = eqtb[glue_base];
-        glue_ref_count(zero_glue) =
-            glue_ref_count(zero_glue) + local_base - glue_base;
-
+        }
         par_shape_ptr = null;
         set_eq_type(par_shape_loc, shape_ref_cmd);
         set_eq_level(par_shape_loc, level_one);
diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/mlist.w b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/mlist.w
index 5932a9f9dbe..0fc21de7ceb 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/mlist.w
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/mlist.w
@@ -1063,17 +1063,15 @@ static scaled stack_into_box(pointer b, internal_font_number f, int c)
 }
 
 static void stack_glue_into_box(pointer b, scaled min, scaled max) {
-    pointer p, q;               /* new node placed into |b| */
-    q = new_spec(zero_glue);
-    width(q) = min;
-    stretch(q) = max-min;
-    p = new_glue(q);
+    halfword p = new_glue(zero_glue);
+    width(p) = min;
+    stretch(p) = max - min;
     reset_attributes(p, node_attr(b));
     if (type(b) == vlist_node) {
         try_couple_nodes(p,list_ptr(b));
         list_ptr(b) = p;
     } else {
-        q = list_ptr(b);
+        halfword q = list_ptr(b);
         if (q == null) {
             list_ptr(b) = p;
         } else {
@@ -1543,7 +1541,7 @@ static pointer math_glue(pointer g, scaled m)
         decr(n);
         f = f + unity;
     }
-    p = new_node(glue_spec_node, 0);
+    p = new_node(glue_node, 0);
     width(p) = mu_mult(width(g)); /* convert \.{mu} to \.{pt} */
     stretch_order(p) = stretch_order(g);
     if (stretch_order(p) == normal)
@@ -1951,12 +1949,12 @@ static pointer wrapup_over_under_delimiter(pointer x, pointer y, pointer q, scal
 
 #define fixup_widths(q,x,y) do { \
     if (width(y) >= width(x)) { \
-        if (radicalwidth(q) != zero_glue) { \
+        if (radicalwidth(q) != 0) { \
             shift_amount(x) += half(width(y)-width(x)) ; \
         } \
         width(x) = width(y); \
     } else { \
-        if (radicalwidth(q) != zero_glue) { \
+        if (radicalwidth(q) != 0) { \
             shift_amount(y) += half(width(x)-width(y)) ; \
         } \
         width(y) = width(x); \
@@ -1965,7 +1963,7 @@ static pointer wrapup_over_under_delimiter(pointer x, pointer y, pointer q, scal
 
 
 #define check_radical(q,stack,r,t) do { \
-    if (!stack && (width(r) >= width(t)) && (radicalwidth(q) != zero_glue) && (radicalwidth(q) != width(r))) { \
+    if (!stack && (width(r) >= width(t)) && (radicalwidth(q) != 0) && (radicalwidth(q) != width(r))) { \
         if (radicalleft(q)) { \
             halfword p = new_kern(radicalwidth(q)-width(r)); \
             reset_attributes(p, node_attr(q)); \
@@ -1990,7 +1988,7 @@ static pointer wrapup_over_under_delimiter(pointer x, pointer y, pointer q, scal
 } while (0)
 
 #define check_widths(q,p) do { \
-    if (radicalwidth(q) != zero_glue) { \
+    if (radicalwidth(q) != 0) { \
         wd = radicalwidth(q); \
     } else { \
         wd = width(p); \
@@ -3710,13 +3708,11 @@ static pointer math_spacing_glue(int l_type, int r_type, int mstyle, scaled mmu)
             /* trap thin/med/thick settings cf. old TeX */
             y = math_glue(glue_par(x), mmu);
             z = new_glue(y);
-            glue_ref_count(y) = null;
             /* store a symbolic subtype */
             subtype(z) = (quarterword) (x + 1);
         } else {
             y = math_glue(x, mmu);
             z = new_glue(y);
-            glue_ref_count(y) = null;
         }
     }
     return z;
@@ -3968,10 +3964,9 @@ void mlist_to_hlist(pointer mlist, boolean penalties, int cur_style)
 
