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   Volume 4                                                        Number 3
 
                     A Mostly Unofficial Publication for
                     Users of the TeX Typesetting System
 
 
 
Contents
 
Departments
  \headline{}........................................................2
  \footnote{}........................................................3
  ToolBox............................................................4
Features
  Reader's Survey Results............................................7
  Frequently Asked Questions.........................................9
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TeXMaG Volume 4 Number 3                                       page 2
_______________________________________________________________________________
|                                                                             |
|                  \headline{TeX 3.0 not entirely bug-free!}                  |
|_____________________________________________________________________________|
 
 
by Chris Thompson
 
In the current state of software technology, no useful program is ever
free from bugs, even if it is written by Donald Knuth. When people
stop finding bugs in TeX, it could only mean everyone has stopped
using TeX! Here is an error I discovered that was introduced in
TeX 2.992 (the `beta release' of TeX 3.0) and is still present. We
have not received an official bug number for it yet. Although most
people will probably never encounter it, the effects if they do can be
rather alarming.
 
The bug bites when you try to typeset a character from \nullfont. You
may think you would never do such a thing, even by accident, but bear
in mind that if a \font command fails (because of a non-existent or
malformed TFM file, for example), then the control sequence it would
have defined is set equal to \nullfont instead. When you try to
typeset a character, random parts of store are interpreted as though
they were a kern-ligature program.  The consequences,  which will
vary between implementations,  can include random-sized (sometimes
ridiculously large) kerns, and `ligatures' notionally from \nullfont
that actually get output into the DVI file. These may cause your DVI
drivers to collapse: they certainly give DVItype severe indigestion.
 
If you can regenerate your TeX system from source, the following
addition to the change file will fix the problem:
 
    @x section 552
    font_bc[null_font]:=1; font_ec[null_font]:=0;
    @y
    font_bc[null_font]:=1; font_ec[null_font]:=0;
    bchar_label[null_font]:=non_address;
    font_bchar[null_font]:=non_char;
    font_false_bchar[null_font]:=non_char;
    @z
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TeXMaG  Volume 4, Number 3                                      page 3
_______________________________________________________________________________
|                                                                             |
|                   \footnote{Of Banners and Table Macros}                    |
|_____________________________________________________________________________|
 
Well, you will notice that the banner is a bit different this month,
and we ended up using ideas that people sent in to create the current
banner. While the reader survey had strong results, the banner contest
didn't generate as much interest. I can only assume that most of you
are indifferent as far as an aesthetically pleasing banner goes, which
is fine with me.
 
Special thanks to Michael Barr for his banner idea. If any banner won,
his did. We based the new banner primarily on his format (only he
wanted to see greek letters in the title!).
 
The S-Tables Macros I promised in the last issue will probably have to
wait one more month due to the author's summer leave. Sorry to get
your hopes up. But, as far as I can tell there should be no problem
with them being here next month.
 
-ed.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TeXMaG  Volume 4, Number 3                                      page 4
_______________________________________________________________________________
|                                                                             |
|                                The ToolBox                                  |
|_____________________________________________________________________________|
 
Typesetting Double Columns
 
One of the things that seems most frustrating about TeX is the
difficulty of formatting text in double columns. There is a good macro
on page 257 in the TeXBook that will output double columns. I have
taken this macro and made a few additions to it, namely, the ability
to make a headline, section and subsection divisions, and various
rules throughout. See the internal documentation to remove the
vertical ruling.
 
You can modify the section headings because the current format is
rather specific to a particular application. The section macro
accepts two parameters: a section title and a section subtitle,
the former in bold, the latter in bold italic. I was using them in
the following manner:
 
The Civil War    <---- first parameter (bold)
(1861-1865)      <---- second parameter (bold italic)
 
as it would appear in the document or
 
\section{The Civil War}(1861-1865)
 
as it would appear in the TeX file.
 
One more thing to note is that you MUST give it a title. Use
\title{} with the title in the braces.
 
Limitations? Well, switching between one and two columns isn't allowed,
nor does it balance columns on an ending page. Anyone with double
column macros that allow for these features are encouraged to submit
them for everyone's use!
 
