% \iffalse meta-comment
%
%% File: l3luatex.dtx
%
% Copyright (C) 2010-2020 The LaTeX3 Project
%
% It may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
% LaTeX Project Public License (LPPL), either version 1.3c of this
% license or (at your option) any later version.  The latest version
% of this license is in the file
%
%    https://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
%
% This file is part of the "l3kernel bundle" (The Work in LPPL)
% and all files in that bundle must be distributed together.
%
% -----------------------------------------------------------------------
%
% The development version of the bundle can be found at
%
%    https://github.com/latex3/latex3
%
% for those people who are interested.
%
%<*driver>
\documentclass[full,kernel]{l3doc}
\begin{document}
  \DocInput{\jobname.dtx}
\end{document}
%</driver>
% \fi
%
% \title{^^A
%   The \pkg{l3luatex} package: \LuaTeX-specific functions^^A
% }
%
% \author{^^A
%  The \LaTeX3 Project\thanks
%    {^^A
%      E-mail:
%        \href{mailto:latex-team@latex-project.org}
%          {latex-team@latex-project.org}^^A
%    }^^A
% }
%
% \date{Released 2020-12-05}
%
% \maketitle
%
% \begin{documentation}
%
% The \LuaTeX{} engine provides access to the \Lua{} programming language,
% and with it access to the \enquote{internals} of \TeX{}. In order to use
% this within the framework provided here, a family of functions is
% available. When used with \pdfTeX{}, \pTeX{}, \upTeX{} or \XeTeX{} these raise an
% error: use \cs{sys_if_engine_luatex:T} to avoid this. Details on using
% \Lua{} with the \LuaTeX{} engine are given in the \LuaTeX{} manual.
%
% \section{Breaking out to \Lua{}}
%
% \begin{function}[EXP, added = 2018-06-18]{\lua_now:n, \lua_now:e}
%   \begin{syntax}
%     \cs{lua_now:n} \Arg{token list}
%   \end{syntax}
%   The \meta{token list} is first tokenized by \TeX{}, which includes
%   converting line ends to spaces in the usual \TeX{} manner and which
%   respects currently-applicable \TeX{} category codes. The resulting
%   \meta{\Lua{} input} is passed to the \Lua{} interpreter for processing.
%   Each \cs{lua_now:n} block is treated by \Lua{} as a separate chunk.
%   The \Lua{} interpreter executes the \meta{\Lua{} input} immediately,
%   and in an expandable manner.
%   \begin{texnote}
%     \cs{lua_now:e} is a macro wrapper around \tn{directlua}: when
%     \LuaTeX{} is in use two expansions are required to yield the
%     result of the \Lua{} code.
%   \end{texnote}
% \end{function}
%
% \begin{function}[added = 2018-06-18]{\lua_shipout_e:n, \lua_shipout:n}
%   \begin{syntax}
%     \cs{lua_shipout:n} \Arg{token list}
%   \end{syntax}
%   The \meta{token list} is first tokenized by \TeX{}, which includes
%   converting line ends to spaces in the usual \TeX{} manner and which
%   respects currently-applicable \TeX{} category codes.  The resulting
%   \meta{\Lua{} input} is passed to the \Lua{} interpreter when the
%   current page is finalised (\emph{i.e.}~at shipout).  Each
%   \cs{lua_shipout:n} block is treated by \Lua{} as a separate chunk.
%   The \Lua{} interpreter will execute the \meta{\Lua{} input} during the
%   page-building routine: no \TeX{} expansion of the \meta{\Lua{} input}
%   will occur at this stage.
%
%   In the case of the \cs{lua_shipout_e:n} version the input is fully
%   expanded by \TeX{} in an \texttt{e}-type manner during the shipout
%   operation.
%   \begin{texnote}
%     At a \TeX{} level, the \meta{\Lua{} input} is stored as a
%     \enquote{whatsit}.
%   \end{texnote}
% \end{function}
%
% \begin{function}[EXP, added = 2015-06-29]{\lua_escape:n, \lua_escape:e}
%   \begin{syntax}
%     \cs{lua_escape:n} \Arg{token list}
%   \end{syntax}
%   Converts the \meta{token list} such that it can safely be passed to
%   \Lua{}: embedded backslashes, double and single quotes, and newlines
%   and carriage returns are escaped. This is done by prepending an extra
%   token consisting of a backslash with category code~$12$, and for the line
%   endings, converting them to |\n| and |\r|, respectively.