             */
             if (subtype(q) == mu_glue) {
-                x = glue_ptr(q);
+                x = q; /* was ptr */
                 y = math_glue(x, cur_mu);
-                delete_glue_ref(x);
-                glue_ptr(q) = y;
+                q = y; /* we can get rid of the indirect */
                 subtype(q) = normal;
             } else if ((cur_size != text_size) && (subtype(q) == cond_math_glue)) {
                 p = vlink(q);
diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/packaging.w b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/packaging.w
index 0c474a50add..5b9aa8b8995 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/packaging.w
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/packaging.w
@@ -625,7 +625,6 @@ halfword hpack(halfword p, scaled w, int m, int pack_direction)
     scaled x = 0;               /* natural width */
     scaled_whd whd;
     scaled s;                   /* shift amount */
-    halfword g;                 /* points to a glue specification */
     int o;                      /* order of infinity */
     halfword dir_ptr1 = null;   /* for managing the direction stack */
     int hpack_dir;              /* the current direction */
@@ -758,14 +757,13 @@ halfword hpack(halfword p, scaled w, int m, int pack_direction)
                 /* */
                 case glue_node:
                     /* Incorporate glue into the horizontal totals */
-                    g = glue_ptr(p);
-                    x += width(g);
-                    o = stretch_order(g);
-                    total_stretch[o] = total_stretch[o] + stretch(g);
-                    o = shrink_order(g);
-                    total_shrink[o] = total_shrink[o] + shrink(g);
+                    x += width(p);
+                    o = stretch_order(p);
+                    total_stretch[o] = total_stretch[o] + stretch(p);
+                    o = shrink_order(p);
+                    total_shrink[o] = total_shrink[o] + shrink(p);
                     if (subtype(p) >= a_leaders) {
-                        g = leader_ptr(p);
+                        halfword g = leader_ptr(p);
                         if (height(g) > h)
                             h = height(g);
                         if (depth(g) > d)
@@ -817,7 +815,7 @@ halfword hpack(halfword p, scaled w, int m, int pack_direction)
                     break;
                 case math_node:
                     /* begin mathskip code */
-                    if (glue_ptr(p) == zero_glue) {
+                    if (glue_is_zero(p)) {
                         x += surround(p);
                         break;
                     } else {
@@ -1198,7 +1196,7 @@ scaled_whd natural_sizes(halfword p, halfword pp, glue_ratio g_mult,
                 /* */
                 case math_node:
                     /* begin mathskip code */
-                    if (glue_ptr(p) == zero_glue) {
+                    if (glue_is_zero(p)) {
                         siz.wd += surround(p);
                         break;
                     } else {
@@ -1206,15 +1204,14 @@ scaled_whd natural_sizes(halfword p, halfword pp, glue_ratio g_mult,
                     }
                     /* end mathskip code */
                 case glue_node:
-                    g = glue_ptr(p);
-                    siz.wd += width(g);
+                    siz.wd += width(p);
                     if (g_sign != normal) {
                         if (g_sign == stretching) {
-                            if (stretch_order(g) == g_order) {
-                                siz.wd += float_round(float_cast(g_mult) * float_cast(stretch(g)));
+                            if (stretch_order(p) == g_order) {
+                                siz.wd += float_round(float_cast(g_mult) * float_cast(stretch(p)));
                             }
-                        } else if (shrink_order(g) == g_order) {
-                            siz.wd -= float_round(float_cast(g_mult) * float_cast(shrink(g)));
+                        } else if (shrink_order(p) == g_order) {
+                            siz.wd -= float_round(float_cast(g_mult) * float_cast(shrink(p)));
                         }
                     }
                     if (subtype(p) >= a_leaders) {
@@ -1276,7 +1273,6 @@ halfword vpackage(halfword p, scaled h, int m, scaled l, int pack_direction)
     scaled x = 0;               /* natural height */
     scaled_whd whd;
     scaled s;                   /* shift amount */
-    halfword g;                 /* points to a glue specification */
     int o;                      /* order of infinity */
     last_badness = 0;
     r = new_node(vlist_node, 0);
@@ -1347,14 +1343,13 @@ halfword vpackage(halfword p, scaled h, int m, scaled l, int pack_direction)
                 /* Incorporate glue into the vertical totals */
                 x += d;
                 d = 0;
-                g = glue_ptr(p);
-                x += width(g);
-                o = stretch_order(g);
-                total_stretch[o] = total_stretch[o] + stretch(g);
-                o = shrink_order(g);
-                total_shrink[o] = total_shrink[o] + shrink(g);
+                x += width(p);
+                o = stretch_order(p);
+                total_stretch[o] = total_stretch[o] + stretch(p);
+                o = shrink_order(p);
+                total_shrink[o] = total_shrink[o] + shrink(p);
                 if (subtype(p) >= a_leaders) {
-                    g = leader_ptr(p);
+                    halfword g = leader_ptr(p);
                     if (width(g) > w)
                         w = width(g);
                 }
@@ -1643,8 +1638,7 @@ void append_to_vlist(halfword b, int location)
                 p = new_param_glue(line_skip_code);
             } else {
                 p = new_skip_param(baseline_skip_code);
-                /* |temp_ptr=glue_ptr(p)| */
-                width(temp_ptr) = d;
+                width(p) = d;
             }
             couple_nodes(cur_list.tail_field, p);
             cur_list.tail_field = p;
@@ -1702,11 +1696,10 @@ halfword prune_page_top(halfword p, boolean s)
             q = new_skip_param(split_top_skip_code);
             vlink(prev_p) = q;
             vlink(q) = p;
-            /* now |temp_ptr=glue_ptr(q)| */
-            if (width(temp_ptr) > height(p))
-                width(temp_ptr) = width(temp_ptr) - height(p);
+            if (width(q) > height(p))
+                width(q) = width(q) - height(p);
             else
-                width(temp_ptr) = 0;
+                width(q) = 0;
             p = null;
             break;
         case boundary_node:
@@ -1775,7 +1768,6 @@ halfword vert_break(halfword p, scaled h, scaled d)
 {
     halfword prev_p = p;        /* if |p| is a glue node, |type(prev_p)| determines whether |p| is a
                                    legal breakpoint, an initial glue node is not a legal breakpoint */
-    halfword q, r;              /* glue specifications */
     int pi = 0;                 /* penalty value */
     int b;                      /* badness at a trial breakpoint */
     int t;                      /* |type| of the node following a kern */
@@ -1881,27 +1873,20 @@ halfword vert_break(halfword p, scaled h, scaled d)
            contain infinite shrinkability, since that would permit any amount of
            information to ``fit'' on one page. */
 