 
(macro follows)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                               page 5
______________________________________________________________________
 
% DBLE.TEX
% Double Column Macro based on p. 257 of the TeXBook
% with some additions and insertions by
% Neil Burleson  (NABTEXM@TAMVENUS.bitnet)
%
%  define fonts
%
\font\sectionfont=cmbx10 scaled\magstep1
\font\itfont=cmbxsl10 scaled\magstep1
\font\subsectionfont=cmsl10
\font\titlefont=cmbx10 scaled\magstep3
\font\textfont=cmr10
%
% define a bullet
%
\def\bull{\vrule height.9ex width .8ex depth -.1ex}
\parskip=10pt plus .1pt
%
% main double column stuff -- I put a vrule in the definition of
% \doubleformat. It goes between columns.
% Simply insert a % before the \vrule if you don't like it.
%
\newdimen\fullhsize
\fullhsize=6.5in \hsize=3.15in
\vsize=8.5in\voffset=17.5pt
\def\fullline{\hbox to \fullhsize}
\let\lr=L \newbox\leftcolumn
\output={\if L\lr
    \global\setbox\leftcolumn=\columnbox \global\let\lr=R
  \else \doubleformat \global\let\lr=L\fi
  \ifnum\outputpenalty>-20000\else\dosupereject\fi}
\def\doubleformat{\shipout\vbox{\makeheadline%
    \fullline{\box\leftcolumn\hfil\vrule height\vsize width .05em\hfil%
    \columnbox}\makefootline}
  \advancepageno}
\def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}}
\def\goodbye{\vfill\supereject\if R\lr\null\vfill\eject\fi\vfill\supereject\end}
%
% This is for a headline...a title goes on the first page. You
% must include \def\title{} in your document.
%
\def\makeheadline{\ifnum \pageno=1
       \vbox to 0pt{\vskip-32.5pt
    \fullline{\vbox to8.5pt{}\vbox{\hrule height.3pt width\fullhsize\smallskip
           \hbox to \fullhsize{\hss\titlefont\maintitle\hss}
           \smallskip\hrule height.3pt width\fullhsize\medskip}}\vss}
           \nointerlineskip
      \else \fullline{\hfill} \fi}
\def\makefootline{\baselineskip=24pt \fullline{\the\footline}}
%
% Section and subsection stuff. I like it, but it shouldn't
% be much trouble to modify (and you don't have to use it
% at all!)
%
\def\section#1(#2){\goodbreak\bigskip\goodbreak\hrule height .2pt depth.1pt
        \smallskip\leftline{\sectionfont #1}\leftline{\itfont (#2)}\smallskip
        \hrule height .2pt depth0.1pt\medskip}
\def\subsection#1{\goodbreak\medskip\goodbreak
        \leftline{\bull\ \subsectionfont #1}}
\def\title#1{\def\maintitle{{#1}}}
%
% end of DBLE.TEX
<cut here>------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                               page 6
______________________________________________________________________
 
GUILLEMETS.STY
 
And for LaTeX, J"org Knappen has provided us with a GUILLEMETS.STY
file for guillemets quotes.
 
(macro follows)
 
% GUILLEMETS.STY by J\"org Knappen, BITNET knappen@dmznat51
% Version 14. Juli 1990
\def\foq{{\ly(}}                 % <
\def\fcq{{\ly)}}                 % >
\def\foqq{{\ly(\kern-.166em(}}   % <<
\def\fcqq{{\ly)\kern-.166em)}}   % >>
\endinput
 
This style option defines guillemets (french/ spanish/ russian/ ...)
quotes under LaTeX. (Plain TeX is *not* supported). They are working
in all sizes.
 
Commands for end users
\foq  french opening quote   <
\fcq  french closing quote   >
\foqq french opening quotes  <<
\fcqq french closing quotes  >>
 
Version history:
14. juli 1990 : Added some comments
Created 13. Juli 1990
 
J"org Knappen, BITNET knappen@dmznat51
Institut f"ur Kernphysik
Saarstra"se 23
D- 6500 Mainz
% END of GUILLEMETS.STY
 
<cut here>-------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TeXMaG  Volume 4, Number 3                                      page 7
_______________________________________________________________________________
|                                                                             |
|                          Reader's Survey Results                            |
|_____________________________________________________________________________|
 
by Neil Burleson
 
I was happy to see a fairly strong turn out on the Reader Surveys.
Over 140 people responded figuring to be about an 8% response.
 
TeX is being used on a wide variety of systems (with a vast array of
output devices). PC's were the big winners with 29%. Unix/SUN and VMS
were a close second and third with Unix/SUN at 22% and VMS at 21%. VM
users stand at 8%, Macintosh users at 7%, Atari users 5%, and Amiga
people at 1.5%. There were 5% of the respondents using something other
than any of the above.
 