%   \begin{texnote}
%     \cs{lua_escape:e} is a macro wrapper around \tn{luaescapestring}:
%     when \LuaTeX{} is in use two expansions are required to yield the
%     result of the \Lua{} code.
%   \end{texnote}
% \end{function}
%
% \section{Lua interfaces}
%
% As well as interfaces for \TeX{}, there are a small number of Lua functions
% provided here.
%
% \begin{function}{ltx.utils}
%   Most public interfaces provided by the module are stored within the
%   |ltx.utils| table.
% \end{function}
%
% \begin{function}[deprecated = 2021-12-31]{l3kernel}
%   For compatibility reasons, there are also some deprecated interfaces provided
%   in the |l3kernel| table. These do not return their result as Lua values but
%   instead print them to \TeX.
% \end{function}
%
% \begin{function}{l3kernel.charcat}
%   \begin{syntax}
%     |l3kernel.charcat(|\meta{charcode}, \meta{catcode}|)|
%   \end{syntax}
%   Constructs a character of \meta{charcode} and \meta{catcode} and returns
%   the result to \TeX{}.
% \end{function}
%
% \begin{function}{l3kernel.elapsedtime}
%   \begin{syntax}
%     |l3kernel.elapsedtime()|
%   \end{syntax}
%   Returns the CPU time in \meta{scaled seconds} since the start of the
%   \TeX{} run or since |l3kernel.resettimer| was issued.  This only
%   measures the time used by the CPU, not the real time, e.g., waiting
%   for user input.
% \end{function}
%
% \begin{function}{ltx.utils.filedump, l3kernel.filedump}
%   \begin{syntax}
%     \meta{dump}| = ltx.utils.filedump(|\meta{file}|,|\meta{offset}|,|\meta{length}|)| \\
%     |l3kernel.filedump(|\meta{file}|,|\meta{offset}|,|\meta{length}|)|
%   \end{syntax}
%   Returns the uppercase hexadecimal representation of the content of the
%   \meta{file} read as bytes. If the \meta{length} is given, only this part
%   of the file is returned; similarly, one may specify the \meta{offset} from
%   the start of the file. If the \meta{length} is not given, the entire file
%   is read starting at the \meta{offset}.
% \end{function}
%
% \begin{function}{ltx.utils.filemd5sum, l3kernel.filemdfivesum}
%   \begin{syntax}
%     \meta{hash}| = ltx.utils.filemd5sum(|\meta{file}|)| \\
%     |l3kernel.filemdfivesum(|\meta{file}|)|
%   \end{syntax}
%   Returns the MD5 sum of the file contents read as bytes; note that
%   the result will depend on the nature of the line endings used in the file,
%   in contrast to normal \TeX{} behaviour. If the \meta{file} is not found,
%   nothing is returned with \emph{no error raised}.
% \end{function}
%
% \begin{function}{ltx.utils.filemoddate, l3kernel.filemoddate}
%   \begin{syntax}
%     \meta{date}| = ltx.utils.filemoddate(|\meta{file}|)| \\
%     |l3kernel.filemoddate(|\meta{file}|)|
%   \end{syntax}
%   Returns the date/time of last modification of the \meta{file} in the
%   format
%   \begin{quote}
%     |D:|\meta{year}\meta{month}\meta{day}\meta{hour}\meta{minute}^^A
%     \meta{second}\meta{offset}
%   \end{quote}
%   where the latter may be |Z| (UTC) or
%   \meta{plus-minus}\meta{hours}|'|\meta{minutes}|'|. If the \meta{file} is
%   not found, nothing is returned with \emph{no error raised}.
% \end{function}
%
% \begin{function}{ltx.utils.filesize, l3kernel.filesize}
%   \begin{syntax}
%     |size = ltx.utils.filesize(|\meta{file}|)| \\
%     |l3kernel.filesize(|\meta{file}|)|
%   \end{syntax}
%   Returns the size of the \meta{file} in bytes. If the \meta{file} is not
%   found, nothing is returned with \emph{no error raised}.
% \end{function}
%
% \begin{function}{l3kernel.resettimer}
%   \begin{syntax}
%     |l3kernel.resettimer()|
%   \end{syntax}
%  Resets the timer used by |l3kernel.elapsetime|.
% \end{function}
%
% \begin{function}{l3kernel.shellescape}
%   \begin{syntax}
%     |l3kernel.shellescape(|\meta{cmd}|)|
%   \end{syntax}
%   Executes the \meta{cmd} and prints to the log as for \pdfTeX{}.