-        if (type(p) == kern_node) {
-            q = p;
-        } else {
-            q = glue_ptr(p);
-            active_height[2 + stretch_order(q)] += stretch(q);
-            active_height[7] += shrink(q);
-            if ((shrink_order(q) != normal) && (shrink(q) != 0)) {
+        if (type(p) != kern_node) {
+            active_height[2 + stretch_order(p)] += stretch(p);
+            active_height[7] += shrink(p);
+            if ((shrink_order(p) != normal) && (shrink(p) != 0)) {
                 print_err("Infinite glue shrinkage found in box being split");
                 help4("The box you are \\vsplitting contains some infinitely",
                       "shrinkable glue, e.g., `\\vss' or `\\vskip 0pt minus 1fil'.",
                       "Such glue doesn't belong there; but you can safely proceed,",
                       "since the offensive shrinkability has been made finite.");
                 error();
-                r = new_spec(q);
-                shrink_order(r) = normal;
-                delete_glue_ref(q);
-                glue_ptr(p) = r;
-                q = r;
+                shrink_order(p) = normal;
             }
         }
-        cur_height = cur_height + prev_dp + width(q);
+        cur_height = cur_height + prev_dp + width(p);
         prev_dp = 0;
       NOT_FOUND:
         if (prev_dp > d) {
diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/postlinebreak.w b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/postlinebreak.w
index 43ceadcca28..fe11d76d0b1 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/postlinebreak.w
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/postlinebreak.w
@@ -163,10 +163,7 @@ void ext_post_line_break(int paragraph_dir,
                 while(q != null) {
                     if (type(q) == math_node) {
                         surround(q) = 0 ;
-                        if (glue_ptr(q) != zero_glue) {
-                            delete_glue_ref(glue_ptr(q));
-                            glue_ptr(q) = zero_glue;
-                        }
+                        reset_glue_to_zero(q);
                         break;
                     } else if ((type(q) == hlist_node) && (subtype(q) == indent_list)) {
                         /* go on */
@@ -202,16 +199,11 @@ void ext_post_line_break(int paragraph_dir,
         } else if (type(r) == math_node) {
             surround(r) = 0;
             /* begin mathskip code */
-            if (glue_ptr(r) != zero_glue) {
-                delete_glue_ref(glue_ptr(r));
-                glue_ptr(r) = zero_glue;
-            }
+            reset_glue_to_zero(r);
             /* end mathskip code */
         } else if (type(r) == glue_node) {
-            delete_glue_ref(glue_ptr(r));
-            glue_ptr(r) = right_skip;
+            copy_glue_values(r,right_skip);
             subtype(r) = right_skip_code + 1;
-            incr(glue_ref_count(right_skip));
             glue_break = true;
             /* |q| refers to the last node of the line */
             q = r;
@@ -357,9 +349,8 @@ void ext_post_line_break(int paragraph_dir,
            then we append |rightskip| after |q| now */
         if (!glue_break) {
             /* Put the \.{\\rightskip} glue after node |q|; */
-            halfword r1 = new_glue((right_skip == null ? null : copy_node(right_skip)));
-	    glue_ref_count(glue_ptr(r1)) = null;
-	    subtype(r1) = right_skip_code+1;
+            halfword r1 = new_glue((right_skip == null ? zero_glue : right_skip));
+            subtype(r1) = right_skip_code+1;
             try_couple_nodes(r1,vlink(q));
             delete_attribute_ref(node_attr(r1));
             node_attr(r1) = node_attr(q);
@@ -399,7 +390,7 @@ void ext_post_line_break(int paragraph_dir,
         }
         /*at this point |q| is the leftmost node; all discardable nodes have been discarded */
         if (protrude_chars > 0) {
-	    halfword p;
+            halfword p;
             p = q;
             p = find_protchar_left(p, false);   /* no more discardables */
             w = char_pw(p, left_side);
@@ -412,9 +403,8 @@ void ext_post_line_break(int paragraph_dir,
                 q = k;
             }
         }
-        if (left_skip != zero_glue) {
-            r = new_glue(copy_node(left_skip));
-            glue_ref_count(glue_ptr(r)) = null;
+        if (! glue_is_zero(left_skip)) {
+            r = new_glue(left_skip);
             subtype(r) = left_skip_code+1;
             delete_attribute_ref(node_attr(r));
             node_attr(r) = node_attr(q);
@@ -562,11 +552,7 @@ void ext_post_line_break(int paragraph_dir,
                 if (type(q) == math_node) {
                     /* begin mathskip code */
                     surround(q) = 0 ;
-                    if (glue_ptr(q) != zero_glue) {
-                        delete_glue_ref(glue_ptr(q));
-                        glue_ptr(q) = zero_glue;
-                        add_glue_ref(glue_ptr(q));
-                    }
+                    reset_glue_to_zero(q);
                     /* end mathskip code */
                 }
                 if (q == cur_break(cur_p)) {
diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/scanning.w b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/scanning.w
index 90499e8b4e5..907d25f5bac 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/scanning.w
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/scanning.w
@@ -139,10 +139,10 @@ int cur_val;                    /* value returned by numeric scanners */
 int cur_val1;                   /* delcodes are sometimes 51 digits */
 int cur_val_level;              /* the ``level'' of this value */
 
-#define scanned_result(A,B) do {		\
-	cur_val=A;				\
-	cur_val_level=B;			\
-    } while (0)
+#define scanned_result(A,B) do { \
+    cur_val=A; \
+    cur_val_level=B; \
+} while (0)
 