65% of you are using TeX version 2.9x, 22% have gotten around to
upgrading to TeX 3.0, 9% are using something older (2.0 or 2.1 were
most common), and 5% didn't know what version they were using.
 
As far as other TeX publications people read (and this was one of the
most important questions), 77% read TeXHAX, 46% read TUGboat, and no
substantial percentage read much else. UKTeX, comp.text.tex, and
TeXline were the other publications read. Incidentally, many of you
asked what TeXline was. TeXline is a publication sent through "real"
mail from Malcolm Clark in the UK.
 
The next question, I soon realized, was ridiculously pointless.
I asked what would you like to see in the coming year, and nearly
everyone checked nearly everything. And there was not one thing
that, as a whole, people wanted to see more than another.
 
The discussion questions and comment section proved to be the most
helpful, and I had time to sit down and read everyone's comments and
consider them. But again, there was a wide variety of sentiment from
different corners of the TeX world. Some people said ``I hate all
these obscure TeX Macros!!'' while others would say just as pointedly,
``The thing I like the most about TeXMaG are all these obscure TeX
Macros!!'' Some people said they wished TeXMaG talked a lot less about
LaTeX, and an equal number said how much they enjoyed all the LaTeX
stuff.
 
There was, however, a large desire to see beginning articles on TeX,
LaTeX, and Metafont. In fact, there were many who wanted to know how
to use Metafont to create fonts for their particular printer if they
already had the Metafont code. Many people wanted to see an article on
how to build their own style files and macros, as well as articles on
graphics. Other requests included book reviews, microcomputer applica-
tions, a virtual font article, in-depth variety, tips for those
maintaining an installation, a humor column, and a yearly index of
articles. Whew!
 
And people had complaints, too. 25% of the respondents mentioned
something about the infrequent publication. A lot of people also said
they could care less about a lot of the conference talk (especially
localized ones, and ones that were already come and gone). There were
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                               page 8
______________________________________________________________________
 
a couple of comments about the typos in the last issue (sorry folks!),
and a few people wished that we would keep our page length limited to
66 lines. This is easy to do with regular text, but with long macros I
am not convinced that they should be broken up. We will do our best.
 
Only 6 or 7 people agreed that they got repeated information in TeXMaG.
A few others thought at times that they did. And some said that it
was not important because many people 1) do not catch things the first
time around or 2) only receive TeXMaG.
 
Thanks to everyone who returned a survey for their time and comments.
They proved to be very helpful and gave us many ideas for future
direction and articles. Remember, we are always happy to receive your
article ideas and comments, and are always pleased with macros AND
articles that you would like to submit. Please! Keep in touch!
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TeXMaG  Volume 4, Number 3                                      page 9
_______________________________________________________________________________
|                                                                             |
|                        Frequently Asked Questions                           |
|_____________________________________________________________________________|
 
[Some folks said in the surveys that they would like to see a list of
frequently asked questions. Well, this article happened to come across
the network and I thought I would pass it on to the rest of you. -ed]
 
by Bobby Bodenheimer
 
This article includes answers to:
 
  1) Where can I get a DVI to PostScript conversion program?
  2) How can I include a PostScript figure in LaTeX?
  3) Where can I find a DVI previewer for machine Y running Q?
  4) Where can I get the manual for PiCTeX?
  5) What is VorTeX and where can I get it?
  6) What is OzTeX and where can I get it?
  7) What is Fig and where can I get it?
  8) How do I get WEB for C or FORTRAN?
  9) How can I typeset music in TeX?
  10) What is TUG and TUGboat?
  11) How do I convert Adobe's afm files to tfm format?
  12) In LaTeX, how do I get a double-spaced document?
  13) In LaTeX, how do I include a file in the verbatim environment?
  14) In LaTeX, how do I do Y?
  15) Where can I find a LaTeX style file for doing Y?
  16) How do I generate an index in TeX/LaTeX?
  17) How do I get METAFONT to do what I want it to do?
  18) Where do I get TeX/LaTeX for machine Y running Q?
  19) What is the Clarkson archive server?
  20) Where can I get a thesis style for LaTeX?
  21) How do I get symbols for "the real numbers", "the complex numbers",
      and so on?
  22) How do I get TeX material if I do not have access to anonymous
      ftp?
  23) How do I use PostScript fonts with LaTeX?
 
 
Many of the answers below tell you that you can obtain something
through anonymous ftp. Remember that anonymous ftp is a privilege
and that the system administrators for these sites have made these
files available out of their own generosity. Therefore please restrict
your ftp'ing to non-prime hours at the various sites.
 
