%% This is part of OpTeX project, see http://petr.olsak.net/optex \_codedecl \fontfam {Fonts selection system <2020-03-18>} % preloaded in format \_def\_initunifonts {% \_ea\_newcount \_csname e@alloc@attribute@count\_endcsname \_global \_csname e@alloc@attribute@count\_endcsname=-1 \_directlua{% require("ltluatex") require('luaotfload-main') local _void = luaotfload.main () }% \_gdef\_rfskipatX ##1" ##2\_relax{"##1"}% \_global\_let \_doresizefont=\_doresizeunifont \_gdef\_tryloadtt {\_fontdef\_tentt{\def\_fontnamegen{[lmmono10-regular]}\_rm}}% \_global\_let \_initunifonts=\_relax % we need not to do this work twice \_global\_let \initunifonts=\_relax } \_gdef\_doresizeunifont #1{\_logfont{#1}% \_ifx\_fontnamegen\_undefined \_doresizetfmfont#1\_else \_font#1={\_fontnamegen} \_sizespec \_relax \_setwsp#1\_relax \_fi } \_def\_fontdecl [#1]#2#3#4#5#6#7{% \_initunifonts \_uniaccents \_ifx #2\_undefined \_isfont{#7}\_iffalse \_opwarning{Family [#1] skipped, font "#7" not found}\_ea\_ea\_ea\_endinput \_else \_def\_textfamily{#1}% \_edef\_currfamily {\_csstring #2}% \_def\_mainfamcommand{#2}\_def\_mathfaminfo{#6}% \_wterm {FONT: [#1] -- \string#2 \_detokenize{(#3)^^J mods:{#4} vars:{#5} math:{#6}}}% \_fi \_else \_ea #2\_ea\_endinput \_fi } \_def\_regoptsizes #1 #2?#3 #4*{\_sdef{_optsizes:#1}{#2?#3 #4* }} \_def\_optfontalias #1#2{\_slet{_optsizes:#1}{_optsizes:#2}} \_def\_optname #1{\_ifcsname _optsizes:#1\_endcsname \_ea\_ea\_ea \_optnameA \_csname _optsizes:#1\_ea\_endcsname \_else \_failedoptname{#1}\_fi } \_def\_failedoptname #1{optname-fails:(#1)} \_def\_optnameA #1?#2 #3 <#4 {\_ifx*#4#1#3#2\_else \_ifdim\_optsize<#4pt #1#3#2\_optnameC \_else \_afterfifi \_optnameA #1?#2 \_fi\_fi } \_def\_optnameC #1* {\_fi\_fi} \_def\_afterfifi #1\_fi\_fi{\_fi\_fi #1} \_newifi \_ifexistfam \_def\_isfont#1#2{% \_begingroup \_suppressfontnotfounderror=1 \_font\_testfont={#1}\_relax \_ifx\_testfont\_nullfont \_def\_tmp{\_existfamfalse \_unless} \else \_def\_tmp{\_existfamtrue}\_fi \_ea \_endgroup \_tmp #2% } \_def \_defaultfontfeatures {+tlig;} \_def \_setff #1{% \_ifx^#1^\_let \_fontfeatures=\_defaultfontfeatures \_else \_edef\_fontfeatures{\_fontfeatures #1;}\_fi \_reloading } \_setff {} % default font features: +tlig; \_def\_removefeature #1{% \_isinlist\_fontfeatures{#1}\_iftrue \_def\_tmp ##1#1##2;##3\_relax{\_def\_fontfeatures{##1##3}}% \_ea \_tmp \_fontfeatures \_relax \_fi } \_def\_fvars #1 #2 #3 #4 {% \_sdef{_fvar:rm}{#1}% \_sdef{_fvar:bf}{#2}% \_ifx.#2\_slet{_fvar:bf}{_fvar:rm}\_fi \_sdef{_fvar:it}{#3}% \_ifx.#3\_slet{_fvar:it}{_fvar:rm}\_fi \_sdef{_fvar:bi}{#4}% \_ifx.#4\_slet{_fvar:bi}{_fvar:it}\_fi } \_def\_currV{\_cs{_fvar:\_whatresize}} \_def\_V{ } \_def \_fsetV #1 {\_fsetVa #1,=,} \_def \_fsetVa #1=#2,{\_isempty{#1}\_iffalse \_ifx,#1\_else\_sdef{_#1V}{#2}\_ea\_ea\_ea\_fsetVa\_fi\_fi } \_def \_onlyif #1=#2:#3{% \_edef\_act{\_noexpand\_isinlist{,#2,}{,\_cs{_#1V},}}\_act \_iftrue #3\_fi } \_def \_moddef #1#2{\_edef\_tmp{\_csstring#1}\_remfirstunderscore\_tmp \_sdef{_f:\_currfamily:\_tmp}{#2\_reloading}% \_protected \_edef #1{\noexpand\_famdepend\noexpand#1{_f:\noexpand\_currfamily:\_tmp}}% \_ea \_ifx \_csname\_tmp\_endcsname #1\_else \_ea \_public \_csname\_tmp\_endcsname ;\_fi } \_protected \_def\_resetmod {\_cs{_f:\_currfamily:resetmod}} % private variant of \resetmod \_def\_currfamily{} % default current family is empty \_def\_famdepend#1#2{\_ifcsname#2\_endcsname \_csname#2\_ea\_endcsname \_else \_opwarning{\string#1 is undeclared in current family "\_currfamily", ignored}\_fi } \_def\_famvardef#1{\_edef\_tmp{\_csstring#1}\_remfirstunderscore\_tmp \_ea\_famvardefA \_ea#1\_csname _ten\_tmp\_ea\_endcsname \_csname _tryload:\_tmp\_endcsname } \_def\_famvardefA #1#2#3#4{% #1=\_XX #2=\_tenXX #3=\_tryloadXX #4=data \_isinlist{.