% \iffalse meta-comment
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% moodle.dtx
% Copyright 2016 by Anders O.F. Hendrickson (anders.o.f.hendrickson AT gmail.com)
% and 2019-2021 by Matthieu Guerquin-Kern (guerquin-kern AT crans.org).
%
% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the
% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3
% of this license or (at your option) any later version.
% The latest version of this license is in
%   http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
% and version 1.3 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
% version 2005/12/01 or later.
%
% This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
% 
% The Current Maintainer of this work is Matthieu Guerquin-Kern.
%
% This work consists of the files moodle.dtx and moodle.ins
% and the derived files moodle.sty and getitems.sty.
%
% \fi
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    [2021/01/04 v0.8 Moodle quiz XML generation]
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% \GetFileInfo{\jobname.dtx}
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% \DoNotIndex{\newcommand,\newenvironment,\def}
% 
%
% \title{The \textsf{moodle} package: \\
%        generating Moodle quizzes via \LaTeX%
%        \thanks{This document
%                corresponds to \textsf{moodle.sty}~\fileversion, dated \filedate.}}
% \author{Anders Hendrickson\footnote{original author of the package (\texttt{v0.5}), inactive.}\\	
% \texttt{anders.o.f.hendrickson AT gmail.com} \and
% Matthieu Guerquin-Kern\footnote{current maintainer, author of the updates (\texttt{v0.6}
% to \texttt{v0.8}), partially funded by \href{https://www.ensea.fr/en/}{ENSEA Graduate School}, France.}\\
% \href{mailto:guerquin-kern AT crans.org}{guerquin-kern AT crans.org}}
% \date{January 4, 2021}
% 
% \maketitle
%
% \providecommand\TikZ{Ti\emph{k}Z}
%
% \section{Motivation}
%
% The acronym Moodle stands for ``Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment.''
% It is an open source learning management system (LMS) employed by many universities,
% colleges, and high schools to provide digital access to course materials, such as
% notes, video lectures, forums, and the like; see
% \url{https://moodle.com/moodle-lms/} for more information. 
% One of the many useful
% features of Moodle is that mathematical and scientific notation can be entered in
% \LaTeX\ or \TeX\ code, which will be typeset either through a built-in \TeX\ filter
% or by invoking MathJax.
% 
% For instructors who want to give students frequent feedback,
% but lack the time to do so, a particularly valuable module in Moodle
% is the \emph{quiz}.  A Moodle quiz can consist of several different types of
% questions---not only multiple choice or true/false questions, but also 
% questions requiring a short phrase or numerical answer, and even essay 
% questions.  All but the essay questions are automatically graded by the 
% system, and the instructor has full control over how often the quiz may be 
% attempted, its duration, and so forth.  Feedback can be tailored to specific
% mistakes the student makes.
% 
% All these features make Moodle quizzes very useful tools for instructors 
% who have access to them.
% Unfortunately, the primary way to create or edit a Moodle quiz 
% is through a web-based interface that can be slow to operate.
% To users of \LaTeX, accustomed to the speed of typing source code on
% a keyboard alone, the agonizing slowness of switching between mouse and keyboard
% to navigate a web form with its myriad dropdown boxes, radio buttons,
% compounded with a perceptible time lag as one's Moodle server responds to requests,
% can produce a very frustrating experience.  Moreover, editing is entirely 
% impossible without network access.
% 
% Once the quiz is written, there is no easy way to view and proofread all the 
% information of which it is made.  Each question is edited on a separate webpage,
% which is so full of options that it cannot be viewed on a single screen.  
% An instructor has to spend much time checking over the newly created quiz in 
% order to be confident there are no errors.
% 
% Added to all this is the frustration of managing graphics.
% If a question requires an image---say, asking a calculus student to interpret
% the graph of a function---the image must first be produced as a standalone file
% (e.g., in JPG or PNG format), uploaded to Moodle, and then chosen in a web-based
% HTML editor.  Great is the vexation of the instructor who decided to alter a 
% question, as there are more and more possibilities of error whenever multiple 
% files must be kept synchronized.
% 
% Users of \LaTeX\ are also accustomed to the speed and flexibility that 
% comes from defining their own macros, which may be as brief as writing
% |\R| instead of |\mathbb{R}|
% or as complex as macros that generate entire paragraphs of text.
% The Moodle editor, by contrast, requires you to type |\mathbb{R}|
% every single time you want $\mathbb{R}$.
% 
% Finally, there is the question of archiving and reusing one's work.
% Much, much work goes into creating Moodle quizzes, which then reside
% on a Moodle server somewhere in the cloud in a format neither easily browsable
% nor easily modifiable.
% 
% \LaTeX\ itself has the power to solve all these difficulties: 
% it is swift to edit and swifter to compile a \LaTeX\ document,
% and the PDF may be previewed onscreen or printed out for ease of proofreading.
% Mathematical graphics can be integrated within the main file through \TikZ,
% and of course \LaTeX\ macros can be customized.
% Using the present \textsf{moodle} package,
% a quiz author can type a quiz using familiar \LaTeX\ syntax and document 
% structure.  Upon compilation, \LaTeX\ will generate both a well-organized
% PDF that is easy to proofread and an XML file that can be uploaded directly
% to Moodle.  The entire process is far faster than using Moodle's own
% web-based editor, makes it easier to catch one's mistakes, 
% and the ultimate source code of one's work is a human-readable |.tex| file 
% that can be archived, versioned, browsed, and edited offline.
% 
% Strictly speaking, the \textsf{moodle} package does not generate quizzes:
% it generates question banks that can be imported in the LMS. The teacher
% still needs to compose manually a quiz from the question banks. Hopefully,
% two Moodle features supported by the package make this task easier:
% categories and tags.
%
% In this documentation the LMS is referred to as Moodle (uppercase M and
% roman font) while the \LaTeX\ package that is documented here is referred
% to as \textsf{moodle} (all lower case and sans serif font).
% 
% \section{Workflow}
% The process of creating a quiz in Moodle using this package is depicted in
% Figure~\ref{fig:workflow}. It follows a few steps:
% \begin{enumerate}
%   \item Write a \LaTeX\ document using |\usepackage{moodle}| as described 
% below.
%   \item Compile the document to PDF using pdf\LaTeX\, \XeLaTeX\ or \LuaLaTeX.
% This will also produce the file \meta{jobname}|-moodle.xml|.
%   \item Open Moodle, navigate to the desired course,
%         and under ``Question bank'' select ``Import.''
%   \item Select ``Moodle XML format,'' choose the XML file to upload, and press ``Import.''
%   \item After Moodle verifies that the questions have been imported correctly,
%         you may add them to your quizzes.
% \end{enumerate}
% \begin{figure}[tbp]
% \centering
% \begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=1,auto,bend 
% angle=45,box/.style={rectangle,draw=blue!50,rounded corners=3,top 
% 	color=white,bottom color=black!20,thick,align=center,text 
% 	width=2.5cm},elmt/.style={font=\itshape,align=left},
% cmnt/.style={font=\footnotesize,align=center},
% bigcmnt/.style={font=\normalsize,align=center},pre/.style={<-,>=stealth',thick},
% post/.style={->,>=stealth',thick}, prepost/.style={<->,>=stealth',thick}]
% \draw[white,fill=orange!20,rounded corners=10]
% (-1.5,-.7)--++(0,1.4)--++(10.3,0)--++(0,-3.3)--++(-6.7,0)--++(-.25,1.725)--cycle;
% \node[orange!80!black,above] (dev) at (7.5,-2.6) {\textit{Developpement}};
% \fill[green,fill opacity=.2,rounded corners=10]
% (-1.5,.7)--++(3,0)--++(0.5,-3.4)--++(6.8,0)--++(0,-2)--++(-10.3,0)--cycle;
% \node[green!80!black,below] (dev) at (7.5,-2.7) {\textit{Publishing}}; 
% \node[box,text width=2cm] (tex) {\texttt{.tex} source file};
% \node[rectangle,fill=white,draw,align=center,text 
% width=1.5cm,below=of tex] (compfinal) {\LaTeX{}\\ engine};
% \node[rectangle,fill=white,draw,align=center,text width=1.5cm,right=of tex,xshift=4.5cm]
% (compdraft) {\LaTeX{}\\ engine};
% \node[box,right=of compfinal,xshift=.5cm] (pdf) {\texttt{.pdf} file for proofreading};
% \node[rectangle,fill=white,draw,align=center,text width=2cm,below=of compfinal] (extern) 
% {Picture\\processing};
% \draw (pdf|-extern) node[box,anchor=center] (xml) {\texttt{.xml} file\\\footnotesize(pictures embedded)};
% \draw (compdraft|-xml)
% node[rectangle,fill=white,draw,align=center,text width=1.5cm,anchor=center] (moodle) 
% {Moodle\\Server};
% \draw (tex) edge [post,bend right=10] node[cmnt,pos=.5,left] {\texttt{final}} (compfinal);
% \draw (tex) edge [post,bend left=10] node[cmnt,pos=.5,below] {\texttt{draft}} (compdraft);
% \draw (compdraft) edge [post,bend left=10] (pdf);
% \draw (compfinal) edge [post] (pdf);
% \draw (compfinal) edge [post,bend left=10] (xml);
% \draw (compfinal) edge [post,bend right=30] node[cmnt,black!40,pos=.5,text width=1cm,left]
% {\texttt{tikz}, \texttt{.png}, \texttt{.jpg}} (extern);
% \draw (extern) edge [post,green,bend right=30] node[cmnt,black!40,pos=.5,below,right]
% {\texttt{base64}} (compfinal);
% \draw (pdf) edge [post,red,bend right=15] node[sloped,cmnt,pos=.5,above] {improve} (tex);
% \draw (xml) edge [post,red] node[cmnt,pos=.5,below] {import} (moodle);
% \end{tikzpicture}
% \caption{Block diagram describing a typical workflow using the \textsf{moodle} package.}
% \label{fig:workflow}
% \end{figure}
%
% \section{Usage}\label{sect:usage}
% \subsection{Example Document}
%
% The following pages presume the reader already has some familiarity with creating
% and editing Moodle quizzes through the web interface.
% The |xkeyval| package is used to provide a key-value interface.
% Here is a simple example document:
% \begin{VerbatimOut}[gobble=1]{minted.doc.out}
%   \documentclass[12pt]{article}
%   \usepackage[section]{moodle}
%   \moodleregisternewcommands
%   \newcommand\monomial[1]{x^{#1}}
%   \newcommand\sillyanswer{What!?}
%   \begin{document}
%   \begin{quiz}{My first quiz}
%     \begin{numerical}[points=2]{Basic addition}
%       What is $8+3$?
%       \item 11
%     \end{numerical}
%     \begin{shortanswer}[usecase]{Newton's name}
%       What was Newton's first name?
%       \item Isaac
%       \item[fraction=0, feedback={\sillyanswer}] Fig
%       \item[fraction=0] Sir
%     \end{shortanswer}
%     \begin{multi}[points=3]{A first derivative}
%       What is the first derivative of $\monomial{3}$?
%       \item $\frac{1}{4}\monomial{4}+C$
%       \item[feedback={yes!}]* $3\monomial{2}$
%       \item[feedback={\sillyanswer}]  $51$
%     \end{multi}
%   \end{quiz}
%   \end{document}
% \end{VerbatimOut}
% \inputminted[gobble=2,frame=lines]{latex}{minted.doc.out}
% Key features to note in this first example are that a |quiz| environment
% contains several question environments.
% Each question takes a name as a mandatory argument, 
% and it may also take optional key-value arguments within brackets.
% The question environments resemble list environments
% such as |itemize| or |enumerate|, in that answers are set off by 
% |\item|'s, but the question itself is the text that occurs before
% the first |\item|.
%
%^^A \DescribeMacro{\moodleregisternewcommands}\DescribeMacro{\htmlregister}
%^^A Calling |\moodleregisternewcommands| tells the package to treat
%^^A specifically the macros defined subsequently.
%^^A This way, the macros that Moodle's \LaTeX\ renderer does not know
%^^A about can be properly expanded in the XML file.
%^^A This mechanism applies only to the macros defined using |\newcommand|
%^^A and \emph{without} optional argument.
%^^A Using |\htmlregister|\marg{macroname}, lets you declare a specific
%^^A macro for expansion. This mechanism, instead, also applies to the
%^^A macros defined using \TeX's primitive |\def|.
% 
% \subsection{Package Options}
% \DescribeMacro{draft}
% \DescribeMacro{final}
% If the package option |draft| is invoked, by calling
% |\usepackage[draft]{moodle}| or |\documentclass[draft]{...}|, then no
% XML file will be generated. This is especially useful while editing a
% quiz containing graphics, so as to avoid the time spent converting
% image files. The package option |final| might be useful if one wants
% to avoid the option |draft| to be inherited from the |documentclass|.
%
% \DescribeMacro{handout}
% If the package option |handout| is invoked (|\usepackage[handout]{moodle}|),
% the PDF file is generated clean from teacher-only information (answers,
% points, penalty, feedback, tags) and, hence, can be given  to students for
% classroom work. In particular, as would Moodle do, answers in
% \texttt{matching} questions are shuffled and the option \texttt{shuffle}
% triggers the shuffling of choices offered (\texttt{multi} and 
% \texttt{matching}). This is achieved thanks to the package
% \texttt{randomlist}, loaded if the option is invoked.
% The XML file is generated as usual.
%
% \DescribeMacro{nostamp}
% By default, the package will output a stamp as a comment in the XML
% file. This stamp contains information gathered about the TeX engine,
% the operating system used and the package version. For instance:
% \begin{quote}\small
% |<!-- This file was generated on 2020-11-30 by LuaLaTeX -->|\\
% |<!-- running on Linux with the package moodle |\texttt{\fileversion}| -->|
% \end{quote}
% The package option
% |nostamp| prevents this stamp to be written in the XML file.
%
% \DescribeMacro{section}
% \DescribeMacro{section*}
% \DescribeMacro{subsection}
% \DescribeMacro{subsection*}
% If the package option |section| is invoked (|\usepackage[section]{moodle}|),
% then each quiz is represented by a different \LaTeX\ section. Starred
% variants correspond to unnumbered sections or subsections. To preserve
% compatibility with Version 0.5 of this package, the default is |subsection*|.
% Consequently, |\usepackage{moodle}| is equivalent to
% |\usepackage[subsection*]{moodle}|.
%
% \DescribeMacro{tikz} The package option \texttt{tikz} is described in section
% \ref{subsec:tikz}.
%
% \DescribeMacro{svg} The package option \texttt{svg} is described in section
% \ref{subsec:svg}.
%
% \subsection{Quiz and Question Environments}
% 
% \DescribeMacro{quiz}
% A |.tex| document to generate Moodle quizzes contains one or more
% |quiz| environments, within which various question environments are nested.
% The required argument to the |quiz| environment names a category for Moodles
% ``question bank'': after import, the questions defined in this environment
% will be gathered in this category.
% \begin{center}
% |\begin{quiz}|\oarg{options}\marg{category name}%
% \end{center}
% There are no |quiz|-specific options,
% but any \meta{options} set with |\begin{quiz}|
% will be inherited by all questions contained within that |quiz| environment.
% 
% \DescribeMacro{\moodleset}
% Options may also be set outside question environments with
% |\moodleset|\marg{options}; these changes are local to \TeX-groups.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\setcategory}\DescribeMacro{\setsubcategory}
% Although the |quiz| environment defines a category by its own, one can change
% the current category inside the quiz environment and in between questions,
% using the macro |\setcategory|\marg{category name}. A subcategory can also be
% defined with |\setsubcategory|\marg{subcategory name}. The categories and
% subcategories are reflected in the PDF file as sections, subsections, or
% subsubsections, in accordance to the package setting |section|, |section*|,
% |subsection|, or |subsection*|.
% 
% The syntax for each question environment is
% \begin{quote}
%   |\begin|\marg{question type}\oarg{question options}\marg{question name} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}\meta{question text} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item|\oarg{item options} \meta{item} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}\quad$\vdots$ \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item|\oarg{item options} \meta{item} \\
%   |\end|\marg{question type}
% \end{quote}
% The meaning of the \meta{item}s varies depending on the question type,
% but they usually are answers to the question.
% Details will be given below.
% 
% The following key-value options may be set for all questions:
% 
% \DescribeMacro{points}\DescribeMacro{default grade}
% By default, each question is worth 1 point on the quiz.
% This may be changed with the |points| key or its synonym, |default grade|;
% for example, |points=2| makes that question worth two points.
% 
% \DescribeMacro{penalty}
% The |penalty| is the fraction of points that is taken off for each wrong attempt;
% it may be set to any value between 0 and 1.
% The default is |penalty=0.10|.
% 
% \DescribeMacro{fraction}
% In most question types, it is possible to designate some answers as being
% worth partial credit---that is, some fraction of a completely correct answer.
% The |fraction| key may be set to any of the values given in Table~\ref{tab:fraction}, 
% from |0| (entirely wrong) to |100| (entirely correct).
% 
% \begin{table}[tbp]
% \centering
% \caption{\href{https://github.com/moodle/moodle/blob/MOODLE\_310\_STABLE/question/engine/bank.php\#L339}{Valid positive options} for the \texttt{fraction} key: $100\cdot(p/q)$.}
% \label{tab:fraction}
% \footnotesize
% \begin{tabular}{l*{10}{l}}
% \toprule
% Denominator $q$ & \multicolumn{10}{c}{Numerator $p$}\\
% \cmidrule{2-11}
% & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 & 7 & 8 & 9\\
% \cmidrule(lr){1-1}\cmidrule(lr){2-2}\cmidrule(lr){3-3}\cmidrule(lr){4-4}
% \cmidrule(lr){5-5}\cmidrule(lr){6-6}\cmidrule(lr){7-7}\cmidrule(lr){8-8}
% \cmidrule(lr){9-9}\cmidrule(lr){10-10}\cmidrule(lr){11-11}
% 20 & 0&5&&&&&&&&\\\cmidrule(lr){1-1}
% 10 & &10&20&30&40&50&60&70&80&90\\\cmidrule(lr){1-1}
% 9 & &11.11111&&&&&&&&100\\\cmidrule(lr){1-1}
% 8 & &12.5&&&&&&&100&\\\cmidrule(lr){1-1}
% 7 & &14.28571&&&&&&100&&\\\cmidrule(lr){1-1}
% 6 & &16.66667&&&&83.33333&100&&&\\\cmidrule(lr){1-1}
% 5 & &20&&&80&100&&&&\\\cmidrule(lr){1-1}
% 4 & &25&&75&100&&&&&\\\cmidrule(lr){1-1}
% 3 & &33.33333&66.66667&100&&&&&&\\\cmidrule(lr){1-1}
% 2 & &50&100&&&&&&&\\\cmidrule(lr){1-1}
% 1 & 0&100&&&&&&&&\\\cmidrule(lr){1-1}
% \bottomrule
% \end{tabular}
% \end{table}
% In questions where several choices can be selected (see |multi| with the option
% |multiple|), positive fractions must sum up to exactly 100. It is also possible to set
% negative fractions (from -100 to 0) for wrong choices, in order to prevent the
% selection of all choices from leading to a good grade.
% In this case, the value ranging from -100 to 0 must be the opposite of one of the
% values listed in Table~\ref{tab:fraction}.
% 
% \DescribeMacro{fractiontol}
% The package tries to match the |fraction| key to one of the admissible values.
% To this end, the tolerance is controlled by the |fractiontol| key. It defaults
% to |0.01| but may be changed. When no admissible fraction value is matched, the
% package throws an error.
%
% \DescribeMacro{feedback}
% The |feedback| key sets text that will appear to the student after completing the quiz.
% For example, one might set 
% \begin{center}
%   |feedback={This question might show up in the final exam.}|
% \end{center}
% The desired feedback should be included in braces.
% 
% Two kinds of feedback can be given.  If the |feedback| key is set for a 
% question, then that feedback will appear to each student regardless of the student's answer.
% Answer-specific feedback (perhaps explaining a common mistake)
% may also be given by setting the |feedback| key \emph{at the individual answer}.
%
% \DescribeMacro{tags}
% The |tags| key sets a keyword for the question that will be taken into account by Moodle for
% filtering purposes or classification of questions inside the question bank. It is possible
% for instance to build a quiz with questions cherry-picked among the set of questions holding
% a particular tag.
% For example, one might set 
% \begin{center}
%   |tags={easy}|
% \end{center}
% The desired tag should be included in braces.
%
% Tags can be assigned at two levels.  If the |tags| key is set at the quiz level,
% then that tags will be assigned by default to each question of the quiz.
% Question-specific tags can be assigned by setting the |tags| key \emph{at the question level}.
% Since only single tag is supported, the tag a the question-level overrides eventual tags
% specified at the quiz-level.
% 
% \subsection{Question Types}
% 
% We next discuss the various question types supported by \textsf{moodle}
% and the options that may be set.
%
%\subsubsection{True/False}
% 
% \DescribeMacro{truefalse}
% The syntax for a True/False question is as follows:
% \begin{quote}
%   |\begin{truefalse}|\oarg{question options}\marg{question name} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}\meta{question text} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item*| \meta{feedback when ``true" is chosen} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item| \meta{feedback when ``false" is chosen} \\
%   |\end{truefalse}|
% \end{quote}
% The correct answer is designated by the asterisk |*| after the |\item|;
% it need not appear first in the list.
%
% Answer-specific feedback can also be defined as an item option, similarly to
% other types.
% \begin{quote}
%   |\begin{truefalse}|\oarg{question options}\marg{question name} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}\meta{question text} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item[feedback={|\meta{When ``true" is chosen}|}]*| \\
%   |\end{truefalse}|
% \end{quote}
% Note that, in this example, no feedback is defined for the incorrect answer
% ``False": the corresponding item can be omitted.
% 
% With the True/False question type, the |penalty| key has no effect.
%
% \subsubsection{Multiple Choice}
% 
% \DescribeMacro{multi}
% The syntax for a classic multiple choice question,
% with only one correct answer, is as follows:
% \begin{quote}
%   |\begin{multi}|\oarg{question options}\marg{question name} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}\meta{question text} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item*| \meta{correct answer} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item|\oarg{options} \meta{wrong answer} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}\quad$\vdots$ \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item|\oarg{options} \meta{wrong answer} \\
%   |\end{multi}|
% \end{quote}
% The correct answer is designated by the asterisk |*| after the |\item|;
% it need not appear first in the list.
% 
% 
% \DescribeMacro{shuffle}
% The boolean key |shuffle| determines whether Moodle will
% rearrange the possible answers in a random order.
% Setting |shuffle=false| will guarantee that the answer appear
% in the order they were typed; the default is |shuffle=true|.
% 
% \DescribeMacro{numbering}
% Moodle offers different options for numbering the possible answers.
% You may set the |numbering| key to any of the following values,
% which mirror the usual \LaTeX\ syntax:
% |alph|, |Alph|, |arabic|, |roman|, |Roman|, and |none|.
% Calling |numbering=none| produces an unnumbered list of answers.
% The Moodle syntax of |abc|, |ABCD|, |123|, |iii|, and |IIII| is also 
% acceptable,
% but note that it requires \emph{four} capital letters to obtain
% upper-case Roman or alphabetic numerals this way.
% 
% \DescribeMacro{fraction}
% The |fraction| key can be used to designate some wrong answers
% as being worth partial credit.  For example, a question might read thus:
% \begin{VerbatimOut}[gobble=1]{minted.doc.out}
%   \begin{multi}{my question}
%     Compute $\int 4x^3\,dx$.
%     \item* $x^4+C$
%     \item[fraction=50] $x^4$
%     \item $12x^2$
%   \end{multi}
% \end{VerbatimOut}
% \inputminted[gobble=2,frame=lines]{latex}{minted.doc.out}
% Thus the asterisk |*| is shorthand for |fraction=100|, 
% whereas a bare |\item| sets |fraction=0|.
% 
% \DescribeMacro{single}
% By default, the |multi| environment produces
% a multiple choice question with only one correct answer;
% this is called |single| mode, and on Moodle it appears with radio buttons.
%
% \DescribeMacro{multiple}
% It is also possible to write questions with possibly more than one correct answer,
% asking the user to check all correct answers. To do this, use the key |multiple|
% or |single=false|.
% The worth of each correct answers in |multiple| mode may be set by |fraction|,
% but Moodle asks that all the fractions add up to \emph{exactly} 100.
% If you simply designate each correct answer with |\item*|, then \textsf{moodle}
% will divide equally among those answers the points lefts for a sum of 100\%.
% Items that are not given a |fraction| are considered incorrect and selecting them
% results in negative points such that the sum of all incorrect answers is -100\%.
% For example, the following two examples are equivalent:
% \begin{VerbatimOut}[gobble=1]{minted.doc.out}
%   \begin{multi}[multiple]{my question}
%     Which numbers are prime?
%     \item[fraction=20] 2
%     \item* 5
%     \item* 7
%     \item[fraction=-10] 1 
%     \item 6
%     \item 8
%   \end{multi}
%   
%   \begin{multi}[multiple]{my question}
%     Which numbers are prime?
%     \item[fraction=20] 2
%     \item[fraction=40] 5
%     \item[fraction=40] 7
%     \item[fraction=-10] 1
%     \item[fraction=-45] 6
%     \item[fraction=-45] 8
%   \end{multi}
% \end{VerbatimOut}
% \inputminted[gobble=2,frame=lines]{latex}{minted.doc.out}
% Note that, in this example, negative fractions are set for wrong choices. This
% prevents students selecting all options to obtain a good grade with no merit.
% 
% \subsubsection{Numerical}
%
% A numerical question in Moodle requires the student
% to input a real number in decimal form.
% Its typical format is
% \begin{quote}
%   |\begin{numerical}|\oarg{question options}\marg{question name} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}\meta{question text} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item|\oarg{options} \meta{correct answer} \\
%   |\end{numerical}|
% \end{quote}
% If there is more than one correct answer, additional |\item|'s may be included.
% Because this is not a multiple choice question, there is no need to provide
% incorrect answers.  There may nevertheless be reasons to include incorrect answers.
% For example, partially correct answers may be specified by setting the |fraction| key.
% Feedback for a common mistake may be given by including the incorrect answer like this:
% \begin{quote}\footnotesize
%   |\item[fraction=0,feedback={You forgot to antidifferentiate!}]| \meta{incorrect answer}
% \end{quote}
%
% \DescribeMacro{tolerance} 
% The |tolerance| key can be used to specify the validity of answers within some margin.
% This key can be set at different levels: quiz, question, item.
% For example, with the question
% \begin{VerbatimOut}[gobble=1]{minted.doc.out}
%   \begin{numerical}[tolerance=0.01]{my question}
%     Approximate value of $\sqrt{2}$?
%     \item[tolerance={1e-1}] 1.4142
%     \item[fraction=20,feedback={twice this!}] 7.0711e-1
%     \item[fraction=0,feedback={Wrong!}] *
%   \end{numerical}
% \end{VerbatimOut}
% \inputminted[gobble=2,frame=lines]{latex}{minted.doc.out}
% In this example,
% \begin{itemize}
%   \item any answer in the range $[1.4042,1.4242]$ will be validated,
%   \item any answer in the range $[0.69711,0.71711]$ will get the specific feedback
%         \emph{twice this!} and 20\% of points,
%   \item any other answer is incorrect and will get the specific feedback
%         \emph{Wrong!}.
% \end{itemize}
%
% When feedback is to be given for any non-specified answer, one can add a \emph{last} answer
% item containing the wilcard character |*| only. In this case, the |tolerance| key is irrelevant.
% 
% Both answers and tolerance can be specified with the comma (|,|) as a decimal separator.
% Exponent notation is accepted. After import, Moodle will recognize indifferently |0.000165|,
% |0,000165|, |1.65E-4|, |1.65e-4|, |1,65E-4|, and |1,65e-4|.
%
% If the \textsf{siunitx} package is loaded, \textsf{moodle} will detect it and
% numbers will be rendered nicely in the PDF output.
% 
% Units, unit-handling and multipliers are currently unsupported.
%
% \subsubsection{Short Answer}
% A short answer question resembles a numerical question: the student is to fill
% in a text box with a missing word or phrase.
% \begin{quote}
%   |\begin{shortanswer}|\oarg{question options}\marg{question name} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}\meta{question text} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item|\oarg{options} \meta{correct answer} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}\quad$\vdots$ \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item|\oarg{options} \meta{correct answer} \\
%   |\end{shortanswer}|
% \end{quote}
% You can make the text box appear as part of the question with the 
% control sequence |\blank|.  For example,
% your question might read 
% \begin{VerbatimOut}[gobble=1]{minted.doc.out}
%   \begin{shortanswer}{Leibniz}
%     Newton's rival was Gottfried Wilhelm \blank.
%     \item Leibniz
%     \item Leibniz.
%   \end{shortanswer}
% \end{VerbatimOut}
% \inputminted[gobble=2,frame=lines]{latex}{minted.doc.out}
% Note that as the blank occurred at the end of a sentence, 
% we included two answers, 
% lest students get the question wrong merely by
% including or omitting a period.
% 
% \DescribeMacro{case sensitive}\DescribeMacro{usecase}
% The default setting when creating a Short Answer question in Moodle
% is to ignore the distinction between upper- and lower-case letters
% when grading a short answer question. This default is preserved by
% \textsf{moodle}.
% You can make a question case-sensitive with the key |case sensitive| 
% or its shorter synonym |usecase|.
%
% The wildcard character |*| can used to grab answers that match 
% a specific pattern. For instance:
% \begin{itemize}
%   \item ``\emph{Sir Isaac Newton}'', ``\emph{Isaac Newton}'' and
%         ``\emph{Newton}'' will match the pattern |*Newton|,
%   \item ``\emph{Gaston}'' and ``\emph{Wellington}'' will match the
%          pattern |*ton|,
%   \item ``\emph{Isaac}'' and ``\emph{Isaac Newton}'' will match the
%          pattern |Isaac*|,
%   \item any non empty answer will match the pattern |*| (wildcard alone).
% \end{itemize}
% 
% \subsubsection{Essay}\label{subsubsect:essay}
% Instructors may ask essay questions on a Moodle quiz,
% although Moodle's software is not up to the task of grading them!
% Instead each essay question answer must be graded manually by the
% instructor or a teaching assistant.
% \begin{quote}
%   |\begin{essay}|\oarg{question options}\marg{question name} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}\meta{question text} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item|\oarg{options} \meta{notes for grader} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}\quad$\vdots$ \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item|\oarg{options} \meta{notes for grader} \\
%   |\end{essay}|
% \end{quote}
% Instead of containing answers, the |\item| tags for the |essay| question 
% contain notes that will appear to whoever is grading the question manually.
% 
% \DescribeMacro{response required}
% Although Moodle cannot grade the content of an essay question,
% it can at least determine whether the question has been left blank.
% If the |response required| key is set, Moodle will insist that the student
% enter something in the blank before accepting the quiz as completed.
% 
% \DescribeMacro{response format}
% Moodle offers five different ways for students to enter and/or upload their
% answers to an essay question.  You may choose one of these five options:
% \begin{description}
%   \item[{\ttfamily html}] An editor with the ability to format HTML responses
%         including markup for italics, boldface, etc.  This is the default.
%   \item[{\ttfamily file}] A file picker allowing the student to upload a 
%         file, such as a PDF or DOC file, containing the essay.
%   \item[{\ttfamily html+file}] The same HTML editor as above, but with the 
%         ability to upload files as well.  This permits some students to type 
%         answers directly into the web form, and others to compose their 
%         essays in another program first.
%   \item[{\ttfamily text}] This editor allows only for entering plain text 
%         without any markup.
%   \item[{\ttfamily monospaced}] This yields a plain text editor, without any 
%         markup, and with a fixed-width font.  This could be useful for 
%         entering code snippets, for example.
% \end{description}
% 
% \DescribeMacro{response field lines}
% The key |response field lines| controls the height of the input box.
% The default is |response field lines=15|.
% 
% \DescribeMacro{attachments allowed}
% The |attachments allowed| key controls \emph{how many} attachments a student is
% allowed to upload.  Permissible values are |0|, |1|, |2|, |3|, or |unlimited|.
% 
% \DescribeMacro{attachments required}
% You may also require the student to upload a certain number of attachments
% by setting |attachments required| to |0|, |1|, |2|, or |3|.
% 
% \DescribeMacro{template}
% Finally, you may preload the essay question with a template that the student
% will edit and/or type over, with the key |template=|\marg{template}.
% The \meta{template} should be enclosed in braces.
% 
% \subsubsection{Matching}
% 
% A matching question offers a series of subquestions
% and a set of possible answers from which to choose.
% If there are $m$ questions and $n\geq m$ possible answers,
% a matching question will look like this:
% 
% \begin{quote}
%   |\begin{matching}|\oarg{question options}\marg{question name} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}\meta{question text} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item|\oarg{options} \meta{question 1} |\answer| \meta{answer 1}\\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item|\oarg{options} \meta{question 2} |\answer| \meta{answer 2}\\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}\quad$\vdots$ \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item|\oarg{options} \meta{question $m$} |\answer| \meta{answer $m$}\\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item|\oarg{options} |\answer| \meta{answer $m+1$}\\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}\quad$\vdots$ \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}|\item|\oarg{options} |\answer| \meta{answer $n$}\\
%   |\end{matching}|
% \end{quote}
% Answers $1$ through $m$ correspond to questions $1$ through $m$;
% answers $m+1$ through $n$ are ``decoy'' answers.
% If multiple questions should have the same answer,
% be sure your typed answer match exactly, so that Moodle will not
% create duplicate copies of the same answer!
% 
% \DescribeMacro{shuffle}
% The |matching| question accepts the option of |shuffle| to randomly
% permute the questions and answers; by default |shuffle=true|.
% 
% \DescribeMacro{drag and drop}\DescribeMacro{dd}
% The standard matching question offered by Moodle corresponds to
% a dropdown box for choosing the answer to each question.
% There also exists a ``drag and drop matching'' plugin for Moodle that
% shows all questions in one column,
% all answers in a second column, and allows students to drag the correct
% answer to the question using a mouse.
% In this package, to enable drag-and-drop matching, use the key
% `|drag and drop|' or `|dd|' for short.  The default is |dd=false|.
% If you choose the standard format, then due to the limitations of
% dropdown boxes, no \LaTeX\ or HTML code can be used in the answers.
% 
% \subsubsection{Cloze Questions and Subquestions}
% 
% A ``cloze question'' has one or more subquestions embedded within a passage of text.  
% For example, you might ask students to fill in several missing words within
% a sentence, or calculate several coefficients of a polynomial.
% To encode cloze questions in \LaTeX\ using this package is easy:
% you simply nest one or more |multi|, |shortanswer|, or |numerical| environments
% within a |cloze| environment, as in the following example:
% \begin{VerbatimOut}[gobble=1]{minted.doc.out}
%   \begin{cloze}{my cloze question}
%     Thanks to calculus, invented by Isaac
%     \begin{shortanswer}[usecase]
%       \item Newton
%     \end{shortanswer},
%     we know that the derivative of $x^2$ is
%     \begin{multi}[horizontal]
%       \item $2x$
%       \item* $\frac{1}{3} x^3 + C$
%       \item $0$
%     \end{multi}
%     and that $\int_0^2 x^2\,dx$ equals
%     \begin{numerical}
%       \item[tolerance={4e-4}] 2.667
%     \end{numerical}.
%     Thanks, Isaac!
%   \end{cloze}
% \end{VerbatimOut}
% \inputminted[gobble=2,frame=lines]{latex}{minted.doc.out}
% Note that when used as a subquestion within a cloze question,
% |\begin{multi}| is \emph{not} followed by name in braces;
% the same is true for the |shortanswer| and |numerical|
% environments.
% 
% \DescribeMacro{single=true}\DescribeMacro{single=false}\DescribeMacro{multiple}
% Before Moodle version 3.5, within a cloze question, a multiple choice question
% was necessarily of type |single|, i.e. with a single good answer. If you intend
% to export your quiz to Moodle 3.5+, the option |multiple| can be used, when
% multiple good answers are to be found.
%
% \DescribeMacro{vertical}\DescribeMacro{horizontal}\DescribeMacro{inline}
% Within a cloze question, by default, a multiple choice question is implemented
% as an |inline| dropdown box. This is visually compact, but it also prevents
% the use of mathematical or HTML formatting.
% Adding the option |vertical| displays the subquestion as a vertical column
% of radio buttons instead; likewise the option |horizontal| creates a horizontal 
% row of radio buttons.
% The option |inline| is incompatible with |multiple| or |single=false|
% (dropdown boxes don't let you pick up several answers!).
%
% \DescribeMacro{shuffle}
% Starting from Moodle version 3.0, within a cloze question, the items of a
% multiple choice question can be shuffled. Setting |shuffle=false| will
% guarantee that the answer appear in the order they were typed; the
% default is |shuffle=true|.
%
% \DescribeMacro{case sensitive}\DescribeMacro{usecase}
% Within a cloze question, the short answer question can be made case sensitive.
% This option, disabled by default, is selected with |case sensitive| or |usecase|.
% 
%\subsubsection{Description}
% 	
% The Moodle description type is not really a question. It is more like a label.
% One can set a |feedback| that the student gets when reviewing the submission.
% Tags can be set as well.
% 
% For descriptions, \textsf{moodle} redefines the existing |description| environment.
%
% The syntax for a Description question is as follows:
% \begin{quote}
%   |\begin{description}|\oarg{question options}\marg{question name} \\
%   \rule{2em}{0pt}\meta{question text} \\
%   |\end{description}|
% \end{quote}
%
% \subsection{Summary of the Key Options}
% 
% Table~\ref{tab:key-options} summarizes the key options available at the question
% and answer levels depending on the question type. For the essay questions,
% please refer to section~\ref{subsubsect:essay}.
% 
% \begin{table}[tbp]
% \centering
% \caption{Options offered at the question and answer levels for each question type.}
% \label{tab:key-options}
% \small
% \begin{tabular}{*{14}{l}}
% \toprule
% & \multicolumn{10}{l}{Question} & \multicolumn{3}{l}{Answer}\\
% \cmidrule(lr){2-11}\cmidrule(lr){12-14}
% Question type & \rotatebox{90}{points} & 
% \rotatebox{90}{penalty} & \rotatebox{90}{feedback} & \rotatebox{90}{tags} & 
% \rotatebox{90}{shuffle} & \rotatebox{90}{numbering} & \rotatebox{90}{multiple} &
% \rotatebox{90}{usecase} & \rotatebox{90}{tolerance} &\rotatebox{90}{dd} &
% \rotatebox{90}{fraction} & \rotatebox{90}{feedback} & 
% \rotatebox{90}{tolerance}\\\cmidrule(lr){1-1}\cmidrule(lr){2-2}\cmidrule(lr){3-3}
% \cmidrule(lr){4-4}\cmidrule(lr){5-5}\cmidrule(lr){6-6}\cmidrule(lr){7-7}
% \cmidrule(lr){8-8}\cmidrule(lr){9-9}\cmidrule(lr){10-10}\cmidrule(lr){11-11}
% \cmidrule(lr){12-12}\cmidrule(lr){13-13}\cmidrule(lr){14-14}
% \href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/Multiple_Choice_question_type} 
% {Multichoice} & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & 
% $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & & & & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ \\
% \href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/Numerical_question_type}{Numerical}
% & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & & & 
% & & $\bullet$ & & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ \\