I would like to acknowledge Don Hosek, Ken Yap, Tomas Rokicki, and
Micah Beck, whose postings provided many of the answers. Joe Weening,
Hal Perkins, Walter Carlip, Max Hailpern, Tad Guy, Raymond Chen, Henning
Schulzrinne, and Sebastian Rahtz provided additional material and
criticisms. The format of this document is based on that of the Frequently
Asked Questions appearing in comp.unix.wizards, and written by Steve
Hayman. Any mistakes are mine. Corrections, suggestions, and additions to
bobby@hot.caltech.edu.
 
This is version 1.6, last changed 7/10/90.
 
1) Where can I get a DVI to PostScript conversion program?
 
   Four very nice DVI to PostScript conversion programs that run
   under Unix are:
     dvitps - part of the TeXPS package by Stephan von Bechtolsheim.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                               page 10
______________________________________________________________________
 
       Available via anonymous ftp from arthur.cs.purdue.edu
       (128.10.2.1) in ./pub/TeXPS.
     dvi3ps - by Kevin Coombes. Available via anonymous ftp
       from tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (128.146.8.60) in
       ./pub/dvi3ps.tar.Z
     dvips - by Tomas Rokicki. This driver (in version 5.0 and later)
       has the ability to deal with the virtual fonts of TeX 3.0.
       Version 4.21 is for versions of TeX before 3.0 (or 2.995).
       Available via anonymous ftp from labrea.stanford.edu
       (36.8.0.47) in ./pub.
     dvitops - by James Clark. Available via anonymous ftp from
       june.cs.washington.edu (128.95.1.4) in ./tex/dvitops.tar.Z
 
   Of the above drivers, dvitops will compile under Unix, MSDOS, VMS,
   and Primos, and dvips will probably port very easily. The first
   two programs would be difficult to port to something other than
   Unix.
 
2) How can I include a PostScript figure in LaTeX?
 
   Perhaps the best way to do this is to use the psfig macros written
   by Trevor Darrell. They are available via anonymous ftp from
   whitechapel.media.mit.edu (18.85.0.124) in ./psfig or
   linc.cis.upenn.edu (130.91.6.8) in the directory ./dist/psfig. You
   will also need a dvi to PostScript conversion program that supports
   \specials. The ones mentioned in question 1 do, and the first two
   drivers come with a version of psfig ready to use with them. The psfig
   macros work best with Encapsulated PostScript Files (EPS). In
   particular, psfig will need the file to have a BoundingBox (see
   Appendix C of the _PostScript Language Reference Manual_). If you
   don't have an EPS file, life can be difficult.
 
 
3) Where can I find a DVI previewer for machine Y running Q?
 
   This briefly lists some previewers which are available via anonymous
   ftp:
      dvipage - For SunView. Available via anonymous ftp from
        june.cs.washington.edu (128.95.1.4) in ./tex/dvipages.tar.Z.
      xtex - For X Windows. Available via anonymous ftp from
        expo.lcs.mit.edu (18.30.0.212) in ./contrib/SeeTeX-2.15.tar.Z.
      dviapollo- for Apollo Domain. Available via anonymous ftp from
        june.cs.washington.edu in ./tex/dviapollo.tar.Z.
      dviis - For Integrated Systems. Available via anonymous ftp from
        june.cs.washington.edu in ./tex/dviis.tar.Z.
      dvidis - For VAXstation VWS. Available via anonymous ftp from
        venus.ycc.yale.edu (130.132.1.5) in [.dvidis] (VMS machine).
      xdvi - Also for X Windows. Available via anonymous ftp from
        expo.lcs.mit.edu in ./contrib/xdvi.shar.Z and
        ./contrib/xdvi.patch7.Z
 
4) Where can I get the manual for PiCTeX?
 
   The PiCTeX manual is not free. It is available for $35 from the
   TeX Users Group:
                     TeX Users Group
                     P. O. Box 9506
                     Providence, RI 02940 (USA)
                     401-751-7760
                     tug@math.ams.com
 
                                                               page 11
______________________________________________________________________
 
   The proceeds from this sale go to Michael Wichura, the author of
   PiCTeX, and TUG.
 
5) What is VorTeX and where can I get it?
 
   VorTeX is a package of programs written at the University of
   California. It includes several nice previewers and some Emacs
   modes for TeX and BibTeX. It is not free. Inquiries should be
   directed to vortex@ucbarpa.berkely.edu or
        Professor Michael A. Harrison
        Att. Vortex Dist.
        Computer Science Division
        University of California
        Berkeley, CA 94720
 
6) What is OzTeX and where can I get it?
 