 @ When a |glue_val| changes to a |dimen_val|, we use the width component
 of the glue; there is no need to decrease the reference count, since it
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ static void downgrade_cur_val(boolean delete_glue)
         m = cur_val;
         cur_val = width(m);
         if (delete_glue)
-            delete_glue_ref(m);
+            flush_node(m);
     } else if (cur_val_level == mu_val_level) {
         mu_error();
     }
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ static void negate_cur_val(boolean delete_glue)
         m = cur_val;
         cur_val = new_spec(m);
         if (delete_glue)
-            delete_glue_ref(m);
+            flush_node(m);
         /* Negate all three glue components of |cur_val| */
         negate(width(cur_val));
         negate(stretch(cur_val));
@@ -215,9 +215,11 @@ static boolean short_scan_something_internal(int cmd, int chr, int level,
         break;
     case assign_glue_cmd:
         scanned_result(equiv(m), glue_val_level);
+// cur_val = new_spec(cur_val);
         break;
     case assign_mu_glue_cmd:
         scanned_result(equiv(m), mu_val_level);
+// cur_val = new_spec(cur_val);
         break;
     case math_style_cmd:
         scanned_result(m, int_val_level);
@@ -401,7 +403,7 @@ static boolean short_scan_something_internal(int cmd, int chr, int level,
                         cur_val = stretch(q);
                     else
                         cur_val = shrink(q);
-                    delete_glue_ref(q);
+                    flush_node(q);
                     break;
                 }               /* there are no other cases */
                 cur_val_level = dimen_val_level;
@@ -478,7 +480,7 @@ static boolean short_scan_something_internal(int cmd, int chr, int level,
                         cur_val = stretch_order(q);
                     else
                         cur_val = shrink_order(q);
-                    delete_glue_ref(q);
+                    flush_node(q);
                     break;
                 }               /* there are no other cases */
                 cur_val_level = int_val_level;
@@ -510,7 +512,7 @@ static boolean short_scan_something_internal(int cmd, int chr, int level,
                     break;
                 case lastskip_code:
                     if (type(cur_list.tail_field) == glue_node)
-                        cur_val = glue_ptr(cur_list.tail_field);
+                        cur_val = new_glue(cur_list.tail_field);
                     if (subtype(cur_list.tail_field) == mu_glue)
                         cur_val_level = mu_val_level;
                     break;
@@ -529,7 +531,7 @@ static boolean short_scan_something_internal(int cmd, int chr, int level,
                     break;
                 case lastskip_code:
                     if (last_glue != max_halfword)
-                        cur_val = last_glue;
+                        cur_val = last_glue; /* maybe new_glue */ 
                     break;
                 case last_node_type_code:
                     cur_val = last_node_type;
@@ -554,9 +556,8 @@ static boolean short_scan_something_internal(int cmd, int chr, int level,
          */
         if (negative) {
             negate_cur_val(false);
-        } else if ((cur_val_level >= glue_val_level)
-                   && (cur_val_level <= mu_val_level)) {
-            add_glue_ref(cur_val);
+        } else if ((cur_val_level >= glue_val_level) && (cur_val_level <= mu_val_level)) {
+			cur_val = new_glue(cur_val);
         }
     }
     return succeeded;
@@ -853,9 +854,8 @@ void scan_something_internal(int level, boolean negative)
          */
         if (negative) {
             negate_cur_val(false);
-        } else if ((cur_val_level >= glue_val_level) &&
-                   (cur_val_level <= mu_val_level)) {
-            add_glue_ref(cur_val);
+        } else if ((cur_val_level >= glue_val_level) && (cur_val_level <= mu_val_level)) {
+			cur_val = new_glue(cur_val);
         }
     }
 }
@@ -1103,7 +1103,7 @@ static void coerce_glue(void)
     int v;
     if (cur_val_level >= glue_val_level) {
         v = width(cur_val);
-        delete_glue_ref(cur_val);
+        flush_node(cur_val);
         cur_val = v;
     }
 }
@@ -1513,36 +1513,18 @@ void scan_glue(int level)
         Create a new glue specification whose width is |cur_val|; scan for its
         stretch and shrink components.
     */
-    /*
-        In several places there is a test for zero glue, for instance in protrusion
-        left/right node detection. In that case a \hskip\dimen<n> with the dimen being
-        zero will not be seen as zero glue. Therefore we delay the allocation of
-        glue till we know for sure that there are no fils involved. (!!)
-    */
-    if (cur_val != 0) { /* !! new test */
-        q = new_spec(zero_glue);
-        width(q) = cur_val;
-    }
+    q = new_spec(zero_glue);
+    width(q) = cur_val;
     if (scan_keyword("plus")) {
-        if (q == null) { /* !! new test */
-            q = new_spec(zero_glue);
-        }
         scan_dimen(mu, true, false);
         stretch(q) = cur_val;
         stretch_order(q) = (quarterword) cur_order;
     }
     if (scan_keyword("minus")) {
-        if (q == null) { /* !! new test */
-            q = new_spec(zero_glue);
-        }
         scan_dimen(mu, true, false);
         shrink(q) = cur_val;
         shrink_order(q) = (quarterword) cur_order;
     }
-    if (q == null) { /* !! new test */
-        q = zero_glue ;
-        add_glue_ref(zero_glue);
-    }
     cur_val = q;
 }
 
@@ -1698,11 +1680,11 @@ halfword the_toks(void)
             break;
         case glue_val_level:
             print_spec(cur_val, "pt");
-            delete_glue_ref(cur_val);
+            flush_node(cur_val);
             break;
         case mu_val_level:
             print_spec(cur_val, "mu");
-            delete_glue_ref(cur_val);
+            flush_node(cur_val);
             break;
         }                       /* there are no other cases */
         selector = old_setting;
@@ -1744,11 +1726,11 @@ str_number the_scanned_result(void)
             break;
         case glue_val_level:
             print_spec(cur_val, "pt");
-            delete_glue_ref(cur_val);
+            flush_node(cur_val);
             break;
         case mu_val_level:
             print_spec(cur_val, "mu");
-            delete_glue_ref(cur_val);
+            flush_node(cur_val);
             break;
         }                       /* there are no other cases */
         r = make_string();
@@ -2203,8 +2185,7 @@ typedef enum {
 @c
 #define glue_error(A) do { \
     arith_error=true; \
-    delete_glue_ref(A); \
-    A=new_spec(zero_glue); \
+    reset_glue_to_zero(A); \
 } while (0)
 