% \href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/Short-Answer_question_type}{Short
% Answer} & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & & & 
% & $\bullet$ & & & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ \\
% \href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/Matching_question_type}{Matching}
% & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & & 
% & & & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & \\
% \href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/True/False_question_type}
% {True/False} & $\bullet$ & & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & & & 
% & & & & & $\bullet$ \\
% \href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/Description_question_type} 
% {Description} & & & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & & & 
% & & & & & \\
% ^^A\href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/Essay_question_type}{Essay} & \\\hline%
% \href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/Embedded_Answers_(Cloze)_question_type}{Cloze}
% & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & & & 
% & & & & & \\\cmidrule(lr){1-1}
% \hspace{1em}Numerical & $\bullet$ & & & & & & 
% & &$\bullet$ & & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ \\
% \hspace{1em}Short Answer & $\bullet$ & & & & & & 
% & $\bullet$ & & & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ \\
% \hspace{1em}Multi (regular) & $\bullet$ & & & & $\bullet$ & & $\bullet$ 
% & & & & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ \\
% \hspace{1em}Multi (horizontal)& $\bullet$ & & & & $\bullet$ & & $\bullet$ 
% & & & & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ \\
% \hspace{1em}Multi (vertical)& $\bullet$ & & & & $\bullet$ & & 
% & & & & $\bullet$ & $\bullet$ \\
% \bottomrule
% \end{tabular}
% \end{table}
% 
% \section{Conversion to HTML}
% 
% Questions should be typed as usual for \LaTeX,
% including |\$| to obtain dollar signs, |$|'s or |\(|...|\)| for math shifts,
% |$$|'s or |\[|...|\]| for display math, et cetera.
% The package \textsf{moodle.sty} automatically converts
% this \LaTeX\ code into HTML for web display.
% 
% Table~\ref{tab:html} lists \LaTeX\ macros, commands, and environments that 
% are specifically converted to HTML.
% \begin{table}[tbp]
% \centering
% \caption{Conversion of \LaTeX\ material to HTML.}
% \label{tab:html}
% \begin{tabular}{llll}
% \toprule
% \multicolumn{2}{l}{Macros} & Commands & Environnments \\
% \cmidrule(lr){1-2}\cmidrule(lr){3-3}\cmidrule(lr){4-4}
% |~| & |\#| &|\emph{}| & |\begin{center}|\\
% |\$| & |\&| &|\textbf{}| & |\begin{enumerate}|\\
% |\\| & |\par| &|\textit{}| & |\begin{itemize}|\\
% |\&| & |\S| & |\texttt{}| & |\begin{tikzpicture}|\\
% |\{| & |\}| & |\textsc{}| & \\
% |\|\textvisiblespace & |\relax| & |\underline{}| &\\
% |\,| & |\thinspace| & |\textsuperscript{}| & \\
% |\dots| & |\ldots| & |\up{}| & \\
% |\euro| & |\texteuro| & |\fup{}| & \\
% |\TeX| & |\LaTeX|& |\textsubscript{}| & \\
% |\_| & |\textbackslash| & |\url{}| & \\
% & & |\href{}{}| & \\
% & & |\tikz[]{}| & \\
% & & |\includegraphics[]{}| & \\
% & & |\verbatiminput{}| & \\
% & & |\VerbatimInput[]{}| & \\
% & & |\LVerbatimInput[]{}| & \\
% & & |\BVerbatimInput[]{}| & \\
% & & |\inputminted[]{}{}| & \\
% \bottomrule
% \end{tabular}
% \end{table}
% Single and double quotation marks, french quotation marks, inverted exclamation and
% question marks, and the diacritical 
% commands  |\^|, |\'|, |\`|, |\"|, |\~|, |\c|, |\H|, |\u| and |\v| are also handled,
% as are the characters |\aa|, |\ae|, |\l|, |\oe|, |\o|, |\ss|, and their 
% capitalizations. See Tables~\ref{tab:diacritical}, \ref{tab:ligatures}, and
% \ref{tab:other} for more details.
%   
% In addition, |<| and |>| will be converted to |&lt;| and |&gt;| \emph{within math mode only}.
% If they should be typed outside of math mode, they will be passed as typed to
% the HTML, and probably interpreted by students' browsers as HTML tags
% or other unpredicated results.
% 
% Be aware that \emph{\textsf{moodle} does not know how to convert any 
% other \TeX\ or \LaTeX\ commands to HTML.}
% If other sequences are used, they may be passed verbatim to the XML file
% or may cause unpredicted results.
% \DescribeMacro{\htmlregister}The |\htmlregister| command lets you specify
% the macros that must be expanded in the XML file. It works only when no
% optional argument is used.
% 
% \DescribeMacro{\moodleregisternewcommands} 
% When the list of macros is long, it becomes cumbersome to record them
% individually for expansion.
% Calling |\moodleregisternewcommands| triggers the automatic
% expansion of macros defined subsequently using |\newcommand|,
% |\renewcommand|, |\providecommand|, or their starred variants.
% Again, this works only if the macros are defined \emph{without} optional
% argument.
% 
% If you think of another \LaTeX\ command that should be changed to an HTML equivalent, 
% please contact the maintainer at \url{guerquin-kern AT crans.org}
% so that it may be added to a future revision of the package.
% 
% \section{Graphics}
% The \textsf{moodle} package can handle two kinds of graphics seamlessly.
% External graphics files may be included with the |\includegraphics| command
% from the |graphicx| package, and graphics may be generated internally using \TikZ. 
% In either case, the graphics will be embedded in base-64 encoding directly within
% the Moodle~XML produced.  This prevents the hassle of managing separate
% graphics files on the Moodle server, as Moodle will store the picture 
% within the question in the question bank.
% 
% \subsection{Default \texttt{includegraphics}}
% \DescribeMacro{\includegraphics}\DescribeMacro{height}\DescribeMacro{width}
% When using |\includegraphics|, the only options currently supported 
% are |height| and |width|.  Attempts to use other |\includegraphics| options,
% such as |scale| or |angle|, will affect the PDF but not the XML output.
% The dimensions set by |height| and |width| are \TeX\ dimensions such as \texttt{4\,in}
% or \texttt{2.3\,cm}.
% In order to prepare the image for web viewing, this package converts those 
% dimensions to pixels using a default of 
% 103 pixels per inch.\footnote{This
%   number was selected because an image with 
%   |<IMG HEIGHT=103 WIDTH=103 SRC="...">| showed up as almost exactly 1 inch 
%   tall and 1 inch wide on several of this author's devices and browsers 
%   as of January 2016.}
% \DescribeMacro{ppi}
% That value may be changed by setting the |ppi| key (e.g., |ppi=72|); 
% this is probably best done for the entire document with a |\moodleset| command,
% rather than image-by-image.
% \DescribeMacro{\graphicspath}
% You can use |\graphicspath{{|\emph{path}|}}| to specify a directory where the
% pictures to be included are located.
%
% A special rule was added for the inclusion of GIF pictures (|.gif| extension).
% These files are passed as-is to the XML, preserving potential animations.
% However, as pdf\TeX\ engines do not support the GIF format, the picture is
% passed to the PDF output after a conversion to the PNG format. When the GIF
% file is animated, only its first frame is passed to the PDF.
%
%^^A \DescribeMacro{\DeclareGraphicsAlien} Users may declare other graphic
%^^A formats with the command |\DeclareGraphicsAlien|\marg{alien extension}
%^^A \marg{native extension}\marg{command line for conversion}.
%
% \subsection{\TikZ\ Pictures}
% When \TikZ\ is loaded and used to define pictures, \textsf{moodle} invokes
% the |external| \TikZ\ library, so that each |tikzpicture| environment is compiled
% to a freestanding PDF file.
%
% \subsection{Package Option \texttt{tikz}}\label{subsec:tikz}
% \DescribeMacro{tikz}
% The \textsf{moodle} package admits a \texttt{tikz} option which has the following effects:
% \begin{itemize}
% \item the package \texttt{tikz} is loaded.
% \item \texttt{includegraphics} is embedded in a \TikZ\ picture. Consequences are that
%   \begin{itemize}
%     \item the pictures encoded in the XML file are resampled. This prevents encoding
%           images at a higher resolution than rendered by Moodle.
%     \item the full set of \texttt{includegraphics} options is accessible,
% e.g.~|scale=.5|, |angle=90|, or |width=.2\textwidth|.
%   \end{itemize}
% \item \DescribeMacro{\embedaspict} a macro |\embedaspict{...}| is provided for the
% inclusion of inline \LaTeX\ material as images. This can serve as a workaround to
% overcome limitations of this package---like the conversion of tabulars to HTML---
% or limitations of Moodle itself.
% For the definition of this macro, the package \texttt{varwidth} is loaded.
% \item optimizations of the \TikZ-external library are disabled. Compilation might get
% sensibly slower.
% \end{itemize}
%
% \subsection{External Tools}
% The mechanisms used for handling graphics are somewhat fragile and rely upon
% three free external programs.
% \begin{enumerate}
%   \item GhostScript (\url{www.ghostscript.com}) is used to convert the PDF output
%         from \TikZ\ into a PNG raster graphics file.
%         The default command line is presumed to be |gswin64c.exe| 
%         (if |\ifwindows| from the |ifplatform| package returns true)
%         or |gs| (if |\ifwindows| returns false).
%         If your system requires a different command line to invoke Ghostscript,
%         \DescribeMacro{\ghostscriptcommand}
%         you may change it by invoking:
%            \begin{quote}
%             |\ghostscriptcommand|\marg{executable filename}
%            \end{quote}
%   \item When external graphics files such as PDF are included,
%         the open-source ImageMagick software (\url{www.imagemagick.org})
%         converts each file to PNG format.
%         The command line for ImageMagick is the nondescript word |convert|,
%         \DescribeMacro{\imagemagickcommand}
%         but may be changed by invoking |\imagemagickcommand|\marg{executable filename}.
%   \item OptiPNG (\url{http://optipng.sourceforge.net/}) is used to optimize the PNG images.
%         The command line is presumed to be |optipng|, but can be changed with
%         \DescribeMacro{\optipngcommand} |\optipngcommand|\marg{executable filename}.
% \end{enumerate}
% 
% Please note the following vital points to make the graphics handling work:
% \begin{itemize}
%   \item As of now, graphics are only supported when compiling directly to a PDF
%         with |pdflatex|. Including PS graphics or using \TikZ\ with the DVI$\to$PS workflow is not
%         yet supported.
%^^A   \item Filenames should not contains spaces or, under windows, special characters like |_| or |\|.
%   \item You must have Ghostscript and ImageMagick installed on your system
%         to fully use the graphics-handling capabilities of \textsf{moodle}.
%   \item If OptiPNG is not installed, the corresponding system calls will fail with otherwise no
%         impact on the compilation process: PNG files are passed unoptimized to the XML output.
%   \item \LaTeX\ must be able to call system commands; that is, |\write18| must be enabled.
%         For Mik\TeX, this means adding |--enable-write18| to the command line of |pdflatex|;
%         for \TeX Live, this means adding |--shell-escape=true|.
%   \item Due to security issues with old versions of Ghostcript, some systems default to a
%         policy that prevents the conversion of PDF and PS to PNG. Assuming that, as a user of
%         \textsf{moodle} which requires shell escape capabilities, you either use a sandboxed
%         environment or trust the files handled at the system-level, you may want to disable this
%         over-zelous security policy. For example,
%         \href{https://stackoverflow.com/a/52661288/14608059}{see this}.
%   \item Users of the |circuitikz| package must enclose their circuits' \TikZ\ code in the
%         |tikzpicture| environment instead of |circuitikz|. That is required,
%         as of \TikZ\ 2.1, by the |external| library.
% \end{itemize}
%
% \subsection{Package Option \texttt{svg}}\label{subsec:svg}
%
% \paragraph{Important Notice} \emph{The \texttt{svg} option is an experimental feature
% introduced in \textsf{moodle} v0.8. It has been tested exclusively under Linux, with
% TeXLive 2020, Inkscape v1.0.1 and Scour 0.38.2.}
% 
% \DescribeMacro{svg} The \textsf{moodle} package admits an experimental \texttt{svg}
% option which has the following effects:
% \begin{itemize}
% \item |\includegraphics| can be used to import SVG graphic files directly
% (extension |.svg| or |.SVG|). In this case, the SVG file is passed as-is to the
% XML output and is converted using \href{https://inkscape.org/}
% {Inkscape} (must be installed) for inclusion in the PDF output.
% \item the graphic files in PDF format are converted to the SVG format using
% \href{https://inkscape.org/}{Inkscape} (must be installed), rather than beeing
% rasterized. Before inclusion to the XML output, the SVG file is optimized using
% the \href{https://github.com/scour-project/scour}{Scour} utility. This
% optimization step is optional in the sense that, if the Scour call fails,
% the unoptimized SVG file will be passed to the XML output.
% Two processes benefit from this PDF$\to$SVG conversion:
%   \begin{itemize}
%     \item inclusion of PDF graphics with |\includegraphics|, and
%     \item Tikz pictures that are externalized.
%   \end{itemize}
% \end{itemize}
%
% \DescribeMacro{\PDFtoSVGcommand}\DescribeMacro{\SVGtoPDFcommand}
% \DescribeMacro{\optiSVGcommand} The call of external tools can be changed using
% the macros |\PDFtoSVGcommand| \marg{\dots}, |\SVGtoPDFcommand|\marg{\dots} and
% |\optiSVGcommand|\marg{\dots}.
%
% \section{Verbatim Code}
% Because, for HTML translation, \textsf{moodle} parses the body of questions, the use of 
% verbatim code results in compilation errors. This is why the use of |\verb|,
% |\begin{verbatim}| and other standard utilities is not supported.
%
% However, using the following three utilities, verbatim code can be imported from an external file:
% \begin{enumerate}
%   \item \DescribeMacro{\verbatiminput}|\verbatiminput|\marg{filename} from the \textsf{verbatim}
%         package inserts verbatim code in both the PDF and the XML for moodle, without fancy additions.
%   \item \DescribeMacro{\VerbatimInput}The macro |\VerbatimInput|\marg{options}\marg{filename} from
%         \textsf{fancyvrb} or \textsf{fvextra} does more, with several options and settings offered
%         (see below).
%         The variants \DescribeMacro{\BVerbatimInput}|\VBerbatimInput| and
%         \DescribeMacro{\LVerbatimInput}|\LVerbatimInput| are also supported, with identical
%         effect on the XML output.
%         The variants with a star are unsupported and result in errors when used.
%   \item \DescribeMacro{\inputminted}On top of that |\inputminted|\oarg{options}\marg{lang}
%         \marg{filename}from the \textsf{minted} package offers syntaxic highlighting tailored to the
%         specified language.
% \end{enumerate}
% The \textsf{moodle} package handles these three commands to pass the code in the output XML.
%
% With |\VerbatimInput| and |\inputminted|, the options that are taken care of for XML
% generation are listed in Table~\ref{tab:verbatim-options}. Using |\fvset|\marg{key=value,...},
% options can be set globally. Equivalently, with \textsf{minted},
% |\setminted|\oarg{lang}\marg{key=value,...} is available.
%
% \begin{table}[tbp]
% \centering
% \begin{threeparttable}[b]
% \caption{Options and corresponding values considered for XML generation of verbatim material
% with \texttt{VerbatimInput} and \texttt{inputminted}.}
% \label{tab:verbatim-options}
% \begin{tabular}{ll}
% \toprule
% Option keys & Possible values\\\cmidrule(lr){1-1}\cmidrule(lr){2-2}
% ^^A\texttt{commentchar} & \meta{character}\\
% \texttt{gobble} & \meta{integer}\\
% \texttt{autogobble}\tnote{1} & \texttt{true} or \texttt{false}\\
% \texttt{tabsize} & \meta{integer}\\
% \texttt{numbers} & \texttt{none}, \texttt{left}, \texttt{right}, or \texttt{both}\tnote{2}\\
% \texttt{firstnumber} & \texttt{auto}, \texttt{last}, or \meta{integer}\\
% \texttt{firstline} & \meta{integer}\\
% \texttt{lastline} & \meta{integer}\\
% \texttt{numberblanklines} & \texttt{true} or \texttt{false}\\
% \texttt{highlightlines}\tnote{2} & \marg{coma-separated list of integers or ranges}\\
% \texttt{style}\tnote{1} & \meta{string}\\
% \bottomrule
% \end{tabular}
%\begin{tablenotes}
%\item[1] \texttt{autogobble}, \texttt{numbers=both}, and \texttt{style} are offered only by \textsf{minted}.
%\item[2] line highlighting is offered only with \textsf{fvextra} or \textsf{minted} loaded.
%\end{tablenotes}
%\end{threeparttable}
%\end{table}
%
% In order to define the verbatim code from the \LaTeX\ document itself, it is still possible
% to use, outside the scope of the \textsf{moodle} questions, the environments |filecontents*|  (from the
% \textsf{filecontents} package or \LaTeX\ kernel itself since 2019) or |VerbatimOut|
% (from the \textsf{fancyvrb} and \textsf{fvextra} packages).
% 
% When code decorated with left-side line numbers is placed in question items, the output PDF could
% show a collision between numbers of the item and the first line. To avoid this, |\LVerbatimInput| or
% |\BVerbatimInput| can be used. Instead, when \textsf{minted} is used, the ``left-right'' mode can be
% enforced with the \LaTeX\ command:
% \begin{quote}
%   |\RecustomVerbatimEnvironment{Verbatim}{LVerbatim}{}|
%  \end{quote}
%
% When using utilies from \textsf{fancyvrb}, \textsf{fvextra}, or \textsf{minted}, \textsf{moodle} sets
% framing options for the display of code in the output PDF:
% \begin{quote}
%   |\fvset{frame=lines,label={[Beginning of code]End of code},|\\
%   |       framesep=3mm,numbersep=9pt}|
% \end{quote}
% These settings can be overidden using |\fvset| after the preamble.
%
% \section{Calculated Questions}
% Moodle's calculated questions are not supported by this package.
% 
% However, as \href{https://github.com/avohns/python-latex-moodle-quiz}{demonstrated by A.
% Vohns}, an advanced scripting language may be used to generate a series of questions sharing
% the same prototype.
% 
% We suggest to apply a specific tag to these questions. After import in Moodle, when creating
% a quizz, this tag can be selected to narrow down a random selection of question.
% This would mimic the behavior of calculated questions while bringing the flexibility of your
% favorite scripting language.
% 
% Here are two examples inspired from the work of A. Wohns. The first one relies on the
% native Lua capabilities of \LuaLaTeX.
% \begin{VerbatimOut}[gobble=1]{minted.doc.out}
%   \begin{quiz}[tags={calculated}]{Example Quiz}
%   \directlua{
% \end{VerbatimOut}
% \inputminted[gobble=2,frame=topline]{latex}{minted.doc.out}
% \begin{VerbatimOut}[gobble=1]{minted.doc.out}
%   function clozenum_print(pair,op,result)
%     tex.print("\\begin{numerical}$"..pair[1].." "..op.." "..pair[2].." 
%     =$".."\\item ",result,"\\end{numerical}")
%   end
%   function cloze_print(pair,points)
%     tex.print("\\begin{cloze}[points="..points.."]{Arithmetic Quiz 
%     ("..pair[1]..", "..pair[2]..")}Solve the following tasks!\\\\")
%     clozenum_print(pair,"+",pair[1]+pair[2])
%     clozenum_print(pair,"-",pair[1]-pair[2])
%     clozenum_print(pair,"*",pair[1]*pair[2])
%     if pair[1]/pair[2]==math.floor(pair[1]/pair[2]) then
%       clozenum_print(pair,":",math.floor(pair[1]/pair[2]))
%     end
%     tex.print("\\end{cloze}")
%   end
%   for x = 2,4 do
%     for y = 2,4 do
%       if x>y then
%         if x/y==math.floor(x/y) then points=4 else points=3 end
%         cloze_print({x,y},points)
%       end
%     end
%   end
% \end{VerbatimOut}
% \inputminted[]{lua}{minted.doc.out}
% \begin{VerbatimOut}[gobble=1]{minted.doc.out}
%   }
%   \end{quiz}
% \end{VerbatimOut}
% \inputminted[gobble=2,frame=bottomline]{latex}{minted.doc.out}
% The second example makes use of the \textsf{python} package (|\usepackage{python}|).
% \begin{VerbatimOut}[gobble=1]{minted.doc.out}
%   \begin{quiz}[tags={calculated}]{Example Quiz}
%   \begin{python}
% \end{VerbatimOut}
% \inputminted[gobble=2,frame=topline]{latex}{minted.doc.out}
% \begin{VerbatimOut}[gobble=1]{minted.doc.out}
%   def clozenum_print(pair,op,result):
%     print(rf"""\begin{{numerical}}
%   ${pair[0]} {op} {pair[1]} =$\item {result} 
%   \end{{numerical}}""")
%   def cloze_print(pair,points):
%     print(rf"""\begin{{cloze}}[points={points}]{{Arithmetic Quiz 
%     {(pair[0],pair[1])}}}Solve the following tasks!\\""")
%     clozenum_print([x,y],"+",x+y)
%     clozenum_print([x,y],"-",x-y)
%     clozenum_print([x,y],"*",x*y)
%     if pair[0]/pair[1] == pair[0]//pair[1]:
%       clozenum_print([x,y],":",x//y)
%     print("\end{cloze}")
%   for x in range(2,5):
%     for y in range(2,5):
%       if x > y:
%         if x/y == x//y:
%           points=4
%         else:
%           points=3  
%         cloze_print([x,y],points)
% \end{VerbatimOut}
% \inputminted[]{python}{minted.doc.out}
% \begin{VerbatimOut}[gobble=1]{minted.doc.out}
%   \end{python}
%   \end{quiz}
% \end{VerbatimOut}
% \inputminted[gobble=2,frame=bottomline]{latex}{minted.doc.out}
% These two codes yield the same XML content.
% 
% \section{Known Limitations and Call for Bug Reports}
% Table~\ref{tab:support-limitations} lists some different features supported, limitations, and
% bugs.
%
%\begin{table}[tbp]
%\centering
%\begin{threeparttable}[b]
%\caption{Content enrichment (pictures, equations) support after XML import in Moodle v3.5.7,
% depending on the question type.}
%\label{tab:support-limitations}
%\begin{tabular}{lccc}
% \toprule
% & \multicolumn{3}{l}{XML rendering in\dots}\\\cmidrule(lr){2-4}
%Question type & Question & Answer & Feedback\\\cmidrule(lr){1-1}\cmidrule(lr){2-2}
%\cmidrule(lr){3-3}\cmidrule(lr){4-4}
% \href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/Multiple_Choice_question_type}{Multichoice}
%& yes & yes & yes \\
% \href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/Numerical_question_type}{Numerical}
%& yes & no\tnote{1} & yes \\
% \href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/Short-Answer_question_type}{Short Answer}
% & yes & no\tnote{1} & yes \\
% Matching (\href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/Matching_question_type}{std})
%& yes & no\tnote{2} & no\tnote{3} \\
% Matching (\href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/Drag_and_drop_matching_question_type}{dd})
% & yes & yes\tnote{4} & no\tnote{3} \\
% \href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/Essay_question_type}{Essay}
%& yes & yes\tnote{5,6} & yes\tnote{5} \\
% \href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/True/False_question_type}{True/False}
%& yes & no & yes \\
% \href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/Description_question_type}{Description}
%& yes & $\varnothing$ & yes \\
%\href{https://docs.moodle.org/35/en/Embedded_Answers_(Cloze)_question_type}{Cloze} &
%yes & $\varnothing$& $\varnothing$ \\\cmidrule(lr){1-1}
%\hspace{1em}Numerical & yes & no\tnote{1} & yes \\
%\hspace{1em}Short Answer & yes & no\tnote{1} & yes\tnote{7} \\
%\hspace{1em}Multi (regular) & yes & no\tnote{2} & yes\tnote{7} \\
%\hspace{1em}Multi (horizontal) & yes & yes & yes \\
%\hspace{1em}Multi (vertical) & yes & yes & yes \\\bottomrule
%\end{tabular}
%\begin{tablenotes}
%\item[1] Moodle prompts the student for an answer and then compares it to the 
%solutions provided. This is text-only.
%\item[2] Moodle uses a dropdown list to let one choose among the possible 
%answers. This forbids either picture inclusion and \LaTeX\ rendering.
%\item[3] Not supported by Moodle (in this context, answer-specific feedback 
%represents lots of possible combinations).
%\item[4] The drag-and-drop-matching plugin seems broken before version 1.6 
%20190409. Moodle's XML import fails with a \textsf{dmlwriteexception} when 
%the field content exceeds few hundreds characters. This prevents the inclusion 
%of most base64 images and maybe some complicated equations.
%\item[5] For this question type and in the context of XML generation, the 
%Answer column represents the ``template" while the Feedback column represents 
%the ``notes for the grader". Obviously, the grading process is not automatic 
%and there is no answer-specific feedback.
%\item[6] Picture and \LaTeX\ rendering could be done, but only after 
%submission and only if the keyval ``response format" is set to ``html".
%\item[7] Moodle only reveals the feedback when hovering the checkmark or X 
%mark with the mouse.
%\end{tablenotes}
%\end{threeparttable}
%\end{table}
%
% Tables~\ref{tab:diacritical}, \ref{tab:ligatures}, and \ref{tab:other} describe the current
% support for some special characters, accents and other diacritical marks.
%
%\begin{table}[tbp]
% \centering
% \caption{Support for diacritical marks 
% in a UTF8-coded \TeX~document compiled with (pdf)\LaTeX\ (packages 
% \texttt{inputenc} with option \texttt{utf8} and \texttt{fontenc} with option \texttt{T1}),
% \LuaLaTeX\ or \XeLaTeX\ (package \texttt{fontspec}).}
% \label{tab:diacritical}
% \begin{threeparttable}[t]
% \begin{tabular}{*{6}{l}}
% \toprule
% \multicolumn{4}{l}{Input type} & \multicolumn{2}{l}{Engine support}\\
% \cmidrule(lr){1-4}\cmidrule(lr){5-6}
% \multicolumn{2}{l}{Unicode} & \multicolumn{2}{l}{\LaTeX} & \XeLaTeX\ or \LuaLaTeX & (pdf)\LaTeX \\
% \cmidrule(lr){1-2}\cmidrule(lr){3-4}\cmidrule(lr){5-5}\cmidrule(lr){6-6}
% \aa & \AA & \verb|\aa| & \verb|\AA| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \`a & \`A & \verb|\`a| & \verb|\`A| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \^a & \^A & \verb|\^a| & \verb|\^A| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \~a & \~A & \verb|\~a| & \verb|\~A| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \'e & \'E & \verb|\'e| & \verb|\'E| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \`e & \`E & \verb|\`e| & \verb|\`E| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \"e & \"E & \verb|\"e| & \verb|\"E| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \^e & \^E & \verb|\^e| & \verb|\^E| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \^i & \^I & \verb|\^i| & \verb|\^I| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \"i & \"I & \verb|\"i| & \verb|\"I| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \~n & \~N & \verb|\~n| & \verb|\~N| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \~o & \~O & \verb|\~o| & \verb|\~O| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \"o & \"O & \verb|\"o| & \verb|\"O| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \^o & \^O & \verb|\^o| & \verb|\^O| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \`u & \`U & \verb|\`u| & \verb|\`U| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \"u & \"U & \verb|\"u| & \verb|\"U| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \^u & \^U & \verb|\^u| & \verb|\^U| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \c{c} & \c{C} & \verb|\c{c}| & \verb|\c{C}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & Unicode and \LaTeX \\
% \c{s} & \c{S} & \verb|\c{s}| & \verb|\c{S}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \c{t} & \c{T} & \verb|\c{t}| & \verb|\c{T}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \H{o} & \H{O} & \verb|\H{o}| & \verb|\H{O}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \H{u} & \H{U} & \verb|\H{u}| & \verb|\H{U}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \"y & \"Y & \verb|\"y| & \verb|\"Y| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX only\\
% \u{a} & \u{A} & \verb|\u{a}| & \verb|\u{A}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \u{e} & \u{E} & \verb|\u{e}| & \verb|\u{E}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \u{g} & \u{G} & \verb|\u{g}| & \verb|\u{G}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \u{\i} & \u{I} & \verb|\u{\i}| & \verb|\u{I}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\tnote{1}\\
% \u{o} & \u{O} & \verb|\u{o}| & \verb|\u{O}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \v{c} & \v{C} & \verb|\v{c}| & \verb|\v{C}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \v{d} & \v{D} & \verb|\v{d}| & \verb|\v{D}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \v{e} & \v{E} & \verb|\v{e}| & \verb|\v{E}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \v{l} & \v{L} & \verb|\v{l}| & \verb|\v{L}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \v{n} & \v{N} & \verb|\v{n}| & \verb|\v{N}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \v{r} & \v{R} & \verb|\v{r}| & \verb|\v{R}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \v{s} & \v{S} & \verb|\v{s}| & \verb|\v{S}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \v{t} & \v{T} & \verb|\v{t}| & \verb|\v{T}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \v{z} & \v{Z} & \verb|\v{z}| & \verb|\v{Z}| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \bottomrule
% \end{tabular}
% \begin{tablenotes}
%   \item[1] \XeLaTeX\ renders correctly |\u{i}|, that is, without a superscript dot.
%            Instead, with (pdf)\LaTeX\ the rendering of |\u{i}| is flawed by the
%            superposition of the superscript dot and the breve diacritical mark.
%            Both engines render |\u{\i}| as expected.
% \end{tablenotes}
% \end{threeparttable}
% \end{table}
%
%\begin{table}[tbp]
% \centering
% \begin{threeparttable}[t]
% \caption{Support for ligatures in a UTF8-coded \TeX~document compiled with (pdf)\LaTeX\ (packages 
% \texttt{inputenc} with option \texttt{utf8}, \texttt{fontenc} with option \texttt{T1}),
% \LuaLaTeX\ or \XeLaTeX\ (package \texttt{fontspec}).}
% \label{tab:ligatures}
% \begin{tabular}{llllll}
% \toprule
% \multicolumn{4}{l}{Input type} & \multicolumn{2}{l}{Engine support}\\
% \cmidrule(lr){1-4}\cmidrule(lr){5-6}
% \multicolumn{2}{l}{Unicode} & \multicolumn{2}{l}{\LaTeX} & \XeLaTeX \ or \LuaLaTeX& (pdf)\LaTeX \\
% \cmidrule(lr){1-2}\cmidrule(lr){3-4}\cmidrule(lr){5-6}\cmidrule(lr){6-6}
% \ae & \AE & \verb|\ae| & \verb|\AE| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \oe & \OE & \verb|\oe| & \verb|\OE| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \ss & \SS & \verb|\ss| & \verb|\SS| & Unicode and \LaTeX\tnote{1} & \LaTeX\ only\tnote{2}\\
% \bottomrule
% \end{tabular}
% \begin{tablenotes}[b]
%   \item[1] the Libertine font, used in this documentation and available for instance via the
%            package |libertine|, defines the glyph \SS. Most fonts do not define this glyph.
%   \item[2] \LaTeX\ defines the \verb|\SS| macro but (pdf)\LaTeX\ renders it as a doubled capital S.
% \end{tablenotes}
% \end{threeparttable}
% \end{table}
%
%\begin{table}[tbp]
% \centering
% \begin{threeparttable}[b]
% \caption{Support for other glyphs and punctuation marks in a UTF8-coded \TeX~document compiled
% with (pdf)\LaTeX\ (packages \texttt{inputenc} with option \texttt{utf8}, \texttt{fontenc} with
% option \texttt{T1}), \LuaLaTeX\ or \XeLaTeX\ (package \texttt{fontspec}).}
% \label{tab:other}
% \begin{tabular}{llllll}
% \toprule
% \multicolumn{4}{l}{Input type} & \multicolumn{2}{l}{Engine support}\\
% \cmidrule(lr){1-4}\cmidrule(lr){5-6}
% \multicolumn{2}{l}{Unicode} & \multicolumn{2}{l}{\LaTeX} & \XeLaTeX\ or \LuaLaTeX & (pdf)\LaTeX \\
% \cmidrule(lr){1-2}\cmidrule(lr){3-4}\cmidrule(lr){5-5}\cmidrule(lr){6-6}
% \l & \L & \verb|\l| & \verb|\L| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \o & \O & \verb|\o| & \verb|\O| & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% « & & \verb|\guillemotleft|\tnote{1} & & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% » & & \verb|\guillemotright|\tnote{1} & & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% ¿ & & \verb|\textquestiondown| & & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% ¡ &  & \verb|\textexclamdown| & & Unicode and \LaTeX & \LaTeX\ only\\
% \bottomrule
% \end{tabular}
% \begin{tablenotes}
%   \item[1] the package |babel| loaded with option |french| defines |\og| and |\fg| for
%            the same symbols. These are also supported by \textsf{moodle}.
% \end{tablenotes}
% \end{threeparttable}
% \end{table}
% Some features of Moodle quizzes have not yet been implemented in \textsf{moodle}.
% Here is a non-exhaustive list.
% \begin{itemize}
%   \item Moodle's feature of designating feedback for correct, 
%         partially correct, and incorrect answers.
%^^A   \item Calculated questions; that is, automatically generated numerical questions 
%^^A         using randomly chosen numbers.
%   \item Hints
%   \item Multiple keywords (tags) for questions
% \end{itemize}
% The authors have used this package together with a limited number of colleagues
% for a few semesters of teaching. If other users adopt this package, we fully expect them
% to find bugs. \emph{Please} send all bugs you find to \url{guerquin-kern@crans.org},
% so that we can fix them for subsequent versions.
% 
% \section{Compatibility}
% This package has been originally written for and tested with the implementation of 
% Moodle 2.9 run by Moodlerooms for St.~Norbert College in January 2016.
% Since then, it has been successfully combined with Moodle 3.5.
% Future versions of this package might include some support for
% specifying your version of Moodle in the |.tex| file to help ensure compatibility.
% 
% As the ultimate purpose of this package is the generation of XML files,
% future versions of \textsf{moodle} will attempt to maintain backwards 
% compatability with earlier versions regarding the XML output, apart from
% bug fixes.  
% Backwards compatibility of the PDF output is not yet guaranteed, however,
% in case the author or users discover better ways for the PDF to display 
% the underlying XML data to be proofread.
% 
% In other words, compiling your current |.tex| file with a future version 
% of \textsf{moodle} should produce the same XML file it does now 
% (apart from bug fixes),
% but it might produce a more informative, and hence different,
% PDF output.
% 
% 
% \section{Unrelated Tip: Quality of Moodle \TeX\ Images}
% This has nothing to do with \textsf{moodle}, but is a Frequently Asked Question
% in is own right.
% On some servers, at least, Moodle's default ``\TeX\ Filter'' for 
% displaying mathematical notation is of abysmally poor quality, rending mathematics
% as low-resolution PNG's.  One solution that has worked for me is to go 
% to ``Course Administration $\to$ Filters,'' turn ``\TeX\ Notation'' \emph{off},
% but turn ``MathJax'' \emph{on}.  This forces \TeX\ code to be rendered by MathJax
% instead of Moodle, producing much higher-quality results.
% 
% ^^A\clearpage
% \changes{v0.5}{2016/01/05}{Initial version}
% \changes{v0.6}{2019/02/18}{Bux-fixing release}
% \changes{v0.7}{2020/07/09}{Feature extensions}
% \changes{v0.8}{2021/01/04}{Bug fixes and feature extensions}
% \begin{changelog}[title={Version History},author={Matthieu Guerquin-Kern}]
%   \begin{version}[version=0.8,date=2021-01-04]
%     \added
%       \item Support for inclusion of GIF pictures.
%       \item Added package option |svg| to avoid the rasterization of vector graphics.
%       \item New macro |\setsubcategory| to define subcategories, reflected in PDF and XML.
%       \item Package option |handout| for sharing PDF with students.
%       \item Extensions can be omitted when including pictures.
%       \item Description question type.
%       \item \LuaLaTeX\ is now supported (and recommended for UTF8-coded sources).
%       \item Examples of ways to reproduce the behavior of calculated questions.
%       \item Command to trigger the automatic recording of new commands.
%       \item Mechanism to match |fraction| key to values accepted by Moodle.
%       \item A |fractiontol| key to control the tolerance in this mechanism.
%       \item Support for inverted punctuation marks |¿| and |¡|.
%       \item Support for |\_| and |\textbackslash|.
%       \item Support for the wildcard character as an answer in numerical questions.
%     \changed
%       \item Template of Essay questions is now shown in PDF.
%       \item The macro |\setcategory| is reflected by a new section in PDF.
%       \item In matching questions, warnings are raised if the number of items is insufficient.
%       \item Improved display of matching questions in PDF.
%       \item The package \textsf{iftex} is now required.
%       \item An error is thrown when |fraction| is set to an invalid value.
%       \item In numerical questions, the tolerance can be set in exponent form.
%       \item Nicer PDF rendering of numbers in numerical questions if \textsf{siunitx} is loaded.
%       \item Included PNG and JPEG files are now directly converted to base64.
%     \fixed
%       \item TeX's inline math (|$...$|) can now contain escaped dollar signs (|\$|).
%       \item Closing braces escaped in cloze subquestions outside math environment.
%       \item The scope of the |tolerance| key is now respected.
%   \end{version}
%   \begin{version}[version=0.7,date=2020-09-06]
%     \added
%       \item Support for inclusion of verbatim code.
%       \item Package option \texttt{tikz}.
%       \item Support for |\"Y| and |\"y|.
%       \item New commands converted to XML.
%       \item Adding a stamp comment in XML, package option offered to disable
%             this behavior.
%       \item Support for the |\tikz| command.
%       \item A different directory can be specified for picture inclusion.
%       \item Warn user of the \texttt{babel} package set for french that autospacing
%             must be deactivated.
%       \item Square bracket math delimiters are recognized and converted properly.
%       \item Support of breve and caron diacritical marks.
%     \changed
%       \item In multi with multiple answers allowed, choosing all options no longer
%             results in a good grade. An automatic penalty mechanism is introduced.
%             Can be overridden by manually setting fractions.
%     \removed
%       \item Irrelevant \texttt{penalty} tag in cloze subquestions.
%     \fixed
%       \item Non-integer fractions can now be specified in cloze subquestions.
%       \item Signifiantly squeeze PNG images size by skipping ancillary data.
%       \item Enumerate or itemize environment can now be nested in question items.
%       \item Several pictures can be included in a question without being mixed
%             in the XML file.
%       \item management and rendering of fraction in questions.
%       \item Correctly handling a \LaTeX\ starting the last item of a question.
%       \item Closing braces escaped in cloze subquestions. This allows \LaTeX\
%             equations or images to be included.
%       \item Image inclusion with MacOS.
%   \end{version}
%   \begin{version}[version=0.6b,date=2019-11-27]
%     \added
%       \item New package options to set section or subsection at the quiz level.
%       \item True/False question type is now supported.
%       \item Moodle tags can now be specified for questions (and rendered in PDF
%             as well).
%       \item In cloze questions, the \texttt{multiresponse} subquestion type is
%             now supported.
%     \removed
%       \item External dependency on \texttt{OpenSSL}.
%       \item Irrelevant tags were written in XML for matching questions.
%     \fixed
%       \item \TikZ\ externalization now works when using \XeLaTeX.
%       \item It is now possible to set points manually among several correct
%             answers in multichoice questions.
%       \item General feedbacks can now contain backslashes.
%       \item Several quizzes can now be defined in a single source file, each
%             specifying a category for Moodle's question bank.
%       \item Correct encoding information in now written in XML depending on
%             the \LaTeX\ compiler used.
%   \end{version}
%   \begin{version}[version=0.6a,date=2019-06-21]
%     \added
%       \item \XeLaTeX\ is now recommended when using UTF8-encoded sources (support
%             of accents).
%       \item Feedbacks are now displayed in the PDF file produced.
%       \item The \texttt{optipng} utility is used (and required) to reduce the size
%             of images embedded in the XML file.
%       \item Question options and settings are now displayed in the PDF file
%       \item Supporting more \LaTeX\ macros for symbols and accents (mostly
%             diacritical marks and ligatures).
%       \item Introduce shuffle options in cloze-multi subquestions.
%       \item Package option \texttt{final}.
%     \changed
%       \item In draft mode, \TikZ\ externalization in no longer triggered.
%     \fixed
%       \item In the different question types, the feedback fields are now converted
%             for HTML allowing \LaTeX\ equation and images.
%       \item Documentation improvements (limitations and previously undocumented
%             features).
%   \end{version}
%   \shortversion{version=0.5,date=2016-01-05,simple,changes=Initial version,author={Anders O.F. Hendrickson}}
% \end{changelog}
%
% \StopEventually{}
%
% \section{Implementation}
% \subsection{Packages, Options, and Utilities}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\ifmoodle@draftmode
\newif\ifmoodle@handout
\newif\ifmoodle@stampmode
\newif\ifmoodle@tikz
\newif\ifmoodle@tikzloaded
\newif\ifmoodle@svg
\newif\ifmoodle@section
\newif\ifmoodle@subsection
\newif\ifmoodle@numbered