   OzTeX is a public domain version of TeX for the Macintosh. It was
   written by Andrew Trevorrow, and is available via anonymous ftp
   from watmsg.waterloo.edu (129.97.129.9) in ./pub/oztex. The most
   recent version is 1.2. It is also available from midway.uchicago.edu
   (128.135.12.73) in ./pub/OzTeX, which contains other public
   domain TeX-related software for the Mac as well. Questions about
   OzTeX may be directed to oztex@midway.uchicago.edu.
 
7) What is Fig and where can I get it?
 
   Fig is a menu driven tool similar to MacDraw that allows you to
   draw objects on the screen of a Sun Workstation running SunView.
   TransFig is a set of tools which translate the code fig produces
   to other graphics languages including PostScript and the LaTeX
   picture environment. Both are available via anonymous ftp from
   svax.cs.cornell.edu (128.84.254.2) in ./pub/fig. Both Fig and
   TransFig are also available from the Clarkson archive server at
   sun.soe.clarkson.edu (see question 19). Both Fig and TransFig
   are supported by Micah Beck (beck@svax.cs.cornell.edu).
 
   XFig is essentially the same program except that it runs under
   X Windows. It is available via anonymous ftp from expo.lcs.mit.edu
   (18.30.0.22) in ./contrib/xfig-2.0.*.Z. Note that version 2.0 is
   the most recent. It was written by Brian Smith.
 
   For complete compatibility with TransFig, be sure to get at least
   patchlevel 4 of XFig 2.0.
 
8) How do I get WEB for C or FORTRAN?
 
   There is a version of WEB for C called CWEB written by Silvio Levy. It
   is available via anonymous ftp from princeton.edu (128.112.128.1) in
   the directory ./pub/cweb.
 
   There is a version of WEB called Spidery WEB which supports many
   languages including ADA, awk, and C. It was written by Norman Ramsey
   and, while not in the public domain, is usable free for research
   purposes. It is available via anonymous ftp from princeton.edu in
   ./pub/spiderweb.tar.Z.
 
   There is a versions of WEB call FWEB for Fortran, Ratfor, and C
   written by John Krommes (krommes@ss01.pppl.gov). Version 1.12 will be
   available soon via anonymous ftp from ss01.pppl.gov (192.55.106.110).
   Look for the announcement in TeXhax.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                               page 12
______________________________________________________________________
 
9) How can I typeset music in TeX?
 
   A package called MuTeX, written by Andrea Steinbach and Angelika
   Schofer, aids in doing this. It is available via anonymous ftp from
   sol.cs.ruu.nl (131.211.80.5) in pub/TEX/mtex.tar.Z
 
10) What is TUG and TUGboat?
 
    TUG is the TeX User's Group. TUGboat is their newsletter, which
    publishes useful articles about TeX and METAFONT. Inquiries should
    be directed to:
                  TeX Users Group
                  P. O. Box 9506
                  Providence, RI 02940 (USA)
                  401-751-7760
                  tug@math.ams.com
 
11) How do I convert Adobe's afm files to tfm format?
 
    Use the afm2tfm program distributed with dvips, available via
    anonymous ftp from labrea.stanford.edu (36.8.0.47) in ./pub. If
    you are using a pre-VF version of TeX, get dvips4.21; if you are
    using a version of TeX that understands virtual fonts, get
    dvips5.02 (or later).
 
12) In LaTeX, how do I get a double-spaced document?
 
    One way is to change the value of \baselinestretch to 2 or 1.5 with
    the command \renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{2}. A better way is to
    use the doublespace style file doublespace.sty in ./pub/latex-style
    from sun.soe.clarkson.edu (see question 19).
 
13) In LaTeX, how do I include a file in the verbatim environment?
 
    A good way to do this is to use the alltt environment defined in
    the style file alltt.sty available in ./pub/latex-style from
    sun.soe.clarkson.edu (see question 19).
 
14) In LaTeX, how do I do Y?
 
    If you can't figure out how to do something in LaTeX after you
    have read the manual very carefully, asked your local LaTeX
    guru, and thought about it, there is a LaTeX help service
    available (more information is periodically posted about this
    by Don Hosek). Please note that the way to accomplish something
    in LaTeX is often by using an appropriate style file, so please
    check this also (see question 15). If none of this works, send mail
    describing your problem to latex-help@sumex-aim.stanford.edu.
 
15) Where can I find a LaTeX style file for doing Y?
 