 #define normalize_glue(A) do { \
@@ -2510,9 +2491,11 @@ static void scan_expr(void)
            unless the next operator is a right parenthesis; this allows us later on
            to simply modify the glue components.
          */
+        t = f;
         if ((l >= glue_val_level) && (o != expr_none)) {
+	        /* do we really need to copy here ? */ 
             t = new_spec(f);
-            delete_glue_ref(f);
+            flush_node(f);
             normalize_glue(t);
         } else {
             t = f;
@@ -2588,7 +2571,7 @@ static void scan_expr(void)
                 shrink(e) = shrink(t);
                 shrink_order(e) = shrink_order(t);
             }
-            delete_glue_ref(t);
+            flush_node(t);
             normalize_glue(e);
         }
         r = o;
@@ -2617,9 +2600,7 @@ static void scan_expr(void)
               "since the result is out of range.");
         error();
         if (l >= glue_val_level) {
-            delete_glue_ref(e);
-            e = zero_glue;
-            add_glue_ref(e);
+            reset_glue_to_zero(e);
         } else {
             e = 0;
         }
diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/texmath.w b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/texmath.w
index 216d2364984..5067764fbf9 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/texmath.w
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/texmath.w
@@ -2454,9 +2454,8 @@ void after_math(void)
         }
         tail_append(new_math(math_surround, before));
         /* begin mathskip code */
-        if (math_skip != zero_glue) {
-            glue_ptr(tail) = math_skip;
-            add_glue_ref(math_skip);
+        if (! glue_is_zero(math_skip)) {
+            copy_glue_values(tail,math_skip);
         }
         /* end mathskip code */
         if (dir_math_save) {
@@ -2464,17 +2463,17 @@ void after_math(void)
         }
         run_mlist_to_hlist(p, (mode > 0), text_style);
         vlink(tail) = vlink(temp_head);
-        while (vlink(tail) != null)
+        while (vlink(tail) != null) {
             tail = vlink(tail);
+        }
         if (dir_math_save) {
             tail_append(new_dir(math_direction - dir_swap));
         }
         dir_math_save = false;
         tail_append(new_math(math_surround, after));
         /* begin mathskip code */
-        if (math_skip != zero_glue) {
-            glue_ptr(tail) = math_skip;
-            add_glue_ref(math_skip);
+        if (! glue_is_zero(math_skip)) {
+            copy_glue_values(tail,math_skip);
         }
         /* end mathskip code */
         space_factor = 1000;
diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/texnodes.h b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/texnodes.h
index 1f1a4e82964..0da84945184 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/texnodes.h
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/texnodes.h
@@ -68,8 +68,6 @@ extern void undump_node_mem(void);
 #  define rlink(a)      vlink((a)+1) /* aka alink() */
 #  define tlink(a)      vinfo((a)+1) /* overlaps with node_attr() */
 
-#  define add_glue_ref(a) glue_ref_count(a)++   /* new reference to a glue spec */
-
 /* really special head node pointers that only need links */
 
 #  define temp_node_size 2
@@ -106,15 +104,6 @@ extern void update_attribute_cache(void);
 extern halfword copy_attribute_list(halfword n);
 extern halfword do_set_attribute(halfword p, int i, int val);
 
-/* a glue spec */
-#  define glue_spec_size 4
-#  define stretch(a)        vlink((a)+1)
-/* width == a+2 */
-#  define shrink(a)         vinfo((a)+1)
-#  define stretch_order(a)  type((a)+3)
-#  define shrink_order(a)   subtype((a)+3)
-#  define glue_ref_count(a) vlink((a)+3)
-
 #  define width_offset 2
 #  define depth_offset 3
 #  define height_offset 4
@@ -138,11 +127,53 @@ typedef enum {
 #  define penalty_node_size    3
 #  define penalty(a)           vlink((a)+2)
 
+/*
 #  define glue_node_size       4
 #  define glue_ptr(a)          vinfo((a)+2)
 #  define leader_ptr(a)        vlink((a)+2)
 #  define synctex_tag_glue(a)  vinfo((a)+3)
 #  define synctex_line_glue(a) vlink((a)+3)
+*/
+
+#  define glue_node_size       7
+#  define glue_spec_size       5
+/* define width(a)             vinfo((a)+2) */
+/* define leader_ptr(a)        vlink((a)+2) */
+#  define shrink(a)            vinfo((a)+3)
+#  define stretch(a)           vlink((a)+3)
+#  define stretch_order(a)     vinfo((a)+4)
+#  define shrink_order(a)      vlink((a)+4)
+#  define leader_ptr(a)        vlink((a)+5) /* should be in vlink((a)+2) but fails */
+#  define synctex_tag_glue(a)  vinfo((a)+6)
+#  define synctex_line_glue(a) vlink((a)+6)
+
+#define glue_is_zero(p) \
+	((p == null) || (width(p) == 0 && stretch(p) == 0 && shrink(p) == 0))
+
+#define reset_glue_to_zero(p) \
+	if (p != null) { \
+	    width(p) = 0; \
+	    stretch(p) = 0; \
+	    shrink(p) = 0; \
+	    stretch_order(p) = 0; \
+	    shrink_order(p) = 0; \
+	}
+
+#define copy_glue_values(p,q) \
+	if (q == null) { \
+	    width(p) = 0; \
+	    stretch(p) = 0; \
+	    shrink(p) = 0; \
+	    stretch_order(p) = 0; \
+	    shrink_order(p) = 0; \
+	} else { \
+	    width(p) = width(q); \
+	    stretch(p) = stretch(q); \
+	    shrink(p) = shrink(q); \
+	    stretch_order(p) = stretch_order(q); \
+	    shrink_order(p) = shrink_order(q); \
+    }
+
 