%%DECLARATION OF OPTIONS
\DeclareOption{draft}{\moodle@draftmodetrue}
\DeclareOption{handout}{\moodle@handouttrue}
\DeclareOption{final}{\moodle@draftmodefalse}
\DeclareOption{nostamp}{\moodle@stampmodefalse}
\DeclareOption{tikz}{\moodle@tikztrue}
\DeclareOption{svg}{\moodle@svgtrue}
\DeclareOption{section}{\moodle@sectiontrue\moodle@numberedtrue}
\DeclareOption{section*}{\moodle@sectiontrue\moodle@numberedfalse}
\DeclareOption{subsection}{\moodle@sectionfalse\moodle@numberedtrue}
\DeclareOption{subsection*}{\moodle@sectionfalse\moodle@numberedfalse}

\moodle@draftmodefalse
\moodle@handoutfalse
\moodle@stampmodetrue
\moodle@tikzfalse
\moodle@tikzloadedfalse
\moodle@svgfalse
\moodle@subsectiontrue
\moodle@numberedfalse

\ProcessOptions

\RequirePackage{environ} %To be able to take environment body as a macro argument
\RequirePackage{xkeyval} %For key-handling
\RequirePackage{amssymb} %For \checkmark symbol
%\RequirePackage{trimspaces} %To remove extra spaces from strings (loaded by environ)
\RequirePackage{etex}    %Expansion control, detokenization, etc.
\RequirePackage{etoolbox}%List management
\RequirePackage{xpatch}  %To patch commands easily in HTML mode
\RequirePackage{array}   %For formatting tables in the LaTeX mode of Clozes
\RequirePackage{ifplatform} % To choose Ghostscript commands
\@ifpackageloaded{iftex}{}{\RequirePackage{iftex}}
% iftex already required by recent versions of ifplatform. Needed to know:
%     1) whether we can convert output from PDF to PNG (ifpdf), 
%     2) when output pdf is latin1-encoded (ifpdf)
%     3) when output xml is utf8-encoded (if?tex)
\@ifundefined{ifpdf}{\RequirePackage{ifpdf}}{}% old iftex would not define the conditional
\RequirePackage{shellesc} %Luatex-compatible way of getting system access
\RequirePackage{fancybox} %For fancy LaTeX tags
\RequirePackage{getitems} %To gather the header and items
\ifmoodle@handout
  \RequirePackage[seed=42]{randomlist} %To randomize answers in matching questions
\fi
\ifmoodle@svg
  \RequirePackage{graphicx} %To include graphics
\fi

\let\xa=\expandafter
\def\@star{*}%
\def\@hundred{100}%
\def\@fifty{50}%
\def\@moodle@empty{}%
\def\@relax{\relax}%
\def\@moodle@par{\par}%

% Taken from https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/47576/combining-ifxetex-and-ifluatex-with-the-logical-or-operation
\@ifundefined{ifTUTeX}{
  \newif\ifTUTeX % a new conditional starts as false
  \ifnum 0\ifXeTeX 1\fi\ifLuaTeX 1\fi>0%
    \TUTeXtrue
  \fi
}{}%
\newif\ifpdfoutput % a new conditional starts as false
\ifnum 0\ifTUTeX 1\fi\ifPDFTeX\ifpdf 1\fi\fi>0%
   \pdfoutputtrue
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% As the package involves a fair bit of file processing,
% we automate the naming of auxiliary files.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\jobnamewithsuffixtomacro#1#2{%
  \filenamewithsuffixtomacro{#1}{\jobname}{#2}%
}
\def\@jn@quote{"}%
\def\filenamewithsuffixtomacro#1#2#3{%
  % #1 = macro to create
  % #2 = filename to add suffix to
  % #3 = suffix to add
  \edef\jn@suffix{#3}%
  \def\jn@macro{#1}%
  \xa\testforquote#2\@jn@rdelim
}
\def\testforquote#1#2\@jn@rdelim{%
  \def\jn@test@i{#1}%
  \ifx\jn@test@i\@jn@quote
    % Involves quotes
    \edef\jn@next{"\jn@stripquotes#1#2\jn@suffix"}%
  \else
    \edef\jn@next{#1#2\jn@suffix}%
  \fi
  \xa\xdef\jn@macro{\jn@next}%
}
\def\jn@stripquotes"#1"{#1}%


\jobnamewithsuffixtomacro{\outputfilename}{-moodle.xml}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Next, we create macros to open and close the Moodle XML file
% we will be writing.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newwrite\moodle@outfile
\def\openmoodleout{%
  \immediate\openout\moodle@outfile=\outputfilename\relax
  \ifPDFTeX % latin1-based engines (pdflatex or latex)
    \writetomoodle{<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>}%
  \else
    \ifTUTeX % UTF8-based engines (XeTeX or LuaTeX)
      \writetomoodle{<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>}%
    \else % what shall we do?
      \writetomoodle{<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>}%
      %\stop
    \fi
  \fi
  \ifmoodle@stampmode
    \def\moodle@stamp{This file was generated on \the\year-\two@digits\month-\two@digits\day}
    \ifPDFTeX % pdflatex or latex
      \ifpdf % pdflatex
        \g@addto@macro{\moodle@stamp}{ by pdfLaTeX }%
      \else % latex
        \g@addto@macro{\moodle@stamp}{ by LaTeX }%
      \fi
    \else
      \ifXeTeX % xetex
        \g@addto@macro{\moodle@stamp}{ by XeLaTeX }%
      \else
        \ifLuaTeX % luatex
          \g@addto@macro{\moodle@stamp}{ by LuaLaTeX }%
        \else
          \g@addto@macro{\moodle@stamp}{ a TeX engine }%
        \fi
      \fi
    \fi
    \writetomoodle{<!-- \moodle@stamp -->}%
    \def\moodle@stamp{running on \platformname}%
    \g@addto@macro{\moodle@stamp}{ with the package moodle v0.8 }%
    \writetomoodle{<!-- \moodle@stamp -->}%
  \fi
  \immediate\write\moodle@outfile{}%
  \writetomoodle{<quiz>}%
}%
\def\closemoodleout{%
  \writetomoodle{ }%
  \writetomoodle{</quiz>}%
  \immediate\closeout\moodle@outfile
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% 
% To both make this |.sty| file and the XML output more readable,
% we create a mechanism for writing to the output file with indents.
% The macro |\calculateindent|\marg{$n$} globally defines 
% |\moodle@indent| to be a string of \meta{$n$} |\otherspace|'s.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\calculateindent#1{%
  \bgroup
    \count0=\number#1\relax
    \gdef\moodle@indent{}%
    \calculateindent@int
  \egroup
}%
\def\calculateindent@int{%
  \ifnum\count0>0\relax
    \g@addto@macro{\moodle@indent}{\otherspace}%
    \advance\count0 by -1\relax
    \expandafter
    \calculateindent@int
  \fi
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% Now the command |\writetomoodle|\oarg{n}\marg{stuff} adds the line 
% ``\meta{stuff}'' to the XML file
% preceded by an indent of \meta{n} spaces.
% Note that this command |\edef|'s its second argument.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand\writetomoodle[2][0]{%
  \edef\test@ii{#2}%
  \ifnum#1=0\relax
    \immediate\write\moodle@outfile{\test@ii}%
  \else
    \calculateindent{#1}%
    \immediate\write\moodle@outfile{\moodle@indent\trim@pre@space{\test@ii}}%
  \fi
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% We now create the main |quiz| environment that will contain
% the questions we write.  It outputs to XML as a |<question type="category">| tag.
%    \begin{macrocode}
{\catcode`\$=12\catcode`\ =12% in this context we cannot indent with spaces...
\gdef\moodle@write@category@xml#1{%
\@moodle@ifgeneratexml{%
\writetomoodle{ }%
\writetomoodle{<question type="category">}%
\writetomoodle{  <category>}%
\writetomoodle{    <text>$course$/top/#1</text>}%
\writetomoodle{  </category>}%
\writetomoodle{</question>}%
\writetomoodle{ }%
}{}%
}}%
\newcommand*\@enumeratename{enumerate}%
\newenvironment{quiz}[2][]{%
  \setkeys{moodle}{#1}%
  \gdef\setcategory##1{%
    % At first call (end of \begin{quiz}) enumerate is not started yet
    \ifx\@currenvir\@enumeratename
      % In case no question is defined between two calls of \setcategory
      \def\@noitemerr{\@latex@warning{Empty question list}}%
      \end{enumerate}%
    \fi
    \gdef\moodle@currentcategory{##1}%
    \moodle@write@category@xml{##1}%
    \ifmoodle@section
      \ifmoodle@numbered
        \section{##1}%
      \else
        \section*{##1}%
      \fi
    \else
      \ifmoodle@numbered
        \subsection{##1}%
      \else
        \subsection*{##1}%
      \fi
    \fi
    \begin{enumerate}%
  }%
  \gdef\setsubcategory##1{%
    \def\@noitemerr{\@latex@warning{Empty question list}}%
    \end{enumerate}%
    \moodle@write@category@xml{\moodle@currentcategory/##1}%
    \ifmoodle@section
      \ifmoodle@numbered
        \subsection{##1}%
      \else
        \subsection*{##1}%
      \fi
    \else
      \ifmoodle@numbered
        \subsubsection{##1}%
      \else
        \subsubsection*{##1}%
      \fi
    \fi
    \begin{enumerate}%
  }%
  \setcategory{#2}%
}{%
  \end{enumerate}%
  \let\setcategory\relax
  \let\setsubcategory\relax
}%

%    \end{macrocode}                       
% The next utility takes a single macro control sequence |#1|,
% and allows that macro's current value to persist
% after the next |\egroup|, |}|, or |\endgroup|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\passvalueaftergroup#1{%
  \xa\xa\xa\gdef\xa\xa\csname moodle@remember@\string#1\endcsname\xa{\xa\def\xa#1\xa{#1}}%
  \xa\aftergroup\csname moodle@remember@\string#1\endcsname
}
%    \end{macrocode}                       
%
% \subsubsection{Main Switch: to create XML or not}
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\long\def\@moodle@ifgeneratexml#1#2{%
  % If we are generating XML, do #1; otherwise do #2.
  \tikzifexternalizing{%
    % This run of LaTeX is currently ONLY generating a Tikz image
    % to be saved in an external file.  We do NOT want to waste time
    % generating XML, and moreover trying to do so would cause errors
    % because of file dependencies.
    #2%
  }{%
    \ifmoodle@draftmode
      #2%
    \else
      #1%
    \fi
  }%
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Now the macros |openmoodleout| and |closemoodleout| are triggered at Begin and End Document, respectively
%    \begin{macrocode}
\AfterEndPreamble{
  \@moodle@ifgeneratexml{%
    \openmoodleout%
  }{}%
}
\AtEndDocument{
  \@moodle@ifgeneratexml{%
    \closemoodleout%
  }{}%
}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Key-Value Pairs for Quiz Questions}
% 
% The various options are set using key-value syntax of |xkeyval|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\moodleset#1{\setkeys{moodle}{#1}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% We first define some macros that will help us write other macros.
% Calling |\generate@moodle@write@code|\marg{name}|<|\meta{HTML tag}|>|\marg{text to write}
% creates a macro |\moodle@write|\meta{name}, taking no parameters,
% which writes the code |<|\meta{HTML tag}|>...</|\meta{HTML tag}|>|
% to the output XML file.
% 
% The ordinary version |\generate@moodle@write@code| passes its output text |#3|
% through the HTMLizer, producing HTML code, while the starred variant
% |\generate@moodle@write@code*| passes |#3| verbatim as text.
% 
% For example, 
% |\generate@moodle@write@code{excuse}<EXC>{\theexcuse}|
% would expand to
% \begin{Verbatim}[gobble=4,frame=single]
%   \gdef\moodle@writeexcuse{%
%     \xa\def\xa\test@iii\xa{\theexcuse}%
%     \ifx\test@iii\@moodle@empty
%       \writetomoodle[2]{  <EXC format="html"><text/></EXC>}%
%     \else
%       \xa\converttohtmlmacro\xa\moodle@htmltowrite\xa{\theexcuse}%
%       \writetomoodle[2]{  <EXC format="html">}%
%       \writetomoodle[4]{    <text><![CDATA[<p>\moodle@htmltowrite</p>]]></text>}%
%       \writetomoodle[2]{  </EXC>}%
%     \fi
%   }%
% \end{Verbatim}
% but 
% |\generate@moodle@write@code*{excuse}<EXC>{\theexcuse}|
% would expand only to
% \begin{Verbatim}[gobble=4,frame=single]
%   \gdef\moodle@writeexcuse{%
%      \writetomoodle[2]{  <EXC>\theexcuse</EXC>}%
%   }
% \end{Verbatim}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\generate@moodle@write@code{%
  \@ifnextchar*\generate@moodle@write@data\generate@moodle@write@html
}%

\def\generate@moodle@write@html#1<#2>#3{%
  % #1 = NAME for \moodle@writeNAME
  % #2 = HTML tag
  % #3 = what, exactly, to write
  \xa\gdef\csname moodle@write#1\endcsname{%
    \xa\def\xa\test@iii\xa{#3}%
    \ifx\test@iii\@moodle@empty
      \writetomoodle[2]{  <#2 format="html"><text/></#2>}%
    \else
      \xa\converttohtmlmacro\xa\moodle@htmltowrite\xa{#3}%
      \writetomoodle[2]{  <#2 format="html">}%
      \writetomoodle[4]{    <text><![CDATA[<p>\moodle@htmltowrite</p>]]></text>}%
      \writetomoodle[2]{  </#2>}%
    \fi
  }%
}%

\def\generate@moodle@write@html@noptag#1<#2>#3{%
	% No <P>..</P> introduced
	% #1 = NAME for \moodle@writeNAME
	% #2 = HTML tag
	% #3 = what, exactly, to write
	\xa\gdef\csname moodle@write#1\endcsname{%
		\xa\def\xa\test@iii\xa{#3}%
		\ifx\test@iii\@moodle@empty
		\writetomoodle[2]{  <#2 format="html"><text/></#2>}%
		\else
		\xa\converttohtmlmacro\xa\moodle@htmltowrite\xa{#3}%
		\writetomoodle[2]{  <#2 format="html">}%
		\writetomoodle[4]{    <text><![CDATA[\moodle@htmltowrite]]></text>}%
		\writetomoodle[2]{  </#2>}%
		\fi
	}%
}%

\def\generate@moodle@write@data*#1<#2>#3{%
  % #1 = NAME for \moodle@writeNAME
  % #2 = HTML tag
  % #3 = what, exactly, to write
  \xa\gdef\csname moodle@write#1\endcsname{%
    \writetomoodle[2]{  <#2>#3</#2>}%
  }%
}%

\def\generate@moodle@write@tags#1{%
  % #1 = NAME for \moodle@writeNAME
  % #3 = what, exactly, to write
  \xa\gdef\csname moodle@writetags\endcsname{%
    %\xa\xa\xdef\xa\xa\ds\xa\xa{Encountered '\string #1'}\show\ds
    \xa\xdef\xa\test@iii\xa{\moodle@tags}%
    \ifx\test@iii\@moodle@empty\relax\else
      \xa\converttohtmlmacro\xa\moodle@htmltowrite\xa{\moodle@tags}%
      \writetomoodle[2]{  <tags>}%
      \writetomoodle[4]{    <tag><text><![CDATA[\moodle@htmltowrite]]></text></tag>}%
      \writetomoodle[2]{  </tags>}%
    \fi
  }%
}%

%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Keys for all question types}
%    \begin{macrocode}
%% QUESTIONNAME
      \define@cmdkey{moodle}[moodle@]{questionname}{}%
%      \gdef\moodle@writequestionname{%
%        \writetomoodle[2]{<name>}%
%        \writetomoodle[4]{  <text>\moodle@questionname</text>}%
%        \writetomoodle[2]{</name>}%
%      }%
%\generate@moodle@write@code{questionname}<name>{\moodle@questionname}%
\generate@moodle@write@html@noptag{questionname}<name>{\moodle@questionname}%

%% QUESTIONTEXT
      %I tried to use questiontext as a key, but it doesn't seem to work.
      %The trouble is that xkeyval has trouble parsing a key with a \par token followed by a comma within brackets,
      %like \setkeys{moodle}{questiontext={ABC\par [D,E]}}
      %It's not worth trying to fix.

      \long\def\questiontext#1{%
        %\converttohtmlmacro\myoutput{#1}%
        %\let\moodle@questiontext=\myoutput%
        \def\moodle@questiontext{#1}%
      }%
      \generate@moodle@write@code{questiontext}<questiontext>{\moodle@questiontext}%{%

%% PENALTY FOR WRONG ATTEMPT
      \define@cmdkey{moodle}[moodle@]{penalty}[0.10]{}%
      \generate@moodle@write@code*{penalty}<penalty>{\moodle@penalty}%
      \moodleset{penalty=0.10}%

%% FEEDBACK
      % Moodle allows for feedback tailored to each question,
      % and feedback tailored to each right or wrong answer.
      % We shall use the key 'feedback' to record both kinds of feedback,
      % relying on TeX's grouping mechanism to keep them apart.
      % When it comes time to write them to XML,
      % \moodle@writegeneralfeedback uses the HTML tag <generalfeedback>
      % whereas \moodle@writefeedback uses the tag <feedback>.
      % Note that the general feedback is NOT inherited by each answer!
      \define@cmdkey{moodle}[moodle@]{feedback}[]{}%
      \generate@moodle@write@code{generalfeedback}<generalfeedback>{\moodle@feedback}%
      \generate@moodle@write@code{feedback}<feedback>{\moodle@feedback}%
      \moodleset{feedback={}}%

%% DEFAULT GRADE
      %The next line creates \moodle@defaultgrade,
      %which is how many points the quiz question is worth.
      %Key calls like [default grade=7] set \moodle@defaultgrade.
      \define@cmdkey{moodle}[moodle@]{default grade}[1.0]{}%
      %Next, makes 'points' a synonym for 'default grade'
      \define@key{moodle}{points}[1.0]{\xa\def\csname moodle@default grade\endcsname{#1}} 
      \generate@moodle@write@code*{defaultgrade}<defaultgrade>{\csname moodle@default grade\endcsname}%
      \moodleset{default grade=1.0} %This sets the default.

%% HIDDEN
      \define@boolkey{moodle}[moodle@]{hidden}[true]{}%
      \generate@moodle@write@code*{hidden}<hidden>{\ifmoodle@hidden 1\else 0\fi}%
      \moodleset{hidden=false}%

\def\moodle@writecommondata{%
  \moodle@writequestionname%
  \moodle@writequestiontext%
  \moodle@writedefaultgrade%
  \moodle@writegeneralfeedback%
  \moodle@writepenalty%
  \moodle@writehidden%
}%

%% TAGS
      %The next line creates \moodle@tags,
      %which defines a "tag" (i.e., keyword) for the question.
      %Key calls like [tags={random}] set \moodle@tags.
      \define@cmdkey{moodle}[moodle@]{tags}[]{}%
      \generate@moodle@write@tags{\csname moodle@tags\endcsname}%
      \moodleset{tags}%
% TODO: handle multiple 'tags' for one question

%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Keys for all answers}
%    \begin{macrocode}
%% FRACTION -- how much this answer is worth out of 100 percent
      \define@cmdkey{moodle}[moodle@]{fraction}[100]{}%
      %We do not create \moodle@writefraction, because the fraction occurs in
      %the XML within the answer tag, like <answer fraction="75">.
      \moodleset{fraction=100} %This sets the default.
%    \end{macrocode}
%    \begin{macrocode}
%% FRACTIONTOL -- the tolerance for fractions with respect to valid values
      \define@cmdkey{moodle}[moodle@]{fractiontol}[0.1]{}%
      \moodleset{fractiontol=0.1} %This sets the default.
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Keys for multiple choice questions}
%    \begin{macrocode}

%% SINGLE and MULTIPLE -- for multichoice, is there 1 right answer or more than 1?
      \define@boolkey{moodle}[moodle@]{single}[true]{}%
      \generate@moodle@write@code*{single}<single>{\ifmoodle@single true\else false\fi}%
      \moodleset{single=true}%
      %The key 'multiple' is an antonym to 'single'.
      \define@boolkey{moodle}[moodle@]{multiple}[true]{\ifmoodle@multiple\moodle@singlefalse\else\moodle@singletrue\fi}%

%% SHUFFLE ANSWERS
      \define@boolkey{moodle}[moodle@]{shuffle}[true]{}%
      \generate@moodle@write@code*{shuffle}<shuffleanswers>{\ifmoodle@shuffle 1\else 0\fi}%
      \moodleset{shuffle=true}%

%% TODO: CORRECTFEEDBACK
%% TODO: PARTIALLYCORRECTFEEDBACK
%% TODO: INCORRECTFEEDBACK
%% TODO: NUMCORRECT key

%% NUMBERING -- for numbering of multichoice questions
      \define@choicekey{moodle}{numbering}%
                       {alpha,alph,Alpha,Alph,arabic,roman,Roman,%
                        abc,ABCD,123,iii,IIII,none}[abc]{%
                        \def\moodle@numbering{#1}%
                        \def\test@@i{#1}%
                        \ifx\test@@i\@moodle@alpha
                          \def\moodle@numbering{abc}\fi
                        \ifx\test@@i\@moodle@alph
                          \def\moodle@numbering{abc}\fi
                        \ifx\test@@i\@moodle@Alpha
                          \def\moodle@numbering{ABCD}\fi
                        \ifx\test@@i\@moodle@Alph
                          \def\moodle@numbering{ABCD}\fi
                        \ifx\test@@i\@moodle@arabic
                          \def\moodle@numbering{123}\fi
                        \ifx\test@@i\@moodle@roman
                          \def\moodle@numbering{iii}\fi
                        \ifx\test@@i\@moodle@Roman
                          \def\moodle@numbering{IIII}\fi
                        }%
      %'answer numbering' will be a synonym to 'numbering'
      \define@key{moodle}{answer numbering}[abc]{\setkeys{moodle}{numbering={#1}}}% 
      \generate@moodle@write@code*{answernumbering}<answernumbering>{\moodle@numbering}%
      %N.B. if we did not set the default here, then \moodle@numbering would be undefined, causing problems.
      \moodleset{answer numbering=abc}% 
      
      \def\@moodle@alpha{alpha}%
      \def\@moodle@Alpha{Alpha}%
      \def\@moodle@alph{alph}%
      \def\@moodle@Alph{Alph}%
      \def\@moodle@arabic{arabic}%
      \def\@moodle@roman{roman}%
      \def\@moodle@Roman{Roman}%      
      \def\@moodle@abc{abc}%
      \def\@moodle@ABCD{ABCD}%
      \def\@moodle@arabicnumbers{123}%
      \def\@moodle@iii{iii}%
      \def\@moodle@IIII{IIII}%
      \def\@moodle@none{none}%
      \def\moodle@obeynumberingstyle{%
        \ifx\moodle@numbering\@moodle@abc
          \renewcommand\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}%
        \fi
        \ifx\moodle@numbering\@moodle@ABCD
          \renewcommand\theenumii{\Alph{enumii}}%
        \fi
        \ifx\moodle@numbering\@moodle@arabicnumbers
          \renewcommand\theenumii{\arabic{enumii}}%
        \fi
        \ifx\moodle@numbering\@moodle@iii
          \renewcommand\theenumii{\roman{enumii}}%
        \fi
        \ifx\moodle@numbering\@moodle@IIII
          \renewcommand\theenumii{\Roman{enumii}}%
        \fi
        \ifx\moodle@numbering\@moodle@none
          \renewcommand\labelenumii{$\bullet$~}%
        \fi
      }
      %TODO: * In the PDF, how should 'none' in a multi look different from 
      %         short answer or numerical options?
      %       * Instead of \theenumi and \labelenumi,
      %         use \@enumdepth to automatically set the correct depth.
      