    Before you ask for a LaTeX style file to do something, please check
    the latex style collection at sun.soe.clarkson.edu, either through
    the archive server or via anonymous ftp (see question 19).
 
16) How do I generate an index in TeX/LaTeX?
 
    Making an index is not trivial. There are several indexing programs
    which aid in doing this. Some are:
      makeindex - for LaTeX under Unix (but may run on other machines
         without changes). Available via anonymous ftp from
         ymir.claremont.edu (134.173.4.23, VMS) in the directory
         [.tex.utilities.makeindex]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                               page 13
______________________________________________________________________
 
      idxtex - for LaTeX under VMS. Available via anonymous ftp from
         ymir.claremont.edu in the directory [.tex.utilities.idxtex].
      texix - for TeX on CMS and MacIntosh machines. Available via
         anonymous ftp from ymir.claremont.edu in the directory
         [.tex.utilities.texix].
 
17) How do I get METAFONT to do what I want it to do?
 
    METAFONT allows you to create your own fonts, and ordinary TeX users
    will never need to use it. METAFONT, unlike TeX, requires some
    customization. Each output device for which you will be generating
    fonts needs a mode associated with it. Modes are defined using the
    mode_def convention described on page 94 of _The METAFONTbook_. So
    first create a file, which we will call local.mf, containing all the
    mode_defs you will be using. The file waits.mf (in the standard
    distribution or available via anonymous ftp from labrea.stanford.edu
    (36.8.0.47) in ./lib) is a good starting point for this. Listings of
    settings for various output devices are also published periodically
    in TUGboat (see question 10). Now create a plain base file using
    inimf, plain.mf, and local.mf:
       % inimf
       This is METAFONT....
       **plain                 # you type plain
       (output)
       *input local            # you type this
       (output)
       *dump                   # you type this
       Beginning to dump on file plain....
       (output)
       %
    This should create a base file named plain.base (or something close)
    and should be moved to the directory which contains the base files on
    your system.
 
    Now we need to make sure that METAFONT loads this base when it starts
    up. If METAFONT loads the plain base by default on your system, then
    you're ready to go. Under Unix, we might, for instance define a
    command mf which executes "virmf &plain," loading the plain base
    file.
 
    The usual way to create a font with plain METAFONT is to then start
    it with the line
       \mode=<mode name>; mag=<magnification>; input <font file name>
    in response to the * prompt or on the METAFONT command line. If
    <mode name> is unknown or omitted, then the mode defaults to proof
    mode. If this has happened METAFONT will produce an output file
    called <font file name>.2602gf. The <magnification> is a floating
    point number or magstep (magsteps are defined in _The METAFONTbook_
    and _The TeXbook_). If mag=<magnification> is omitted, then the
    default is 1. For example, to generate cmr10 at 12pt for an epson
    printer you would type
       mf \mode=epson; mag=1.2; input cmr10
    Note that under Unix the '\' and ';' characters must usually be
    escaped, so that this would typically look something like
       mf \\mode=epson\; mag=1.2\; input cmr10
 
    If you don't have inimf or need a special mode that isn't in the
    base, you can put its commands in a file (e.g., ln03.mf) and invoke
    it on the fly with the \smode command. For example, to create
    ln03.300gf for an LN03 printer, using the file
        % This is ln03.mf as of 2/27/90
        % mode_def courtesy of John Sauter
        proofing:=0;
        fontmaking:=1;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                               page 14
______________________________________________________________________
 
        tracingtitles:=0;
        pixels_per_inch:=300;
        blacker:=0.65;
        fillin:=-0.1;
        o_correction:=.5;
    (note the absence of the mode_def and enddef commands), we would type
       mf \smode="ln03"; input cmr10
 
18) Where do I get TeX/LaTeX for machine Y running Q?
 
    Unix - The Unix TeX distribution is available for anonymous
       ftp from labrea.stanford.edu (36.8.0.47) in the directory
       ./tex/unix. It is large, so please be sure to observe proper
       ftp etiquette when getting it. It is also available through
       the University of Washington, for a small fee. Contact:
                  Director
                  Northwest Computer Support Group
                  University of Washington
                  Mail Stop DW-10
                  Seattle, WA 98195 (USA)
                  (206)543-6259
       or send electronic mail to Elizabeth Tachikawa at
       elizabet@max.acs.washington.edu. The fee charged for getting
       the TeX distribution through the University of Washington helps
       fund the further development of Unix TeX, so it's a good idea to
       order it this way.
 