\_rm\_bf\_it\_bi\currvar\_currvar}#1\iftrue \_opwarning{\string\famvardef: You cannot re-declare private standard variant selector \string#1}% \_else \_protected\_edef #1{\noexpand\_famdepend\noexpand#1{_f:\noexpand\_currfamily:\_tmp}}% \_sdef{_f:\_currfamily:\_tmp}{#3#2}% \_def#3{\_fontdef#2{#4}}% \_ifx#1\tt \addto#1{\_fam\_ttfam}\fi \_sdef{_currvar:\csstring#2}{#1}% \_fi } \_def\_initfontfamily{% \_mainfamcommand \_reloading \_rm } \def\_fontfam[#1]{% \_lowercase{\_edef\_famname{\_ea\_removespaces #1 {} }}% \_ifcsname _famf:\_famname\_endcsname \_edef\_famfile{\_cs{_famf:\_famname}}% \_else \_edef\_famfile{f-\_famname}\_fi \_ifx \_famfile\_empty \_listfamnames \_fi \_isfile {f-\_famname.opm}\_iftrue \_opinput {f-\_famname.opm} \_else \_isfile {fams-local.opm}\_iftrue \_opinput {fams-local.opm} \_fi \_ifcsname _famf:\_famname\_endcsname \_edef\_famfile{\_cs{_famf:\_famname}}% \_else \_edef\_famfile{f-\_famname}\_fi \_isfile {\_famfile.opm}\_iftrue \_opinput {\_famfile.opm} \_else \_opwarning{Family [#1] undeclared, "\_famfile.opm" not found}% \_fi \_fi \_relax } \_sdef{_famf:?}{} \_sdef{_famf:{} }{} \_def\_listfamnames #1\_fi\_relax{\_fi \_wterm{===== List of font families ======} \_begingroup \_let\_famtext=\_wterm \_def\_faminfo [##1]##2##3##4{% \_wterm{ \_space\_noexpand\fontfam [##1] -- ##2}% \_let\_famalias=\_famaliasA}% \_opinput {fams-ini.opm} \_isfile {fams-local.opm}\_iftrue \_opinput {fams-local.opm} \_fi \_message{^^J}% \_endgroup } \_def\_famaliasA{\_message{ \_space\_space\_space\_space -- alias:} \_def\_famalias[##1]{\_message{[##1]}}\_famalias} \_def\_famtext #1{} \_def\_faminfo [#1]#2#3#4{% \_lowercase{\_edef\_tmp{\_ea\_removespaces #1 {} }}% \_sdef{_famf:\_tmp}{#3}% \_def\_famfile{#3}% } \_def\_famalias [#1]{% \_lowercase{\_edef\_famname{\_ea\_removespaces #1 {} }}% \_sdef{_famf:\_famname\_ea}\_ea{\_famfile}% } \_input fams-ini.opm \_let\_famfile=\_undefined \_newtoks \_catalogsample \_newtoks \_catalogmathsample \_newtoks \_catalogonly \_newtoks \_catalogexclude \_catalogsample={ABCDabcd Qsty fi fl áéíóúüů řžč ÁÉÍÓÚ ŘŽČ 0123456789} \_def\_savedfontcolor{} \_def\_savedletterspace{} \_def\_savedwsp{} \_def \_setfontcolor #1{\_removefeature{color=}% \_edef\_tmp{\_calculatefontcolor{#1}}% \_ifx\_tmp\_empty \_else \_edef\_fontfeatures{\_fontfeatures color=\_tmp;}\_fi \_reloading } \_def \_setletterspace #1{\_removefeature{letterspace=}% \_if^#1^\_else \_edef\_fontfeatures{\_fontfeatures letterspace=#1;}\_fi \_reloading } \_def \_setwordspace #1{% \_if^#1^\_def\_setwsp##1{}\_removefeature{+Ws}% \_else \def\_setwsp{\_setwspA{#1}}\_setff{+Ws}\_fi \_reloading } \_def\_setwsp #1{} \_def\_setwspA #1#2{\_fontdimen2#2=#1\_fontdimen2#2% \_fontdimen3#2=#1\_fontdimen3#2\_fontdimen4#2=#1\_fontdimen4#2} \_def\_calculatefontcolor#1{\_trycs{_fc:#1}{#1}} % you can define more smart macro ... \_sdef{_fc:red}{FF0000FF} \_sdef{_fc:green}{00FF00FF} \_sdef{_fc:blue}{0000FFFF} \_sdef{_fc:yellow}{FFFF00FF} \_sdef{_fc:cyan}{00FFFFFF} \_sdef{_fc:magenta}{FF00FFFF} \_sdef{_fc:white}{FFFFFFFF} \_sdef{_fc:grey}{00000080} \_sdef{_fc:lgrey}{00000025} \_sdef{_fc:black}{} % ... you can declare more colors... \_public \fontfam \initunifonts \isfont \setff \setfontcolor \setletterspace \setwordspace \famvardef \moddef \catalogonly \catalogexclude \catalogsample \catalogmathsample ; \_endcode %--------------------------------------------------- \sec Usage of font selection system %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Try to write `\fontfam[?]