%% DISPLAY MODE -- affects Cloze multiple choice questions only.
      % 0 = inline, 1 = vertical, 2 = horizontal
      \def\moodle@multi@mode{0}%
      \define@key{moodle}{inline}[]{\def\moodle@multi@mode{0}}%
      \define@key{moodle}{vertical}[]{\def\moodle@multi@mode{1}}%
      \define@key{moodle}{horizontal}[]{\def\moodle@multi@mode{2}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Keys for numerical questions}
%    \begin{macrocode}
%% TOLERANCE
      \define@cmdkey{moodle}[moodle@]{tolerance}[0]{}%
      \moodleset{tolerance=0}%
      %There is no \moodle@writetolerance, because in the XML the
      %tolerance is given within the answer tag,
      %like <answer fraction=100 tolerance=0.03>.

% TODO: implement unit-handling for numerical questions!
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Keys for short answer questions}
%    \begin{macrocode}
%% CASE SENSITIVE
      \define@boolkey{moodle}[moodle@]{case sensitive}[true]{}%
      \generate@moodle@write@code*{usecase}<usecase>{\csname ifmoodle@case sensitive\endcsname 1\else 0\fi}%
      % We make 'usecase' a synonym for 'case sensitive'.
      \define@boolkey{moodle}[moodle@]{usecase}[true]{\ifmoodle@usecase\csname moodle@case sensitivetrue\endcsname\else\csname moodle@case sensitivefalse\endcsname\fi}%
      \moodleset{case sensitive=false}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Keys for matching questions}
%    \begin{macrocode}
%% DRAG-AND-DROP FORMAT
      \define@boolkey{moodle}[moodle@]{draganddrop}[true]{}%
      % We make 'dd' and 'dragdrop' and 'drag and drop' synonyms for 'draganddrop'.
      \define@boolkey{moodle}[moodle@]{dd}[true]{\ifmoodle@dd\moodle@draganddroptrue\else\moodle@draganddropfalse\fi}%
      \define@boolkey{moodle}[moodle@]{drag and drop}[true]{\moodle@ddsynonym}%
      \def\moodle@ddsynonym{%
        \csname ifmoodle@drag and drop\endcsname
          \moodle@draganddroptrue
        \else
          \moodle@draganddropfalse
        \fi
      }
      \moodleset{draganddrop=false}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Keys for essay questions}
%    \begin{macrocode}
%% EDITOR
      \def\@moodle@html{html}%
      \def\@moodle@htmlfile{html+file}%
      \def\@moodle@text{text}%
      \def\@moodle@plain{plain}%
      \def\@moodle@monospaced{monospaced}%
      \def\@moodle@file{file}%
      \def\@moodle@noinline{noinline}%
      \define@choicekey{moodle}{response format}%
                       {html,html+file,text,monospaced,file}[html]%
                       {\def\test@i{#1}%
                        \ifx\test@i\@moodle@html
                          % HTML Editor
                          \def\moodle@responseformat{editor}% 
                        \fi
                        \ifx\test@i\@moodle@htmlfile
                          % HTML Editor with File Picker
                          \def\moodle@responseformat{editorfilepicker}%
                        \fi
                        \ifx\test@i\@moodle@text
                          % Plain text
                          \def\moodle@responseformat{plain}%
                        \fi
                        \ifx\test@i\@moodle@plain
                          % Plain text
                          \def\moodle@responseformat{plain}%
                        \fi
                        \ifx\test@i\@moodle@monospaced
                          % Plain text, monospaced font
                          \def\moodle@responseformat{monospaced}%
                        \fi
                        \ifx\test@i\@moodle@file
                          % No inline text (i.e., attachments only)
                          \def\moodle@responseformat{noinline}%
                        \fi
                        \ifx\test@i\@moodle@noinline
                          % No inline text (i.e., attachments only)
                          \def\moodle@responseformat{noinline}%
                        \fi
                       }%
      \generate@moodle@write@code*{responseformat}<responseformat>{\moodle@responseformat}%
      \moodleset{response format=html}% 
      %N.B. if we did not set a default, then \moodle@responseformat would be undefined, causing problems.

%% RESPONSE REQUIRED
      \define@boolkey{moodle}[moodle@]{response required}[true]{}%
      % TODO: Make synonym 'required'
      \generate@moodle@write@code*{responserequired}<responserequired>{\csname ifmoodle@response required\endcsname 1\else 0\fi}%
      \moodleset{response required=false}%

%% RESPONSEFIELDLINES
      \define@cmdkey{moodle}[moodle@]{response field lines}[15]{}%
      \generate@moodle@write@code*{responsefieldlines}<responsefieldlines>{\csname moodle@response field lines\endcsname}%
      %Make synonyms 'input box size' or 'height' or 'lines'?
      \moodleset{response field lines=15}% N.B. if we do not set a default, then \moodle@responseformat will be undefined, causing problems.

%% ATTACHMENTS ALLOWED
      \def\@moodle@unlimited{unlimited}%
      \define@choicekey{moodle}{attachments allowed}{0,1,2,3,unlimited}[1]{%
        \def\test@i{#1}%
        \ifx\test@i\@moodle@unlimited
          \def\moodle@attachmentsallowed{-1}%
        \else
          \def\moodle@attachmentsallowed{#1}%
        \fi
      }
      \generate@moodle@write@code*{attachmentsallowed}<attachments>{\moodle@attachmentsallowed}
      \moodleset{attachments allowed=0}%

%% ATTACHMENTS REQUIRED
      \define@choicekey{moodle}{attachments required}{0,1,2,3}[1]{\def\moodle@attachmentsrequired{#1}}%
      \generate@moodle@write@code*{attachmentsrequired}<attachmentsrequired>{\moodle@attachmentsrequired}
      \moodleset{attachments required=0}%

%% RESPONSE TEMPLATE
      \define@key{moodle}{template}{\long\def\moodle@responsetemplate{#1}}%
      \generate@moodle@write@html@noptag{responsetemplate}<responsetemplate>{\moodle@responsetemplate}
      \moodleset{template={}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Hint tags}
% The following are not yet fully implemented.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%% SHOWNUMCORRECT
      \define@boolkey{moodle}[moodle@]{shownumcorrect}[true]{}%
      \gdef\moodle@writeshownumcorrect{%
        \if\moodle@shownumcorrect
          \writetomoodle[4]{    <shownumcorrect/>}%
        \fi
      }%
      \moodleset{shownumcorrect=false}%

%% CLEARWRONG
      \define@boolkey{moodle}[moodle@]{clearwrong}[true]{}%
      \gdef\moodle@writeclearwrong{%
        \if\moodle@clearwrong
          \writetomoodle[4]{    <clearwrong/>}%
        \fi
      }%
      \moodleset{clearwrong=false}%

% TODO: Implement hints
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Answer handling}
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}
%The Answers XML depends heavily on the question type.
%Each type of question defines how it obtains answers from the LaTeX input,
%how it typesets those in a PDF or DVI, and how it writes them as XML code.
%It will write that XML to the macro \moodle@answers@xml,
%which them gets written to the file when \moodle@writeanswers
%is invoked.

\def\moodle@answers@xml{}%
\gdef\moodle@writeanswers{%
  \writetomoodle{\moodle@answers@xml}%
}%

\newcommand\addto@xml[3][0]{%
  % #1 = spaces to indent (default=0)
  % #2 = macro containing XML code (possibly empty)
  % #3 = XML text to be appended to that macro (will be \edef'd)
  \calculateindent{#1}%
  \edef\xml@to@add{\moodle@indent\trim@pre@space{#3}}%
  \ifx#2\@moodle@empty
    \edef\newxml{\noexpand#2\xml@to@add}%
  \else
    \edef\newxml{\noexpand#2^^J\xml@to@add}%
  \fi
  \xa\xa\xa\def\xa\xa\xa#2\xa\xa\xa{\newxml}%
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Not yet implemented}
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% CALCULATED %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

% TODO: I don't think I really want to handle this.  Not now.

%    \end{macrocode}

% \subsection{Front Ends}
% This section creates the user interface for the various question types.
% First, we define a generic command to create 
% a front-end environment for a Moodle question type.
% In order to function, the following macros must be hard-coded:
% \begin{itemize}
%   \item |\moodle@|\meta{type}|@latexprocessing|: 
%     Loops through the saved |\item|'s to typeset them in LaTeX,
%     usually inside an itemize or enumerate environment.
%   \item |\save|\meta{type}|answer#1|: 
%     Processes the text of a single |\item| to save the information to memory,
%     usually inside |\moodle@answers@xml|.
%   \item |\write|\meta{type}|question|:
%     Writes the information, hitherto saved only in macros,
%     into the XML file.
% \end{itemize}
% For example, to create the `shortanswer' question type,
% we shall call 
% \begin{Verbatim}[gobble=5,frame=single]
%    \moodle@makefrontend{shortanswer}
%    \def\moodle@shortanswer@latexprocessing{...}
%    \def\saveshortansweranswer#1{...}
%    \def\writeshortanswerquestion{...}
% \end{Verbatim}
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}

\def\moodle@makelatextagbox#1{%
%  \ifmoodle@tikzloaded
%    \tikzset{external/export next=false}
%    \tikz[baseline]{\node[draw,minimum height=1.2em,rounded corners,fill=black!20] {\tiny #1};}
%  % Fancy but interferes with the tikzexternalize counter
%  \else
    \Ovalbox{\tiny #1}
    %\ovalbox{\tiny #1}
    %\shadowbox{\tiny #1}
%  \fi
}%

\def\moodle@makelatextag@qtype#1{%
  \doublebox{\tiny \textsc{#1}}
}%

\def\moodle@makelatextag@value#1#2{%
  \moodle@makelatextagbox{\csname moodle@#1\endcsname~#2}
}%

\def\moodle@makelatextag@key#1{%
  \moodle@makelatextagbox{\csname moodle@#1\endcsname}
}%

\def\moodle@marks#1{point\ifdim#1pt=1pt \else s\fi}

\def\moodle@makefrontend#1#2{%
  \NewEnviron{#1}[2][]{%
    \bgroup
      \setkeys{moodle}{##1,questionname={##2}}%
      \expandafter\gatheritems\xa{\BODY}%
      \let\moodle@questionheader=\gatheredheader
      %First, the LaTeX processing
      \item \textbf{\moodle@questionname}
      \ifmoodle@handout
        \moodle@makelatextag@qtype{#1}
      \else
        \xa\xdef\xa\test@iii\xa{\moodle@tags}%
        \ifx\test@iii\@moodle@empty\relax\else
          \hfill tags: \texttt{\moodle@tags}
        \fi
        \par
        \noindent
        \moodle@makelatextag@qtype{#1}
        \moodle@makelatextag@value{default grade}{\moodle@marks{\csname moodle@default grade\endcsname}}
        \moodle@makelatextag@value{penalty}{penalty}
      \fi
      #2\par
      \noindent
      \moodle@questionheader
      \edef\moodle@generalfeedback{\expandonce\moodle@feedback}
      \csname moodle@#1@latexprocessing\endcsname
      %Now, writing information to XML
      \@moodle@ifgeneratexml{%
        \xa\questiontext\xa{\moodle@questionheader}% Save the question text.
        \csname write#1question\endcsname
        \bgroup
          \gdef\moodle@answers@xml{}%
          \setkeys{moodle}{feedback={}}%
          \xa\loopthroughitemswithcommand\xa{\csname save#1answer\endcsname}%
          \passvalueaftergroup{\moodle@answers@xml}%
        \egroup
        \moodle@writeanswers%
        \moodle@writetags%
        \writetomoodle{</question>}%
      }{}%
    \egroup
  }%
}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Description Question Front-End}
% Description and essay questions are the only question types whose front end
% is not yet created by |\moodle@makefrontend|.
% This is because of what need to be done with their contents.
%
% Description blocks can be empty. In this case, nothing is done.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\let\description\relax% remove the meaning of existing \description and \enddescription
\let\enddescription\relax
\NewEnviron{description}[2][]{%
  \bgroup
    \setkeys{moodle}{#1,questionname={#2}}%
    \let\moodle@questiontext=\BODY
    \trim@spaces@in\moodle@questiontext
    \ifx\moodle@questiontext\@empty\relax\else%
      %First, the LaTeX processing.
      \item \textbf{\moodle@questionname}
      \ifmoodle@handout\else
        \xa\xdef\xa\test@iii\xa{\moodle@tags}%
        \ifx\test@iii\@moodle@empty\relax\else
          \hfill tags: \texttt{\moodle@tags}%
        \fi
        \par
        \noindent
      \fi
      \moodle@makelatextag@qtype{description}\par
      \noindent
      \moodle@questiontext\par
      \ifmoodle@handout\else
        \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\relax\else
          \fbox{\parbox{\linewidth}{\emph{\moodle@feedback}}}%
        \fi
      \fi
      %Now, writing information to memory.
      \@moodle@ifgeneratexml{%
        \writetomoodle{<question type="description">}%
        \moodle@writecommondata
        \moodle@writetags%
        \writetomoodle{</question>}%
      }{}%
    \fi
  \egroup
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Essay Question Front-End}
% The front end is not yet created by |\moodle@makefrontend| because of
% what must must be done with the |\item|'s.
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\moodle@essay@latexprocessing{%
  % Moodle cannot automatically grade an essay, 
  % but if the user puts \item's in, we can list them in an itemize as notes.
  \par\noindent \emph{Notes for grader:}
  \moodle@questionheader
  \ifnum\c@numgathereditems>0\relax
    \begin{itemize} \setlength\itemsep{0pt}\setlength\parskip{0pt}%
      \loopthroughitemswithcommand{\moodle@print@essay@answer}%
    \end{itemize}%
  \fi
  \ifx\moodle@generalfeedback\@empty\relax\else%
    \fbox{\parbox{\linewidth}{\emph{\moodle@generalfeedback}}}%
  \fi
}

\NewEnviron{essay}[2][]{%
  \bgroup
    \setkeys{moodle}{#1,questionname={#2}}%
    \expandafter\gatheritems\expandafter{\BODY}%
    \let\moodle@questionheader=\gatheredheader
    %First, the LaTeX processing.
      \item \textbf{\moodle@questionname}
      \ifmoodle@handout
        \moodle@makelatextag@qtype{essay}
      \else
        \xa\xdef\xa\test@iii\xa{\moodle@tags}%
        \ifx\test@iii\@moodle@empty\relax\else
          \hfill tags: \texttt{\moodle@tags}
        \fi
        \par
        \noindent
        \moodle@makelatextag@qtype{essay}
        \moodle@makelatextag@value{default grade}{\moodle@marks{\csname moodle@default grade\endcsname}}
        \moodle@makelatextag@value{penalty}{penalty}
        \moodle@makelatextag@key{responseformat}
      \fi
      \par
      \noindent
      \ifx\moodle@responsetemplate\@empty\relax\else%
        \par\noindent \emph{Template:}
        \par\fbox{\parbox{\linewidth}{\moodle@responsetemplate}}\par
      \fi
      \edef\moodle@generalfeedback{\expandonce\moodle@feedback}
      \ifmoodle@handout\else
        \csname moodle@essay@latexprocessing\endcsname
      \fi
    %Now, writing information to memory.
    \@moodle@ifgeneratexml{%
      \xa\questiontext\xa{\moodle@questionheader}% Save the question text.
      \writeessayquestion
      \bgroup
        \gdef\moodle@answers@xml{}%
        %
        \ifnum\c@numgathereditems=0\relax
          \addto@xml[2]\moodle@answers@xml{<graderinfo format="html"><text/></graderinfo>}%
        \else
          \addto@xml[2]\moodle@answers@xml{<graderinfo format="html"><text><![CDATA[}%
          \ifnum\c@numgathereditems>1\relax
            \addto@xml[4]\moodle@answers@xml{<ul>}%
          \fi
          \loopthroughitemswithcommand{\moodle@savegraderinfo}%
          \ifnum\c@numgathereditems>1\relax
            \addto@xml[4]\moodle@answers@xml{</ul>}%
          \fi
          \addto@xml[2]\moodle@answers@xml{]]></text></graderinfo>}%
        \fi
        %
        \passvalueaftergroup{\moodle@answers@xml}%
      \egroup
      \moodle@writeanswers% The 'answers' XML really contains the grader info.
      \moodle@writeresponsetemplate%
      \moodle@writetags%
      \writetomoodle{</question>}%
    }{}%
  \egroup
}%

%%%% TODO
%%%% To make essay work will be tough.
%%%% Every line from \ifnum\c@numgathereditems=0\relax through its \else and \fi,
%%%% with the exception of
%%%%          \xa\loopthroughitemswithcommand\xa{\csname save#1answer\endcsname}%
%%%% , does not exist in our current \moodle@makefrontend code.
%%%% How can we cope?
%%%%
%%%% Idea: change \moodle@makefrontend so that
%%%%       1. if \c@numgathereditems=0, we don't do anything.
%%%%       2. it calls a preamble and postamble around the \loopthroughitemswithcommand.
%%%%          Like this:
%%%%            
%%%%      \@moodle@ifgeneratexml{%
%%%%        \xa\questiontext\xa{\moodle@questionheader}% Save the question text.
%%%%        \bgroup
%%%%          \gdef\moodle@answers@xml{}%
%%%%          \setkeys{moodle}{feedback={}}%
%%%%          \@ifundefined{moodle@#1@answers@preamble}{}{}%
%%%%          \csname moodle@#1@answers@preamble\endcsname
%%%%          \ifnum\c@numgathereditems=0\relax
%%%%            \relax
%%%%          \else
%%%%            \xa\loopthroughitemswithcommand\xa{\csname save#1answer\endcsname}%
%%%%          \fi
%%%%          \@ifundefined{moodle@#1@answers@postamble}{}{}%
%%%%          \csname moodle@#1@answers@postamble\endcsname
%%%%          \passvalueaftergroup{\moodle@answers@xml}%
%%%%        \egroup
%%%%        \csname write#1question\endcsname
%%%%      }{}%
%%%% The \@ifundefined lines should automatically define the 
%%%% \...@preamble \...@postamble macros to be \relax if they don't exist already.

\gdef\writeessayquestion{%
  \writetomoodle{<question type="essay">}%
    \moodle@writecommondata%
    \moodle@writeresponserequired%
    \moodle@writeresponseformat%
    \moodle@writeresponsefieldlines%
    \moodle@writeattachmentsallowed%
    \moodle@writeattachmentsrequired%
}%

\def\moodle@print@essay@answer#1{%
    \item #1%
}%


\def\moodle@savegraderinfo#1{%
  %\def\ds{#1}\show\ds
  \bgroup
    \moodle@savegraderinfo@int#1\moodle@answer@rdelim
    \passvalueaftergroup{\moodle@answers@xml}%
  \egroup
}%
\newcommand\moodle@savegraderinfo@int[1][]{%
  \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=0,#1}%
  \moodle@savegraderinfo@int@int%
}%
\def\moodle@savegraderinfo@int@int#1\moodle@answer@rdelim{%
  \def\moodle@answertext{#1}
  \xa\converttohtmlmacro\xa\moodle@answertext@html\xa{\moodle@answertext}%
  %\trim@spaces@in\moodle@answertext
  \ifnum\c@numgathereditems>1\relax
    \addto@xml[6]{\moodle@answers@xml}{<li>\moodle@answertext@html</li>}%
  \else
    \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{\moodle@answertext@html}%
  \fi
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Short Answer Question Front-End}
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\blank{\rule{1in}{0.5pt}}%
% TODO: Make an optional argument for width?  This wouldn't affect Moodle,
%        only the appearance in the PDF.  It doesn't seem worth it.

%\NewEnviron{shortanswer}[2][]{%
%   \bgroup
%     \setkeys{moodle}{#1,questionname={#2}}%
%     \expandafter\gatheritems\xa{\BODY}%
%     \let\moodle@questionheader=\gatheredheader
%     %First, the LaTeX processing.
%       \item \textbf{\moodle@questionname}
%       \csname ifmoodle@case sensitive\endcsname
%         \framebox{\tiny Case-Sensitive}\relax
%       \fi
%       \framebox{\tiny\csname moodle@default grade\endcsname~points}
%       \framebox{\tiny\csname moodle@penalty\endcsname~penalty}\par
%       \noindent
%       \moodle@questionheader
%       \csname moodle@shortanswer@latexprocessing\endcsname
%     %Now, writing information to memory.
%     \@moodle@ifgeneratexml{%
%       \xa\questiontext\xa{\moodle@questionheader}% Save the question text.
%       \bgroup
%         \gdef\moodle@answers@xml{}%
%         \setkeys{moodle}{feedback={}}%
%         \xa\loopthroughitemswithcommand\xa{\csname 
%         saveshortansweranswer\endcsname}%
%         \passvalueaftergroup{\moodle@answers@xml}%
%       \egroup
%       \csname writeshortanswerquestion\endcsname
%     }{}%
%   \egroup
% }%

\moodle@makefrontend{shortanswer}{\moodle@makelatextag@shortanswer}%

% LATEX PROCESSING

\def\moodle@makelatextag@shortanswer{%
  \csname ifmoodle@case sensitive\endcsname
    \moodle@makelatextagbox{Case-Sensitive}\relax
  \else
    \moodle@makelatextagbox{Case-Insensitive}\relax
  \fi
}

\ifmoodle@handout
  \let\moodle@shortanswer@latexprocessing\relax
\else
  \def\moodle@shortanswer@latexprocessing{%
    \begin{itemize} \setlength\itemsep{0pt}\setlength\parskip{0pt}%
      \loopthroughitemswithcommand{\moodle@print@shortanswer@answer}%
    \end{itemize}%
    \ifx\moodle@generalfeedback\@empty\relax\else%
      \fbox{\parbox{\linewidth}{\emph{\moodle@generalfeedback}}}%
    \fi
  }
\fi

   \def\moodle@print@shortanswer@answer#1{%
       \let\moodle@feedback=\@empty
       \moodle@print@shortanswer@answer@int#1\@rdelim
   }%
   \newcommand\moodle@print@shortanswer@answer@int[1][]{%
     \setkeys{moodle}{#1}%
     \moodle@print@shortanswer@answer@int@int%
   }%
   \def\moodle@print@shortanswer@answer@int@int#1\@rdelim{%
     \ifx\moodle@fraction\@hundred
       \item #1$~\checkmark$%
     \else
       \moodle@checkfraction
       \item #1$~(\moodle@fraction\%)$%
     \fi
     \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\relax\else
       \hfill \emph{$\rightarrow$ \moodle@feedback}
     \fi
   }%

% SAVING ANSWERS TO MEMORY
\def\saveshortansweranswer#1{%
  \bgroup
    \saveshortansweranswer@int#1\moodle@answer@rdelim
    \passvalueaftergroup{\moodle@answers@xml}%
  \egroup
}%
   \newcommand\saveshortansweranswer@int[1][]{%
     \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=100,#1}%                  %%%%%% DEFAULT VALUE IS 100%
     \saveshortansweranswer@int@int%
   }%
   \def\saveshortansweranswer@int@int#1\moodle@answer@rdelim{%
     \def\moodle@answertext{#1}%
     \trim@spaces@in\moodle@answertext
     \moodle@checkfraction
     \addto@xml[2]{\moodle@answers@xml}{<answer fraction="\moodle@fraction" format="plain_text">}%
     \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <text>\moodle@answertext</text>}%
     \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\relax\else
       \trim@spaces@in\moodle@feedback
       \xa\converttohtmlmacro\xa\moodle@feedback@html\xa{\moodle@feedback}%
       \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <feedback format="html"><text><![CDATA[<p>\moodle@feedback@html</p>]]></text></feedback>}%
     \fi
     \addto@xml[2]{\moodle@answers@xml}{</answer>}%
   }%

% WRITING QUESTION TO XML FILE
\gdef\writeshortanswerquestion{%
  \writetomoodle{<question type="shortanswer">}%
    \moodle@writecommondata%
    \moodle@writeusecase%
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Numerical Question Front-End}
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\moodle@makefrontend{numerical}{\moodle@makelatextag@numerical}%

% LATEX PROCESSING

\def\moodle@makelatextag@numerical{}

\AtEndPreamble{
  \@ifpackageloaded{siunitx}{\def\moodle@printnum{\num[omit-uncertainty,copy-decimal-marker]}}{\let\moodle@printnum\trim@spaces}%
}

\ifmoodle@handout
  \let\moodle@numerical@latexprocessing\relax
\else
  \def\moodle@numerical@latexprocessing{%
    \begin{itemize} \setlength\itemsep{0pt}\setlength\parskip{0pt}%
      \loopthroughitemswithcommand{\moodle@print@numerical@answer}%
    \end{itemize}%
    \ifx\moodle@generalfeedback\@empty\relax\else%
      \fbox{\parbox{\linewidth}{\emph{\moodle@generalfeedback}}}%
    \fi
  }
\fi

   \def\moodle@print@numerical@answer#1{%
       \let\moodle@feedback=\@empty
       \bgroup
         \moodle@print@numerical@answer@int#1\@rdelim
       \egroup
   }%
   \newcommand\moodle@print@numerical@answer@int[1][]{%
     \setkeys{moodle}{#1}%
     \moodle@print@numerical@answer@int@int%
   }%
   \def\moodle@print@numerical@answer@int@int#1\@rdelim{%
     \xdef\test@i{\trim@spaces{#1}}%
     \ifx\test@i\@star
       \item \test@i
     \else
       \item \moodle@printnum{#1}%
       \ifnum\z@=\moodle@tolerance\else
         $\,\pm\,$\moodle@printnum{\moodle@tolerance}%
       \fi
     \fi
     \ifx\moodle@fraction\@hundred
       $~\checkmark$%
     \else
       \moodle@checkfraction
       $~(\moodle@fraction\%)$%
     \fi
     \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\relax\else
       \hfill \emph{$\rightarrow$ \moodle@feedback}%
     \fi
   }%

% SAVING ANSWERS TO MEMORY
\def\savenumericalanswer#1{%
  \bgroup
    \savenumericalanswer@int#1\moodle@answer@rdelim
    \passvalueaftergroup{\moodle@answers@xml}%
  \egroup
}%
   \newcommand\savenumericalanswer@int[1][]{%
     \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=100,#1}%                  %%%%%% DEFAULT VALUE IS 100%
     \savenumericalanswer@int@int%
   }%
   \def\savenumericalanswer@int@int#1\moodle@answer@rdelim{%
     \def\moodle@answertext{#1}%
     \trim@spaces@in\moodle@answertext
     \moodle@checkfraction
     \addto@xml[2]{\moodle@answers@xml}{<answer fraction="\moodle@fraction" format="plain_text">}%
     \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <text>\moodle@answertext</text>}%
     \ifx\moodle@answertext\@star\else
       \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <tolerance>\moodle@tolerance</tolerance>}%
     \fi
     \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\relax\else
       \trim@spaces@in\moodle@feedback
       \xa\converttohtmlmacro\xa\moodle@feedback@html\xa{\moodle@feedback}%
       \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <feedback format="html"><text><![CDATA[<p>\moodle@feedback@html</p>]]></text></feedback>}%
     \fi
     \addto@xml[2]{\moodle@answers@xml}{</answer>}%
   }%


% WRITING QUESTION TO XML FILE
\gdef\writenumericalquestion{%
  \writetomoodle{<question type="numerical">}%
    \moodle@writecommondata%
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Multiple Choice Question Front-End}
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}
%Multiple choice has the structure
% \begin{multi}[options]{name}%
%   What is 5+7?
%   \item 13
%   \item* 12
%   \item 11
% \end{multi}%

\moodle@makefrontend{multi}{\moodle@makelatextag@multi}%

% LATEX PROCESSING

\def\moodle@makelatextag@multi{%
  \ifmoodle@multiple
    \moodle@makelatextagbox{Multiple}\relax%
  \else
    \moodle@makelatextagbox{Single}\relax%
  \fi
  \ifmoodle@handout\else
    \ifmoodle@shuffle
      \moodle@makelatextagbox{Shuffle}\relax%
    \fi
  \fi
}

\def\moodle@multi@latexprocessing{%
  \moodle@countcorrectanswers%
  \ifmoodle@handout\NewList{answerlist}\fi
  \begin{enumerate}\moodle@obeynumberingstyle%
    %\renewcommand{\theenumi}{\alph{enumi}}%
    \setlength\itemsep{0pt}\setlength\parskip{0pt}%
    \loopthroughitemswithcommand{\moodle@print@multichoice@answer}%
    \ifmoodle@handout
      \ifmoodle@shuffle
        \let\moodle@multi@loop=\ForEachRandomItem
      \else
        \let\moodle@multi@loop=\ForEachFirstItem
      \fi
      \moodle@multi@loop{answerlist}{Answer}{\Answer}%
    \fi
  \end{enumerate}%
  \ifmoodle@handout\else
    \ifx\moodle@generalfeedback\@empty\relax\else%
      \fbox{\parbox{\linewidth}{\emph{\moodle@generalfeedback}}}%
    \fi
  \fi
}
  \def\moodle@print@multichoice@answer#1{%
    \let\moodle@feedback=\@empty%
    \moodle@print@multichoice@answer@int#1 \@rdelim%
  }%
  \newcommand\moodle@print@multichoice@answer@int[1][]{%
    \let\moodle@fraction\@empty%
    \setkeys{moodle}{#1}%
    \moodle@print@multichoice@answer@int@int%
  }%
  \def\moodle@print@multichoice@answer@int@int#1#2\@rdelim{%
    \def\test@i{#1}%
    \def\test@ii{#2}%
    \def\moodle@answertext{\item }%
    \ifx\test@i\@star%
      \g@addto@macro\moodle@answertext{#2}%
      \ifmoodle@single%
        \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=100}%
      \else
        \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=\moodle@autopoints}%
      \fi
    \else
      \g@addto@macro\moodle@answertext{#1#2}%
    \fi
    \trim@spaces@in\moodle@answertext%
    \trim@spaces@in\moodle@answertext%
    \ifmoodle@handout\else
      \ifmoodle@single%
        \ifx\moodle@fraction\@empty\relax%
          \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=0}%
        \fi
        \ifx\moodle@fraction\@hundred%
          \trim@spaces@in\moodle@answertext%
          \g@addto@macro\moodle@answertext{$~\checkmark$}%
        \else
          \moodle@checkfraction
          \ifdim0pt=\moodle@fraction pt\relax\else%
            \g@addto@macro\moodle@answertext{$~(\moodle@fraction\%)$}%
          \fi
        \fi
      \else% multiple
        \ifx\moodle@fraction\@empty\relax%
          \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=\moodle@autosanctions}%
        \fi
        \moodle@checkfraction
        \g@addto@macro\moodle@answertext{$~(\moodle@fraction\%)$}%
      \fi
    \fi
    \ifmoodle@handout
      \def\temp{\InsertLastItem{answerlist}}%
      \xa\temp\xa{\moodle@answertext}%
    \else
      \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\relax\else%
        \g@addto@macro\moodle@answertext{\hfill \emph{$\rightarrow$ \moodle@feedback}}%
      \fi
      \moodle@answertext
    \fi
  }%

% COMMON UTILITY: COUNTING CORRECT ANSWERS (AND A BIT MORE...)
   \newcounter{moodle@numcorrectanswers}% count the stars
   \newcounter{moodle@numincorrectanswers}% count the items without fraction key indicated
   \newlength{\moodle@pointspercorrect}%
   \newlength{\moodle@pointsperincorrect}%
   \newlength{\moodle@sumofpositivefractions}% sums user-set positive fractions
   \newlength{\moodle@sumofnegativefractions}% sums user-set negative fractions
   \def\moodle@countcorrectanswers{%
     \setcounter{moodle@numcorrectanswers}{0}%
     \setcounter{moodle@numincorrectanswers}{0}%
     \global\setlength{\moodle@pointspercorrect}{100pt}%
     \global\setlength{\moodle@pointsperincorrect}{-100pt}%
     \global\setlength{\moodle@sumofpositivefractions}{0pt}%
     \global\setlength{\moodle@sumofnegativefractions}{0pt}%
     \loopthroughitemswithcommand{\moodle@countcorrectanswers@a}%
     \global\advance\moodle@pointspercorrect by-\moodle@sumofpositivefractions\relax%
     \def\ds{\strip@pt\moodle@sumofpositivefractions}%
     \ifnum0=\c@moodle@numcorrectanswers\relax%
       % autopoints will never be used but we check if the sum of positive fractions is 100%
       \ifdim\moodle@pointspercorrect<-\moodle@fractiontol pt\relax%
         \PackageWarning{moodle}{Positive fractions sum up to more than 100 (here: \ds)}%
       \else
         \ifdim\moodle@pointspercorrect>\moodle@fractiontol pt\relax%
           \PackageError{moodle}{Positive fractions sum up to less than 100 (here: \ds)}%
         \fi
       \fi
     \else
       \ifdim0pt<\moodle@pointspercorrect\relax\else%
         % we have starred items so the sum of user-set positive fractions must be less than 100%
         % otherwise, starred items would lead to penalties
         \PackageError{moodle}{Positive fractions sum up to 100 or more (here: \ds):
                                there is no positive points left to be given to starred items.}%
       \fi
       \global\divide\moodle@pointspercorrect by \c@moodle@numcorrectanswers\relax%
     \fi
     \gdef\moodle@autopoints{\strip@pt\moodle@pointspercorrect}%
     \global\advance\moodle@pointsperincorrect by-\moodle@sumofnegativefractions\relax%
     \def\ds{\strip@pt\moodle@sumofnegativefractions}%
     \ifnum0=\c@moodle@numincorrectanswers\relax%
       % autosanctions will never be used and
       % we do not care about the sum of negative fractions (might be less than -100)
     \else
       \ifdim0pt<\moodle@pointsperincorrect\relax%
         % we have items without fractions set: to prevent auto sanctions from becoming bonuses,
         % such items are neutralized.
         \PackageWarning{moodle}{Negative fractions sum up to -100 or less (here: \ds):
                                  items with no fraction key set will be considered as neutral.}%
         \global\setlength{\moodle@pointsperincorrect}{0pt}%
       \fi
       \global\divide\moodle@pointsperincorrect by \c@moodle@numincorrectanswers\relax%
     \fi
     \gdef\moodle@autosanctions{\strip@pt\moodle@pointsperincorrect}%
   }
   \def\moodle@countcorrectanswers@a#1{%
     %The grouping is to keep key answer-specific key changes local.
     \bgroup
       \moodle@countcorrectanswers@b#1\moodle@answer@rdelim
     \egroup
   }%
   \newcommand\moodle@countcorrectanswers@b[1][]{%
     %\ifx&#1&%
       \let\moodle@fraction\@empty%
       \setkeys{moodle}{#1}%
       \moodle@countcorrectanswers@c%
     %\fi
   }%
   \def\moodle@countcorrectanswers@c#1#2\moodle@answer@rdelim{%
     \def\test@i{#1}%
     \ifx\test@i\@star
       \stepcounter{moodle@numcorrectanswers}%
     \else
       \ifx\moodle@fraction\@empty\relax%
         \stepcounter{moodle@numincorrectanswers}%
       \else
         \ifdim0pt<\moodle@fraction pt\relax%
           \global\addtolength{\moodle@sumofpositivefractions}{\moodle@fraction pt}%
         \else
           \global\addtolength{\moodle@sumofnegativefractions}{\moodle@fraction pt}%
         \fi
       \fi
     \fi
   }%
   \newlength{\test@fraction}%
   \newlength{\test@lower}%
   \newlength{\test@upper}%
   \def\moodle@fractionerror{%
     \def\ds{\moodle@fraction}%
     \PackageError{moodle}{the current fraction is not a valid value (here: \ds)}%
   }
   {\catcode`|=3\relax
   \gdef\moodle@validfractionlist{0|5|10|11.11111|12.5|14.28571|16.66667|20|25|30|33.33333|40|50|60|66.66667|70|75|80|83.33333|90|100}}%
   \def\moodle@isfractionnear#1{%
     \setlength{\test@lower}{#1 pt}%
     \addtolength{\test@lower}{-\moodle@fractiontol pt}%
     \setlength{\test@upper}{#1 pt}%
     \addtolength{\test@upper}{\moodle@fractiontol pt}%
     \ifdim\test@upper>\test@fraction\relax
       \ifdim\test@lower<\test@fraction\relax
         \gdef\test@fractionmatched{#1}%
       \fi
     \fi
   }
   \def\moodle@checkfraction{%
     %\def\test@i{#1}%
     \setlength{\test@fraction}{\moodle@fraction pt}%
     % take the absolute value
     \ifdim0pt>\test@fraction\relax%
       \setlength{\test@fraction}{-\moodle@fraction pt}%
     \fi
     % test if the fraction is an admissible value
     \let\test@fractionmatched\@empty
     \forlistloop{\moodle@isfractionnear}{\moodle@validfractionlist}%
     \ifx\test@fractionmatched\@empty\relax
       \moodle@fractionerror%
     \fi
     \ifdim\moodle@fraction pt<-\moodle@fractiontol pt\relax%
       \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=-\test@fractionmatched}%
     \else
       \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=\test@fractionmatched}%
     \fi
   }
% TODO: Put these macros in same order as other sections'.