    PC - A TeX package for the PC, including LaTeX, BibTeX, previewers,
       and drivers is available via anonymous ftp from
       eedsp.gatech.edu (128.61.2.1) in ./pub/TeX. The variety here is
       sbtex version 30 by Wayne Sullivan. EmTeX, another TeX package
       for the PC by Eberhard Mattes, is available via anonymous ftp from
       terminator.cc.umich.edu (35.1.33.8) in ./msdos/text-mgmt/TeX/emtex
       and from rusmv1.rus.uni-stuttgart.de (129.69.1.12) (user:ftp,
       password: guest) in ./soft/tex/emtex. This package includes LaTeX,
       METAFONT, BibTex, etc., as well. All the documentation for emtex
       is in German, although the Aston archive (see question 22) has
       much of it in English. TeX for the PC is also available through
                  Jon Radel
                  P. O. Box 2276
                  Reston, VA 22090
       Send a self-addressed stamped envelope to obtain information
       on what's available.
 
    Mac - see question 6 for a public domain version.
 
    TOPS-20 - TeX was originally written on a DEC-10 under WAITS, and so
        was easily ported to TOPS-20. A Distribution that runs on TOPS-20
        is available via anonymous ftp from science.utah.edu
        (128.110.192.2) in aps:<tex> (this is a TOPS-20 machine).
 
    VAX/VMS - VMS executables are available via anonymous ftp from
        ymir.claremont.edu (134.173.4.23) in [.tex.exe]. Source is
        available in [.tex.sources]. Version 3.0 is available in
        [.tex.sources.tex3_0]. Ymir has a mailserver for those without
        ftp access. Send a message containing the line "help" to
        mailserv@ymir.claremont.edu.
 
    Atari - TeX is available for the Atari ST from dsrgsun.ces.cwru.edu
        (129.22.16.2) in ./pub/atari/StTeX.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                               page 15
______________________________________________________________________
 
    Amiga - Disk 1 of the Amiga CommonTeX distribution is available
         via anonymous ftp from xanth.cs.odu.edu (128.82.8.1)
         in ./pub/commontex.zoo. This file is in zoo format so you may
         need to get zoo to uncompress it: The Unix zoo distribution is
         in ./pub/zoo-2.01; the Amiga version is available as
         ./amiga/zoo-2.00.arc. The file copying.tex in the distribution
         contains information on how to obtain the other disks.
 
19) What is the Clarkson archive server?
 
    The Clarkson archive server is a program that allows you to
    retrieve files via electronic mail. So it provides a way of
    getting many neat things if you don't have anonymous ftp. To
    get the archive server to do something you should send a message
    to archive-server@sun.soe.clarkson.edu (128.153.12.3). To get
    started using it, send the archive server a one line message
    "help" (case is unimportant). It will send you back a file
    describing how to use it more fully.
 
    In particular, the Clarkson archive contains, among other things,
    a repository for LaTeX style files, AMSTeX macros and style
    files, BiBTeX style files, PiCTeX source (not the manual, see
    question 4), back issues of TeXhax and TeXMaG, files from
    TUGboat, and source to TeX, LaTeX, WEB, and various utilities.
    The archive is maintained by Michael DeCorte.
 
    If anonymous ftp is available to you, you may get the files directly
    from sun.soe.clarkson.edu.
 
    If you have problems, contact archive-management@sun.soe.clarkson.edu.
 
20) Where can I get a thesis style for LaTeX?
 
    Thesis styles are usually very specific to your University, so it's
    usually not profitable to ask the whole newsgroup for one. If you
    want to write your own, a good place to start is the ucthesis style
    available in the latex style collection at sun.soe.clarkson.edu
    (see question 19).
 
21) How do I get symbols for "the real numbers", "the complex numbers",
    and so on?
 
    These symbols are known as "blackboard bold" and are available in
    the font "msym" (e.g., "msym10" for 10pt). There is a companion
    font "msxm" as well. The fonts have a large number of
    mathematical symbols to supplement the ones provided by TeX. A
    complete list of the symbols can be found in the November 1985
    issue of TUGboat (see question 10). The fonts are available from
    the American Mathematical Society; also TFM and PK files for the
    standard scalings are available from the Clarkson archive server
    at sun.soe.clarkson in ./pub/tfm and ./pub/canon300 (see question
    19). GF, PXL, and MF files are available via anonymous ftp from
    labrea.stanford.edu (36.8.0.47) in the directory ./tex/amsfonts.
    The file mssymb.tex in the same directory loads the fonts for TeX
    users (Blackboard bold is the font \Bbb). LaTeX users can access
    them using the amssymbols.sty style file available from the
    archive server. The MF sources for these fonts will soon be
    released by the AMS. Look for them somewhere on
    ymir.claremont.edu (134.173.4.23).
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                               page 16
______________________________________________________________________
 
22) How do I get TeX material if I do not have access to anonymous ftp?
 