`. All font families registered in \OpTeX/ font selection system are listed on the terminal and in the log file. You can choose one of them and use it, for example `\fontfam[Termes]` or `\fontfam[LM Fonts]`. Then you can use four basic variant selectors `\rm` or or `\bf` or `\it` or `\bi` and desired fonts are printed. You can write `\fontfam[Catalog]` and all fonts registered in \OpTeX/ are printed with their templates. The fonts registered in \OpTeX/ have their macros in "font files", each family in one font file with the name `f-famname.opm`. All families are collected in `fams-ini.opm`. You can read the documentation in the file `fams-ini.opm` and in the files `f-heros.opm`, `f-lmfonts.opm` for more information how to install and how to register your own font family. Note that all families registered in such files are Unicode fonts. Non-Unicode fonts are not preferred in \OpTeX/ but you can use them using classical `\font` primitive, of course. There are two equal possibilities how to load a font family: `\fontfam[Family]` or `\input f-fontfamily.opm`. There are "main family command", "font modifiers" and "variant selectors" in each family. Each family provides four default variant selectors mentioned above (may be, in few cases a missing variants are substituded) A few families provides more than these four variant selectors. Mostly all families provides "font modifiers" like `\caps`, `\light`, `\cond`. Supported font modifiers are listed in terminal or in the catalogue. A font modifier does nothing with current font, but the next variant selectors select a modified font. You can combine more than one font modifiers followed by a variant selector. The font is reloaded at the moment when variant selector is processed. The following example supposes that we are working with a font family where `\caps` and `\cond` font modifiers are provided. \begtt \rm normal font, \bf bold, \it italic. \cond\currvar now condensed italics is active, \rm condensed normal, \bf condensed bold. \caps\rm condensed caps and small caps variant is used in regular variant \bi condensed caps and small caps variant is used in bold-italic variant. \resetmod\rm using the `\resetmod` font modifier we can return to the normal state when no font modifier is active. \endtt Of course, all font settings respect groups. The font modifiers keeps their context until the group is closed or until another font modifier (which negates previous setting) is used. In our example these two selectors are independent, so there are four variants: normal, condensed, caps and caps-condensed, all these variants are present in four standard variants: regular, bold, italics, bold-italics. There is one special command `\currvar` which acts as variant selector. It keeps the current variant and the font of such variant is reloaded with respect to previously given font modifiers. You can use the `\setfontsize{}` command in the same sense as other font modifiers. It means that the command itself does nothing with the fonts but following variant selectors reload fonts to desired size. For example: \begtt \rm standard size \setfontsize{at14pt}\rm here is 14pt size \it italic is in 14pt size too \bf bold too. \endtt Note that much more comfortable is to resize fonts using OPmac-like command `\typosize`, `\typoscale`. These commands prepare the right sizes for math fonts too and re-calculates many internal parameters like `\baselineskip`. See the section \ref[typosize] for more information. \secc More than one font families loaded %--------------------------------------- You can load more font families. Then you must to know the context (what family is currently in use) and you can switch between families using main family comand. For example, when Heros and Termes are loaded then: \begtt \rm here is Termes because it is loaded last, \it italics