% SAVING ANSWERS TO MEMORY
\def\savemultianswer#1{%
  \bgroup
    \savemultianswer@int#1 \moodle@answer@rdelim
    \passvalueaftergroup{\moodle@answers@xml}%
  \egroup
}%
  \newcommand\savemultianswer@int[1][]{%
    \let\moodle@fraction\@empty%
    \setkeys{moodle}{#1}%
    \savemultianswer@int@int%
  }%
  \def\savemultianswer@int@int#1#2\moodle@answer@rdelim{%
    \def\test@i{#1}%
    \ifx\test@i\@star
      \ifmoodle@single
        \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=100}%
      \else
        \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=\moodle@autopoints}%
      \fi
      \def\moodle@answertext{#2}%
    \else
      \def\moodle@answertext{#1#2}%
    \fi
    \ifx\moodle@fraction\@empty\relax%
      \ifmoodle@single\relax
        \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=0}%
      \else% multiple
        \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=\moodle@autosanctions}%
      \fi
    \fi
    \trim@spaces@in\moodle@answertext
    \trim@spaces@in\moodle@answertext
    \moodle@checkfraction
    \addto@xml[2]{\moodle@answers@xml}{<answer fraction="\moodle@fraction" format="html">}%
    \xa\converttohtmlmacro\xa\moodle@answertext@html\xa{\moodle@answertext}%
    \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <text><![CDATA[<p>\moodle@answertext@html</p>]]></text>}%
    \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\relax\else
      \trim@spaces@in\moodle@feedback
      \xa\converttohtmlmacro\xa\moodle@feedback@html\xa{\moodle@feedback}%
      \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <feedback format="html"><text><![CDATA[<p>\moodle@feedback@html</p>]]></text></feedback>}%
    \fi
    \addto@xml[2]{\moodle@answers@xml}{</answer>}%
  }%

% WRITING QUESTION TO XML FILE
\gdef\writemultiquestion{%
  \writetomoodle{<question type="multichoice">}%
    \moodle@writecommondata%
    \moodle@writesingle%
    \moodle@writeshuffle%
    \moodle@writeanswernumbering%
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{True/False Question Front-End}
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}
% True/False has structure
% \begin{truefalse}[options]{name}%
%   This is a matching question.
%   \item[feedback={feedback for student answering incorrectly "true"}] % first item is for true
%   \item* this is an other way of specifying answer-specific feedback
% \end{truefalse}%

%\moodle@makefrontend{truefalse}{}% We dont use the generic frontend because truefalse has no tunable penalty

\NewEnviron{truefalse}[2][]{%
    \bgroup
      \setkeys{moodle}{#1,questionname={#2}}%
      \expandafter\gatheritems\xa{\BODY}%
      \let\moodle@questionheader=\gatheredheader
      %First, the LaTeX processing
      \item \textbf{\moodle@questionname}
      \ifmoodle@handout
        \moodle@makelatextag@qtype{truefalse}
      \else
        \xa\xdef\xa\test@iii\xa{\moodle@tags}%
        \ifx\test@iii\@moodle@empty\relax\else
          \hfill tags: \texttt{\moodle@tags}
        \fi
        \par
        \noindent
        \moodle@makelatextag@qtype{truefalse}
        \moodle@makelatextag@value{default grade}{\moodle@marks{\csname moodle@default grade\endcsname}}
      \fi
      \par
      \noindent
      \moodle@questionheader
      \edef\moodle@generalfeedback{\expandonce\moodle@feedback}
      \moodle@truefalse@latexprocessing
      %Now, writing information to XML
      \@moodle@ifgeneratexml{%
        \setkeys{moodle}{penalty=1}%
        \xa\questiontext\xa{\moodle@questionheader}% Save the question text.
        \csname writetruefalsequestion\endcsname
        \bgroup
          \gdef\moodle@answers@xml{}%
          \setkeys{moodle}{feedback={}}%
          \xa\loopthroughitemswithcommand\xa{\xa\savetruefalseanswer}%
          \ifnum\c@numgathereditems=1\relax%
            \setcounter{currentitemnumber}{2}%
            \savetruefalseanswer{}
          \fi
          \passvalueaftergroup{\moodle@answers@xml}%
        \egroup
        \moodle@writeanswers%
        \moodle@writetags%
        \writetomoodle{</question>}%
      }{}%
    \egroup
  }%

% LATEX PROCESSING

\def\moodle@truefalse@latexprocessing{%
%  \ifnum\c@numgathereditems>2\relax%
%    \PackageError{moodle}{Expecting at max two answers with truefalse type}
%  \fi
  \setcounter{moodle@numcorrectanswers}{0}%
  \begin{itemize} \setlength\itemsep{0pt}\setlength\parskip{0pt}%
    \loopthroughitemswithcommand{\moodle@print@truefalse@answer}%
    \ifnum\c@currentitemnumber=2%
      \item \textbf{False}%
    \fi
  \end{itemize}
  \ifmoodle@handout\else
    \ifx\moodle@generalfeedback\@empty\relax\else%
      \fbox{\parbox{\linewidth}{\emph{\moodle@generalfeedback}}}%
    \fi
  \fi
  \ifnum\c@moodle@numcorrectanswers=0\relax%
    \PackageError{moodle}{No answer is explicitly marked as correct (*). Be sure one answer leads to points.}%
  \fi
  \ifnum\c@moodle@numcorrectanswers>1\relax%
    \PackageError{moodle}{Two answers are explicitly marked as correct (*). Be sure only one answer leads to points.}%
  \fi
}

   \def\moodle@print@truefalse@answer#1{% here # is all what comes after "\item", that is "[options]* text"
       \let\moodle@feedback=\@empty
       \moodle@print@truefalse@answer@int#1\@rdelim % add an end delimiter:
   }%
   \newcommand\moodle@print@truefalse@answer@int[1][]{% with the optional argument, catch options and set them as keys
     \setkeys{moodle}{#1}%
     \moodle@print@truefalse@answer@int@int% applies to the rest: "* text\@rdelim"
   }%
   \def\moodle@print@truefalse@answer@int@int#1\@rdelim{% this is just to treat appart the case where nothing follows
     \def\test@i{#1}
     \trim@spaces@in\test@i
     \ifx\test@i\@empty\relax
       \moodle@print@truefalse@answer@int@int@empty
     \else
       \moodle@print@truefalse@answer@int@int@int#1\@rdelim
     \fi
   }%
   \def\moodle@print@truefalse@answer@int@int@empty{%
     \ifnum\c@currentitemnumber=1%
	\def\moodle@answertext{True}%
     \fi
     \ifnum\c@currentitemnumber=2%
	\def\moodle@answertext{False}%
     \fi
     \item \textbf{\moodle@answertext}%
     \ifmoodle@handout\else
       \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\relax\else
         ~\hfill \emph{$\rightarrow$ \moodle@feedback}%
       \fi
     \fi
   }%
   \def\moodle@print@truefalse@answer@int@int@int#1#2\@rdelim{%
     \ifnum\c@currentitemnumber=1%
	\def\moodle@answertext{True}%
     \fi
     \ifnum\c@currentitemnumber=2%
	\def\moodle@answertext{False}%
     \fi
     \item \textbf{\moodle@answertext}%
     \ifnum\c@currentitemnumber<3%
       \def\test@i{#1}%
       %\trim@spaces@in\test@i
       \ifx\test@i\@star
         \ifmoodle@handout\else
           ~$\checkmark$%
         \fi
         \stepcounter{moodle@numcorrectanswers}%
       \else
         ~%
       \fi
       \ifmoodle@handout\else
         \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\relax
           \def\test@ii{#2}%
           \trim@spaces@in\test@ii
           \ifx\test@ii\@empty\relax\else
             \ifx\test@i\@star%
               \hfill \emph{$\rightarrow$ #2}%
             \else%
               \hfill \emph{$\rightarrow$ #1#2}%
             \fi
           \fi
         \else
           \hfill \emph{$\rightarrow$ \moodle@feedback}%
         \fi
       \fi
     \fi
   }%

% SAVING ANSWERS TO MEMORY
\def\savetruefalseanswer#1{%
  \bgroup
    \savetruefalseanswer@int#1\moodle@answer@rdelim
    \passvalueaftergroup{\moodle@answers@xml}%
  \egroup
}%
   \newcommand\savetruefalseanswer@int[1][]{%
     \setkeys{moodle}{#1}%
     \savetruefalseanswer@int@int%
   }%
   \def\savetruefalseanswer@int@int#1\moodle@answer@rdelim{%
     \def\test@i{#1}
     \trim@spaces@in\test@i
     \ifx\test@i\@empty\relax
       \savetruefalseanswer@int@int@empty
     \else
       \savetruefalseanswer@int@int@int#1\moodle@answer@rdelim
     \fi
   }%
   \def\savetruefalseanswer@int@int@empty{%
     \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=0}%
     \ifnum\c@currentitemnumber=1%
	\def\moodle@answertext{true}%
     \fi
     \ifnum\c@currentitemnumber=2%
	\def\moodle@answertext{false}%
     \fi
     \ifnum\c@currentitemnumber<3%
       \addto@xml[2]{\moodle@answers@xml}{<answer fraction="\moodle@fraction" format="plain_text">}%
       \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <text>\moodle@answertext</text>}%
       \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\relax\else
         \trim@spaces@in\moodle@feedback
         \xa\converttohtmlmacro\xa\moodle@feedback@html\xa{\moodle@feedback}%
         \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <feedback format="html"><text><![CDATA[<p>\moodle@feedback@html</p>]]></text></feedback>}%
       \fi
       \addto@xml[2]{\moodle@answers@xml}{</answer>}%
     \fi
   }%
   \def\savetruefalseanswer@int@int@int#1#2\moodle@answer@rdelim{%
     \def\test@i{#1}%
     \ifx\test@i\@star
       \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=100}%
     \else
       \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=0}%
     \fi
     \ifnum\c@currentitemnumber=1%
	\def\moodle@answertext{true}%
     \fi
     \ifnum\c@currentitemnumber=2%
	\def\moodle@answertext{false}%
     \fi
     \ifnum\c@currentitemnumber<3%
       \addto@xml[2]{\moodle@answers@xml}{<answer fraction="\moodle@fraction" format="plain_text">}%
       \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <text>\moodle@answertext</text>}%
       \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\relax
         \def\test@ii{#2}
         \ifx\test@ii\@empty\relax\else
           \ifx\test@i\@star
             \xa\converttohtmlmacro\xa\moodle@feedback@html\xa{#2}%
           \else%
             \xa\converttohtmlmacro\xa\moodle@feedback@html\xa{#1#2}%
           \fi%
           \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <feedback format="html"><text><![CDATA[<p>\moodle@feedback@html</p>]]></text></feedback>}%
         \fi
       \else
         \trim@spaces@in\moodle@feedback
         \xa\converttohtmlmacro\xa\moodle@feedback@html\xa{\moodle@feedback}%
         \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <feedback format="html"><text><![CDATA[<p>\moodle@feedback@html</p>]]></text></feedback>}%
       \fi
       \addto@xml[2]{\moodle@answers@xml}{</answer>}%
     \fi
   }%

% WRITING QUESTION TO XML FILE
\gdef\writetruefalsequestion{%
  \writetomoodle{<question type="truefalse">}%
    \moodle@writecommondata%
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Matching Question Front-End}
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\let\answer=\hfill

\moodle@makefrontend{matching}{\moodle@makelatextag@matching}%

% LATEX PROCESSING

\def\moodle@makelatextag@matching{%
  \ifmoodle@handout\else
    \ifmoodle@draganddrop
      \moodle@makelatextagbox{Drag and drop}\relax%
    \fi
    \ifmoodle@shuffle
      \moodle@makelatextagbox{Shuffle}\relax%
    \fi
  \fi
}

\def\moodle@matching@latexprocessing{%
  \bgroup
    %\let\answer=\hfill
    \par%\noindent
    \ifmoodle@handout
      \NewList{questionlist}
      \NewList{answerlist}
    \fi
    \def\matching@table@text{}%
    %  \ifnum\c@numgathereditems>2\relax%
%    \PackageError{moodle}{Expecting at max two answers with truefalse type}
%  \fi
    \setcounter{moodle@numcorrectanswers}{0}% Here this counter is for "questions" (items on the left column)
    \loopthroughitemswithcommand{\moodle@print@matching@answer}%
    \ifnum\c@numgathereditems<3%
      \PackageWarning{moodle}{Moodle expects at least three "answers" with matching type}
    \fi
    \ifnum\c@moodle@numcorrectanswers<2%
      \PackageWarning{moodle}{Moodle expects at least two "questions" with the matching type}
    \fi
    \ifmoodle@handout
      \ifmoodle@shuffle
        \let\moodle@matching@loop=\ForEachRandomItem
      \else
        \let\moodle@matching@loop=\ForEachFirstItem
      \fi
      \moodle@matching@loop{questionlist}{Question}{
        \xdef\test@i{\Question}%
        \ExtractRandomItem{answerlist}{Answer}%
        \ifx\test@i\@empty
          \xdef\matching@table@text{\expandonce\matching@table@text & & $\bullet$~\expandonce\Answer\\}%
        \else
          \xdef\matching@table@text{\expandonce\matching@table@text\expandonce\Question~$\bullet$ & & $\bullet$~\expandonce\Answer\\}%
        \fi
      }%
    \fi
    \begin{tabular}{@{}>{\raggedleft}p{.45\linewidth}p{.1\linewidth}p{.45\linewidth}@{}}%
      \matching@table@text
    \end{tabular}%
    \par
    \ifmoodle@handout\else
      \ifx\moodle@generalfeedback\@empty\relax\else%
        \fbox{\parbox{\linewidth}{\emph{\moodle@generalfeedback}}}%
      \fi
    \fi
  \egroup
}

\long\def\moodle@print@matching@answer#1{%
  \moodle@print@matching@answer@int#1 \@rdelim
}%
\newcommand\moodle@print@matching@answer@int[1][]{%
  \moodle@print@matching@answer@int@int
}%
\long\def\moodle@print@matching@answer@int@int#1\answer#2\@rdelim{%
  %\typeout{\string#1 \answer \string#2}%
  \def\test@i{#1}%
  \trim@spaces@in\test@i
  \ifmoodle@handout
    \ifx\test@i\@empty
      \InsertLastItem{questionlist}{\@empty}%
    \else
      \InsertLastItem{questionlist}{#1}%
    \fi
    \InsertLastItem{answerlist}{#2}%
  \else
    \ifx\test@i\@empty
      \g@addto@macro\matching@table@text{&&$\bullet$~#2\\}%
    \else
      \stepcounter{moodle@numcorrectanswers}%
      \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\matching@table@text\xa{\test@i~$\bullet$&\leavevmode\cleaders\hb@xt@.44em{\hss$\cdot$\hss}\hfill\kern\z@&$\bullet$~#2\\}%
    \fi
  \fi
}%


% SAVING ANSWERS TO MEMORY
\long\def\savematchinganswer#1{%
  \bgroup
    \savematchinganswer@int#1 \moodle@answer@rdelim%
    \passvalueaftergroup{\moodle@answers@xml}%
  \egroup
}%
   \newcommand\savematchinganswer@int[1][]{%
     \setkeys{moodle}{#1}%
     \savematchinganswer@int@int%\space
   }%
   \long\def\savematchinganswer@int@int#1\answer#2\moodle@answer@rdelim{%
     %\typeout{\string#1 \answer \string#2}%
     % Note that #1 may simply be \relax.
     \def\moodle@subquestiontext{#1}%
     \def\moodle@subanswertext{#2}%
     \trim@spaces@in\moodle@subquestiontext
     \xa\converttohtmlmacro\xa\moodle@subquestiontext@htmlized\xa{\moodle@subquestiontext}%
     \trim@spaces@in\moodle@subanswertext
     \ifmoodle@draganddrop
       \xa\converttohtmlmacro\xa\moodle@subanswertext@htmlized\xa{\moodle@subanswertext}%
     \fi
     \addto@xml[2]{\moodle@answers@xml}{<subquestion format="html">}%
     \ifx\moodle@subquestiontext\@empty
       \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <text></text>}%
     \else
       \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <text><![CDATA[<p>\moodle@subquestiontext@htmlized</p>]]></text>}%
     \fi
     \ifmoodle@draganddrop
%       \show\moodle@subanswertext@htmlized
       \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <answer format="html"><text><![CDATA[<p>\moodle@subanswertext@htmlized</p>]]></text></answer>}%
     \else
%       \show\moodle@subanswertext
       \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <answer><text>\moodle@subanswertext</text></answer>}%
     \fi
%     \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\relax\else
%       \trim@spaces@in\moodle@feedback
%       \xa\converttohtmlmacro\xa\moodle@feedback@html\xa{\moodle@feedback}%
%       \addto@xml[4]{\moodle@answers@xml}{  <feedback 
%format="html"><text><![CDATA[<p>\moodle@feedback@html</p>]]></text></feedback>}%
%     \fi
     \addto@xml[2]{\moodle@answers@xml}{</subquestion>}%
   }%

% WRITING QUESTION TO XML FILE
\gdef\writematchingquestion{%
  \ifmoodle@draganddrop
    \writetomoodle{<question type="ddmatch">}%
  \else
    \writetomoodle{<question type="matching">}%
  \fi
    \moodle@writecommondata%
%    \moodle@writesingle% %irrelevant for the matching type
    \moodle@writeshuffle%
%    \moodle@writeanswernumbering% %irrelevant for the matching type
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Cloze Questions}
% Because cloze questions are so complicated, they get their own section of code.
% The cloze strategy is as follows.
% 
% All subquestions show up as part of the question body text.
% For each type of subquestion, we have a cloze-version environment
% that actually has 2 versions, depending on whether we are doing LaTeX or XML processing.
% So the main environment is quite typical: 
% \begin{enumerate}
%   \item Process the body as LaTeX.
%         During this run, a |\begin{multi}| etc.~will be processed for display onscreen.
%   \item Then save the body as the questiontext for XML.
%         During this run, a |\begin{multi}| etc.~will be parsed and turned into
%         cloze code as part of the XML questiontext.
% \end{enumerate}
%    \begin{macrocode}
% LATEX PROCESSING
% SAVING ANSWERS TO MEMORY

\newif\ifmoodle@clozemode
\moodle@clozemodefalse
\NewEnviron{cloze}[2][]{%
  \bgroup
    \setkeys{moodle}{default grade=1}%
    \setkeys{moodle}{#1,questionname={#2}}%
    % A cloze question won't have any \item's in it, so we just use \BODY.
    \moodle@enableclozeenvironments
    %First, the LaTeX processing.
      \item \textbf{\moodle@questionname}
      \ifmoodle@handout
        \moodle@makelatextag@qtype{cloze}
      \else
        \xa\xdef\xa\test@iii\xa{\moodle@tags}%
        \ifx\test@iii\@moodle@empty\relax\else
          \hfill tags: \texttt{\moodle@tags}
        \fi
        \par
        \noindent
        \moodle@makelatextag@qtype{cloze}
        \moodle@makelatextag@value{default grade}{\moodle@marks{\csname moodle@default grade\endcsname}}
        \moodle@makelatextag@value{penalty}{penalty}
      \fi
      \par
      \noindent
      \BODY
      \edef\moodle@generalfeedback{\expandonce\moodle@feedback}
      %\csname moodle@cloze@latexprocessing\endcsname
      \ifmoodle@handout\else
        \ifx\moodle@generalfeedback\@empty\relax\else%
          \fbox{\parbox{\linewidth}{\emph{\moodle@generalfeedback}}}%
        \fi
      \fi
    %Now, writing information to memory.
    \@moodle@ifgeneratexml{%
      \xa\questiontext\xa{\BODY}% Save the question text as HTML.
      \writeclozequestion
    }{}%
  \egroup%
}

\def\moodle@enableclozeenvironments{%
  \let\multi=\clozemulti
  \let\endmulti=\endclozemulti
  \let\numerical=\clozenumerical
  \let\endnumerical=\endclozenumerical
  \let\shortanswer=\clozeshortanswer
  \let\endshortanswer=\endclozeshortanswer
}

% WRITING QUESTION TO XML FILE
\gdef\writeclozequestion{%
  \writetomoodle{<question type="cloze">}%
    \moodle@writecommondata%
    \moodle@writetags%
  \writetomoodle{</question>}%
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Cloze Multiple Choice Questions}
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}

\NewEnviron{clozemulti}[1][]{%
  \bgroup
    \setkeys{moodle}{default grade=1}%
    \setkeys{moodle}{#1}%
    \expandafter\gatheritems\xa{\BODY}%
    \let\moodle@questionheader=\gatheredheader
    \ifhtmlizer@active
      %HTML version
      \def\moodle@clozemulti@output{}%
      \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\moodle@clozemulti@output\xa{\moodle@questionheader}%
      \def\clozemulti@coding{}%
      \edef\clozemulti@coding{\csname moodle@default grade\endcsname:}%
      \ifmoodle@multiple
        \PackageWarning{moodle}{Cloze Multiresponse only supported by Moodle 3.5+}
        \g@addto@macro{\clozemulti@coding}{MULTIRESPONSE}%
      \else
        \g@addto@macro{\clozemulti@coding}{MULTICHOICE}%
      \fi
      \ifcase\moodle@multi@mode\relax
         % Case 0: dropdown box style
         \ifmoodle@shuffle
           \g@addto@macro{\clozemulti@coding}{_}%
         \fi
      \or
        % Case 1: vertical style
        \ifmoodle@multiple
          \PackageError{moodle}{Vertical mode (dropdown box) incompatible with multiresponse.}
        \else
          \g@addto@macro{\clozemulti@coding}{_V}%
        \fi
      \else
        % Case 2: horizontal radio buttons
        \g@addto@macro{\clozemulti@coding}{_H}%
      \fi
      \ifmoodle@shuffle
        \PackageWarning{moodle}{Cloze Multi Shuffling only supported by Moodle 3.0+}
        \g@addto@macro{\clozemulti@coding}{S:}%
      \else
        \g@addto@macro{\clozemulti@coding}{:}%
      \fi
      \bgroup
        \setkeys{moodle}{feedback={}}%
        \loopthroughitemswithcommand{\saveclozemultichoiceanswer}%
      \egroup
      %\xa\g@addto@macro\xa\clozemulti@coding\xa{\clozerbrace}%
      \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\moodle@clozemulti@output\xa{\xa\clozelbrace\clozemulti@coding\clozerbrace}%
      %\show\moodle@clozemulti@output
      \xa\gdef\xa\htmlize@afteraction@hook\xa{\moodle@clozemulti@output}%
      \def\endclozemulti@code{\htmlize@patchendenvironment}%
    \else
      %LaTeX version
      \moodle@questionheader% %Any introductory text just continues to be typeset.
      \par
      \noindent
      \moodle@makelatextag@qtype{multi}
      \ifmoodle@handout\else
        \moodle@makelatextag@value{default grade}{\moodle@marks{\csname moodle@default grade\endcsname}}
        \moodle@makelatextag@multi
      \fi
      \def\cloze@multichoice@table@text{}%
      \ifmoodle@handout\NewList{answerlist}\fi
      %\let\moodle@feedback=\@empty
      \loopthroughitemswithcommand{\moodle@print@clozemultichoice@answer}%
      \ifmoodle@handout
        \ifmoodle@shuffle
          \let\moodle@clozemult@loop=\ForEachRandomItem
        \else
          \let\moodle@clozemult@loop=\ForEachFirstItem
        \fi
        \moodle@clozemult@loop{answerlist}{Answer}{
          \xdef\cloze@multichoice@table@text{\expandonce\cloze@multichoice@table@text\expandonce\Answer}%
        }%
      \fi
      \ifcase\moodle@multi@mode\relax
        %Case 0: dropdown box style
        \par\noindent
        \ifmoodle@handout
          \begin{tabular}[t]{|p{.45\linewidth}|}
        \else 
          \begin{tabular}[t]{|p{.45\linewidth}|p{.45\linewidth}|}
%          answer & feedback \\\hline\hline
        \fi
          \firsthline% (\firsthline is from the array package.)
          \cloze@multichoice@table@text%
        \end{tabular}%
        \par%
      \or
        %Case 1: vertical style
        \par\noindent
        \begin{itemize}\setlength\itemsep{0pt}\setlength\parskip{0pt}%
          \cloze@multichoice@table@text%
        \end{itemize}%
        \par%
      \else
        %Case 2: horizontal radio buttons
        \par{\cloze@multichoice@table@text}\par%
      \fi
      \def\endclozemulti@code{\relax}%
    \fi
    \passvalueaftergroup\endclozemulti@code%
    \passvalueaftergroup\htmlize@afteraction@hook%
  \egroup%
}[\endclozemulti@code]%


\def\moodle@print@clozemultichoice@answer#1{%
  \let\moodle@feedback=\@empty
  \moodle@print@clozemultichoice@answer@int#1 \@rdelim%
}%
\newcommand\moodle@print@clozemultichoice@answer@int[1][]{%
  \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=0,#1}%
  \moodle@print@clozemultichoice@answer@int@int%
}%
\def\moodle@print@clozemultichoice@answer@int@int#1#2\@rdelim{%
  \def\moodle@answertext{}%
  % Case 0: "(answer) \\ \hline"
  % Case 1: "\item (answer)"
  % Case 2: "$\bullet~$(answer)\hfill"
  \ifcase\moodle@multi@mode\relax
    \relax% Case 0
  \or
    \g@addto@macro\moodle@answertext{\item}% Case 1
  \else
    \g@addto@macro\moodle@answertext{$\bullet~$}% Case 2
  \fi
  \def\test@i{#1}%
  \ifx\test@i\@star
    \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=100}%
    \g@addto@macro\moodle@answertext{#2}%
  \else
    \g@addto@macro\moodle@answertext{#1#2}%
  \fi
  \trim@spaces@in\moodle@answertext
  \trim@spaces@in\moodle@answertext
  \ifmoodle@handout\else
    \ifx\moodle@fraction\@hundred
      \g@addto@macro\moodle@answertext{$~\checkmark$}%
    \else
      \moodle@checkfraction
      \ifdim0pt=\moodle@fraction pt\relax\else
        \xdef\moodle@answertext{\expandonce\moodle@answertext$~(\moodle@fraction\%)$}%
      \fi
    \fi
  \fi
  \ifcase\moodle@multi@mode\relax
  % Case 0
    \ifmoodle@handout\else
      \xdef\moodle@answertext{\expandonce\moodle@answertext &\expandonce\emph{\expandonce\moodle@feedback}}%
    \fi
    \g@addto@macro\moodle@answertext{\\\hline}
  \or % Case 1
    \ifmoodle@handout\else
      \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\relax\else
        \xdef\moodle@answertext{\expandonce\moodle@answertext \hfill \expandonce\emph{$\rightarrow$ \expandonce\moodle@feedback}}%
      \fi
    \fi
  \else % otherwise
    \ifmoodle@handout\else
      \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\relax\else
        \xdef\moodle@answertext{\expandonce\moodle@answertext\,\expandonce\emph{$\rightarrow$ \expandonce\moodle@feedback}}%
      \fi
    \fi
    \g@addto@macro\moodle@answertext{\hfill}% Case 2
  \fi
  \ifmoodle@handout
    \def\temp{\InsertLastItem{answerlist}}%
    \xa\temp\xa{\moodle@answertext}%
  \else
    \xdef\cloze@multichoice@table@text{\expandonce\cloze@multichoice@table@text\expandonce\moodle@answertext}%
  \fi
}%

\def\saveclozemultichoiceanswer#1{%
  \bgroup
    \saveclozemultichoiceanswer@int#1 \moodle@answer@rdelim
  \egroup
}%
\newcommand\saveclozemultichoiceanswer@int[1][]{%
  \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=0,#1}%
  \saveclozemultichoiceanswer@int@int%
}%
\def\saveclozemultichoiceanswer@int@int#1#2\moodle@answer@rdelim{%
  \def\test@i{#1}%
  \ifgatherbeginningofloop\else
    \xa\gdef\xa\clozemulti@coding\xa{\clozemulti@coding\clozetilde}% separator between answers
  \fi
  \ifx\test@i\@star
    \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=100}%
    \def\moodle@answertext{#2}%
  \else
    \def\moodle@answertext{#1#2}%
  \fi
  \trim@spaces@in\moodle@answertext
  \trim@spaces@in\moodle@answertext
  \ifx\moodle@fraction\@hundred
    \g@addto@macro\clozemulti@coding{=}%
  \else
    \moodle@checkfraction
    \ifdim0pt=\moodle@fraction pt\relax\else
      \xdef\clozemulti@coding{\expandonce\clozemulti@coding\otherpercent\moodle@fraction\otherpercent}%
    \fi
  \fi
  \xdef\clozemulti@coding{\expandonce\clozemulti@coding\expandonce\moodle@answertext}%
  \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\else
    \xdef\clozemulti@coding{\expandonce\clozemulti@coding\otherbackslash\otherhash\expandonce\moodle@feedback}%
  \fi
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Cloze Numerical Questions}
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\NewEnviron{clozenumerical}[1][]{%
  \bgroup
    \expandafter\gatheritems\expandafter{\BODY}%
    \let\moodle@questionheader=\gatheredheader
    \setkeys{moodle}{default grade=1}%
    \setkeys{moodle}{#1}%
    \ifhtmlizer@active
      %HTML version
      \def\moodle@clozenumerical@output{}%
      \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\moodle@clozenumerical@output\xa{\moodle@questionheader}%
      \def\clozenumerical@coding{}%
      \edef\clozenumerical@coding{\csname moodle@default grade\endcsname:NUMERICAL:}%
      \bgroup
        \setkeys{moodle}{feedback={}}%
        \loopthroughitemswithcommand{\saveclozenumericalanswer}%
      \egroup
      %\xa\g@addto@macro\xa\clozenumerical@coding\xa{\otherrbrace}%
      \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\moodle@clozenumerical@output\xa{\xa\clozelbrace\clozenumerical@coding\clozerbrace}%
      \xa\gdef\xa\htmlize@afteraction@hook\xa{\moodle@clozenumerical@output}%
      \def\endclozenumerical@code{\htmlize@patchendenvironment}%
    \else
      %LaTeX version
      \moodle@questionheader% %Any introductory text just continues to be typeset.
      \par
      \noindent
      \moodle@makelatextag@qtype{numerical}
      \ifmoodle@handout\else
        \moodle@makelatextag@value{default grade}{\moodle@marks{\csname moodle@default grade\endcsname}}
        \moodle@makelatextag@numerical
        \par
        \noindent
        \def\cloze@numerical@table@text{}%
        \loopthroughitemswithcommand{\moodle@print@clozenumerical@answer}%
        \begin{tabular}[t]{|p{.45\linewidth}|p{.45\linewidth}|}
          \firsthline% (\firsthline is from the array package.)
%         answer & feedback \\\hline\hline
          \cloze@numerical@table@text%
        \end{tabular}%
        \par%
      \fi
      \def\endclozenumerical@code{\relax}%
    \fi
    \passvalueaftergroup\endclozenumerical@code%
    \passvalueaftergroup\htmlize@afteraction@hook%
  \egroup
}[\endclozenumerical@code]%

\def\moodle@print@clozenumerical@answer#1{%
  \let\moodle@feedback=\@empty
  \bgroup
    \moodle@print@clozenumerical@answer@int#1\@rdelim
  \egroup
}%
\newcommand\moodle@print@clozenumerical@answer@int[1][]{%
  \setkeys{moodle}{#1}%
  \moodle@print@clozenumerical@answer@int@int%
}%
\def\moodle@print@clozenumerical@answer@int@int#1\@rdelim{%
  \ifx\moodle@fraction\@hundred
    \def\moodle@clozenumericalprint@fraction{$~\checkmark$}%
  \else
    \moodle@checkfraction
    \edef\moodle@clozenumericalprint@fraction{$(~\moodle@fraction\%)$}%
  \fi
  \ifnum\z@=\moodle@tolerance
    \def\moodle@clozenumericalprint@tolerance{}%
  \else
    \edef\moodle@clozenumericalprint@tolerance{$\,\pm\,$\moodle@printnum{\moodle@tolerance}}%
  \fi
  \xdef\test@i{\trim@spaces{#1}}%
  \ifx\test@i\@star
    \xdef\moodle@clozenumericalprint@line{#1~\moodle@clozenumericalprint@fraction & \expandonce\emph{\expandonce\moodle@feedback}}%
  \else
    \xdef\moodle@clozenumericalprint@line{\moodle@printnum{#1}\moodle@clozenumericalprint@tolerance~\moodle@clozenumericalprint@fraction & \expandonce\emph{\expandonce\moodle@feedback}}%
  \fi
  \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\cloze@numerical@table@text\xa{\moodle@clozenumericalprint@line \\\hline}%
}%