    There are several mail servers available, i.e., programs that will
    send you files via electronic mail. Some are:
      - The mail server at Clarkson (see question 19), if you can send
        mail to the United States.
      - Also in the US, the mail server at ymir.claremont.edu has access
        to all the tex-related material there. Send a message containing
        the line "help" to MAILSERV@ymir.claremont.edu.
      - In the United Kingdom, you can get TeX-related material from the
        UK TeX archive at the University of Aston. (FTP access is also
        available:
           Site       uk.ac.aston.tex
           Username   public
           Password   public
           Top Level  tex-archive
        A known file is [tex-archive]000directory.list.) For electronic
        mail access, send a message to texserver@uk.ac.aston.tex. The
        message must contain the following three lines starting in column 1
        (and omitting the ===> part):
        ===>    ---
        ===>    (your address from Aston - see below)
        ===>    help
        The server ignores anything preceding the line which commences
        with the three hyphens, such as mail headers. It also ignores the
        remainder of the line with the hyphens on it. For Internet users
        the return address is of the form name%site@nsfnet-relay, while
        for Bitnet and EARN it is name%site@earn-relay.
      - There are LISTSERV facilities for TeX on LISTSERV@TAMVM1.BITNET
        and LISTSERV@DHDURZ1.BITNET. Send a message containing the line
        "help" to one of these addresses.
 
    There is also the DECUS TeX collection, a collection of TeX material
    for VMS, Unix, MS-DOS, and the Macintosh. It can be obtained from
    the DECUS Library (reference number VS0058) in the US, or through
    your DECUS office outside of the US. To contact the DECUS Library,
    send mail or call:
                 The DECUS Program Library
                 219 Boston Post Road BP02
                 Marlboro, MA 01752-1850
                 (508)480-3418
    or send electronic mail to the DECUS TeX Collection Editor, Ted
    Nieland, at decus_tex@nieland.dayton.oh.us.
 
    Another good source of information is NETWORK SOURCES OF TeX WARE
    by Peter Flynn which appeared in TeXhax, volume 90, issues 45-47
    (in May 1990).
 
23) How do I use PostScript fonts with LaTeX?
 
    There are at least four problems with replacing the standard Computer
    Modern fonts used in LaTeX:
    1. The fonts are defined in a long set of macros in lfonts.tex
       which are not easy to understand and change;
    2. You must have a device driver capable of understanding the idea
       of fonts built into the printer (all the drivers referred to in
       question 1 have this capability).
    3. The default layout of the Adobe fonts is NOT the same as that for
       the CMR fonts, so you will not get the right characters (ligatures
       being a good example).
    4. The official names of the PostScript fonts are long and in both
       upper and lower cases. While this presents no problems for Unix,
       it can cause problems with files under DOS, VMS, etc.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                               page 17
______________________________________________________________________
 
    The first problem can be solved by one of:
    1. Going through lfonts.tex and changing references to CMR to some
       new font, e.g., times.
    2. Overloading the definitions of \bf, \rm, etc., with new font
       families.
    3. Using the font selection mechanism described in Tugboat 10.3,
       p. 222 ff; a LaTeX interface to this will be part of version
       2.10 of LaTeX.
 
    The second problem is quickly disappearing since all recent DVI to
    PostScript drivers have had adequate facilities. The third problem
    can be solved by:
    1. Changing TeX macros, etc., so that the Adobe font layouts are
       expected.
    2. Re-encoding the Adobe fonts in a PostScript prolog so that they
       conform to TeX standards.
    3. Using ``virtual fonts'' to perform the mapping between Adobe and
       TeX layouts. Tomas Rokicki's dvips driver, version 5.02, (see
       question 1) has examples of this.
 
    A definitive statement on short names for Adobe fonts is expected
    soon. Meanwhile, there is not much agreement on how to compress
    Garamond-LightItalic into 8 characters.
 
Bobby Bodenheimer                               @hot.caltech.edu
// BITNET: bobby@caltech.bitnet                 |
// ARPA  : bobby@csvax.caltech.edu              | Woof!
// UUCP  : {amdahl,ames!elroy}!cit-vax!bobby    |
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
______________________________________________________________________
 
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\bye bye!
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