in Termes but \Heros \rm here is Heros font \it italics is in Heros too. \endtt To select a font you can use (in this order): \begtt \ \ \ \endtt You can use zero or more font modifiers, the `\setfontsize` command is a font modifier too. Finally, the variant selector or `\currvar` loads the desired font. The font modifiers (with an exception `\setfontsize`) are declared localy in their font family as "family dependent". If you use it in the context of another font family where it is not declared then warning is printed on the terminal and nothing else happens. It is possible (and it is typical) that a modifier with the same name is declared in more font families. Then such modifiers are working in context of current used family. For example `\LMfonts\caps\rm` or `\Termes\caps\rm` both loads small caps in specified font family using different internal definitions. Maybe, one needs a context switching between `\rm`<-->`\bf` and `\it`<-->`\bi`. This is done by `\em` and `\boldify` macros, see section \ref[fonts]. \secc Math Fonts %--------------- Most font families are connected with a preferred unicode-math font. This unicode-math is activated when the font family is loaded. If you don't prefer this and you are satisfied with 8bit math CM+AMS fonts preloaded in the \OpTeX/ format then you can use command `\noloadmath` before you load a first font family. If you want to use your specially selected UnicodeMath font then use `\loadmath{[]}` or `\loadmath{}` before first `\fontfam` is used. \secc Defining a font commands %----------------------------- You can declare a "font switch" like `\font` primitive does it, but you need not to know nothing about names of font files: \begtt \fontdef \newswitch { } for example \fontdef \titlefont {\setfontsize{at14pt}\bf} \endtt This example declares \title as a font switch: it selects the bold font at 14pt and other not mentioned parameters (font family and font modifiers) are taken from outside context when `\fontdef` is in process. The result is a "definitive" font switch (internaly declared by `\font` primitive) which does not respect any other current context when it is used. It means: \begtt \sizespec{at8pt}\rm small roman font \titlefont bold big font \it italics small font. \endtt Such font switches sould be used in `\output` routine (headers, footers) for example. But it should be less usable in common text. For example when `\titlefont` defined above is used for titles, you cannot change a font variant (to `\it`, for example). So, better idea to declare a "title font" is to use normal `\def` instead `\fontdef` \begtt \def\titlefont{\setfontsize{at14pt}\bf \let\it\bi} % Let it be (John Lennon) ... {\titlefont here we have bold 14pt font and {\it here} was bold 14pt italics} \endtt There are four standard variant selectors, but you can declare new variant selector by `\famvardef` command: \begtt \famvardef \selector { } \endtt If such `\selector` is used, then it takes the current context of font family and font modifiers, opens a group, locally adds the defined font modifiers, applies variant selector (loads the font now), closes the group but keeps the selected font and use it. Moreover, such `\selector` is declared as family-dependent in the same sense as font modifiers. \secc Example of modifying font features %--------------------------------------- Each OTF font provides "font features". You can list these font features by `otfinfo -f font.otf`. For example LinLibertine fonts provide `frac` font feature. If it is active then fractions like 1/2 are printed in a special form. The macro `\setff{}` acts like family independent font modifier and prepares a new . You must use a variant selector in order