\def\saveclozenumericalanswer#1{%
  \bgroup
    \saveclozenumericalanswer@int#1\moodle@answer@rdelim
  \egroup
}%
\newcommand\saveclozenumericalanswer@int[1][]{%
  \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=100,#1}%                  %%%%%% DEFAULT VALUE IS 100%
  \saveclozenumericalanswer@int@int%
}%
\def\saveclozenumericalanswer@int@int#1\moodle@answer@rdelim{%
  \ifgatherbeginningofloop\else
    \xa\gdef\xa\clozenumerical@coding\xa{\clozenumerical@coding\clozetilde}% separator between answers
  \fi
  \def\moodle@answertext{#1}%
  \trim@spaces@in\moodle@answertext
  \ifx\moodle@fraction\@hundred
    \g@addto@macro\clozenumerical@coding{=}%
  \else
    \moodle@checkfraction
    \ifdim0pt=\moodle@fraction pt\relax\else
      \xdef\clozenumerical@coding{\expandonce\clozenumerical@coding\otherpercent\moodle@fraction\otherpercent}%
    \fi
  \fi
  \ifx\moodle@answertext\@star
    \xdef\clozenumerical@coding{\expandonce\clozenumerical@coding\moodle@answertext}%
  \else
    \xdef\clozenumerical@coding{\expandonce\clozenumerical@coding\moodle@answertext:\moodle@tolerance}%
  \fi
  \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\else
    %\trim@spaces@in\moodle@feedback
    \xdef\clozenumerical@coding{\expandonce\clozenumerical@coding\otherbackslash\otherhash\expandonce\moodle@feedback}%
  \fi
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Cloze Short Answer Questions}
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\NewEnviron{clozeshortanswer}[1][]{%
  \bgroup
    \expandafter\gatheritems\expandafter{\BODY}%
    \let\moodle@questionheader=\gatheredheader
    \setkeys{moodle}{default grade=1}%
    \setkeys{moodle}{#1}%
    %Because nesting conditionals built by \csname doesn't work well,
    %we'll test '\ifmoodle@case sensitive' now and save the result in \count0.
    \csname ifmoodle@case sensitive\endcsname
      \count0=1\relax
    \else
      \count0=0\relax
    \fi
    \ifhtmlizer@active
      %HTML version
      \def\moodle@clozeshortanswer@output{}%
      \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\moodle@clozeshortanswer@output\xa{\moodle@questionheader}%
      \def\clozeshortanswer@coding{}%
      \ifnum\count0=1\relax
        \edef\clozeshortanswer@coding{\csname moodle@default grade\endcsname:SHORTANSWER_C:}%
      \else
        \edef\clozeshortanswer@coding{\csname moodle@default grade\endcsname:SHORTANSWER:}%
      \fi
      \bgroup
        \setkeys{moodle}{feedback={}}%
        \loopthroughitemswithcommand{\saveclozeshortansweranswer}%
      \egroup
      %\xa\g@addto@macro\xa\clozeshortanswer@coding\xa{\otherrbrace}%
      \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\moodle@clozeshortanswer@output\xa{\xa\clozelbrace\clozeshortanswer@coding\clozerbrace}%
      \xa\gdef\xa\htmlize@afteraction@hook\xa{\moodle@clozeshortanswer@output}%
      \def\endclozeshortanswer@code{\htmlize@patchendenvironment}%
    \else
      %LaTeX version
      \moodle@questionheader% %Any introductory text just continues to be typeset.
      \par
      \noindent
      \moodle@makelatextag@qtype{shortanswer}
      \ifmoodle@handout\else
        \moodle@makelatextag@value{default grade}{\moodle@marks{\csname moodle@default grade\endcsname}}
        \moodle@makelatextag@shortanswer
        \par
        \noindent
        \def\cloze@shortanswer@table@text{}%
        \loopthroughitemswithcommand{\moodle@print@clozeshortanswer@answer}%
        \begin{tabular}[t]{|p{.45\linewidth}|p{.45\linewidth}|}
          \firsthline% (\firsthline is from the array package.)
%         answer & feedback \\\hline\hline
          \cloze@shortanswer@table@text%
        \end{tabular}%
        \par%
      \fi
      \def\endclozeshortanswer@code{\relax}%
    \fi
    \passvalueaftergroup\endclozeshortanswer@code%
    \passvalueaftergroup\htmlize@afteraction@hook%
  \egroup
}[\endclozeshortanswer@code]%

\def\moodle@print@clozeshortanswer@answer#1{%
  \let\moodle@feedback=\@empty
  \bgroup
    \moodle@print@clozeshortanswer@answer@int#1\@rdelim
  \egroup
}%
\newcommand\moodle@print@clozeshortanswer@answer@int[1][]{%
  \setkeys{moodle}{#1}%
  \moodle@print@clozeshortanswer@answer@int@int%
}%
\def\moodle@print@clozeshortanswer@answer@int@int#1\@rdelim{%
  \ifx\moodle@fraction\@hundred
    \def\moodle@clozeshortanswerprint@fraction{$~\checkmark$}%
  \else
    \moodle@checkfraction
    \edef\moodle@clozeshortanswerprint@fraction{$~(\moodle@fraction\%)$}%
  \fi
  \xdef\moodle@clozeshortanswerprint@line{#1~\moodle@clozeshortanswerprint@fraction & \expandonce\emph{\expandonce\moodle@feedback}}%
  \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\cloze@shortanswer@table@text\xa{\moodle@clozeshortanswerprint@line \\\hline}%
}%



\def\saveclozeshortansweranswer#1{%
  \bgroup
    \saveclozeshortansweranswer@int#1\moodle@answer@rdelim
  \egroup
}%
\newcommand\saveclozeshortansweranswer@int[1][]{%
  \setkeys{moodle}{fraction=100,#1}%                  %%%%%% DEFAULT VALUE IS 100%
  \saveclozeshortansweranswer@int@int%
}%
\def\saveclozeshortansweranswer@int@int#1\moodle@answer@rdelim{%
  \ifgatherbeginningofloop\else
    \xa\gdef\xa\clozeshortanswer@coding\xa{\clozeshortanswer@coding\clozetilde}% separator between answers
  \fi
  \def\moodle@answertext{#1}%
  \trim@spaces@in\moodle@answertext
  \ifx\moodle@fraction\@hundred
    \g@addto@macro\clozeshortanswer@coding{=}%
  \else
    \moodle@checkfraction
    \ifdim0pt=\moodle@fraction pt\relax\else
      \xdef\clozeshortanswer@coding{\expandonce\clozeshortanswer@coding\otherpercent\moodle@fraction\otherpercent}%
    \fi
  \fi
  \xdef\clozeshortanswer@coding{\expandonce\clozeshortanswer@coding\moodle@answertext}%
  \ifx\moodle@feedback\@empty\else
    \xdef\clozeshortanswer@coding{\expandonce\clozeshortanswer@coding\otherbackslash\otherhash\expandonce\moodle@feedback}%
  \fi
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \section{Converting \LaTeX\ to HTML}
% A lot of work must now be done to convert the \LaTeX\ code 
% of a question or answer into HTML code with embedded \TeX\ for math.
% 
% \subsection{Catcode Setup}
% First, we create versions of the special characters with catcode 12, ``other.''
%    \begin{macrocode}
{\catcode`\#=12\gdef\otherhash{#}%
 \catcode`\~=12\gdef\othertilde{~}%
 \catcode`\&=12\gdef\otherampersand{&}%
 \catcode`\^=12\gdef\othercaret{^}%
 \catcode`\$=12\gdef\otherdollar{$}%
 \catcode`\%=12\gdef\otherpercent{%}
 \catcode`\%=12\gdef\otherlbracket{[}
 \catcode`\%=12\gdef\otherrbracket{]}}%
{\catcode`\ =12\gdef\otherspace{ }}%
{\ttfamily\catcode`\|=0\catcode`\\=12\relax|gdef|otherbackslash{\}}%
{\catcode`\[=1\catcode`\]=2\catcode`\{=12\catcode`\}=12%
 \gdef\otherlbrace[{]\gdef\otherrbrace[}]\gdef\clozelbrace[{]\gdef\clozerbrace[}]]%

\edef\@otherlbrace{\otherlbrace}%
\edef\@otherrbrace{\otherrbrace}%
\edef\@otherlbracket{\otherlbracket}%
\edef\@otherrbracket{\otherrbracket}%
\edef\@clozelbrace{\clozelbrace}%
\edef\@clozerbrace{\clozerbrace}%
\edef\@otherdollar{\otherdollar}%
\edef\@otherbackslash{\otherbackslash}%
\edef\@othertilde{\othertilde}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Next, we define commands to change catcodes to a suitable verbatim mode
% for transcription.
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}
{ \catcode`\[=1\relax
  \catcode`\]=2\relax
  \catcode`\|=0\relax
  |gdef|verbcatcodesweirdest[
    |catcode`\{=12|relax
    |catcode`\}=12|relax
    |catcode`\\=12|relax
  ]%
}%
\def\verbcatcodes{%
  \catcode`\$=12\relax
  \catcode`\&=12\relax
  \catcode`\#=12\relax
  \catcode`\^=12\relax
  \catcode`\_=12\relax
  \catcode`\~=12\relax
  \makeatletter
  \catcode`\%=12\relax
  \catcode`\ =12\relax\catcode\newlinechar=12\verbcatcodesweirdest}%

\def\normalcatcodes{%
  \catcode`\\=0\relax
  \catcode`\{=1\relax
  \catcode`\}=2\relax
  \catcode`\$=3\relax
  \catcode`\&=4\relax
  \catcode\endlinechar=5\relax
  \catcode`\#=6\relax
  \catcode`\^=7\relax
  \catcode`\_=8\relax
  \catcode`\ =10\relax
  \makeatletter% We will be detokenizing and retokenizing internal control sequences, so we need this.
  \catcode`\~=13\relax
  \catcode`\%=14\relax}%

\def\retokenizingcatcodes{%
  %For rescanning previously scanned text, all true comments will already be gone,
  %but % signs may have been inserted by Cloze questions, so we want to treat them as 'other.'
  %
  % TODO: #'s are more worrisome.
  \normalcatcodes
  \catcode`\%=12\relax
}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Detokenization and Retokenization}
% 
% We will be processing a \TeX\ token list.
% Based on its content, sometimes we will want it to be detokenized to 
% individual characters, but other times we want it retokenized so that
% \TeX's own parsing mechanism can gather up the parameters of macros.
% We use the e\TeX\ primitive command |\scantokens| to do this.
% 
% The following code (catcodes, groupings and all) defines a |\scantokens@to@macro| macro.
% That will assemble and disassemble strings of tokens
% using any changing schemes of catcodes we desire.
% 
% We define |^^A| to be |\gdef\stm@saved|, while |^^B| and |^^C| are substitutes for |{| and |}|, respectively.
% This permits us to define |\scantokens@to@macro| in a peculiar catcode regime.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\begingroup
  \catcode`\^^A=13\gdef^^A{\gdef\stm@saved}%
  \catcode`\^^B=1\catcode`\^^C=2\relax
  \long\gdef\scantokens@to@macro#1#2#3{%
    % #1 = control sequence to be defined
    % #2 = command to change catcodes, e.g. \verbcatcodes,
    %      and define any command sequences
    % #3 = text to be retokenized and saved into #1.
    \bgroup
      \def\texttorescan{#3}%
      \catcode`\^^A=13\catcode`\^^B=1\catcode`\^^C=2\relax
      \xa\def\xa\arg\xa{\xa^^A\xa^^B\texttorescan^^C}%
      #2%
      \catcode\endlinechar=9\relax% 
      %\scantokens always sees an end-of-line character at its end and converts it to a space.
      %The catcode change sets \scantokens to ignore end-of-line chars.
      %In practice, we're always calling \scantokens on previously scanned text anyway,
      %so we won't miss any real end-of-line chars, since they were already converted to spaces.
      \xa\scantokens\xa{\arg}%
    \egroup
    \xa\def\xa#1\xa{\stm@saved}%
  }%
\endgroup%

\long\def\ultradetokenize@to@macro#1#2{%
  \scantokens@to@macro#1{\verbcatcodes}{#2}%
}%
\def\retokenizenormal@to@macro#1#2{%
  \scantokens@to@macro#1{\retokenizingcatcodes}{#2}%
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Level-Tracking}
%
% \subsubsection{TeX groups}
% While parsing, we'll need to keep track of how deeply nested in \TeX\ groups we are.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcount\grouplevel
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Math mode}
% While parsing, we'll need to keep track of whether
% we are in math mode (and how many levels deep the math mode might be nested).
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcount\moodle@mathmodedepth
\moodle@mathmodedepth=0\relax
\def\moodle@ifmathmode#1#2{%
  \ifnum\moodle@mathmodedepth>0\relax
    #1%
  \else
    #2%
  \fi
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Nested Lists}
% While parsing, we'll need to keep track levels of nested list.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcount\moodle@listdepth
\moodle@listdepth=0\relax

%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Separation}
% 
% This code separates a string of tokens into two parts.
% Its parameters, |#1#2|, consist of tokenized text, 
% plus one terminal |\@htmlize@stop|.
% We are trying to break up the text into its first group and the remainder.
% This |\@htmlize@stop| is needed in case |#2| has the form ``|{...}|'',
% since we don't want \TeX\ to strip the braces off.
% Thus |\@htmlize@remainder| will definitely end in ``|\@htmlize@stop|''.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\long\def\htmlize@grabblock#1#2\htmlize@rdelim@ii{%
  \long\def\htmlize@blockinbraces{#1}%
  \long\def\htmlize@remainder{#2}%
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% The next line defines the macro |\@htmlize@stop@detokenized| to contain
% the string of tokens |\@htmlize@stop|, all of category code 12 (other) or 10 (letter).
% We'll need this for comparison purposes later.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ultradetokenize@to@macro\@htmlize@stop@detokenized{\@htmlize@stop}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% The next line creates the macro |\htmlize@remove@stopcode|,
% which removes the characters ``|\@htmlize@stop |'' from the end of a 
% detokenized sequence.
% Its syntax when called is simply |\htmlize@remove@stopcode |\meta{material},
% with no delimiters, since the ``|\@htmlize@stop |'' is itself the delimiter.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\xa\def\xa\htmlize@remove@stopcode\xa#\xa1\@htmlize@stop@detokenized{#1}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% 
% \subsection{Main Code: the HTMLizer}
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\ifhtmlizer@active
\htmlizer@activefalse
\newif\ifhtmlize@actioncs
\newif\ifhtmlize@expandcs
\newif\ifhtmlize@passcs

\long\def\@@begin@cs{\begin}%
\def\@@htmlize@stop{\@htmlize@stop}%

\long\def\converttohtmlmacro#1#2{%
  \grouplevel=0\relax
  \def\htmlize@output{}%
  \htmlizer@activetrue%
  \converttohtml@int{#2}%
  \htmlizer@activefalse%
  \let#1=\htmlize@output\relax
}

\long\def\converttohtml@int#1{%
  \advance\grouplevel by 1\relax
  \bgroup
    \ultradetokenize@to@macro\htmlize@texttoscan{#1}%
    \xa\htmlize@recursive@i\htmlize@texttoscan\@htmlize@stop\@htmlize@stop\@htmlize@stop\htmlize@rdelim@i%
  \egroup
  \advance\grouplevel by -1\relax
}%

\def\@lt{<}%
\def\@gt{>}%

\long\def\htmlize@recursive@i#1#2#3\htmlize@rdelim@i{%
  % #1#2#3 is a sequence of tokens.  All should be categories 11 (letter) or 12 (other).
  % It terminates with the control sequences \@htmlize@stop\@htmlize@stop\@htmlize@stop.
  %\long\def\ds{(#1|#2|#3)}\show\ds
  \def\test@i{#1}%
  \def\test@ii{#2}%
  \ifx\test@i\@@htmlize@stop
    \let\htmlize@next@i=\relax
  \else
    \ifx\test@i\@otherlbrace%
      \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\otherlbrace}%
      \bgroup
        \normalcatcodes
        %We need to rescan the input as TeX code,
        % so TeX can automatically pull off the first group in braces.
        % First, let's get rid of the terminal \@htmlize@stop codes.
        {\def\@htmlize@stop{}\xdef\htmlize@scrap{#1#2#3}}%
        \let\htmlize@text@to@rescan=\htmlize@scrap%
        % Next, we retokenize the code.
        \xa\retokenizenormal@to@macro\xa\htmlize@rescanned\xa{\htmlize@text@to@rescan}%
        % Now break it up into two pieces.
        \xa\htmlize@grabblock\htmlize@rescanned\@htmlize@stop\htmlize@rdelim@ii%
        % The first piece, \htmlize@blockinbraces, will be passed as a unit to \converttohtml@int.
        % The second part, \htmlize@remainder, will continue at this depth of grouping.
        % Therefore we'll detokenize \htmlize@remainder here.
        \xa\ultradetokenize@to@macro\xa\htmlize@remainder@detokenized\xa{\htmlize@remainder}%
        \edef\htmlize@remainder@detokenized{\xa\htmlize@remove@stopcode\htmlize@remainder@detokenized}%
        % 
        % Now build \htmlize@next@i.
        % When done, should look like
        %   \converttohtml@int{\htmlize@blockinbraces}%
        %   \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherrbrace}%
        %   \htmlize@recursive@i\htmlize@remainder@detokenized\@htmlize@stop\@htmlize@stop\@htmlize@stop\htmlize@rdelim@i%
        % but with all three arguments expanded.
        % Note that we are running
        \gdef\htmlize@scrap{\converttohtml@int}%
        \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@scrap\xa{\xa{\htmlize@blockinbraces}}%
        \g@addto@macro\htmlize@scrap{\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output}%
        \ifmoodle@clozemode
          \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@scrap\xa{\xa{\otherbackslash\otherrbrace}}%
%          \moodle@ifmathmode{\xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@scrap\xa{\xa{\otherbackslash}}}%
%                            {}%
        \else
          \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@scrap\xa{\xa{\otherrbrace}}%
        \fi
        \g@addto@macro\htmlize@scrap{\htmlize@recursive@i}%
        \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@scrap\xa{\htmlize@remainder@detokenized\@htmlize@stop\@htmlize@stop\@htmlize@stop\htmlize@rdelim@i}%
        % Okay, that's done.  It's stored in a global macro.
        % Now we get it out of this group.
      \egroup
      \let\htmlize@next@i=\htmlize@scrap
    \else
      \ifx\test@i\@otherdollar%
        % Math shift character.
        \ifx\test@ii\@otherdollar
          % Double dollar sign, so we're entering display math mode.
          % We grab everything between $$...$$, sanitize it, and add it verbatim to
          % our output.
          \htmlize@displaymathshift@replace#1#2#3\htmlize@rdelim@iii%
        \else
          % Single dollar sign, so we're entering inline math mode.
          % We grab everything between $...$, sanitize it, and add it verbatim to
          % our output.
          \htmlize@inlinemathshift@replace#1#2#3\htmlize@rdelim@iii%
        \fi% \ifx\test@ii\@otherdollar
        % Now we resume work.
        % The \htmlize@xxxxxxmathshift@replace macro stored the remaining text in \htmlize@remaining@text.
        % Note that since we never detokenized and retokenized #1#2#3, 
        % \htmlize@remaining@text still includes the terminating \@htmlize@stop\@htmlize@stop\@htmlize@stop.
        \def\htmlize@next@i{\xa\htmlize@recursive@i\htmlize@remaining@text\htmlize@rdelim@i}%
      \else
        \ifx\test@i\@otherbackslash%
          % Control sequence.  Oh boy.
          % There are three possible things to do:
          % 1. Retokenize everything, so we get a token list.
          %    Expand this control sequence, the first one in the list,
          %    to obtain a new token list.  Then resume processing that list.
          %    Examples: \def\emph#1{<EM>#1</EM>}, \def\rec#1{\frac{1}{#1}}, \def\inv{^{-1}}
          %              \& --> &amp; \# --> #; etc.
          %    Environments: \begin{center}...\end{center} --> <CENTER>...</CENTER>
          % 2. Retokenize everything, so we get a token list.
          %    Let this first command (with its parameters) ACT.
          %    This may involve work in TeX's stomach (e.g., with counters)
          %    or with external files (e.g., image processing).
          %    The command may directly add material to \htmlize@output,
          %    but it should not typeset anything and should vanish from the 
          %    input stream when it is done.
          %       When it's done, we somehow need to detokenize and resume 
          %    processing the remainder of the input stream.
          %       Only commands explicitly crafted (or modified) to work
          %    with moodle.sty can possibly do all this!
          %    Examples: (modified) \includegraphics
          %    Environments: \begin{clozemulti}, \begin{enumerate}
          % 3. Ignore that it's a command.  Pass it right on as a character
          %    sequence to \htmlize@output.
          %    Examples: \alpha, \frac
          %    Environments: \begin{array}
          %
          % #2 is only for items on a specific list.
          % #1 is anything that runs in TeX's mouth.  
          %    We could keep a list and give users a way to add to it.
          %    I could also try expanding macros, using \ifcsmacro from etoolbox.sty
          % 
          % The first step is to figure out what control sequence we're dealing with.
          % First, let's get rid of the terminal \@htmlize@stop codes.
          {\def\@htmlize@stop{}\xdef\htmlize@scrap{#1#2#3}}%
          \let\htmlize@text@to@rescan=\htmlize@scrap%
          % Next, we retokenize the code.
          \xa\retokenizenormal@to@macro\xa\htmlize@rescanned\xa{\htmlize@text@to@rescan}%
          % Now break it up into two pieces.
          \xa\htmlize@grabblock\htmlize@rescanned\@htmlize@stop\htmlize@rdelim@ii%
          \let\@htmlize@cs\htmlize@blockinbraces%
          \edef\htmlize@cs@string{\xa\string\@htmlize@cs}%
          % The first piece, \htmlize@blockinbraces, will contain the single token in \@htmlize@cs.
          % We'll need to keep the second part, \htmlize@remainder, since it probably
          % contains arguments to the cs in \@htmlize@cs.
          %\edef\ds{Encountered '\xa\string\@htmlize@cs'}\show\ds
          %
          % N.B. that \@htmlize@cs is a macro *containing* a single control sequence.
          % This is good for testing with \ifx.
          % \htmlize@cs@string contains the cs as a string, e.g., the characters "\emph".
          %
          \ifx\@htmlize@cs\@@begin@cs
            %This is a \begin.  Begin environment-handling routine.
            %
            % Grab the first {...} from \htmlize@remainder, which is the argument
            % to \begin.
            \xa\htmlize@grabblock\htmlize@remainder\@htmlize@stop\htmlize@rdelim@ii%
            \let\htmlize@envname=\htmlize@blockinbraces%
            %We do not need the rest, so we won't pay any attention to the new
            %content of \htmlize@remainder.
            %
            %Now environments are non-expandable,
            %so there are only two possibilities: action or pass.
            \xa\ifinlist\xa{\htmlize@envname}{\htmlize@env@actionlist}%
              {% Action environment!
                %\bgroup
                  %\def\ds{Encountered active environment \string\begin\{{\htmlize@envname}\}}\show\ds
                  \def\htmlize@next@i{\xa\htmlize@do@actionenv\htmlize@rescanned\@htmlize@stop\htmlize@actionsequence@rdelim}%
                %The \bgroup is to active the environments.
                %The matching \egroup is found in \htmlize@do@actionenv.
              }{%An environment to pass to the HTML
                %We just pass the backslash from "\begin" and move on. 
                \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{#1}%
                \def\htmlize@next@i{\htmlize@recursive@i#2#3\htmlize@rdelim@i}%
              }%
          \else%
            %This is not an environment.  Begin macro-handling routine.
            \htmlize@actioncsfalse
            \htmlize@expandcsfalse
            \htmlize@passcsfalse
            \xa\ifinlist\xa{\htmlize@cs@string}{\htmlize@cs@actionlist}%
              {%Action sequence!
               \htmlize@actioncstrue}%
              {% Not action sequence!
               \xa\ifinlist\xa{\htmlize@cs@string}{\htmlize@cs@expandlist}%
                 {%CS to be expanded!
                  \htmlize@expandcstrue%
                 }%
                 {%CS to be transcribed to XML
                  \htmlize@passcstrue%
                 }%
              }%
            %Now exactly one of \ifhtmlize@actioncs, \ifhtmlize@expandcs, and \ifhtmlize@passcs is true.
            \ifhtmlize@actioncs
              % It's an action-sequence.
              %\edef\ds{Must let \xa\string\@htmlize@cs\ act!}\show\ds
              %\show\htmlize@rescanned
              \def\htmlize@next@i{\xa\htmlize@do@actioncs\htmlize@rescanned\@htmlize@stop\htmlize@actionsequence@rdelim}%
              %\show\htmlize@rescanned
              % Note that \htmlize@do@actioncs should patch the command to have it
              % restart the scanning in time.
            \else
              \ifhtmlize@expandcs
                % control sequence to be expanded
                %\edef\ds{Must expand \xa\string\@htmlize@cs}\show\ds
                \bgroup
                  \htmlize@redefine@expansionmacros
                  %The \expandafters first expand \htmlize@rescanned,
                  %and then expand its first token just once.
                  \xa\xa\xa\gdef\xa\xa\xa\htmlize@scrap\xa\xa\xa{\htmlize@rescanned}%
                \egroup
                \xa\ultradetokenize@to@macro\xa\htmlize@remaining@text\xa{\htmlize@scrap}%
                \def\htmlize@next@i{\xa\htmlize@recursive@i\htmlize@remaining@text\@htmlize@stop\@htmlize@stop\@htmlize@stop\htmlize@rdelim@i}%
              \else
                % control sequence to be transcribed to XML.
                %\edef\ds{Must pass on \xa\string\@htmlize@cs}\show\ds
                \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{#1}%
                \def\htmlize@next@i{\htmlize@recursive@i#2#3\htmlize@rdelim@i}%
              \fi% \ifhtmlize@expandcs
            \fi% \ifhtmlize@actioncs
          \fi% \ifx\@htmlize@cs\@@begin@cs
        \else%
          \ifx\test@i\@othertilde%
            % The ~ becomes non-breaking space &nbsp;
            \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherampersand nbsp;}%
            \def\htmlize@next@i{\htmlize@recursive@i#2#3\htmlize@rdelim@i}%
          \else
            \ifx\test@i\@lsinglequote%
              \ifx\test@ii\@lsinglequote%
                % Double left quote
                \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherampersand ldquo;}%
                \def\htmlize@next@i{\htmlize@recursive@i#3\htmlize@rdelim@i}%
              \else
                \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherampersand lsquo;}%
                \def\htmlize@next@i{\htmlize@recursive@i#2#3\htmlize@rdelim@i}%
              \fi% \ifx\test@ii\@lsinglequote%
            \else
              \ifx\test@i\@rsinglequote%
                \ifx\test@ii\@rsinglequote%
                  %Double right quote
                  \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherampersand rdquo;}%
                  \def\htmlize@next@i{\htmlize@recursive@i#3\htmlize@rdelim@i}%
                \else
                  \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherampersand rsquo;}%
                  \def\htmlize@next@i{\htmlize@recursive@i#2#3\htmlize@rdelim@i}%
                \fi% \ifx\test@ii\@rsinglequote%
              \else
                \ifx\test@i\@doublequote
                  \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherampersand rdquo;}%
                  \def\htmlize@next@i{\htmlize@recursive@i#2#3\htmlize@rdelim@i}%
                \else
                  \ifx\test@i\@lt
                    \moodle@ifmathmode{\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherampersand lt;}}%
                                      {\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{<}}%
                    \def\htmlize@next@i{\htmlize@recursive@i#2#3\htmlize@rdelim@i}%
                  \else
                    \ifx\test@i\@gt
                      \moodle@ifmathmode{\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherampersand gt;}}%
                                        {\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{>}}%
                      \def\htmlize@next@i{\htmlize@recursive@i#2#3\htmlize@rdelim@i}%
                    \else
                      % Default case: write first token to output, call self on remaining tokens.
                      \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{#1}%
                      \def\htmlize@next@i{\htmlize@recursive@i#2#3\htmlize@rdelim@i}%
                    \fi% \ifx\test@i\@gt
                  \fi% \ifx\test@i\@lt
                \fi% \ifx\test@i\@doublequote
              \fi% \ifx\test@i\@rsinglequote%
            \fi% \ifx\test@i\@lsinglequote%
          \fi% \ifx\test@i\@othertilde%
        \fi% \ifx\test@i\@otherbackslash%
      \fi% \ifx\test@i\@otherdollar%
    \fi% \ifx\test@i\@otherlbrace%
  \fi% \ifx\test@i\@@htmlize@stop
  \htmlize@next@i
}%

\def\@lsinglequote{`}%
\def\@rsinglequote{'}%
\def\@doublequote{"}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% 
% \subsection{Math Mode handling}
% 
% In the following, note that the |\|\meta{*}|mathrightdelim|'s gobble an argument.
% This is so ``|$a$ is...|" can turn into
%       ``\ldots |a\|\meta{*}|mathrightdelim{} is...|"
% and preserve a trailing space.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\edef\inlinemathleftdelim{\otherbackslash(}%
\def\inlinemathrightdelim#1{\advancemathmodecounter{-1}%
                            \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherbackslash)}}%
\edef\displaymathleftdelim{\otherbackslash[}%
\def\displaymathrightdelim#1{\advancemathmodecounter{-1}%
                             \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherbackslash]}}%
\long\def\htmlize@inlinemath@recursive@i#1#2#3\htmlize@rdelim@i{%
  % inspired by \htmlize@recursive@i
  \def\test@i{#1}%
  \ifx\test@i\@@htmlize@stop
    \let\htmlize@next@i=\relax
  \else
    \ifx\test@i\@otherbackslash
        \g@addto@macro\mathtext{#1#2}%
        \def\htmlize@next@i{\xa\htmlize@inlinemath@recursive@i#3\htmlize@rdelim@i}%
    \else
      \ifx\test@i\@otherdollar
        \let\htmlize@next@i=\relax
        \g@addto@macro\aftertext{#2#3}%
      \else
        \g@addto@macro\mathtext{#1}%
        \def\htmlize@next@i{\xa\htmlize@inlinemath@recursive@i#2#3\htmlize@rdelim@i}%
      \fi
    \fi
  \fi
  \htmlize@next@i
}
{\catcode`\$=12\relax%
  \gdef\htmlize@inlinemathshift@replace#1#2\htmlize@rdelim@iii{%
    %\def\ds{inline math shift has '#1' and '#2'}\show\ds
    \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\inlinemathleftdelim}%
    \advancemathmodecounter{1}%
    \gdef\mathtext{}%
    \gdef\aftertext{}%
    \htmlize@inlinemath@recursive@i#2\htmlize@rdelim@i%
    \xdef\htmlize@remaining@text{\expandonce\mathtext%
                                 \otherbackslash inlinemathrightdelim{}%
                                 \expandonce\aftertext}%
    %\show\htmlize@remaining@text
  }%
  \gdef\htmlize@displaymathshift@replace$$#1$$#2\htmlize@rdelim@iii{%
    \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\displaymathleftdelim}%
    \advancemathmodecounter{1}%
    \def\mathtext{#1}%
    \def\aftertext{#2}%
    \xdef\htmlize@remaining@text{\expandonce\mathtext%
                                 \otherbackslash displaymathrightdelim{}%
                                 \expandonce\aftertext}%
  }%
}

%    \end{macrocode}
% 
% \subsection{Engines for Control Sequences}
% 
% There are three kinds of control sequences that need special handling:
% \begin{enumerate}
%   \item Action environments
%   \item Action command sequences
%   \item Expansion macros
% \end{enumerate}
% 
% \subsubsection{Engine for running action environments}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\long\def\htmlize@do@actionenv#1#2\@htmlize@stop\htmlize@actionsequence@rdelim{%
  \bgroup %The corresponding \egroup is given in \htmlize@proceedwiththerest, 
          %to localize the changes to the environment definitions.
    \htmlize@activate@environments
    \gdef\htmlize@afteraction@hook{}%
    #1#2\@htmlize@stop\htmlize@actionsequence@rdelim%
}

\def\htmlize@patchendenvironment{\swaptotrueendenvironment{\xa\htmlize@proceedwiththerest\htmlize@afteraction@hook}}%

\def\swaptotrueendenvironment#1#2\if@ignore\@ignorefalse\ignorespaces\fi{#2\if@ignore\@ignorefalse\ignorespaces\fi#1}%


\long\def\htmlize@record@environment#1{%
  \listadd{\htmlize@env@actionlist}{#1}%
}
\long\def\html@newenvironment#1#2{%
  \listadd{\htmlize@env@actionlist}{#1}%
  \g@addto@macro\htmlize@activate@environments{%
    \xa\let\csname #1\endcsname\relax%
    \xa\let\csname end#1\endcsname\relax%
    \NewEnviron{#1}{%
      #2%
    }[\htmlize@patchendenvironment]%
  }%
}


\def\htmlize@activate@environments{}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% 
% \subsubsection{Engine for running action command sequences}
% 
% The following automatically adds the ``engine'' to do the command
% and then resume processing the \LaTeX\ into HTML.
% It uses the |xpatch| package, which says it works with anything
% defined using |\newcommand| etc. and |\newenvironment| etc.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\gdef\htmlize@afteraction@hook{}%

\long\def\htmlize@do@actioncs#1#2\htmlize@actionsequence@rdelim{%
  % #1#2 contains the current string to be rendered into HTML;
  %      N.B. it has been tokenized at this point, 
  %      so TeX can process it directly.
  % #1 = the command sequence we need to execute
  % #2 = the rest of the string
  %
  % First, we patch the desired command so that, when it is over,
  % it calls \htmlize@proceedwiththerest.
  % We do this within the group, so as not to permanently change the command.
  \bgroup
    % The matching \egroup is issued in \htmlize@proceedwiththerest,
    % so that the changes made by \htmlize@activate@css are localized to just the command itself.
    \gdef\htmlize@afteraction@hook{}%
    \htmlize@activate@css%
    \def\test@i{#1}%
    \ifx\test@i\@relax
      \def#1{\xa\htmlize@proceedwiththerest\htmlize@afteraction@hook}%
    \else
      \xapptocmd#1{\xa\htmlize@proceedwiththerest\htmlize@afteraction@hook}{}{\PackageError{Could not patch the command \string#1!}}%
    \fi
    % Now we call that patched command.
    #1#2\htmlize@actionsequence@rdelim%
  %The matching \egroup now is built into the command #1.
}
\long\def\htmlize@proceedwiththerest#1\htmlize@actionsequence@rdelim{%
    % The action cs has done its work.
    % Now we gather up the remaining tokens, detokenize them,
    % remove the \@htmlize@stop, and get back to work transcribing it.
  \egroup %This \egroup matches the \bgroup that was issued either in \htmlize@do@actioncs or in \htmlize@do@actionenv
  \ultradetokenize@to@macro\htmlize@remainder@detokenized{#1}%
  %This will contain an extra \@htmlize@stop, so we remove it.
  \xa\xa\xa\def\xa\xa\xa\htmlize@remainder@detokenized\xa\xa\xa{\xa\htmlize@remove@stopcode\htmlize@remainder@detokenized}%
  %Now we get back to work transcribing the remainder.
  \xa\htmlize@recursive@i\htmlize@remainder@detokenized\@htmlize@stop\@htmlize@stop\@htmlize@stop\htmlize@rdelim@i%  
}