 /*
     disc nodes could eventually be smaller, because the indirect
@@ -282,11 +313,17 @@ typedef enum {
 #  define before     0 /* |subtype| for math node that introduces a formula */
 #  define after      1 /* |subtype| for math node that winds up a formula */
 
-#  define math_node_size       4
-#  define surround(a)          vlink((a)+2)
-/* also:  glue_ptr(a)          vinfo((a)+2) */
-#  define synctex_tag_math(a)  vinfo((a)+3)
-#  define synctex_line_math(a) vlink((a)+3)
+#  define math_node_size       7
+/* define width(a)             vinfo((a)+2) */
+/* overlaps width */
+/* define shrink(a)            vinfo((a)+3) */
+/* define stretch(a)           vlink((a)+3) */
+/* define stretch_order(a)     vinfo((a)+4) */
+/* define shrink_order(a)      vlink((a)+4) */
+/* leader_ptr slot */
+#  define surround(a)          vinfo((a)+5)
+#  define synctex_tag_math(a)  vinfo((a)+6)
+#  define synctex_line_math(a) vlink((a)+6)
 
 #  define ins_node_size    6
 #  define float_cost(a)    varmem[(a)+2].cint
@@ -620,15 +657,13 @@ typedef enum {
 
 #  define special_node_size 3
 
-#  define dir_node_size 6
+#  define dir_node_size 5
 #  define dir_dir(a)       vinfo((a)+2)
 #  define dir_level(a)     vlink((a)+2)
-#  define dir_dvi_ptr(a)   vinfo((a)+3)
-#  define dir_dvi_h(a)     vlink((a)+3) /* obsolete */
-#  define dir_refpos_h(a)  vinfo((a)+4)
-#  define dir_refpos_v(a)  vlink((a)+4)
-#  define dir_cur_h(a)     vinfo((a)+5)
-#  define dir_cur_v(a)     vlink((a)+5)
+#  define dir_refpos_h(a)  vinfo((a)+3)
+#  define dir_refpos_v(a)  vlink((a)+3)
+#  define dir_cur_h(a)     vinfo((a)+4)
+#  define dir_cur_v(a)     vlink((a)+4)
 
 #  define write_node_size 3
 #  define close_node_size 3
@@ -910,10 +945,8 @@ typedef enum {
 #  define is_running(A) ((A)==null_flag)        /* tests for a running dimension */
 
 extern halfword tail_of_list(halfword p);
-extern void delete_glue_ref(halfword p);
 
 extern int var_used;
-extern halfword temp_ptr;
 
 #  define cache_disabled max_halfword
 
diff --git a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/texnodes.w b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/texnodes.w
index a201c6da714..77610988d95 100644
--- a/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/texnodes.w
+++ b/Build/source/texk/web2c/luatexdir/tex/texnodes.w
@@ -89,10 +89,10 @@ const char *node_fields_disc[] = {
     "attr", "pre", "post", "replace", "penalty", NULL
 };
 const char *node_fields_math[] = {
-    "attr", "surround", NULL
+    "attr", "surround", "width", "stretch", "shrink", "stretch_order", "shrink_order", NULL
 };
 const char *node_fields_glue[] = {
-    "attr", "spec", "leader", NULL
+    "attr", "leader", "width", "stretch", "shrink", "stretch_order", "shrink_order", NULL
 };
 const char *node_fields_kern[] = {
     "attr", "kern", "expansion_factor", NULL
@@ -112,7 +112,8 @@ const char *node_fields_glyph[] = {
     "xoffset", "yoffset", "width", "height", "depth", "expansion_factor", NULL
 };
 const char *node_fields_inserting[] = {
-    "height", "last_ins_ptr", "best_ins_ptr", NULL
+    "height", "last_ins_ptr", "best_ins_ptr",
+    "width", "stretch", "shrink", "stretch_order", "shrink_order", NULL
 };
 const char *node_fields_splitup[] = {
     "height", "last_ins_ptr", "best_ins_ptr", "broken_ptr", "broken_ins", NULL
@@ -121,8 +122,7 @@ const char *node_fields_attribute[] = {
     "number", "value", NULL
 };
 const char *node_fields_glue_spec[] = {
-    "width", "stretch", "shrink", "stretch_order", "shrink_order", "ref_count",
-   "writable", NULL
+    "width", "stretch", "shrink", "stretch_order", "shrink_order", NULL
 };
 const char *node_fields_attribute_list[] = {
     NULL
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ const char *node_fields_local_par[] = {
     "box_right", "box_right_width", NULL
 };
 const char *node_fields_dir[] = {
-    "attr", "dir", "level", "dvi_ptr", "dvi_h", NULL
+    "attr", "dir", "level", NULL
 };
 const char *node_fields_boundary[] = {
     "attr", "value", NULL
@@ -620,7 +620,6 @@ static int test_count = 1;
     } } while (0)
 
 #define check_action_ref(a)    { dorangetest(p,a,var_mem_max); }
-#define check_glue_ref(a)      { dorangetest(p,a,var_mem_max); }
 #define check_attribute_ref(a) { dorangetest(p,a,var_mem_max); }
 #define check_token_ref(a)     { confusion("fuzzy token cleanup in node"); }
 
