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%%% An item for Topical Tips
\title{Topical tip: Numbering theorems and corollaries in \LaTeX}
\newtheorem{prequestion}{Question}
\newtheorem{preanswer}{Answer}
\renewcommand{\thepreanswer}{}
\newenvironment{question}{\begin{prequestion}\rm}{\end{prequestion}}
%%%
%%% Dear Mr Editor, I should like the content of questions and answers
%%% to come out in what all copy-editors call ROMAN, not in what
%%% Frank Mittelbach calls roman. And this should be irrespective
%%% of the surrounding text.
%%%
\newenvironment{answer}{\begin{preanswer}\rm}{\end{preanswer}}
\author[R.~A.~Bailey]{R.~A.~Bailey\\Goldsmiths' College, University of London}
%%%
\newcommand{\latexword}[1]{{\ttfamily\fontshape{n}{#1}}}
%%% and the above should be in typewriter-ordinary IRRESPECTIVE of the
%%% surrounding fonts
%%%
\newcommand{\theoremheadfont}[1]{\textbf{#1}}
%%%
%%% editor: I have been as generic as I can, but of course you can't
%%% put \verb inside a \newcommand. I have consistently used + as the
%%% delimiter for \verb.
%%%
\newcommand{\lamport}{{\itshape \LaTeX: A Document Preparation System\/} by Leslie
Lamport}
\newcommand{\shortlamp}{{\itshape The Manual}}
\begin{Article}
\begin{question}
We Mathematicians can't use \LaTeX. We need to be able to choose how to label
our theorems. For example, I like to have my important theorems numbered in a
sequence Theorem~A, Theorem~B and so on,
and the less important theorems numbered
Theorem~1, Theorem~2 and so on. You can't do that in \LaTeX.
\label{sieb}
\end{question}
\begin{answer}
Oh yes you can, and using nothing more than you can find in
\lamport, hereafter called \shortlamp.
Pages 58--59 of \shortlamp\ show how to set up a simple theorem environment.
The command
\begin{verbatim}
\newtheorem{thm}{Theorem}
\end{verbatim}
creates an environment called \latexword{thm}. Then each use of this
environment produces something whose heading is \theoremheadfont{Theorem}. It
is true that these theorems are numbered 1, 2,~3, etc. To obtain something
numbered A, B,~C, etc., use the numbering commands given on page~92 of
\shortlamp. Thus
\begin{verbatim}
\newtheorem{main}{Theorem}
\renewcommand{\themain}{\Alph{main}}
\end{verbatim}
creates an environment called \latexword{main} whose heading is also
\theoremheadfont{Theorem} but whose instances are numbered A, B, \ldots.
Cross-references work correctly too: if you label the third
\latexword{main} with
\verb+\label{mmm}+
and refer to it with \verb+Theorem~\ref{mmm}+ then it will be called
Theorem~C.
\end{answer}
\begin{question}
Journal editors are so fussy. They all want me to number my corollaries in
different ways. The first wants corollaries numbered in the same sequence as
theorems; the second wants them numbered in a separate sequence of their own;
the third wants the corollaries after Theorem~7 to be numbered Corollary~7.1,
Corollary~7.2, etc.; while the fourth also wants the corollaries to start
renumbering after each theorem, but wants the corollaries after Theorem~7 to be
numbered Corollary~1, Corollary~2 etc. How do I do all of this?
\end{question}
\begin{answer}
It is not hard to do these things, because \LaTeX\ is provided with the
\latexword{newtheorem} command. I shall assume that you have defined an
environment \latexword{thm} as in the answer to Question~\ref{sieb}. The
instructions on pages~58--59 of \shortlamp\ show us how to satisfy the first
three editors. For the first, put
\begin{verbatim}
\newtheorem{cor}[thm]{Corollary}
\end{verbatim}
and you will get an environment called \latexword{cor} whose instances are
called \theoremheadfont{Corollary} numbered in the same sequence as the
theorems. For the second, put
\begin{verbatim}
\newtheorem{cor}{Corollary}
\end{verbatim}
and for the third put
\begin{verbatim}
\newtheorem{cor}{Corollary}[thm]
\end{verbatim}
For the fourth editor, we need the extra information from page~92. The third
command above makes the \latexword{cor} counter start again after each
\latexword{thm}, but it causes the Corollary number to be printed as, say, 7.1
rather than~1. We can cure this by putting
\begin{verbatim}
\newtheorem{cor}{Corollary}[thm]
\renewcommand{\thecor}{\arabic{cor}}
\end{verbatim}
In each of the four cases you get an environment called \latexword{cor}
whose instances are
called \theoremheadfont{Corollary}.
Only the system of numbering is different.
You should now be able to work out how to make the corollaries after Theorem~5
come out as Corollary~5a, Corollary~5b, and so on.
\end{answer}
\end{Article}
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