% \end{function}
%
% \begin{function}{l3kernel.strcmp}
%   \begin{syntax}
%     |l3kernel.strcmp(|\meta{str one}, \meta{str two}|)|
%   \end{syntax}
%   Compares the two strings and returns |0| to \TeX{}
%   if the two are identical.
% \end{function}
%
% \end{documentation}
%
% \begin{implementation}
%
% \section{\pkg{l3luatex} implementation}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*package>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Breaking out to \Lua{}}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*tex>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<@@=lua>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}[EXP]{\@@_escape:n, \@@_now:n, \@@_shipout:n}
%   Copies of primitives.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\cs_new_eq:NN \@@_escape:n  \tex_luaescapestring:D
\cs_new_eq:NN \@@_now:n     \tex_directlua:D
\cs_new_eq:NN \@@_shipout:n \tex_latelua:D
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% These functions are set up in \pkg{l3str} for bootstrapping: we want to
% replace them with a \enquote{proper} version at this stage, so clean up.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\cs_undefine:N \lua_escape:e
\cs_undefine:N \lua_now:e
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}[EXP]{\lua_now:n, \lua_now:e}
% \begin{macro}{\lua_shipout_e:n, \lua_shipout:n}
% \begin{macro}[EXP]{\lua_escape:n, \lua_escape:e}
%   Wrappers around the primitives. As with engines other than \LuaTeX{}
%   these have to be macros, we give them the same status in all cases.
%   When \LuaTeX{} is not in use, simply give an error message/
%    \begin{macrocode}
\cs_new:Npn \lua_now:e #1 { \@@_now:n {#1} }
\cs_new:Npn \lua_now:n #1 { \lua_now:e { \exp_not:n {#1} } }
\cs_new_protected:Npn \lua_shipout_e:n #1 { \@@_shipout:n {#1} }
\cs_new_protected:Npn \lua_shipout:n #1
  { \lua_shipout_e:n { \exp_not:n {#1} } }
\cs_new:Npn \lua_escape:e #1 { \@@_escape:n {#1} }
\cs_new:Npn \lua_escape:n #1 { \lua_escape:e { \exp_not:n {#1} } }
\sys_if_engine_luatex:F
  {
    \clist_map_inline:nn
      {
        \lua_escape:n , \lua_escape:e ,
        \lua_now:n , \lua_now:e
      }
      {
        \cs_set:Npn #1 ##1
          {
            \__kernel_msg_expandable_error:nnn
              { kernel } { luatex-required } { #1 }
          }
      }
    \clist_map_inline:nn
      { \lua_shipout_e:n , \lua_shipout:n }
      {
        \cs_set_protected:Npn #1 ##1
          {
            \__kernel_msg_error:nnn
              { kernel } { luatex-required } { #1 }
          }
      }
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{Messages}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\__kernel_msg_new:nnnn { kernel } { luatex-required }
  { LuaTeX~engine~not~in~use!~Ignoring~#1. }
  {
    The~feature~you~are~using~is~only~available~
    with~the~LuaTeX~engine.~LaTeX3~ignored~'#1'.
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%</tex>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{\Lua{} functions for internal use}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*lua>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Most of the emulation of \pdfTeX{} here is based heavily on Heiko Oberdiek's
% \pkg{pdftexcmds} package.
%
% \begin{macro}{l3kernel}
% \begin{macro}{ltx.utils}
%   Create a table for the kernel's own use.
%    \begin{macrocode}
l3kernel = l3kernel or { }
local l3kernel = l3kernel
ltx = ltx or {utils={}}
ltx.utils = ltx.utils or { }
local ltxutils = ltx.utils
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
%   Local copies of global tables.
%    \begin{macrocode}
local io       = io
local kpse     = kpse
local lfs      = lfs
local math     = math
local md5      = md5
local os       = os
local string   = string
local tex      = tex
local texio    = texio
local tonumber = tonumber
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%   Local copies of standard functions.
%    \begin{macrocode}
local abs        = math.abs
local byte       = string.byte
local floor      = math.floor
local format     = string.format
local gsub       = string.gsub
local lfs_attr   = lfs.attributes
local open       = io.open
local os_date    = os.date
local setcatcode = tex.setcatcode
local sprint     = tex.sprint
local cprint     = tex.cprint
local write      = tex.write
local write_nl   = texio.write_nl
local utf8_char  = utf8.char

local scan_int     = token.scan_int or token.scan_integer
local scan_string  = token.scan_string
local scan_keyword = token.scan_keyword
local put_next     = token.put_next

local true_tok     = token.create'prg_return_true:'
local false_tok    = token.create'prg_return_false:'
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
local function deprecated(table, name, func)
  table[name] = function(...)
    write_nl(format("Calling deprecated Lua function %s", name))
    table[name] = func
    return func(...)
  end
end
%    \end{macrocode
%
%   Deal with Con\TeX{}t: doesn't use |kpse| library.