to reinitialize the font with the new font feature. For example `\setff{+frac}\rm` or `\setff{+frac}\currvar`. You can declare a new variant selector too: \begtt \fontfam[LinLibertine] \famvardef \fraclig {\setff{+frac}\currvar} Compare 1/2 or 1/10 \fraclig to 1/2 or 1/10. \endtt If the used font does not supports given font feature then font is realoaded without warning nor error. Silently: font feature is not activated. The `onum` font feature (old style digits) is connected to `\caps` macro for Caps+SmallCaps variant in \OpTeX/ font-definition-files. So you need not to create a new modifier, just use `{\caps\currvar 012345}`. \secc Special font modifiers %--------------------------- Despite the font modifiers declared in the font-file (and dependent on the font family), we have following font modifiers: \begtt \setfontsize{} % sets the font size \setff{} % adds the font feature \setfontcolor{} % sets font color \setletterspace{} % sets letter spacing \setwordspace{} % modifies word spacing \endtt The `\setfontsize` command is described in section \ref[fontsize]. The `\setff` command was described in previous subsection. `\setfontcolor{}` specifies the color and the opacity of the text. The parameter should be in hexadecimal format of four bytes ``, for example `FF0080FF` means full red, zero green, half blue and full opacity. You can use names `red`, `green`, `blue`, `yellow`, `cyan`, `magenta`, `white`, `grey`, `lgrey` instead of the hexadecimal specification. The emtpy parameter means default black color. That colors of fonts are implemented using \LuaTeX/ internal font feature. This is different approach than using colors in section \ref[colors]. `\setletterspace{}` specifies letter spacing of the font. The is decimal number without unit. The unit is supposed as 1/100 of the font size. I.e. `2.5` means 0.25 pt when the font is at 10 pt size. The empty parameter means no letter spacing which is default. `\setwordspace{}` scale the default interword space (defined in the font) and its stretching and shrinking parameters by given factor. For example `\setwordspace{2.5}` multiplies interword space by 2.5. If you need another font transformations, you can use `\setff` with following font features provided by Lua\TeX/: \begtt \setff{embolden=1.5}\rm % font is bolder because outline has nonzero width \setff{slant=0.2}\rm % font is slanted by a linear transformation \setff{extend=1.2}\rm % font is extended by a linear transformation. \endtt Use font transformations mentioned above and `\setletterspace`, `\setwordspace` with care. The best setting of these values is default setting in every font, of course. If you really needs to set a different letter spacing then it is strongly reccomended to add `\setff{-liga}` in order to disable ligatures. And setting a positive letter spacing probably needs to scale interword spacing too. All mentioned font modifiers (with the exception of `\setfontsize`) work only with Unicode fonts loaded by `\fontfam`. \secc Example of usage more vaiants %---------------------------------- Suppose we have load Heros family where \cond font modifier is declared. Then you can define: \begtt \famvardef \rmcond {\cond\rm} \famvardef \bfcond {\cond\bf} \famvardef \itcond {\cond\it} \famvardef \bicond {\cond\bi} \endtt Now, you can select between eight variants. But the context between similar variants like `\bf`--`\bfcond` is lost. Maybe you will find more usefull to create only a two cond--nocond simple macros which respect the current variant. And use only four standard variant selectors: \begtt \def\useCond {\cond\currvar} \def\useNormal {\nocond\currvar} \Heros\rm here is rm-normal \bf here is bold-normal \useCond here is