@@ -1078,7 +1077,6 @@ halfword copy_node(const halfword p)
             copy_sub_list(lig_ptr(r),lig_ptr(p)) ;
             break;
         case glue_node:
-            add_glue_ref(glue_ptr(p));
             copy_sub_list(leader_ptr(r),leader_ptr(p)) ;
             break;
         case hlist_node:
@@ -1116,12 +1114,8 @@ halfword copy_node(const halfword p)
             }
             break;
         case math_node:
-            if (glue_ptr(p) != zero_glue) {
-                add_glue_ref(glue_ptr(p));
-            }
             break;
         case ins_node:
-            add_glue_ref(split_top_ptr(p));
             copy_sub_list(ins_ptr(r),ins_ptr(p)) ;
             break;
         case margin_kern_node:
@@ -1173,8 +1167,6 @@ halfword copy_node(const halfword p)
             copy_sub_node(right_delimiter(r),right_delimiter(p)) ;
             break;
         case glue_spec_node:
-            glue_ref_count(r) = null;
-            break;
         case dir_node:
         case local_par_node:
         case boundary_node:
@@ -1320,7 +1312,6 @@ void flush_node(halfword p)
             free_sub_list(lig_ptr(p));
             break;
         case glue_node:
-            delete_glue_ref(glue_ptr(p));
             free_sub_list(leader_ptr(p));
             break;
         case hlist_node:
@@ -1337,24 +1328,14 @@ void flush_node(halfword p)
         case rule_node:
         case kern_node:
         case penalty_node:
-            break;
         case math_node:
-            /* begin mathskip code */
-            if (glue_ptr(p) != zero_glue) {
-                delete_glue_ref(glue_ptr(p));
-            }
-            /* end mathskip code */
             break;
         case glue_spec_node:
             /* this allows free-ing of lua-allocated glue specs */
-            if (valid_node(p)) {
-                if (glue_ref_count(p)!=null) {
-                    decr(glue_ref_count(p));
-                } else {
-                    free_node(p, get_node_size(type(p), subtype(p)));
-                }
-            }
-            return ;
+//if (valid_node(p)) {
+//    free_node(p, subtype(p));
+//}
+//            return ;
             break ;
         case dir_node:
         case local_par_node:
@@ -1372,7 +1353,6 @@ void flush_node(halfword p)
             break;
         case ins_node:
             flush_node_list(ins_ptr(p));
-            delete_glue_ref(split_top_ptr(p));
             break;
         case margin_kern_node:
             flush_node(margin_char(p));
@@ -1579,7 +1559,6 @@ void check_node(halfword p)
             dorangetest(p, lig_ptr(p), var_mem_max);
             break;
         case glue_node:
-            check_glue_ref(glue_ptr(p));
             dorangetest(p, leader_ptr(p), var_mem_max);
             break;
         case hlist_node:
@@ -1590,7 +1569,6 @@ void check_node(halfword p)
             break;
         case ins_node:
             dorangetest(p, ins_ptr(p), var_mem_max);
-            check_glue_ref(split_top_ptr(p));
             break;
         case whatsit_node:
             w = subtype(p) ;
@@ -1606,11 +1584,6 @@ void check_node(halfword p)
             check_node(margin_char(p));
             break;
         case math_node:
-            /* begin mathskip code */
-            if (glue_ptr(p) != zero_glue) {
-                check_glue_ref(glue_ptr(p));
-            }
-            /* end mathskip code */
             break;
         case disc_node:
             dorangetest(p, vlink(pre_break(p)), var_mem_max);
@@ -1804,7 +1777,6 @@ void init_node_mem(int t)
     node_size(rover) = (t - rover);
     var_used = 0;
     /* initialize static glue specs */
-    glue_ref_count(zero_glue) = null + 1;
     width(zero_glue) = 0;
     type(zero_glue) = glue_spec_node;
     vlink(zero_glue) = null;
@@ -1812,7 +1784,6 @@ void init_node_mem(int t)
     stretch_order(zero_glue) = normal;
     shrink(zero_glue) = 0;
     shrink_order(zero_glue) = normal;
-    glue_ref_count(sfi_glue) = null + 1;
     width(sfi_glue) = 0;
     type(sfi_glue) = glue_spec_node;
     vlink(sfi_glue) = null;
@@ -1820,7 +1791,6 @@ void init_node_mem(int t)
     stretch_order(sfi_glue) = sfi;
     shrink(sfi_glue) = 0;
     shrink_order(sfi_glue) = normal;
-    glue_ref_count(fil_glue) = null + 1;
     width(fil_glue) = 0;
     type(fil_glue) = glue_spec_node;
     vlink(fil_glue) = null;
@@ -1828,7 +1798,6 @@ void init_node_mem(int t)
     stretch_order(fil_glue) = fil;
     shrink(fil_glue) = 0;
     shrink_order(fil_glue) = normal;
-    glue_ref_count(fill_glue) = null + 1;
     width(fill_glue) = 0;
     type(fill_glue) = glue_spec_node;
     vlink(fill_glue) = null;
@@ -1836,7 +1805,6 @@ void init_node_mem(int t)
     stretch_order(fill_glue) = fill;
     shrink(fill_glue) = 0;
     shrink_order(fill_glue) = normal;
-    glue_ref_count(ss_glue) = null + 1;
     width(ss_glue) = 0;
     type(ss_glue) = glue_spec_node;
     vlink(ss_glue) = null;
@@ -1844,7 +1812,6 @@ void init_node_mem(int t)
     stretch_order(ss_glue) = fil;
     shrink(ss_glue) = unity;
     shrink_order(ss_glue) = fil;
-    glue_ref_count(fil_neg_glue) = null + 1;
     width(fil_neg_glue) = 0;
     type(fil_neg_glue) = glue_spec_node;
     vlink(fil_neg_glue) = null;
@@ -2507,7 +2474,7 @@ void print_short_node_contents(halfword p)
             print_char('|');
             break;
         case glue_node:
-            if (glue_ptr(p) != zero_glue)
+            if (! glue_is_zero(p))
                 print_char(' ');
             break;
         case math_node:
@@ -3048,7 +3015,7 @@ void show_node_list(int p)
                         normal_warning("nodes","weird glue leader subtype ignored");
                     }
                     tprint("leaders ");
-                    print_spec(glue_ptr(p), NULL);
+                    print_spec(p, NULL);
                     node_list_display(leader_ptr(p));   /* recursive call */
                 } else {
                     tprint_esc("glue");
@@ -3070,9 +3037,9 @@ void show_node_list(int p)
                     if (subtype(p) != cond_math_glue) {
                         print_char(' ');
                         if (subtype(p) < cond_math_glue)
-                            print_spec(glue_ptr(p), NULL);
+                            print_spec(p, NULL);
                         else
-                            print_spec(glue_ptr(p), "mu");
+                            print_spec(p, "mu");
                     }
                 }
                 break;
@@ -3169,7 +3136,6 @@ void show_node_list(int p)
 @c
 pointer actual_box_width(pointer r, scaled base_width)
 {
-    pointer q;                               /* glue specification when calculating |pre_display_size| */
     scaled d;                                /* increment to |v| */
     scaled w = -max_dimen;                   /* calculated |size| */
     scaled v = shift_amount(r) + base_width; /* |w| plus possible glue amount */
@@ -3194,7 +3160,7 @@ pointer actual_box_width(pointer r, scaled base_width)
                 break;
             case math_node:
                 /* begin mathskip code */
-                if (glue_ptr(p) == zero_glue) {
+                if (glue_is_zero(p)) {
                     d = surround(p);
                     break;
                 } else {
@@ -3208,15 +3174,12 @@ pointer actual_box_width(pointer r, scaled base_width)
                    |pre_display_size|, since \TeX82 is supposed to make the same decisions on all
                    machines.
                  */
-                q = glue_ptr(p);
-                d = width(q);
+                d = width(p);
                 if (glue_sign(r) == stretching) {
-                    if ((glue_order(r) == stretch_order(q))
-                        && (stretch(q) != 0))
+                    if ((glue_order(r) == stretch_order(p)) && (stretch(p) != 0))
                         v = max_dimen;
                 } else if (glue_sign(r) == shrinking) {
-                    if ((glue_order(r) == shrink_order(q))
-                        && (shrink(q) != 0))
+                    if ((glue_order(r) == shrink_order(p)) && (shrink(p) != 0))
                         v = max_dimen;
                 }
                 if (subtype(p) >= a_leaders)
@@ -3252,26 +3215,10 @@ halfword tail_of_list(halfword p)
     return q;
 }
 