%    \begin{macrocode}
local kpse_find = (resolvers and resolvers.findfile) or kpse.find_file
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}[int]{escapehex}
%   An internal auxiliary to convert a string to the matching hex escape.
%   This works on a byte basis: extension to handled UTF-8 input is
%   covered in \pkg{pdftexcmds} but is not currently required here.
%    \begin{macrocode}
local function escapehex(str)
  return (gsub(str, ".",
    function (ch) return format("%02X", byte(ch)) end))
end
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{l3kernel.charcat}
%   Creating arbitrary chars using |tex.cprint|.
%   The alternative approach using |token.put_next(token.create(...))|
%   would be about 10\% slower.
%    \begin{macrocode}
deprecated(l3kernel, 'charcat', function(charcode, catcode)
  cprint(catcode, utf8_char(charcode))
end)
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{l3kernel.elapsedtime, l3kernel.resettimer}
%   Simple timing set up: give the result from the system clock in scaled
%   seconds.
%    \begin{macrocode}
local os_clock   = os.clock
local base_clock_time = 0
local function elapsedtime()
  local val = (os_clock() - base_clock_time) * 65536 + 0.5
  if val > 2147483647 then
    val = 2147483647
  end
  write(format("%d",floor(val)))
end
l3kernel.elapsedtime = elapsedtime
local function resettimer()
  base_clock_time = os_clock()
end
l3kernel.resettimer = resettimer
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{ltx.utils.filedump}
% \begin{macro}{l3kernel.filedump}
%   Similar comments here to the next function: read the file in binary mode
%   to avoid any line-end weirdness.
%    \begin{macrocode}
local function filedump(name,offset,length)
  local file = kpse_find(name,"tex",true)
  if not file then return end
  local f = open(file,"rb")
  if not f then return end
  if offset and offset > 0 then
    f:seek("set", offset)
  end
  local data = f:read(length or 'a')
  f:close()
  return escapehex(data)
end
ltxutils.filedump = filedump
deprecated(l3kernel, "filedump", function(name, offset, length)
  local dump = filedump(name, tonumber(offset), tonumber(length))
  if dump then
    write(dump)
  end
end)
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{md5.HEX}
% Hash a string and return the hash in uppercase hexadecimal format.
% In some engines, this is build-in. For traditional \LuaTeX{}, the conversion
% to hexadecimal has to be done by us.
%    \begin{macrocode}
local md5_HEX = md5.HEX
if not md5_HEX then
  local md5_sum = md5.sum
  function md5_HEX(data)
    return escapehex(md5_sum(data))
  end
  md5.HEX = md5_HEX
end
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{ltx.utils.filemd5sum}
% \begin{macro}{l3kernel.filemdfivesum}
%   Read an entire file and hash it: the hash function itself is a built-in.
%   As Lua is byte-based there is no work needed here in terms of UTF-8
%   (see \pkg{pdftexcmds} and how it handles strings that have passed through
%   \LuaTeX{}). The file is read in binary mode so that no line ending
%   normalisation occurs.
%    \begin{macrocode}
local function filemd5sum(name)
  local file = kpse_find(name, "tex", true) if not file then return end
  local f = open(file, "rb") if not f then return end

  local data = f:read("*a")
  f:close()
  return md5_HEX(data)
end
ltxutils.filemd5sum = filemd5sum
deprecated(l3kernel, "filemdfivesum", function(name)
  local hash = filemd5sum(name)
  if hash then
    write(hash)
  end
end)
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{ltx.utils.filemoddate}
% \begin{macro}{l3kernel.filemoddate}
%   There are two cases: If the C standard library is C99 compliant,
%   we can use |%z| to get the timezone in almost the right format.
%   We only have to add primes and replace a zero or missing offset
%   with |Z|.
%
%   Of course this would be boring, so Windows does things differently.
%   There we have to manually calculate the offset.