bold-condensed \it here is italics-condensed \useNormal here is italics-normal. \endtt Another example of decalaration of `\mr` (medium-regular) and `\mi` (medium-italics) variant selectors is in the file f-lido.opm. \secc Example of usage more than one family %------------------------------------------ Supose we have load Termes and Heros families. Then you can define \begtt \def\useTermes {\Termes\currvar} % switch to Termes with respect current variant \def\useHeros {\Heros\currvar} % switch to Heros with respect curent variant \endtt Or you can declare font selectors: \begtt \fontdef \titlefont {\setfontsize{at14pt}\Heros\bf} \times\rm ..... normal text in Times \titlefont .... Titles in Heros. \endtt If you are mixing fonts from various font families then the ex height can be different and optical unfit. You can compensate exheight of such fonts by `mag` keyword in the `\setfontsize` macro. For example by: \begtt \Termes \famvardef \sansfont {\setfontsize{mag.9}\Heros\currvar} \rm here is text in Termes \sansfont and text in Heros with compatible ex-height. \endtt \secc \code{\\fontfam} processing in detail %------------------------------------------ The `\fontfam` macro lists all declared families if parameter is empty or `?`. If not, then `\fontfam` transforms the given parameter to lowercase and without spaces. If exists the file `f-.opm` then it is read. If does not exists such file then `\fontfam` internally lists the families declared by `\_faminfo` and `\_famalias`, firstly from `fams-ini.opm` file and secondly from `fams-local.opm` (if such file exists). The last declaration from this internal list (which mathes the given ) wins. If the parameter does not match then font-macro-file is not found and the warning is printed and no new family is loaded. When the font-macro-file is found, then `\fontfam` tries an existence of fonts in the system. If they does not exist, a warning on the terminal is printed and no family is loaded. Note, that `fams-local.opm` has higher precedence that internal `fams-ini.file`. You can declare families with the same name as internal names and your declaration wins. \secc Others You can use `\isfont {}\iftrue` or `\isfont {}\iffalse` to test if the specified font is present in your system. The macro `\initunifonts` should be used before usage of first `\font` primitive when you need to lodad Unicode fonts directly wihout support of the `\fontfam` or `\loadmath` \"high level" macros\fnote {The `\initunifonts` macro initializes an extension features of the \code{\\font} primitive using Lua code. Without this only 8\,bit fonts can be loaded.}. The `\boldify` macro can be used for titles. It sets `\it` to `\bi` and `\rm` to `\bf`. It means that user can write `{\it something}` in the title and the result is the same as `{\bi something}`. Math formulae are in bold variant too. The `\boldify` macro has local validity like others font modifiers. Example: \begtt {\boldify\typosize[14/16] Title in {\it bold}\par} \endtt \secc Implementation notes %------------------------- TODO ... The family-dependend macros are declared by \moddef and \famvardef. The following trick is used: \begtt \protected\def\macro{\_famdepend\macro{_f:\_currfamily:macro}}% \sdef{_f:currfamily:macro}{... definition body ...}% \endtt The `\_famdepend\macro{csname}` runs `\csname` if it is defined else it writes a warning. If you want to declare macros wit the same feature but wit a parameter, for example, you have to do: \begtt \protected\def\macro{\famdepend\macro{_f:\_currfamily:macro}}% \sdef{_f:currfamily:macro}#1{... definition body ...}% \endtt Of course, you must to do some `\edef...\noexpand` tricks but this is an implementation detail.