-@ |delete_glue_ref| is called when a pointer to a glue
-   specification is being withdrawn.
 
-@c
-void delete_glue_ref(halfword p)
-{   /* |p| points to a glue specification */
-    if (type(p) == glue_spec_node) {
-        if (glue_ref_count(p) == null) {
-          flush_node(p);
-        } else {
-          decr(glue_ref_count(p));
-        }
-    } else {
-        normal_error("nodes","invalid glue spec node");
-    }
-}
 
 @ @c
 int var_used;
-halfword temp_ptr;  /* a pointer variable for occasional emergency use */
 
 @ Attribute lists need two extra globals to increase processing efficiency.
 |max_used_attr| limits the test loop that checks for set attributes, and
@@ -3585,10 +3532,8 @@ to be exactly one reference to the new specification.
 
 @c
 halfword new_spec(halfword p)
-{                               /* duplicates a glue specification */
-    halfword q = copy_node(p);
-    glue_ref_count(q) = null;
-    return q;
+{
+    return copy_node(p == null ? zero_glue : p);
 }
 
 @ And here's a function that creates a glue node for a given parameter
@@ -3601,8 +3546,11 @@ halfword new_param_glue(int n)
 {
     halfword p = new_node(glue_node, n + 1);
     halfword q = glue_par(n);
-    glue_ptr(p) = q;
-    incr(glue_ref_count(q));
+    width(p) = width(q);
+    stretch(p) = stretch(q);
+    shrink(p) = shrink(q);
+    stretch_order(p) = stretch_order(q);
+    shrink_order(p) = shrink_order(q);
     return p;
 }
 
@@ -3613,8 +3561,11 @@ whose argument points to a glue specification.
 halfword new_glue(halfword q)
 {
     halfword p = new_node(glue_node, normal);
-    glue_ptr(p) = q;
-    incr(glue_ref_count(q));
+    width(p) = width(q);
+    stretch(p) = stretch(q);
+    shrink(p) = shrink(q);
+    stretch_order(p) = stretch_order(q);
+    shrink_order(p) = shrink_order(q);
     return p;
 }
 
@@ -3622,17 +3573,22 @@ halfword new_glue(halfword q)
 of |new_param_glue| and |new_glue|. It creates a glue node for one of
 the current glue parameters, but it makes a fresh copy of the glue
 specification, since that specification will probably be subject to change,
-while the parameter will stay put. The global variable |temp_ptr| is
-set to the address of the new spec.
+while the parameter will stay put.
+
+/*
+    The global variable |temp_ptr| is set to the address of the new spec.
+*/
 
 @c
 halfword new_skip_param(int n)
 {
-    halfword p;                 /* the new node */
-    temp_ptr = new_spec(glue_par(n));
-    p = new_glue(temp_ptr);
-    glue_ref_count(temp_ptr) = null;
-    subtype(p) = (quarterword) (n + 1);
+    halfword p = new_node(glue_node, n + 1);
+    halfword q = glue_par(n);
+    width(p) = width(q);
+    stretch(p) = stretch(q);
+    shrink(p) = shrink(q);
+    stretch_order(p) = stretch_order(q);
+    shrink_order(p) = shrink_order(q);
     return p;
 }