%   See procedure \texttt{makepdftime} in \texttt{utils.c} of
%   \pdfTeX{}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
local filemoddate
if os_date'%z':match'^[+-]%d%d%d%d$' then
  local pattern = lpeg.Cs(16 *
      (lpeg.Cg(lpeg.S'+-' * '0000' * lpeg.Cc'Z')
    + 3 * lpeg.Cc"'" * 2 * lpeg.Cc"'"
    + lpeg.Cc'Z')
  * -1)
  function filemoddate(name)
    local file = kpse_find(name, "tex", true)
    if not file then return end
    local date = lfs_attr(file, "modification")
    if not date then return end
    return pattern:match(os_date("D:%Y%m%d%H%M%S%z", date))
  end
else
  local function filemoddate(name)
    local file = kpse_find(name, "tex", true)
    if not file then return end
    local date = lfs_attr(file, "modification")
    if not date then return end
    local d = os_date("*t", date)
    local u = os_date("!*t", date)
    local off = 60 * (d.hour - u.hour) + d.min - u.min
    if d.year ~= u.year then
      if d.year > u.year then
        off = off + 1440
      else
        off = off - 1440
      end
    elseif d.yday ~= u.yday then
      if d.yday > u.yday then
        off = off + 1440
      else
        off = off - 1440
      end
    end
    local timezone
    if off == 0 then
      timezone = "Z"
    else
      if off < 0 then
        timezone = "-"
        off = -off
      else
        timezone = "+"
      end
      timezone = format("%s%02d'%02d'", timezone, hours // 60, hours % 60)
    end
    return format("D:%04d%02d%02d%02d%02d%02d%s",
        d.year, d.month, d.day, d.hour, d.min, d.sec, timezone)
  end
end
ltxutils.filemoddate = filemoddate
deprecated(l3kernel, "filemoddate", function(name)
  local hash = filemoddate(name)
  if hash then
    write(hash)
  end
end)
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{ltx.utils.filesize}
% \begin{macro}{l3kernel.filesize}
%   A simple disk lookup.
%    \begin{macrocode}
local function filesize(name)
  local file = kpse_find(name, "tex", true)
  if file then
    local size = lfs_attr(file, "size")
    if size then
      return size
    end
  end
end
ltxutils.filesize = filesize
deprecated(l3kernel, "filesize", function(name)
  local size = filesize(name)
  if size then
    write(size)
  end
end)
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{l3kernel.strcmp}
%   String comparison which gives the same results as \pdfTeX{}'s
%   \tn{pdfstrcmp}, although the ordering should likely not be relied upon!
%    \begin{macrocode}
deprecated(l3kernel, "strcmp", function (A, B)
  if A == B then
    write("0")
  elseif A < B then
    write("-1")
  else
    write("1")
  end
end)
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{l3kernel.shellescape}
%   Replicating the \pdfTeX{} log interaction for shell escape.
%    \begin{macrocode}
local os_exec    = os.execute
deprecated(l3kernel, "shellescape", function(cmd)
  local status,msg = os_exec(cmd)
  if status == nil then
    write_nl("log","runsystem(" .. cmd .. ")...(" .. msg .. ")\n")
  elseif status == 0 then
    write_nl("log","runsystem(" .. cmd .. ")...executed\n")
  else
    write_nl("log","runsystem(" .. cmd .. ")...failed " .. (msg or "") .. "\n")
  end
end)
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}[int]{luadef}
% An internal function for defining control sequences form Lua which behave
% like primitives. This acts as a wrapper around |token.set_lua| which accepts
% a function instead of an index into the functions table.
%    \begin{macrocode}
local luacmd do
  local token_create = token.create
  local set_lua = token.set_lua
  local undefined_cs = token.command_id'undefined_cs'

  if not context and not luatexbase then require'ltluatex' end
  if luatexbase then
    local new_luafunction = luatexbase.new_luafunction
    local functions = lua.get_functions_table()
    function luacmd(name, func, ...)
      local id
      local tok = token_create(name)
      if tok.command == undefined_cs then
        id = new_luafunction(name)
        set_lua(name, id, ...)
      else
        id = tok.index or tok.mode
      end
      functions[id] = func
    end
  elseif context then
    local register = context.functions.register
    local functions = context.functions.known
    function luacmd(name, func, ...)
      local tok = token.create(name)
      if tok.command == undefined_cs then
        token.set_lua(name, register(func), ...)
      else
        functions[tok.index or tok.mode] = func
      end
    end
  end
end
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%</lua>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%</package>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%\end{implementation}
%
%\PrintIndex