\long\def\htmlize@record@action#1{%
  \xa\listadd\xa\htmlize@cs@actionlist\xa{\string#1}%
}

\def\htmlize@activate@css{}%
\def\html@action@def#1{%
  \htmlize@record@action{#1}%
  \xa\def\xa\htmlize@scrap\xa{\xa\let\xa#1\csname html@\string#1\endcsname}%
  \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@activate@css\xa{\htmlize@scrap}%
  \xa\def\csname html@\string#1\endcsname% %And this \def\html@\oldcsname is follows by the remainder of the definition.
}
\def\html@action@newcommand#1[#2][#3]#4{%
  %\message{>>> Defining #1[#2][#3]{...} ^^J}
  \ifmoodle@draftmode
  \else
    \xa\html@action@def\csname #1\endcsname{\csname moodle@#1@int\endcsname}%
  \fi
  % Note that \htmlize@do@actioncs will 'patch' this by putting 
  % '\xa\htmlize@proceedwiththerest\htmlize@afteraction@hook'
  % at the end.  We want those 3 tokens to occur instead after
  % the graphics filename.
  \xa\csdef{moodle@#1@int}##1##2##3{\csname moodle@#1@int@int\endcsname}%
  % This gobbles up those three spurious tokens,
  % which we will re-insert after our work is done.
  \xa\newcommand\csname moodle@#1@int@int\endcsname[#2][#3]{%
    #4%
    % Now we re-insert the code to get the HTMLizing going again.
    \xa\htmlize@proceedwiththerest\htmlize@afteraction@hook
  }%
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% 
% \subsubsection{Engine for expansion control sequences}
% 
% Calling |\htmlize@redefine@expansionmacros| will redefine
% the macros for us.  It starts out empty.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\htmlize@redefine@expansionmacros{}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% If |\mymacro| needs no changes to be suited for expansion,
% you can simply call |\htmlize@record@expand{\mymacro}|
% or |\htmlregister{\mymacro}|
% to record that it should be expanded on its way to the HTML.
% Examples would be user-built macros such as |\inv|$\to$|^{-1}|
% or |\N|$\to$|\mathbb{N}|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\long\def\htmlize@record@expand#1{%
  \xa\listadd\xa\htmlize@cs@expandlist\xa{\string#1}%
}
\let\htmlregister=\htmlize@record@expand
%    \end{macrocode}
% Often users define a list of macros at the end of the preamble.
% It can be cumbersome to record individually these macros for expansion.
% By calling |\moodleregisternewcommands| they trigger the automatic
% expansion of macros defined subsequently using |\newcommand|,
% |\renewcommand|, |\providecommand| or their starred variants.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\moodleregisternewcommands{%
  %% INSPIRED FROM 
  %https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/73271/how-to-redefine-or-patch-the-newcommand-command
  \newcommand*{\saved@ifdefinable}{}
  \let\saved@ifdefinable\@ifdefinable
  \renewcommand{\@ifdefinable}[2]{%
    \saved@ifdefinable{##1}{##2}%
    \htmlregister{##1}
  }%
  \let\@@ifdefinable\@ifdefinable
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% On the other hand, if an alternate version of the macro is 
% needed for HTML purposes, you can define its HTML version with
% |\html@def\mymacro...|
% Parameters are okay.
% An example would be
% |\html@def\emph#1{<EM>#1</EM>}|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\long\def\html@def#1{%
  \htmlize@record@expand{#1}%
  \xa\def\xa\htmlize@scrap\xa{\xa\let\xa#1\csname html@\string#1\endcsname}%
  \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@redefine@expansionmacros\xa{\htmlize@scrap}%
  \xa\def\csname html@\string#1\endcsname%
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Note that when |\html@def| expands out, it ends with |\def\html@\oldcsname| 
% which abuts directly on the remainder of the definition.
% 
% \subsection{Specific Control Sequences for Action and Expansion}
% 
% Now that we have that machinery in place,
% we define specific environments, action control sequences, and macros to 
% expand to accomplish our purposes.
% 
% \subsubsection{Action Environments}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\htmlize@record@environment{clozemulti}
\htmlize@record@environment{multi}
\htmlize@record@environment{clozenumerical}
\htmlize@record@environment{numerical}
\htmlize@record@environment{clozeshortanswer}
\htmlize@record@environment{shortanswer}

\html@newenvironment{center}{\xdef\htmlize@afteraction@hook{<CENTER>\expandonce\BODY</CENTER>}}%

\def\moodle@save@getitems@state{%
  \global\xa\xdef\csname moodle@currentitemnumber@level@\the\moodle@listdepth\xa\endcsname\xa{\thecurrentitemnumber}%
  \global\xa\xdef\csname moodle@numgathereditems@level@\the\moodle@listdepth\xa\endcsname\xa{\thenumgathereditems}%
  \moodle@saveitems{\thenumgathereditems}%
}%
\def\moodle@restore@getitems@state{%
  \setcounter{numgathereditems}{\csname moodle@numgathereditems@level@\the\moodle@listdepth\endcsname}%
  \setcounter{currentitemnumber}{\csname moodle@currentitemnumber@level@\the\moodle@listdepth\endcsname}%
  \moodle@restoreitems{\thenumgathereditems}%
}%
\def\moodle@saveitems#1{%
  \ifnum#1>0%
    \global\csletcs{moodle@level@\the\moodle@listdepth @item@#1}{getitems@item@#1}%
    \xa\moodle@saveitems\xa{\number\numexpr#1-1\expandafter}%
  \fi
}%
\def\moodle@restoreitems#1{%
  \ifnum#1>0%
    \global\csletcs{getitems@item@#1}{moodle@level@\the\moodle@listdepth @item@#1}%
    \global\xa\let\csname moodle@level@\the\moodle@listdepth @item@#1\endcsname=\@undefined
    \xa\moodle@restoreitems\xa{\number\numexpr#1-1\expandafter}%
  \fi
}%
\def\moodle@makelistenv#1#2{%
  \html@newenvironment{#1}{%
    \advance\moodle@listdepth by 1\relax
    \moodle@save@getitems@state%
      \xa\gatheritems\xa{\BODY}%
      \gdef\htmlize@afteraction@hook{<#2>}%
      \loopthroughitemswithcommand{\moodle@itemtoLI}%
      \g@addto@macro\htmlize@afteraction@hook{</#2>}%
    \moodle@restore@getitems@state%
    \advance\moodle@listdepth by -1\relax
  }%
}%

\moodle@makelistenv{enumerate}{OL}%
\moodle@makelistenv{itemize}{UL}%

\def\moodle@itemtoLI#1{%
  \g@addto@macro\htmlize@afteraction@hook{<LI>#1}%
  \trim@spaces@in\htmlize@afteraction@hook%
  \g@addto@macro\htmlize@afteraction@hook{</LI>}%
}%

%    \end{macrocode}
% 
% \subsubsection{Action Control Sequences}
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\advancemathmodecounter#1{%
  \global\advance\moodle@mathmodedepth by #1\relax
}
\def\openclozemode{%
  \global\moodle@clozemodetrue\relax
}
\def\endclozemode{%
  \global\moodle@clozemodefalse\relax
}
\htmlize@record@action{\advancemathmodecounter}%
\htmlize@record@action{\openclozemode}%
\htmlize@record@action{\endclozemode}%
\htmlize@record@action{\relax}%

\html@action@def\#{\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherhash}}%
\html@action@def\&{\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherampersand}}%
\html@action@def\\{\moodle@ifmathmode{\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherbackslash\otherbackslash}}%
                                     {\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{<BR/>}}}%
\html@action@def\{{%
    \moodle@ifmathmode{\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherbackslash\otherlbrace}}%
                      {\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherlbrace}}%
  }%
\html@action@def\}{%
    \moodle@ifmathmode{\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherbackslash\otherrbrace}}%
                      {\ifmoodle@clozemode\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherbackslash}\fi
                       \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherrbrace}}%
  }%
\html@action@def\[{%
    \advancemathmodecounter{1}
    \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherbackslash\otherlbracket}%
  }%
\html@action@def\]{%
    \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherbackslash\otherrbracket}%
    \advancemathmodecounter{-1}
  }%
\html@action@def\({%
    \advancemathmodecounter{1}
    \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherbackslash(}%
  }%
\html@action@def\){%
    \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherbackslash)}%
    \advancemathmodecounter{-1}
  }%
\html@action@def\ldots{%
    \moodle@ifmathmode{\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\string\ldots}}%
                      {\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherampersand hellip\othersemicol}}%
  }%
\html@action@def\dots{%
    \moodle@ifmathmode{\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\string\dots}}%
                      {\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherampersand hellip\othersemicol}}%
  }%
\html@action@def\ {%
    \moodle@ifmathmode{\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherbackslash\otherspace}}%
                      {\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherspace}}%
  }%
\html@action@def\${%
     \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherdollar}%
  }%
\html@action@def\clozetilde{%
    \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\othertilde}%
  }%
\html@action@def\clozelbrace{%
    \openclozemode
    \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\otherlbrace}%
  }%
\html@action@def\clozerbrace{%
    \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\otherrbrace}%
    \endclozemode
  }%
\html@action@def\TeX{%
    \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherbackslash(\otherbackslash rm\otherbackslash TeX\otherbackslash)}
  }%
\html@action@def\LaTeX{%
    \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherbackslash(\otherbackslash rm\otherbackslash LaTeX\otherbackslash)}
  }%

{\catcode`;=12\relax\gdef\othersemicol{;}}

%Diacritical marks over vowels
{\catcode`|=3\relax
 \gdef\htmlize@vowels{a|e|i|o|u|A|E|I|O|U|}}
\def\htmlize@define@diacritic#1#2{%
  \htmlize@record@action{#1}%
  \g@addto@macro\htmlize@activate@css{%
    \def#1##1{%
      \ifinlist{##1}{\htmlize@vowels}%
        {\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherampersand##1#2\othersemicol}}%
        {\xa\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output\xa{\string#1##1}}%
    }%
  }%
}
\htmlize@define@diacritic{\^}{circ}%
\htmlize@define@diacritic{\'}{acute}%
\htmlize@define@diacritic{\`}{grave}%

%Diaeresis/Tréma/Umlaut
{\catcode`|=3\relax
 \gdef\htmlize@diaeresis{a|e|i|o|u|y|A|E|I|O|U|Y|}}
\html@action@def\"#1{%
    \ifinlist{#1}{\htmlize@diaeresis}%
      {\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherampersand#1uml\othersemicol}}%
      {\xa\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output\xa{\string\"#1}}%
}%

%Hungarian long-umlaut diacritics
\def\@o{o}\def\@O{O}\def\@u{u}\def\@U{U}%
\html@action@def\H#1{%
  \bgroup
    \def\test@i{#1}%
    \ifx\test@i\@O
      \def\toadd{\otherampersand\otherhash336\othersemicol}%
    \else
      \ifx\test@i\@o
        \def\toadd{\otherampersand\otherhash337\othersemicol}%
      \else
        \ifx\test@i\@U
          \def\toadd{\otherampersand\otherhash368\othersemicol}%
        \else
          \ifx\test@i\@u
            \def\toadd{\otherampersand\otherhash369\othersemicol}%
          \else
            \def\toadd{\otherbackslash\otherlbrace#1\otherrbrace}%
          \fi
        \fi
      \fi
    \fi
    \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\toadd}%
  \egroup
}%

%Cedilla
\def\@c{c}\def\@C{C}\def\@s{s}\def\@S{S}\def\@t{t}\def\@T{T}%
\html@action@def\c#1{%
	\bgroup
	  \def\test@i{#1}%
	  \ifx\test@i\@c
	    \def\toadd{\otherampersand ccedil\othersemicol}%
	  \else
	    \ifx\test@i\@C
	      \def\toadd{\otherampersand Ccedil\othersemicol}%
	    \else
	      \ifx\test@i\@s
	        \def\toadd{\otherampersand\otherhash351\othersemicol}%
	      \else
	        \ifx\test@i\@S
	          \def\toadd{\otherampersand\otherhash350\othersemicol}%
	        \else
	          \ifx\test@i\@t
	            \def\toadd{\otherampersand\otherhash355\othersemicol}%
	          \else
	            \ifx\test@i\@T
	              \def\toadd{\otherampersand\otherhash354\othersemicol}%
	            \else
	              \def\toadd{\otherbackslash\otherlbrace#1\otherrbrace}%
	            \fi
	          \fi
	        \fi
	      \fi
	    \fi
	  \fi
	  \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\toadd}%
	\egroup
}%

%Tilde over a, n, o
{\catcode`|=3\relax
 \gdef\htmlize@tilde{A|N|O|a|n|o|}}
\html@action@def\~#1{%
    \ifinlist{#1}{\htmlize@tilde}%
      {\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherampersand#1tilde\othersemicol}}%
      {\xa\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output\xa{\string\~#1}}%
}%

% breve diacritics
{\catcode`|=3\relax
 \gdef\htmlize@breve{A|G|U|a|g|u|}}
\def\@e{e}\def\@E{E}\def\@i{i}\def\@ii{\i}\def\@I{I}\def\@o{o}\def\@O{O}%
\html@action@def\u#1{%
  \ifinlist{#1}{\htmlize@breve}%
     {\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherampersand#1breve\othersemicol}}%
     {
      \bgroup
        \def\test@i{#1}%
        \ifx\test@i\@E
          \def\toadd{\otherampersand\otherhash276\othersemicol}%
        \else
          \ifx\test@i\@e
            \def\toadd{\otherampersand\otherhash277\othersemicol}%
          \else
            \ifx\test@i\@I
              \def\toadd{\otherampersand\otherhash300\othersemicol}%
            \else
              \ifx\test@i\@i
                \def\toadd{\otherampersand\otherhash301\othersemicol}%
              \else
                \ifx\test@i\@ii
                  \def\toadd{\otherampersand\otherhash301\othersemicol}%
                \else
                  \ifx\test@i\@O
                    \def\toadd{\otherampersand\otherhash334\othersemicol}%
                  \else
                    \ifx\test@i\@o
                      \def\toadd{\otherampersand\otherhash335\othersemicol}%
                    \else
                      \def\toadd{\otherbackslash\otherlbrace#1\otherrbrace}%
                    \fi
                  \fi
                \fi
              \fi
            \fi
          \fi
        \fi
        \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\toadd}%
      \egroup
    }%
}%

% caron diacritics
{\catcode`|=3\relax
 \gdef\htmlize@caron{C|D|E|L|N|R|S|T|Z|c|d|e|l|n|r|s|t|z|}}
\html@action@def\v#1{%
    \ifinlist{#1}{\htmlize@caron}%
      {\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{\otherampersand#1caron\othersemicol}}%
      {\xa\g@addto@macro\htmlize@output\xa{\string\v#1}}%
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% 
% \subsubsection{Command sequences for Expansion}
% 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\html@def\underline#1{<SPAN STYLE=\&\#34;text-decoration: underline;\&\#34;>#1</SPAN>}
\html@def\emph#1{<EM>#1</EM>}%
\html@def\textit#1{<I>#1</I>}%
\html@def\textbf#1{<B>#1</B>}%
\html@def\texttt#1{<CODE>#1</CODE>}%
\html@def\textsc#1{<SPAN STYLE=\&\#34;font-variant: small-caps;\&\#34;>#1</SPAN>}
\html@def\url#1{<A href=\&\#34;#1\&\#34;>#1</A>}%
\html@def\href#1#2{<A href=\&\#34;#1\&\#34;>#2</A>}%
\html@def\textsuperscript#1{<SUP>#1</SUP>}%
\html@def\up#1{<SUP>#1</SUP>}%
\html@def\fup#1{<SUP>#1</SUP>}%
\html@def\textsubscript#1{<SUB>#1</SUB>}%
\html@def\blank{____________}%
\html@def\par{</P><P>}%
\html@def\aa{\&aring;}%
\html@def\AA{\&Aring;}%
\html@def\ae{\&aelig;}%
\html@def\AE{\&AElig;}%
\html@def\oe{\&oelig;}%
\html@def\OE{\&OElig;}%
\html@def\S{\&sect;}%
\html@def\euro{\&euro;}%
\html@def\texteuro{\&euro;}%
\html@def\o{\&oslash;}%
\html@def\O{\&Oslash;}%
\html@def\ss{\&szlig;}%
\html@def\SS{\&\#7838;}%
\html@def\l{\&lstrok;}%
\html@def\L{\&Lstrok;}%
\html@def\og{\&laquo;\&\#8239;}%
\html@def\guillemotleft{\&laquo;\&\#8239;}%
\html@def\fg{\&\#8239;\&raquo;}%
\html@def\guillemotright{\&\#8239;\&raquo;}%
\html@def\,{\&\#8239;}%
\html@def\thinspace{\&\#8239;}%
\html@def\textbackslash{\&\#92;}%
\html@def\_{\&\#95;}%
\html@def\textquestiondown{\&iquest;}%
\html@def\textexclamdown{\&iexcl;}%

% AH CUSTOM MACROS TO EXPAND --- remove these before publishing!
%\htmlize@record@expand{\inv}%
%\htmlize@record@expand{\rec}%

\htmlize@record@action\inlinemathrightdelim
\htmlize@record@action\displaymathrightdelim

%    \end{macrocode}
% 
% \subsection{Graphics via {\ttfamily\string\includegraphics}}
% 
% \subsubsection{Finding Media Files}
% The following code is adapted from the command |\Ginclude@graphics| as
% found in |graphics.sty|.
% Calling |\moodle@media@find|\marg{filename} looks for the file the
% same way |\includegraphics| does, with or without extension provided,
% in the current folder and in folders specified with |\graphicspath{}|.
% The allowed extensions and their relative priorities can be set
% via |\DeclareGraphicsExtensions{}|.
% The outcome is that the macros |\moodle@media@base| and |\moodle@media@ext|
% are set with the basename, including path, and extension, respectively.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\moodle@media@find#1{%
  \ifx\detokenize\@undefined\else
    \edef\Gin@extensions{\detokenize\expandafter{\Gin@extensions}}%
  \fi
  \begingroup
  \let\input@path\Ginput@path
  \set@curr@file{#1}%
  \expandafter\filename@parse\expandafter{\@curr@file}%
  \ifx\filename@ext\Gin@gzext
    \expandafter\filename@parse\expandafter{\filename@base}%
    \ifx\filename@ext\relax
      \let\filename@ext\Gin@gzext
    \else
      \edef\Gin@ext{\Gin@ext\Gin@sepdefault\Gin@gzext}%
    \fi
  \fi
  \ifx\filename@ext\relax
    \@for\Gin@temp:=\Gin@extensions\do{%
      \ifx\Gin@ext\relax
        \Gin@getbase\Gin@temp
      \fi}%
  \else
    \Gin@getbase{\Gin@sepdefault\filename@ext}%
    \ifnum0%
        \ifx\Gin@ext\relax 1%
        \else \@ifundefined{Gin@rule@\Gin@ext}{1}{0}%
        \fi >0
      \let\Gin@ext\relax
      \let\Gin@savedbase\filename@base
      \let\Gin@savedext\filename@ext
      \edef\filename@base{\filename@base\Gin@sepdefault\filename@ext}%
      \let\filename@ext\relax
      \@for\Gin@temp:=\Gin@extensions\do{%
          \ifx\Gin@ext\relax
            \Gin@getbase\Gin@temp
          \fi}%
      \ifx\Gin@ext\relax
        \let\filename@base\Gin@savedbase
        \let\filename@ext\Gin@savedext
      \fi
    \fi
    \ifx\Gin@ext\relax
       \@warning{File `#1' not found}%
       \def\Gin@base{\filename@area\filename@base}%
       \edef\Gin@ext{\Gin@sepdefault\filename@ext}%
    \fi
  \fi
    \ifx\Gin@ext\relax
         \@latex@error{File `#1' not found}%
         {I could not locate the file with any of these extensions:^^J%
          \Gin@extensions^^J\@ehc}%
    \else
      % begin modified part
       \xdef\moodle@media@base{\detokenize\xa{\Gin@base}}%
       \xdef\moodle@media@ext{\detokenize\xa{\Gin@ext}}%
      % end modfied part
    \fi
  \endgroup
}
%    \end{macrocode}
%    \begin{macrocode}
%See
% * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Media/Formats/Image_types
% * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Media/Formats/Containers
\def\moodle@media@formats{}
\newcommand{\DeclareMediaFormat}[3]{%
  \xdef\moodle@media@formats{\ifx\moodle@media@formats\empty\else\moodle@media@formats,\fi#1}%
  \csgdef{moodle@media@#1list}{#2}%
  \csgdef{moodle@media@#1mime}{#3}%
}%
% Image Formats
\DeclareMediaFormat{PNG}{.png,.PNG}{image/png}%
\DeclareMediaFormat{JPEG}{.jpg,.JPG,.jpeg,.JPEG}{image/jpeg}%
\DeclareMediaFormat{SVG}{.svg,.SVG}{image/svg+xml}%
\DeclareMediaFormat{GIF}{.gif}{image/gif}%
% Audio Formats
\DeclareMediaFormat{WAV}{.wav,.WAV}{audio/wave}%
\DeclareMediaFormat{MP3}{.mp3,.MP3}{audio/mpeg}%
\DeclareMediaFormat{OGG}{.ogg,.opus,.og&}{audio/ogg}%
%\DeclareMediaFormat{FLAC}{.flac,.FLAC}{audio/flac}%
% Video Formats
\DeclareMediaFormat{WEBM}{.webm,.webm}{video/webm}%
\DeclareMediaFormat{MP4}{.mp4,.MP4,.m4v,.M4V}{video/mp4}%
\DeclareMediaFormat{OGV}{.ogv,.OGV}{video/ogg}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\moodle@media@mime@identify#1{%
  \edef\test@i{\detokenize\xa{#1}}%
  \let\moodle@media@mime@current\relax
  \edef\moodle@media@formats{\detokenize\xa{\moodle@media@formats}}%
  \@for\@format:=\moodle@media@formats\do{%
    \edef\@templist{\csname moodle@media@\@format list\endcsname}%
    \@for\@ext:=\@templist\do{%
      \ifx\moodle@media@mime@current\relax
        \edef\@ext{\detokenize\xa{\@ext}}%
        \ifx\test@i\@ext
          \message{<<extension \@ext (\@format) identified>>^^J}%
          \xdef\moodle@media@mime@current{\csname moodle@media@\@format mime\endcsname}%
          \xdef\moodle@media@ext@current{#1}%
        \fi
      \fi
    }%
  }%
}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{External program command lines}
% We first set up commands for the external programs.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\htmlize@setexecutable#1{%
  % Defines macro #1 to be #2 in a verbatim mode suitable for filenames
  \def\htmlize@executable@macro{#1}%
  \bgroup\catcode`\|=0\catcode`\\=12\relax%
  \htmlize@setexecutable@int
}
\def\htmlize@setexecutable@int#1{%
  \egroup 
  \expandafter\def\htmlize@executable@macro{#1}%
}

\def\ghostscriptcommand{\htmlize@setexecutable\gs}%
\def\baselxivcommand{\htmlize@setexecutable\baselxiv}%
\def\imagemagickcommand{\htmlize@setexecutable\htmlize@imagemagick@convert}%
\def\optipngcommand{\htmlize@setexecutable\optipng}%
\def\PDFtoSVGcommand{\htmlize@setexecutable\PDFtoSVG}%
\def\SVGtoPDFcommand{\htmlize@setexecutable\SVGtoPDF}%
\def\optiSVGcommand{\htmlize@setexecutable\optiSVG}%
\def\DeleteFilecommand{\htmlize@setexecutable\DeleteFiles}%

\ifwindows%
  \ghostscriptcommand{gswin64c.exe -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=pngalpha}%
  \baselxivcommand{certutil}%
  \DeleteFilecommand{del}%
\else%
  \ghostscriptcommand{gs -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=pngalpha}%
  \baselxivcommand{base64}%
  \DeleteFilecommand{rm -f}%
\fi%

\imagemagickcommand{convert -colorspace RGB}%
\optipngcommand{optipng -clobber -strip all -quiet}%
\PDFtoSVGcommand{inkscape --export-type=svg --export-area-page --vacuum-defs}%--pdf-poppler
% remove the "--pdf-poppler" import option if you want to preserve text (avoid conversion to path)
\SVGtoPDFcommand{inkscape --export-type=pdf --export-area-page}%
\optiSVGcommand{scour -q --enable-id-stripping --enable-comment-stripping
                --shorten-ids --indent=none --remove-descriptive-elements}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% 
% \subsubsection{Conversion and inclusion of non-native formats}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\AtEndPreamble{%
  \@ifpackageloaded{graphicx}{%
    \def\@firstofthree#1#2#3{#1}%
    \def\@secondofthree#1#2#3{#2}%
    \newcommand{\DeclareGraphicsAlien}[3]{%
      \edef\Gin@extensions{\Gin@extensions,#1}%
      \DeclareGraphicsRule{#1}{\@gobble#1}{#1}{}%
      \csdef{Gread@\@gobble#1}##1{%
        \edef\SourceFile{\Gin@base\Gin@ext}%
        \edef\Gin@base{\Gin@base-\@gobble#1-converted-to}%
        \edef\Gin@ext{#2}%
        \edef\OutputFile{\Gin@base\Gin@ext}%
        \edef\targetfmt{\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter
                        \@firstofthree\csname Gin@rule@\Gin@ext\endcsname\relax}%
        \edef\targetext{\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter
                        \@secondofthree\csname Gin@rule@\Gin@ext\endcsname\relax}%
        \IfFileExists{\OutputFile}{}{\ShellEscape{#3}}%
        \csletcs{Ginclude@\@gobble#1}{Ginclude@\targetfmt}%
        \csname Gread@\targetfmt\endcsname{\Gin@base\targetext}%
      }%
    }%
% Support for GIF files: passed as-is in XML but converted in PNG for PDF output.
% In case the GIF is animated, we pick up the first frame in this conversion.
% While the picture will be animated after Moodle import, it will not be in the PDF
% output, whatever the viewer is.
    \DeclareGraphicsAlien{.gif}{.png}{\htmlize@imagemagick@convert\otherspace '\SourceFile[0]' \OutputFile}%
  }{}%
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Graphics key-handling}
% Next, we get ready to handle keys like |height=4cm| or |width=3cm| or |ppi=72|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\define@cmdkeys{moodle@includegraphics}[moodle@graphics@]{ppi}
\define@cmdkey{moodle}[moodle@graphics@]{ppi}{}% This is so the ppi key can be set at the document, quiz, or question level.
\define@cmdkeys{Gin}{ppi}% This is so the original \includegraphics will not object to a key of ppi.
\setkeys{moodle@includegraphics}{ppi=103}

\newdimen\moodle@graphics@temp@dimen
\newcount\moodle@graphics@height@pixels
\newcount\moodle@graphics@width@pixels
\def\moodle@graphics@dimentopixels#1#2{%
  \moodle@graphics@temp@dimen=#2\relax
  \moodle@graphics@temp@dimen=0.013837\moodle@graphics@temp@dimen
  \xa\moodle@graphics@temp@dimen\xa=\moodle@graphics@ppi\moodle@graphics@temp@dimen
  #1=\moodle@graphics@temp@dimen
  \divide #1 by 65536\relax
}
\define@key{moodle@includegraphics}{height}[]{%
  \moodle@graphics@dimentopixels{\moodle@graphics@height@pixels}{#1}%
}
\define@key{moodle@includegraphics}{width}[]{%
  \moodle@graphics@dimentopixels{\moodle@graphics@width@pixels}{#1}%
}
\setkeys{moodle@includegraphics}{height=0pt,width=0pt}
%    \end{macrocode}
% 
% \subsubsection{Graphics conversion to HTML}
% If the |tikz| option is loaded, we define the |embedaspict| command.
% Furthermore, |includegraphics| is packed into a TikZ node.
% This allows externalization with regular options for |includegraphics|.
% Otherwise, |includegraphics| is redefined with a limited set of options supported.
%
% Option SVG
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ifmoodle@svg
  \AtEndPreamble{%
% Declaring SVG to PDF conversion rule for includegraphics
%      \edef\Gin@extensions{\Gin@extensions,.svg,.SVG}%
%      \DeclareGraphicsRule{.svg}{pdf}{.pdf}{%
%        `\SVGtoPDF\otherspace '#1' \noexpand\Gin@base-svg-converted-to.pdf}%
%      \DeclareGraphicsRule{.SVG}{pdf}{.pdf}{%
%        `\SVGtoPDF\otherspace '#1' \noexpand\Gin@base-SVG-converted-to.pdf}%
    \DeclareGraphicsAlien{.svg}{.pdf}{%
      \SVGtoPDF\otherspace '\SourceFile' -o '\OutputFile' 2>/dev/null}%
    \DeclareGraphicsAlien{.SVG}{.pdf}{%
      \SVGtoPDF\otherspace '\SourceFile' -o '\OutputFile' 2>/dev/null}%
  }%
\fi

\ifmoodle@tikz
\AfterEndPreamble{%
  %\htmlize@record@expand{\embedaspict}%
  \let\oldincludegraphics=\includegraphics
  % patching includegraphics to trigger externalization
  \renewcommand{\includegraphics}[2][]{%
    %\message{moodle.sty: Processing \string\includegraphics[#1]{#2} for HTML^^J}%
    \tikz{\node[inner sep=0pt]{\oldincludegraphics[#1]{#2}};}%
  }%
  % externalized images must be included with the regular command
  \pgfkeys{/pgf/images/include external/.code={\oldincludegraphics{#1}}}%
  \html@action@newcommand{includegraphics}[2][]{%
    \message{moodle.sty: Processing \string\includegraphics[#1]{#2} ^^J}
    \global\advance\numpicturesread by 1\relax
    \edef\htmlize@imagetag{<IMG SRC="data:\TikzExportMIME;base64,\csname picbaselxiv@\the\numpicturesread\endcsname">}%
    \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\htmlize@imagetag}%
  }%
}%
\else
\html@action@newcommand{includegraphics}[2][]{%
  \bgroup% The grouping is to localize the changes caused by \setkeys.
    \message{moodle.sty: Processing \string\includegraphics[#1]{#2} for HTML...^^J}
    \setkeys*{moodle@includegraphics}{#1}%
    % Height or width should be given in TeX dimensions like cm or pt or in,
    % and are converted to pixels for web use using the ppi key.  
    % TODO: Can we modify \includegraphics to accept height or width in 
    %        pixels?
    % TODO: What about \includegraphics[scale=0.7] ?
    %        Other keys: keepaspectratio=true|false, angle (rotation), clip & trim
    %           -> the package option 'tikz' offers a workaround for this
    \ifnum\moodle@graphics@height@pixels=0\relax
      \ifnum\moodle@graphics@width@pixels=0\relax
        % No size specified.  Default to height of 200 pixels.
        \def\moodle@graphics@geometry{x200}%
        \def\moodle@graphics@htmlgeometry{}%
      \else
        % Width only specified.
        \edef\moodle@graphics@geometry{\number\moodle@graphics@width@pixels}%
        \edef\moodle@graphics@htmlgeometry{width=\number\moodle@graphics@width@pixels}%
      \fi
    \else
      \ifnum\moodle@graphics@width@pixels=0\relax
        % Height only specified.  The `x' is part of the syntax.
        \edef\moodle@graphics@geometry{x\number\moodle@graphics@height@pixels}%
        \edef\moodle@graphics@htmlgeometry{height=\number\moodle@graphics@height@pixels}%
      \else
        % Height and width both specified.  The `!' is part of the syntax.
        \edef\moodle@graphics@geometry{\number\moodle@graphics@width@pixels x\number\moodle@graphics@height@pixels!}%
        \edef\moodle@graphics@htmlgeometry{width=\number\moodle@graphics@width@pixels\otherspace height=\number\moodle@graphics@height@pixels}%
      \fi
    \fi
    %Look for the file, even if no extension is provided
    \moodle@media@find{#2}%
    %\message{<<\moodle@media@base>>^^J}
    %\message{<<\moodle@media@ext>>^^J}
    %Try to identify corresponding MIME-type
    \moodle@media@mime@identify{\moodle@media@ext}%
    \ifx\moodle@media@mime@current\relax
      % conversion needed
      \edef\moodle@media@pdf{\detokenize{.pdf}}%
      \edef\moodle@media@ext{\detokenize\xa{\moodle@media@ext}}%
      \ifnum0\ifx\moodle@media@ext\moodle@media@pdf1\fi\ifmoodle@svg1\fi=11% PDF file and SVG option active
        \def\moodle@media@ext@current{.svg}%
        \edef\moodle@media@mime@current{\moodle@media@SVGmime}%
        \edef\cmdline{\PDFtoSVG\otherspace "\moodle@media@base\moodle@media@ext" -o "\moodle@media@base\moodle@media@ext@current" 2>/dev/null}%
        \message{moodle.sty:   Converting '#2' to SVG...^^J}%
        \xa\ShellEscape\xa{\cmdline}%
        %Next, optimize inline
        \ifwindows\else
          \edef\cmdline{\optiSVG < "\moodle@media@base\moodle@media@ext@current" >
           "\moodle@media@base.tmp.svg" && mv "\moodle@media@base.tmp.svg"
           "\moodle@media@base\moodle@media@ext@current"}%
          \message{moodle.sty:   Optimizing '\moodle@media@base\moodle@media@ext@current'...^^J}%
          \xa\ShellEscape\xa{\cmdline}%
        \fi
      \else% call ImageMagick
        \def\moodle@media@ext@current{.png}%
        \def\moodle@media@mime@current{image/png}%
        \edef\cmdline{\htmlize@imagemagick@convert\otherspace "\moodle@media@base\moodle@media@ext" -resize \moodle@graphics@geometry\otherspace "\moodle@media@base\moodle@media@ext@current"}%
        \message{moodle.sty:   Converting '#2' to PNG...^^J}%
        \xa\ShellEscape\xa{\cmdline}%
        %Next, optimize inline
        \edef\cmdline{\optipng\otherspace "\moodle@media@base\moodle@media@ext@current"}%
        \message{moodle.sty:   Optimizing '\moodle@media@base\moodle@media@ext@current'...^^J}%
        \xa\ShellEscape\xa{\cmdline}%
      \fi
    \fi
    %Next, convert the file to base64 encoding
    \ConvertToBaseLXIV{\moodle@media@base}{\moodle@media@ext@current}%
    %Now, save that base64 encoding in a TeX macro
    \def\moodle@newpic@baselxiv{}%
    \message{moodle.sty:   Reading base64 file '\moodle@media@base.enc'...^^J}%
    \openin\baseLXIVdatafile="\moodle@media@base.enc"
      \savebaselxivdata@recursive
    \closein\baseLXIVdatafile
    %Clean up files
    \ifx\moodle@media@ext@current\moodle@media@ext
      \ShellEscape{\DeleteFiles\otherspace "\moodle@media@base.enc"}%
    \else
      \ShellEscape{\DeleteFiles\otherspace "\moodle@media@base.enc" "\moodle@media@base\moodle@media@ext@current"}%
    \fi
    \xa\global\xa\let\csname picbaselxiv@graphics@#2\endcsname=\moodle@newpic@baselxiv%
    \edef\htmlize@imagetag{<IMG \moodle@graphics@htmlgeometry\otherspace SRC="data:\moodle@media@mime@current;base64,\csname picbaselxiv@graphics@#2\endcsname">}%
    \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\htmlize@imagetag}%
    \message{moodle.sty:   <IMG> tag inserted.^^J}%
  \egroup
}%
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% This macro is in charge of throwing a system call to convert local files to base64.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ifwindows
  \def\ConvertToBaseLXIV#1#2{%
    \def\cmdline{\baselxiv\otherspace -encode "#1#2"\otherspace tmp.b64 && findstr /vbc:"---" tmp.b64 > "#1" && del tmp.b64"}%
    \message{moodle.sty:   Converting '#1#2' to base64...^^J}%
    \xa\ShellEscape\xa{\cmdline}%
  % Starting from Windows 7, CertUtil is included by default. There should be no windows XP still running
  }%  
\else
  \ifmacosx
    \def\ConvertToBaseLXIV#1#2{%
      \def\cmdline{\baselxiv\otherspace -b 64 -i "#1#2"\otherspace -o "#1.enc"}%
      \message{moodle.sty:   Converting '#1#2' to base64...^^J}%
      \xa\ShellEscape\xa{\cmdline}%
    }%
  \else % Linux, Cygwin
    \def\ConvertToBaseLXIV#1#2{%
      \def\cmdline{\baselxiv\otherspace "#1#2"\otherspace > "#1.enc"}%
      \message{moodle.sty:   Converting '#1#2' to base64...^^J}%
      \xa\ShellEscape\xa{\cmdline}%
    }%
    % base64 is part of coreutils, add "-w 64" to get exactly the previous behavior  %
  \fi
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% The following code accomplishes the reading of an |.enc| file into memory.
% It is also used by the \TikZ\ code below.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newread\baseLXIVdatafile
\def\savebaselxivdata@recursive{%
  \ifeof\baseLXIVdatafile
    \let\baselxiv@next=\relax
  \else
    \read\baseLXIVdatafile to \datalinein
    %\message{<<\datalinein>>^^J}
    \ifx\datalinein\@moodle@par
      \let\baselxiv@next=\relax
    \else
      %We add tokens manually, rather than with \g@addto@macro, to save time.
      \xa\xa\xa\gdef\xa\xa\xa\moodle@newpic@baselxiv\xa\xa\xa{\xa\moodle@newpic@baselxiv\datalinein^^J}%
      \let\baselxiv@next=\savebaselxivdata@recursive
    \fi
  \fi
  \baselxiv@next
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% 
% \subsection{\TikZ\ Picture Handling}
% If the user is not using the \TikZ\ package, there is no need to waste time 
% loading it.  Without \TikZ\ loaded, however, many of the following commands
% are undefined.
% Our solution is to wait until |\AtBeginDocument| and then test whether 
% \TikZ\ is loaded.  If so, we make the appropriate definitions.
% \begin{macro}{TikZ}
% \changes{v0.7}{2020/07/14}{Support \emph{tikz}\ command}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\AtBeginDocument{
  \ifx\tikzpicture\@undefined
    \moodle@tikzloadedfalse
  \else
    \moodle@tikzloadedtrue
  \fi
  \ifmoodle@draftmode
    \long\def\tikzifexternalizing#1#2{#2}%
  \else
  \ifmoodle@tikzloaded
    \usetikzlibrary{external}%
    \tikzexternalize%
    \tikzset{external/force remake}%
    \def\moodle@basename{\tikzexternalrealjob-tikztemp-\the\numconvertedpictures}%
    \ifmoodle@svg
      \def\TikzExportExtension{.svg}%
      \def\TikzExportMIME{image/svg+xml}%
      \ifpdfoutput% tex engines defaulting to PDF output (pdflatex, xelatex, lualatex)
        \def\ExportTikz{ \message{moodle.sty: Converting picture '\moodle@basename.pdf' to SVG...^^J}%
                         \edef\cmdline{\PDFtoSVG\otherspace "\moodle@basename.pdf" -o "\moodle@basename\TikzExportExtension" 2>/dev/null}%
                         \xa\ShellEscape\xa{\cmdline}}%
      \else % latex
        \def\ExportTikz{ \message{moodle.sty: Converting picture '\moodle@basename.ps' to SVG...^^J}%
                         \edef\cmdline{\PDFtoSVG\otherspace "\moodle@basename.ps" -o "\moodle@basename\TikzExportExtension" 2>/dev/null}%
                         \xa\ShellEscape\xa{\cmdline}}%
      \fi
      \def\OptimizeExport{ \message{moodle.sty:   Optimizing '\moodle@basename.svg'...^^J}%
                           \edef\cmdline{\optiSVG\otherspace < "\moodle@basename\TikzExportExtension" >
                                         "\moodle@basename.tmp.svg" && mv "\moodle@basename.tmp.svg"
                                         "\moodle@basename\TikzExportExtension" }%
                           \xa\ShellEscape\xa{\cmdline}}%
    \else
      \def\TikzExportExtension{.png}%
      \def\TikzExportMIME{image/png}%
      \ifpdfoutput% tex engines defaulting to PDF output (pdflatex, xelatex, lualatex)
        \def\ExportTikz{ \message{moodle.sty: Converting picture '\moodle@basename.pdf' to PNG...^^J}%
                         \edef\gscmdline{\gs\otherspace -sOutputFile=\moodle@basename\TikzExportExtension\otherspace -r150 \moodle@basename.pdf}%
                         \xa\ShellEscape\xa{\gscmdline}}%
      \else % latex
        \def\ExportTikz{ \message{moodle.sty: Converting picture '\moodle@basename.ps' to PNG...^^J}%
                         \edef\gscmdline{\gs\otherspace -sOutputFile=\moodle@basename\TikzExportExtension\otherspace -r150 \\moodle@basename.ps}%
                         \xa\ShellEscape\xa{\gscmdline}}%
      \fi
      \def\OptimizeExport{ \message{moodle.sty:   Optimizing '\moodle@basename.png'...^^J}%
                           \edef\cmdline{\optipng\otherspace \moodle@basename\TikzExportExtension}%
                           \xa\ShellEscape\xa{\cmdline}}%
    \fi
    \let\moodle@oldtikzpicture=\tikzpicture
    %The following code lets us run things *before* the normal \begin{tikzpicture}.
    \renewenvironment{tikzpicture}{%
      \global\advance\numconvertedpictures by 1\relax
      %\jobnamewithsuffixtomacro{\htmlize@picbasename}{-tikztemp-\the\numconvertedpictures}%
      %\xa\tikzsetnextfilename\xa{\htmlize@picbasename}%
      \tikzsetnextfilename{\tikzexternalrealjob-tikztemp-\the\numconvertedpictures}%
      \moodle@oldtikzpicture%
    }{}%
    % However, the tikz externalize library does *not* run \end{tikzpicture}.
    % In order to run commands after the tikz picture is done compiling, we need to 
    % use a hook into \tikzexternal@closeenvironments.
    \g@addto@macro{\tikzexternal@closeenvironments}{%
      \moodle@endtikzpicture@hook
    }
% The following could replace calls to \pdftopng, \pngoptim and \pngtobaselxiv
%    \tikzset{external/system call/.add={}{;
%         gs -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=pngalpha -sOutputFile="\image.png" -r150 "\image.pdf";
%         optipng -clobber -strip all -quiet "\image.png";
%         base64 "\image.png" > "\image.enc"
%      }
%    }
% With the following mechanism, we could trigger something when the externalized images are included back.
%    \pgfkeys{/pgf/images/include external/.code={\pgfimage{#1}\@moodle@ifgeneratexml{\savebaselxivdata}{}}}
%
    \def\moodle@endtikzpicture@hook{%
      \@moodle@ifgeneratexml{%
        \ExportTikz
        \OptimizeExport
        \ConvertToBaseLXIV{\moodle@basename}{\TikzExportExtension}%
        \message{moodle.sty:   Reading base64 file '\tikzexternalrealjob-tikztemp-\the\numconvertedpictures.enc'...^^J}%
        \savebaselxivdata
        \message{moodle.sty:   base64 data saved.^^J}%
      }{}%
    }
    \ifmoodle@tikz
      \tikzset{external/optimize=false}% due to redefinition, includegraphics must not be optimized away
    \else
      \tikzset{external/optimize=true}%
      \tikzset{external/optimize command away={\VerbatimInput}{1}}%
    \fi
    %
    % The HTMLizer version of the tikzpicture environment,
    % which writes an <IMG> tag to the XML file.
    \htmlize@record@environment{tikzpicture}%
    \g@addto@macro\htmlize@activate@environments{%
      \let\tikzpicture\relax\let\endtikzpicture\relax
      \NewEnviron{tikzpicture}[1][]{%
        \global\advance\numpicturesread by 1\relax
        \edef\htmlize@imagetag{<IMG SRC="data:\TikzExportMIME;base64,\csname picbaselxiv@\the\numpicturesread\endcsname">}%
        \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\htmlize@imagetag}%
      }[\htmlize@patchendenvironment]%
    }%
    \html@action@newcommand{tikz}[2][]{%
%      \message{>>> Processing \string\tikz[#1]{...} ^^J}
      \global\advance\numpicturesread by 1\relax
      \edef\htmlize@imagetag{<IMG SRC="data:\TikzExportMIME;base64,\csname picbaselxiv@\the\numpicturesread\endcsname">}%
      \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\htmlize@imagetag}%
    }%
  \else
    %TikZ not loaded.  Provide dummy definitions for commands.
    \long\def\tikzifexternalizing#1#2{#2}%
  \fi
  \fi
  \ifmoodle@tikz
    \tikzstyle{moodlepict}=[minimum height=1em,inner sep=0pt,execute at begin node={\begin{varwidth}{\linewidth}},execute at end node={\end{varwidth}}]
    \newcommand\embedaspict[1]{\tikz[baseline=-\the\dimexpr\fontdimen22\textfont2\relax]{\node[moodlepict]{\mbox{#1}};}}
    \htmlize@record@expand{\embedaspict}
  \fi
}

\newcount\numconvertedpictures
\numconvertedpictures=0\relax
\newcount\numpicturesread
\numpicturesread=0\relax

\def\savebaselxivdata{%
  \def\moodle@newpic@baselxiv{}%
  \openin\baseLXIVdatafile=\tikzexternalrealjob-tikztemp-\the\numconvertedpictures.enc\relax
    \savebaselxivdata@recursive
  \closein\baseLXIVdatafile
  \xa\global\xa\let\csname picbaselxiv@\the\numconvertedpictures\endcsname=\moodle@newpic@baselxiv%
}

\ifmoodle@tikz
  \ifmoodle@tikzloaded
    \PackageWarning{moodle}{With package option 'tikz', you should not load TikZ manually.}%
  \fi
  \RequirePackage{tikz}%
  \RequirePackage{varwidth}% for the command |embedaspict|
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% Finally, we clean up our mess by deleting the temporary PDF, PNG, and ENC 
% files we created.
% With XeTeX, we cannot clean pictures pdf's because they are actually included in the final pdf afterwards, by xdvipdfmx.
% With LuaTeX, it looks like |\AtEndDocument| is too early to for this cleaning step.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\AfterEndDocument{%
  \ifmoodle@tikzloaded
    \@moodle@ifgeneratexml{%
      \ifXeTeX
        % we must keep picture pdf's for subsequent linking (xdvipdfmx)
        \ifwindows
          \ShellEscape{powershell.exe -noexit "del * -include \tikzexternalrealjob-tikztemp-*.* -exclude *.pdf}%
        \else
          \ShellEscape{find . -type f -name "\tikzexternalrealjob-tikztemp-*.*" -not -name "*.pdf" -delete}%
        \fi
      \else
        \ShellEscape{\DeleteFiles\otherspace \tikzexternalrealjob-tikztemp-*.*}%
      \fi
    }{}%
  \fi
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% TODO:
% * sizing options for TikZ pictures?
%\end{macro}
%
% \subsection{Other Media}
% Support for other media comes through the |\url|\marg{link} and |\href|\marg{link}\marg{text}
% commands.
\AtEndPreamble{%
  \@ifpackageloaded{hyperref}{%
    \let\oldhref\href
    \let\oldurl\url
    \def\moodle@hyper@readexternallink#1#2#3#4:#5:#6\\#7{%
% 1) The link type (the string "link" in the cases I observed)
% 2) The URL fragment (i.e. what comes after # in the end),
% 3) the text replacement,
% 4) the URL scheme (http, https, mailto, file, run etc),
% 5) the URL details (in general, that is whole authority + path + query).
%    If the URL contains a column (specification of a password in userinfo or a
%    port in authority), we get here whatever comes before the first column (:)
% 6) empty is URL contains no column. Otherwise, filled with whatever follows
%    a first column (:) after the scheme,
% 7) the whole URL again (fragment removed).
      \def\filename@ext{}%
      \def\filename@area{}%
      \def\filename@base{}%
      \ifx\\#6\\% if ##6 is empty (the URL contains no column -> no scheme -> local)
        %\@hyper@linkfile file:#7\\{#3}{#2}{#7}% local file
        %Local file (##1|##2|##3|##4|##5|##6): ##7\par
        \filename@parse{#4}%
        \ConvertToBaseLXIV{\filename@area\filename@base}{.\filename@ext}%
      \else
        \ifx\\#4\\%if ##4 is empty (no scheme was specified -> local file)
%          %\@hyper@linkfile file:#7\\{#3}{#2}{#7}% Mac filename ?
%          Local file (Mac? ##1|##2|##3|##4|##5|##6): ##7\par
          \filename@parse{#4}%
          \ConvertToBaseLXIV{\filename@area\filename@base}{.\filename@ext}%
        \else
          \def\@pdftempa{#4}%
          \ifx\@pdftempa\@pdftempwordfile% scheme is "file:"
%            %\@hyper@linkfile#7\\{#3}{#2}{#7}% file
%            Local file (no column ##1|##2|##3|##4|##5|##6): ##7\par
            \filename@parse{#5}%
            \ConvertToBaseLXIV{\filename@area\filename@base}{.\filename@ext}%
          \else
            \ifx\@pdftempa\@pdftempwordrun% scheme is "run:"
              \ifHy@pdfa
                \Hy@Error{%
                  PDF/A: Launch action is prohibited%
                }\@ehc
                \begingroup
                  \leavevmode
%                  ##2%
                \endgroup
              \else% not in PDF/A mode -> run is allowed
                %\@hyper@launch#7\\{#3}{#2}% run local file
%                Run local file (##1|##2|##3|##4|##5|##6): ##7\par
                \filename@parse{#5}%
                \ConvertToBaseLXIV{\filename@area\filename@base}{.\filename@ext}%
              \fi
            \else% scheme is neither "file" nor "run", assuming it is a web protocol
              %\hyper@linkurl{#3}{#7\ifx\\#2\\\else\hyper@hash#2\fi}% URL
%              URL (##1|##2|##3|##4|##5|##6): ##7\par
              \filename@parse{#7}%
            \fi
          \fi
        \fi
      \fi
      \xdef\moodle@media@ext{.\filename@ext}%
      \xdef\moodle@media@base{\filename@area\filename@base}%
    }%
%    \html@action@newcommand{href}[3][]{%
%      \bgroup% The grouping is to localize the changes caused by \setkeys.
%        \message{moodle.sty: Processing \string\href[#1]{#2}{#3} for HTML...^^J}%
% the following macro is a modified version of hyperref's |\hyper@readexternallink|
%        \let\@hyper@readexternallink\moodle@hyper@readexternallink
%        \oldhref[#1]{#2}{#3}%
        %\message{<<\moodle@media@base>>^^J}
        %\message{<<\moodle@media@ext>>^^J}
        %Try to identify corresponding MIME-type
%        \moodle@media@mime@identify{\moodle@media@ext}%
        %\edef\moodle@media@mime@current{\detokenize\xa{\moodle@media@mime@current}}%
%        \xa\message\xa{moodle.sty: \moodle@media@mime@current^^J}%
%        \ifx\moodle@media@mime@current\relax
%          \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{<A href=\otherampersand\otherhash34;\moodle@media@base\moodle@media@ext\otherampersand\otherhash34;>#3</A>}%
%          \message{moodle.sty:   <A> tag inserted.^^J}%
%        \else
%          \filename@parse{\moodle@media@mime@current}%
%          \def\@tmp{audio/}
%          \ifx\filename@area\@tmp
%            \IfFileExists{\moodle@media@base.enc}{%
%              \def\moodle@newpic@baselxiv{}%
%              \openin\baseLXIVdatafile=\moodle@media@base.enc\relax
%                \savebaselxivdata@recursive
%              \closein\baseLXIVdatafile
%              \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{<audio controls src="data:\moodle@media@mime@current;base64,\moodle@newpic@baselxiv">#3</audio>}%
%            }{%
%              \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{<audio controls src="\moodle@media@base\moodle@media@ext">#3</audio>}%
%            }%
%            \message{moodle.sty:   <audio> tag inserted.^^J}%
%          \else
%            \def\@tmp{video/}
%            \ifx\filename@area\@tmp
%              \IfFileExists{\moodle@media@base.enc}{%
%                \def\moodle@newpic@baselxiv{}%
%                \openin\baseLXIVdatafile=\moodle@media@base.enc\relax
%                  \savebaselxivdata@recursive
%                \closein\baseLXIVdatafile
%                \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{<video controls src="data:\moodle@media@mime@current;base64,\moodle@newpic@baselxiv">#3</video>}%
%              }{%
%                \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{<video controls src="\moodle@media@base\moodle@media@ext">#3</video>}%
%              }%
%              \message{moodle.sty:   <video> tag inserted.^^J}%
%            \else
%              \PackageWarning{moodle}{cannot recognize MIME type of #2. Ignoring it.}%
%            \fi
%          \fi
%        \fi
%      \egroup
%    }%
%    \html@action@def\url#1{%
%      \bgroup% The grouping is to localize the changes caused by \setkeys.
%        \message{moodle.sty: Processing \string\url{#1} for HTML...^^J}%
% the following macro is a modified version of hyperref's |\hyper@readexternallink|
%        \let\@hyper@readexternallink\moodle@hyper@readexternallink
%        \oldhref{#1}{#1}%
%        \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{<A href=\otherampersand\otherhash34;\moodle@media@base\moodle@media@ext\otherampersand\otherhash34;>#1</A>}%
%        \message{moodle.sty:   <A> tag inserted.^^J}%
%      \egroup
%    }%
  }{}%
}%
%
% \subsection{Verbatim Code}
% 
% We start by defining a macro to parameter a style for code box display in Moodle
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\xmlDisplayVerbatimBox{border-top: thin solid; border-bottom: thin solid}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% First, let us handle |\verbatiminput| from the `verbatim' package
%    \begin{macrocode}
\html@action@def\verbatiminput#1{%
  \message{moodle.sty: Processing \string\verbatiminput{#1} for HTML ^^J}%
  \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{<PRE style="\xmlDisplayVerbatimBox"><CODE>}%
  %%%%%%%%%%%%%% from verbatim %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
  \@bsphack
  \let\do\@makeother\dospecials
  \catcode`\^^M\active
  \def\verbatim@processline{\xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\the\verbatim@line<BR/>}}
  \verbatim@readfile{#1}%
  \@esphack
   %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
  \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{</CODE></PRE>}%
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% Second, we deal with |\VerbatimInput| from `fancyvrb' or `fvextra'
%    \begin{macrocode}
\@ifpackageloaded{minted}{\PackageError{moodle}{'moodle' should be loaded before 'minted'.}%
{'moodle' loads 'fancybox' which, unfortunately, redefines verbatim commands.}}{\relax}%
\@ifpackageloaded{fvextra}{\PackageError{moodle}{'moodle' should be loaded before 'fvextra'.}%
{'moodle' loads 'fancybox' which, unfortunately, redefines verbatim commands.}}{\relax}%
\@ifpackageloaded{fancyvrb}{\PackageError{moodle}{'moodle' should be loaded before 'fancyvrb'.}%
{'moodle' loads 'fancybox' which, unfortunately, redefines verbatim commands.}}{\relax}%

\html@action@newcommand{VerbatimInput}[2][]{%
  \message{moodle.sty: Processing \string\VerbatimInput[#1]{#2} for HTML ^^J}%
  \def\FV@KeyValues{#1}%
  \FV@UseKeyValues% import options defined in #1
  \moodle@VerbatimInput{#2}%
}%
\html@action@newcommand{LVerbatimInput}[2][]{%
  \message{moodle.sty: Processing \string\LVerbatimInput[#1]{#2} for HTML ^^J}%
  \def\FV@KeyValues{#1}%
  \FV@UseKeyValues% import options defined in #1
  \moodle@VerbatimInput{#2}%
}%
\html@action@newcommand{BVerbatimInput}[2][]{%
  \message{moodle.sty: Processing \string\BVerbatimInput[#1]{#2} for HTML ^^J}%
  \def\FV@KeyValues{#1}%
  \FV@UseKeyValues% import options defined in #1
  \moodle@VerbatimInput{#2}%
}%
\def\moodle@VerbatimInput#1{%
  \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{<PRE style="\xmlDisplayVerbatimBox"><CODE>}%
  %%%%%%%% using material from fancyvrb and fvextra  %%%%%%%%
  %\begingroup
  \def\moodle@verbatim@addlinenumber##1{%
    \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{<span style="font-size: 80\otherpercent; 
         background-color: \otherhash f0f0f0; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; display:
         inline-block; width: 16pt; ##1">}%
    \if@FV@NumberBlankLines
      \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\the\c@FancyVerbLine</span>}%
    \else
      \ifx\FV@Line\empty
        \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\otherampersand nbsp;</span>}%
      \else
        \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\the\c@FancyVerbLine</span>}%
      \fi 
    \fi
  }
  % redefine the ProcessLine routine ('fancyvrb' and 'fvextra') for XML output
  \def\FV@ProcessLine##1{%
    \ifcsname FV@HighlightLine:\number\c@FancyVerbLine\endcsname
      \xdef\moodle@FV@tagB{<mark>}% fvextra triggered highlighting for this line
      \xdef\moodle@FV@tagE{</mark>}%
    \else
      \xdef\moodle@FV@tagB{}% no highlighting
      \xdef\moodle@FV@tagE{}%
    \fi
    \catcode`\`=12%
    \def\FV@Line{##1}%
    \ifx\FV@LeftListNumber\relax
    
    \else% line numbers displayed on the left side
      \moodle@verbatim@addlinenumber{text-align: right}%
    \fi
    \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\moodle@FV@tagB}%
    \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\FV@Line}%
    \xa\g@addto@macro\xa\htmlize@output\xa{\moodle@FV@tagE}%
    \ifx\FV@RightListNumber\relax\else% line numbers on the right side
      \moodle@verbatim@addlinenumber{text-align: left; float: right}%
    \fi
    \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{<BR/>}%linebreak
  }
  \global\FV@CodeLineNo\z@% reset codeline counter
  \frenchspacing% Cancels special punctuation spacing.
  \FV@DefineWhiteSpace
  \def\FV@Space{\space}
  \FV@DefineTabOut% replace tabs with a series a whitespaces
  \ifdefined\FV@HighlightLinesPrep
    \FV@HighlightLinesPrep% prepare highlighting if 'fvextra' is loaded
  \fi
  \FV@Input{#1}%
  %\endgroup
  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
  \g@addto@macro\htmlize@output{</CODE></PRE>}%
}%
\AtEndPreamble{%
  \@ifpackageloaded{fancyvrb}{%
    % custom settings for display
    \fvset{frame=lines,label={[Beginning of code]End of code},framesep=3mm,numbersep=9pt}%
  }{\relax}%
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Third, we patch `minted' so that it also calls pygmentize to generate HTML code.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\AtEndPreamble{% this definition should prevail because `minted' gets loaded after `moodle'
\@ifpackageloaded{minted}{%
  \newcounter{moodle@pygmentizecounter}%
  \renewcommand{\minted@pygmentize}[2][\minted@outputdir\minted@jobname.pyg]{%
    \minted@checkstyle{\minted@get@opt{style}{default}}%
    \stepcounter{minted@pygmentizecounter}%
    \ifthenelse{\equal{\minted@get@opt{autogobble}{false}}{true}}%
      {\def\minted@codefile{\minted@outputdir\minted@jobname.pyg}}%
      {\def\minted@codefile{#1}}%
    \ifthenelse{\boolean{minted@isinline}}%
      {\def\minted@optlistcl@inlines{%
        \minted@optlistcl@g@i
        \csname minted@optlistcl@lang\minted@lang @i\endcsname}}%
      {\let\minted@optlistcl@inlines\@empty}%
    \def\minted@cmdtemplate##1##2{%
      \ifminted@kpsewhich
        \ifwindows
          \detokenize{for /f "usebackq tokens=*"}\space\@percentchar\detokenize{a 
          in (`kpsewhich}\space\minted@codefile\detokenize{`) do}\space
        \fi
      \fi
      \MintedPygmentize\space -l #2 -f ##1 -F tokenmerge
      \minted@optlistcl@g \csname minted@optlistcl@lang\minted@lang\endcsname
      \minted@optlistcl@inlines
      \minted@optlistcl@cmd -o \minted@outputdir##2\space
      \ifminted@kpsewhich
        \ifwindows
          \@percentchar\detokenize{a}%
        \else
          \detokenize{`}kpsewhich \minted@codefile\space
            \detokenize{||} \minted@codefile\detokenize{`}%
        \fi
      \else
        \minted@codefile
      \fi}%
    \def\minted@cmd{\minted@cmdtemplate{latex -P commandprefix=PYG}{\minted@infile}}
    % For debugging, uncomment: %%%%
    \immediate\typeout{\minted@cmd}%
    % %%%%
    \def\minted@cmdHTML{\minted@cmdtemplate{html -P noclasses -P 
      nowrap -P hl_lines="\FV@HighlightLinesList" -P
      style="\minted@get@opt{style}{default}"}{\csname minted@infileHTML\the\c@minted@pygmentizecounter\endcsname}}%
    \def\minted@cmdPNG{\minted@cmdtemplate{png -P    
      line_numbers=True}{\minted@infilePNG}}%
    \def\minted@cmdSVG{\minted@cmdtemplate{svg -P 
      linenos=True}{\minted@infileSVG}}%
    \ifthenelse{\boolean{minted@cache}}%
      {%
        \ifminted@frozencache
        \else
          \ifx\XeTeXinterchartoks\minted@undefined
            \ifthenelse{\equal{\minted@get@opt{autogobble}{false}}{true}}%
              {\edef\minted@hash{\pdf@filemdfivesum{#1}%
                \pdf@mdfivesum{\minted@cmd autogobble(\ifx\FancyVerbStartNum\z@ 
                0\else\FancyVerbStartNum\fi-\ifx\FancyVerbStopNum\z@ 
                0\else\FancyVerbStopNum\fi)}}}%
              {\edef\minted@hash{\pdf@filemdfivesum{#1}%
                \pdf@mdfivesum{\minted@cmd}}}%
          \else
            \ifx\mdfivesum\minted@undefined
              \immediate\openout\minted@code\minted@jobname.mintedcmd\relax
              \immediate\write\minted@code{\minted@cmd}%
              \ifthenelse{\equal{\minted@get@opt{autogobble}{false}}{true}}%
                {\immediate\write\minted@code{autogobble(\ifx\FancyVerbStartNum\z@
                 0\else\FancyVerbStartNum\fi-\ifx\FancyVerbStopNum\z@ 
                0\else\FancyVerbStopNum\fi)}}{}%
              \immediate\closeout\minted@code
              \edef\minted@argone@esc{#1}%
              \StrSubstitute{\minted@argone@esc}{\@backslashchar}{\@backslashchar\@backslashchar}[\minted@argone@esc]%
              \StrSubstitute{\minted@argone@esc}{"}{\@backslashchar"}[\minted@argone@esc]%
              \edef\minted@tmpfname@esc{\minted@outputdir\minted@jobname}%
              \StrSubstitute{\minted@tmpfname@esc}{\@backslashchar}{\@backslashchar\@backslashchar}[\minted@tmpfname@esc]%
              \StrSubstitute{\minted@tmpfname@esc}{"}{\@backslashchar"}[\minted@tmpfname@esc]%
              %Cheating a little here by using ASCII codes to write `{` and `}`
              %in the Python code
              \def\minted@hashcmd{%
                \detokenize{python -c "import hashlib; import os;
                  hasher = hashlib.sha1();
                  f = 
                  open(os.path.expanduser(os.path.expandvars(\"}\minted@tmpfname@esc.mintedcmd\detokenize{\")),
                   \"rb\");
                  hasher.update(f.read());
                  f.close();
                  f = 
                  open(os.path.expanduser(os.path.expandvars(\"}\minted@argone@esc\detokenize{\")),
                   \"rb\");
                  hasher.update(f.read());
                  f.close();
                  f = 
                  open(os.path.expanduser(os.path.expandvars(\"}\minted@tmpfname@esc.mintedmd5\detokenize{\")),
                   \"w\");
                  macro = \"\\edef\\minted@hash\" + chr(123) + hasher.hexdigest() 
                  + chr(125) + \"\";
                  f.write(\"\\makeatletter\" + macro + 
                  \"\\makeatother\\endinput\n\");
                  f.close();"}}%
              \ShellEscape{\minted@hashcmd}%
              \minted@input{\minted@outputdir\minted@jobname.mintedmd5}%
            \else
              \ifthenelse{\equal{\minted@get@opt{autogobble}{false}}{true}}%
               {\edef\minted@hash{\mdfivesum file {#1}%
                  \mdfivesum{\minted@cmd autogobble(\ifx\FancyVerbStartNum\z@ 
                  0\else\FancyVerbStartNum\fi-\ifx\FancyVerbStopNum\z@ 
                  0\else\FancyVerbStopNum\fi)}}}%
               {\edef\minted@hash{\mdfivesum file {#1}%
                  \mdfivesum{\minted@cmd}}}%
            \fi
          \fi
          \edef\minted@infile{\minted@cachedir/\minted@hash.pygtex}%
          \edef\minted@temp@infileHTML{\minted@cachedir/\minted@hash.html}%
          \global\cslet{minted@infileHTML\the\c@minted@pygmentizecounter}{\minted@temp@infileHTML}%
          %\global\edef\minted@infilePNG{\minted@cachedir/\minted@hash.png}%
          %\global\edef\minted@infileSVG{\minted@cachedir/\minted@hash.svg}%
          \IfFileExists{\minted@infile}{}{%
            \ifthenelse{\equal{\minted@get@opt{autogobble}{false}}{true}}{%
              \minted@autogobble{#1}}{}%
            \ShellEscape{\minted@cmd}%
            \ShellEscape{\minted@cmdHTML}%
            %\ShellEscape{\minted@cmdPNG}%
            %\ShellEscape{\minted@cmdSVG}%
            }%
        \fi
        \ifthenelse{\boolean{minted@finalizecache}}%
         {%
            \edef\minted@cachefilename{listing\arabic{minted@pygmentizecounter}.pygtex}%
            \edef\minted@actualinfile{\minted@cachedir/\minted@cachefilename}%
            \ifwindows
              \StrSubstitute{\minted@infile}{/}{\@backslashchar}[\minted@infile@windows]
              \StrSubstitute{\minted@actualinfile}{/}{\@backslashchar}[\minted@actualinfile@windows]
              \ShellEscape{move /y 
              \minted@outputdir\minted@infile@windows\space\minted@outputdir\minted@actualinfile@windows}%
            \else
              \ShellEscape{mv -f 
              \minted@outputdir\minted@infile\space\minted@outputdir\minted@actualinfile}%
            \fi
            \let\minted@infile\minted@actualinfile
            \expandafter\minted@addcachefile\expandafter{\minted@cachefilename}%
         }%
         {\ifthenelse{\boolean{minted@frozencache}}%
           {%
              \edef\minted@cachefilename{listing\arabic{minted@pygmentizecounter}.pygtex}%
              \edef\minted@infile{\minted@cachedir/\minted@cachefilename}%
              \expandafter\minted@addcachefile\expandafter{\minted@cachefilename}}%
           {\expandafter\minted@addcachefile\expandafter{\minted@hash.pygtex}}%
         }%
        \minted@inputpyg}%
      {%
        \ifthenelse{\equal{\minted@get@opt{autogobble}{false}}{true}}{%
          \minted@autogobble{#1}}{}%
        \ShellEscape{\minted@cmd}%
        \ShellEscape{\minted@cmdHTML}%
        %\ShellEscape{\minted@cmdPNG}%
        %\ShellEscape{\minted@cmdSVG}%
        \minted@inputpyg}%
  }%
}{}%
}%
\html@action@newcommand{inputminted}[3][]{%
  \message{moodle.sty: Processing \string\inputminted[#1]{#2}{#3} for HTML ^^J}%
  % arguments #2 and #3 are thrown away: the job is done previously by minted when
  % calling pygmentize. The file |\minted@infileHTML| generated with our hack will be used.
  % Since minted is based upon `fvextra' the macro |\moodle@VerbatimInput| works here.
  \minted@configlang{#2}% grab options set for this specific language
  \setkeys{minted@opt@cmd}{#1}% grab options in #1
  \minted@fvset% import options 
  \stepcounter{moodle@pygmentizecounter}
  \xa\moodle@VerbatimInput\xa{\csname minted@infileHTML\the\c@moodle@pygmentizecounter\endcsname}%
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Warning users of \texttt{babel}}
% Users of the |babel| package loaded with the 'french' option may experience problems
% related to autospacing when using |pdfLaTeX|. We shall warn them.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\AtBeginDocument{%
  \ifPDFTeX % pdflatex or latex
    \@ifpackagewith{babel}{french}{%
      \PackageWarning{moodle}{Be careful when using LaTeX, moodle, and the babel package with option 'french'. Autospacing produces in undesired symbols in the XML. You can either 1) compile with xelatex/lualatex or 2) add '\NoAutoSpacing' after '\begin{quiz}'.}%
    }{\relax}%
  \fi
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% 
%
% \Finale
\endinput
