%%%%%%semiconductors%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%diode, thyristor, triac, diac, optomember, opamplifier %%%%%%OTA, BOTA, %%%%%%tranzistor bjt, jfet, mosfet, ujt%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%graetz, Hall's generator, magnistor, thermistor, varistor, %%%%%%%photoresistor, \newcommand{\graetz}[1]{ \ifx#1R \put(0,0){\ddiode{U}{U}} \put(20,20){\ddiode{D}{D}} \put(0,0){\ddiode{D}{D}} \put(20,-20){\ddiode{U}{U}} \fi \ifx#1L \put(0,0){\ddiode{U}{D}} \put(20,20){\ddiode{D}{U}} \put(0,0){\ddiode{D}{U}} \put(20,-20){\ddiode{U}{D}} \fi } %diagonal diode \newcommand{\ddiode}[2]{ \ifx#1D %down right oriented \put(0,0){\line(1,-1){20}} \put(10.5,-5.5){\line(-1,-1){5}} \ifx#2D %cathode down \put(10.5,-5.5){\line(1,-3){2.5}} \put(5.5,-10.5){\line(3,-1){7}} \fi \ifx#2U %cathode up \put(10.5,-15.5){\line(-1,3){2.5}} \put(15.5,-10.5){\line(-3,1){7}} \fi \put(15.5,-10.5){\line(-1,-1){5}} \fi \ifx#1U %up right oriented \put(0,0){\line(1,1){20}} \put(10.5,5.5){\line(-1,1){5}} \ifx#2U %cathode up \put(10.5,5.5){\line(1,3){2.5}} \put(5.5,10.5){\line(3,1){7}} \fi \ifx#2D %cathode down \put(10.5,15.5){\line(-1,-3){2.5}} \put(15.5,10.5){\line(-3,-1){7}} \fi \put(15.5,10.5){\line(-1,1){5}} \fi } %horizontal diode \newcommand{\hdiode}[2]{ \ifx#1R %cathode right \put(0,0){\line(1,0){20}} \put(7,3){\line(0,-1){6}} \put(7,3){\line(2,-1){6}} \put(7,-3){\line(2,1){6}} \put(13,3){\line(0,-1){6}} \ifx#2C %varicap \multiput(9,4)(3,0){2}{\line(1,0){2}} \multiput(11,2.5)(1,0){2}{\line(0,1){3}} \else \ifx#2Z %zener diode \put(13,-3){\line(-1,0){2}} \else \ifx#2E %esaki diode \put(13,-3){\line(-1,0){2}} \put(13,3){\line(-1,0){2}} \else \ifx#2S %shottky diode \put(13,-3){\line(-1,0){1}} \put(12,-3){\line(0,1){1}} \put(13,3){\line(1,0){1}} \put(14,3){\line(0,-1){1}} \else \ifx#2D %led diode \multiput(10,3)(2,2){2}{\vector(-1,1){4}} \else \ifx#2L %laser diode \multiput(10,4)(2,2){2}{\vector(-1,1){4}} \put(9,3){\line(1,1){4}} \else \ifx#2P %photo diode \multiput(5,8)(2,2){2}{\vector(1,-1){4}} \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \ifx#1L %cathode left \put(7,3){\line(0,-1){6}} \put(13,3){\line(-2,-1){6}} \put(13,-3){\line(-2,1){6}} \put(13,3){\line(0,-1){6}} \put(0,0){\line(1,0){20}} \ifx#2C %varicap \multiput(6,4)(3,0){2}{\line(1,0){2}} \multiput(8,2.5)(1,0){2}{\line(0,1){3}} \else \ifx#2Z %zener diode \put(7,-3){\line(1,0){2}} \else \ifx#2E %esaki diode \put(7,-3){\line(1,0){2}} \put(7,3){\line(1,0){2}} \else \ifx#2S %shottky diode \put(7,-3){\line(-1,0){1}} \put(6,-3){\line(0,1){1}} \put(7,3){\line(1,0){1}} \put(8,3){\line(0,-1){1}} \else \ifx#2D %led diode \multiput(10,3)(-2,2){2}{\vector(1,1){4}} \else \ifx#2L %laser diode \multiput(10,4)(-2,2){2}{\vector(1,1){4}} \put(11,3){\line(-1,1){4}} \else \ifx#2P %photo diode \multiput(13,10)(2,-2){2}{\vector(-1,-1){4}} \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi } %vertical diode \newcommand{\vdiode}[2]{ \ifx#1U %cathode up \put(0,0){\line(0,1){20}} \put(3,7){\line(-1,0){6}} \put(3,7){\line(-1,2){3}} \put(-3,7){\line(1,2){3}} \put(3,13){\line(-1,0){6}} \ifx#2C %varicap \multiput(6,8)(0,3){2}{\line(0,1){2}} \multiput(4.5,10)(0,1){2}{\line(1,0){3}} \else \ifx#2Z %zener diode \put(3,13){\line(0,-1){2}} \else \ifx#2E %esaki diode \put(-3,13){\line(0,-1){2}} \put(3,13){\line(0,-1){2}} \else \ifx#2S %shottky diode \put(-3,13){\line(0,1){1}} \put(-3,14){\line(1,0){1}} \put(3,13){\line(0,-1){1}} \put(3,12){\line(-1,0){1}} \else \ifx#2D %led diode \multiput(3,10)(2,2){2}{\vector(1,-1){4}} \else \ifx#2L %laser diode \multiput(4,10)(2,2){2}{\vector(1,-1){4}} \put(3,9){\line(1,1){4}} \else \ifx#2P %photo diode \multiput(10,7)(-2,-2){2}{\vector(-1,1){4}} \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \ifx#1D %cathode down \put(0,0){\line(0,1){20}} \put(3,7){\line(-1,0){6}} \put(3,13){\line(-1,-2){3}} \put(-3,13){\line(1,-2){3}} \put(3,13){\line(-1,0){6}} \ifx#2C %varicap \multiput(6,8)(0,3){2}{\line(0,1){2}} \multiput(4.5,10)(0,1){2}{\line(1,0){3}} \else \ifx#2Z %zener diode \put(3,7){\line(0,1){2}} \else \ifx#2E %esaki diode \put(-3,7){\line(0,1){2}} \put(3,7){\line(0,1){2}} \else \ifx#2S %shottky diode \put(-3,7){\line(0,1){1}} \put(-3,8){\line(1,0){1}} \put(3,7){\line(0,-1){1}} \put(3,6){\line(-1,0){1}} \else \ifx#2D %led diode \multiput(3,10)(2,-2){2}{\vector(1,1){4}} \else \ifx#2L %laser diode \multiput(4,10)(2,-2){2}{\vector(1,1){4}} \put(3,11){\line(1,-1){4}} \else \ifx#2P %photo diode \multiput(7,14)(2,-2){2}{\vector(-1,-1){4}} \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi } %vertical triac \newcommand{\vtriac}[1]{ \put(0,0){\line(0,1){7}} \put(6,7){\line(-1,0){6}} \put(6,7){\line(-1,2){3}} \put(0,7){\line(1,2){3}} \put(6,13){\line(-1,0){6}} \put(0,13){\line(0,1){7}} \put(0,7){\line(-1,0){6}} \put(0,13){\line(-1,-2){3}} \put(-6,13){\line(1,-2){3}} \put(-6,13){\line(1,0){7}} \ifx#1A %gate down left \put(0,7){\line(-1,-1){5}} \put(-5,2){\line(-1,0){5}} \fi \ifx#1B %gate up left \put(0,13){\line(-1,1){4}} \put(-4,17){\line(-1,0){6}} \fi \ifx#1C %gate down right \put(0,7){\line(1,-1){5}} \put(5,2){\line(1,0){5}} \fi \ifx#1D %gate up right \put(0,13){\line(1,1){4}} \put(4,17){\line(1,0){6}} \fi } %horizontal triac \newcommand{\htriac}[1]{ \put(0,0){\line(1,0){7}} \put(7,0){\line(0,-1){6}} \put(7,0){\line(2,-1){6}} \put(7,-6){\line(2,1){6}} \put(13,0){\line(0,-1){6}} \put(13,0){\line(1,0){7}} \put(7,0){\line(0,1){6}} \put(13,6){\line(-2,-1){6}} \put(13,0){\line(-2,1){6}} \put(13,0){\line(0,1){6}} \ifx#1A %gate down left \put(7,0){\line(-1,-1){5}} \put(2,-5){\line(0,-1){5}} \fi \ifx#1C %gate down right \put(13,0){\line(1,-1){4}} \put(17,-4){\line(0,-1){6}} \fi \ifx#1D %gate up right \put(13,0){\line(1,1){4}} \put(17,4){\line(0,1){6}} \fi \ifx#1B %gate up left \put(7,0){\line(-1,1){4}} \put(3,4){\line(0,1){6}} \fi } %diagonal thyristor \newcommand{\dthyristor}[3]{ \ifx#1D %down oriented \put(0,0){\line(1,-1){8}} \put(10.5,-5.5){\line(-1,-1){5}} \ifx#2D %cathode down \put(10.5,-5.5){\line(1,-3){2.5}} \put(5.5,-10.5){\line(3,-1){7}} \fi \ifx#2U %cathode up \put(10.5,-15.5){\line(-1,3){2.5}} \put(15.5,-10.5){\line(-3,1){7}} \fi \put(15.5,-10.5){\line(-1,-1){5}} \put(13,-13){\line(1,-1){7}} \ifx#3A %gate down left \put(13,-13){\line(0,-1){4}} \put(13,-17){\line(-1,-1){4}} \fi \ifx#3B %gate up left \put(8,-8){\line(-1,0){6}} \put(2,-8){\line(-1,-1){4}} \fi \ifx#3C %gate down right \put(13,-13){\line(1,0){4}} \put(17,-13){\line(1,1){4}} \fi \ifx#3D %gate up right \put(8,-8){\line(0,1){6}} \put(8,-2){\line(1,1){4}} \fi \fi \ifx#1U %up oriented \put(0,0){\line(1,1){8}} \put(10.5,5.5){\line(-1,1){5}} \ifx#2U %cathode up \put(10.5,5.5){\line(1,3){2.5}} \put(5.5,10.5){\line(3,1){7}} \fi \ifx#2D %cathode down \put(10.5,15.5){\line(-1,-3){2.5}} \put(15.5,10.5){\line(-3,-1){7}} \fi \put(15.5,10.5){\line(-1,1){5}} \put(13,13){\line(1,1){7}} \ifx#3A %gate down left \put(8,8){\line(-1,0){6}} \put(2,8){\line(-1,1){4}} \fi \ifx#3B %gate up left \put(13,13){\line(0,1){4}} \put(13,17){\line(-1,1){4}} \fi \ifx#3C %gate down right \put(8,8){\line(0,-1){6}} \put(8,2){\line(1,-1){4}} \fi \ifx#3D %gate up right \put(13,13){\line(1,0){4}} \put(17,13){\line(1,-1){4}} \fi \fi } %vertical thyristor \newcommand{\vthyristor}[2]{ \ifx#2A %gate down left \put(0,7){\line(-1,-1){5}} \put(-5,2){\line(-1,0){5}} \fi \ifx#2B %gate up left \put(0,13){\line(-1,1){4}} \put(-4,17){\line(-1,0){6}} \fi \ifx#2C %gate down right \put(0,7){\line(1,-1){5}} \put(5,2){\line(1,0){5}} \fi \ifx#2D %gate up right \put(0,13){\line(1,1){4}} \put(4,17){\line(1,0){6}} \fi \ifx#1U %cathode up \put(3,7){\line(-1,0){6}} \put(3,7){\line(-1,2){3}} \put(-3,7){\line(1,2){3}} \put(3,13){\line(-1,0){6}} \fi \ifx#1D %cathode down \put(-3,7){\line(1,0){6}} \put(3,13){\line(-1,-2){3}} \put(-3,13){\line(1,-2){3}} \put(-3,13){\line(1,0){6}} \fi \put(0,0){\line(0,1){20}} } %horizontal thyristor \newcommand{\hthyristor}[2]{ \ifx#2A %gate down left \put(7,0){\line(-1,-1){5}} \put(2,-5){\line(0,-1){5}} \fi \ifx#2C %gate down right \put(13,0){\line(1,-1){4}} \put(17,-4){\line(0,-1){6}} \fi \ifx#2B %gate up left \put(7,0){\line(-1,1){5}} \put(2,5){\line(0,1){5}} \fi \ifx#2D %gate up right \put(13,0){\line(1,1){4}} \put(17,4){\line(0,1){6}} \fi \ifx#1R %cathode right \put(7,3){\line(0,-1){6}} \put(7,3){\line(2,-1){6}} \put(7,-3){\line(2,1){6}} \put(13,3){\line(0,-1){6}} \fi \ifx#1L %cathode left \put(7,-3){\line(0,1){6}} \put(13,3){\line(-2,-1){6}} \put(13,-3){\line(-2,1){6}} \put(13,-3){\line(0,1){6}} \fi \put(0,0){\line(1,0){20}} } %horizontal diac \newcommand{\hdiac}{ \put(0,0){\line(1,0){7}} \put(7,0){\line(0,-1){6}} \put(7,0){\line(2,-1){6}} \put(7,-6){\line(2,1){6}} \put(13,0){\line(0,-1){6}} \put(13,0){\line(1,0){7}} \put(7,0){\line(0,1){6}} \put(13,6){\line(-2,-1){6}} \put(13,0){\line(-2,1){6}} \put(13,0){\line(0,1){6}} } %vertical diac \newcommand{\vdiac}{ \put(0,0){\line(0,1){7}} \put(6,7){\line(-1,0){6}} \put(6,7){\line(-1,2){3}} \put(0,7){\line(1,2){3}} \put(6,13){\line(-1,0){6}} \put(0,13){\line(0,1){7}} \put(0,7){\line(-1,0){6}} \put(0,13){\line(-1,-2){3}} \put(-6,13){\line(1,-2){3}} \put(-6,13){\line(1,0){6}} } %optocoupler \newcommand{\opto}[1]{ \ifx#1R \put(0,0){\line(0,1){20}} \put(-2,8){\line(1,0){4}} \put(0,8){\line(-1,2){2}} \put(0,8){\line(1,2){2}} \put(-2,12){\line(1,0){4}} \multiput(3,9)(0,2){2}{\vector(1,0){4}} \put(11,8){\line(0,1){4}} \put(15,0){\line(0,1){7.5}} \put(15,12.5){\line(0,1){7.5}} \put(11,10.5){\line(2,1){4}} \put(11,9.5){\vector(2,-1){4}} \multiput(-5,5)(25,0){2}{\line(0,1){10}} \multiput(-5,5)(0,10){2}{\line(1,0){25}} \fi \ifx#1L \put(0,0){\line(0,1){20}} \put(2,8){\line(-1,0){4}} \put(0,8){\line(1,2){2}} \put(0,8){\line(-1,2){2}} \put(2,12){\line(-1,0){4}} \put(0,12){\line(0,1){8}} \multiput(-3,9)(0,2){2}{\vector(-1,0){4}} \put(-11,8){\line(0,1){4}} \put(-15,0){\line(0,1){7.5}} \put(-15,12.5){\line(0,1){7.5}} \put(-11,10.5){\line(-2,1){4}} \put(-11,9.5){\vector(-2,-1){4}} \multiput(5,5)(-25,0){2}{\line(0,1){10}} \multiput(5,5)(0,10){2}{\line(-1,0){25}} \fi } %operational amplifier \newcommand{\opamp}[2]{ \ifx#1R %right oriented \multiput(0,0)(0,10){2}{\line(1,0){5}} \put(25,5){\line(1,0){5}} \put(5,-5){\line(0,1){20}} \put(5,-5){\line(2,1){20}} \put(5,15){\line(2,-1){20}} \ifx#2D %-input down \put(7,0){\line(1,0){3}} \put(7,7){\makebox(5,5)[l]{+}} \fi \ifx#2U %-input up \put(7,10){\line(1,0){3}} \put(7,-2){\makebox(5,5)[l]{+}} \fi \fi \ifx#1L %left oriented \multiput(0,0)(0,10){2}{\line(-1,0){5}} \put(-25,5){\line(-1,0){5}} \put(-5,-5){\line(0,1){20}} \put(-5,-5){\line(-2,1){20}} \put(-5,15){\line(-2,-1){20}} \ifx#2D %-input down \put(-7,0){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(-12,7){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \ifx#2U %-input up \put(-7,10){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(-12,-2){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \fi \ifx#1U %up oriented \multiput(0,0)(10,0){2}{\line(0,1){5}} \put(5,25){\line(0,1){5}} \put(-5,5){\line(1,0){20}} \put(-5,5){\line(1,2){10}} \put(15,5){\line(-1,2){10}} \ifx#2L %-input left \put(2,8){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(6,6){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \ifx#2R %-input right \put(11,8){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(-3,6){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \fi \ifx#1D %down oriented \multiput(0,0)(10,0){2}{\line(0,-1){5}} \put(5,-25){\line(0,-1){5}} \put(-5,-5){\line(1,0){20}} \put(-5,-5){\line(1,-2){10}} \put(15,-5){\line(-1,-2){10}} \ifx#2L %-input left \put(2,-8){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(6,-11){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \ifx#2R %-input right \put(11,-8){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(-3,-11){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \fi } %operational transconductance amplifier \newcommand{\ota}[3]{ \ifx#1R %right oriented \multiput(0,0)(0,10){2}{\line(1,0){5}} \put(15,5){\line(1,0){5}} \put(5,-5){\line(0,1){20}} \put(15,0){\line(0,1){10}} \put(5,-5){\line(2,1){10}} \put(5,15){\line(2,-1){10}} \ifx#3Y %with linearization diodes \put(3.5,6.5){$\bigtriangleup$ } \put(3.5,2){$\bigtriangledown$ } \multiput(3.5,1.5)(0,7.25){2}{\line(1,0){3}} \put(0,5){\line(1,0){5}} \fi \ifx#2D %-input down \put(7,0){\line(1,0){3}} \put(7,7){\makebox(5,5)[l]{+}} \fi \ifx#2U %-input up \put(7,10){\line(1,0){3}} \put(7,-2){\makebox(5,5)[l]{+}} \fi \fi \ifx#1L %left oriented \multiput(0,0)(0,10){2}{\line(-1,0){5}} \put(-15,5){\line(-1,0){5}} \put(-5,-5){\line(0,1){20}} \put(-15,0){\line(0,1){10}} \put(-5,-5){\line(-2,1){10}} \put(-5,15){\line(-2,-1){10}} \ifx#3Y %with linearization diodes \put(-6.5,6.5){$\bigtriangleup$ } \put(-6.5,2){$\bigtriangledown$ } \multiput(-6.5,1.5)(0,7.25){2}{\line(1,0){3}} \put(0,5){\line(-1,0){5}} \fi \ifx#2D %-input down \put(-7,0){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(-12,7){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \ifx#2U %-input up \put(-7,10){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(-12,-2){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \fi \ifx#1U %up oriented \multiput(0,0)(10,0){2}{\line(0,1){5}} \put(5,15){\line(0,1){5}} \put(0,15){\line(1,0){10}} \put(-5,5){\line(1,0){20}} \put(-5,5){\line(1,2){5}} \put(15,5){\line(-1,2){5}} \ifx#3Y %with linearization diodes \put(7.2,4.2){$\triangleright$ } \put(1.4,4.2){$\triangleleft$ } \multiput(1.5,3.5)(7.25,0){2}{\line(0,1){3}} \put(5,0){\line(0,1){5}} \fi \ifx#2L %-input left \put(2,8){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(6,6){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \ifx#2R %-input right \put(11,8){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(-3,6){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \fi \ifx#1D %down oriented \multiput(0,0)(10,0){2}{\line(0,-1){5}} \put(5,-15){\line(0,-1){5}} \put(0,-15){\line(1,0){10}} \put(-5,-5){\line(1,0){20}} \put(-5,-5){\line(1,-2){5}} \put(15,-5){\line(-1,-2){5}} \ifx#3Y %with linearization diodes \put(7.2,-5.8){$\triangleright$ } \put(1.4,-5.8){$\triangleleft$ } \multiput(1.5,-3.5)(7.25,0){2}{\line(0,-1){3}} \put(5,0){\line(0,-1){5}} \fi \ifx#2L %-input left \put(2,-8){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(6,-11){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \ifx#2R %-input right \put(11,-8){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(-3,-11){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \fi } % balanced operational transconductance amplifier \newcommand{\bota}[3]{ \ifx#1R %right oriented \multiput(0,0)(0,10){2}{\line(1,0){5}} \multiput(15,2.5)(0,5){2}{\line(1,0){5}} \put(5,-5){\line(0,1){20}} \put(15,0){\line(0,1){10}} \put(5,-5){\line(2,1){10}} \put(5,15){\line(2,-1){10}} \ifx#3Y %with linearization diodes \put(3.5,6.5){$\bigtriangleup$ } \put(3.5,2){$\bigtriangledown$ } \multiput(3.5,1.5)(0,7.25){2}{\line(1,0){3}} \put(0,5){\line(1,0){5}} \fi \ifx#2D %-input down \put(7,0){\line(1,0){3}} \put(7,7){\makebox(5,5)[l]{+}} \fi \ifx#2U %-input up \put(7,10){\line(1,0){3}} \put(7,-2){\makebox(5,5)[l]{+}} \fi \fi \ifx#1L %left oriented \multiput(0,0)(0,10){2}{\line(-1,0){5}} \multiput(-15,2.5)(0,5){2}{\line(-1,0){5}} \put(-5,-5){\line(0,1){20}} \put(-15,0){\line(0,1){10}} \put(-5,-5){\line(-2,1){10}} \put(-5,15){\line(-2,-1){10}} \ifx#3Y %with linearization diodes \put(-6.5,6.5){$\bigtriangleup$ } \put(-6.5,2){$\bigtriangledown$ } \multiput(-6.5,1.5)(0,7.25){2}{\line(1,0){3}} \put(0,5){\line(-1,0){5}} \fi \ifx#2D %-input down \put(-7,0){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(-12,7){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \ifx#2U %-input up \put(-7,10){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(-12,-2){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \fi \ifx#1U %up oriented \multiput(0,0)(10,0){2}{\line(0,1){5}} \multiput(2.5,15)(5,0){2}{\line(0,1){5}} \put(0,15){\line(1,0){10}} \put(-5,5){\line(1,0){20}} \put(-5,5){\line(1,2){5}} \put(15,5){\line(-1,2){5}} \ifx#3Y %with linearization diodes \put(7.2,4.2){$\triangleright$ } \put(1.4,4.2){$\triangleleft$ } \multiput(1.5,3.5)(7.25,0){2}{\line(0,1){3}} \put(5,0){\line(0,1){5}} \fi \ifx#2L %-input left \put(2,8){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(6,6){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \ifx#2R %-input right \put(11,8){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(-3,6){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \fi \ifx#1D %down oriented \multiput(0,0)(10,0){2}{\line(0,-1){5}} \multiput(2.5,-15)(5,0){2}{\line(0,-1){5}} \put(0,-15){\line(1,0){10}} \put(-5,-5){\line(1,0){20}} \put(-5,-5){\line(1,-2){5}} \put(15,-5){\line(-1,-2){5}} \ifx#3Y %with linearization diodes \put(7.2,-5.8){$\triangleright$ } \put(1.4,-5.8){$\triangleleft$ } \multiput(1.5,-3.5)(7.25,0){2}{\line(0,-1){3}} \put(5,0){\line(0,-1){5}} \fi \ifx#2L %-input left \put(2,-8){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(6,-11){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \ifx#2R %-input right \put(11,-8){\line(-1,0){3}} \put(-3,-11){\makebox(5,5)[r]{+}} \fi \fi } %%%%%%tranzistors bjt, jfet, mosfet,%%%%%%%%%%%% %bipolar transistor \newcommand{\bjt}[4]{ \ifx#2R %right oriented \put(0,0){\line(1,0){10}} \put(10,3){\line(0,-1){6}} \put(10,1){\line(1,1){9}} \put(10,-1){\line(1,-1){9}} \ifx#4N \else \put(11,0){\circle{10}} \fi \ifx#3D %emitor down \ifx#1N %npn type \put(10,-1){\vector(1,-1){3}} \else \ifx#1P %pnp type \put(13,-4){\vector(-1,1){3}} \fi \fi \else \ifx#3U %emitor up \ifx#1N %npn type \put(10,1){\vector(1,1){3}} \else \ifx#1P %pnp type \put(13,4){\vector(-1,-1){3}} \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \ifx#2L %left oriented \put(0,0){\line(-1,0){10}} \put(-10,1){\line(-1,1){9}} \put(-10,-1){\line(-1,-1){9}} \put(-10,3){\line(0,-1){6}} \ifx#4N \else \put(-11,0){\circle{10}} \fi \ifx#3D %emitor down \ifx#1N %npn type \put(-10,-1){\vector(-1,-1){3}} \else \ifx#1P %pnp type \put(-13,-4){\vector(1,1){3}} \fi \fi \else \ifx#3U %emitor up \ifx#1N %npn type \put(-10,1){\vector(-1,1){3}} \else \ifx#1P %pnp type \put(-13,4){\vector(1,-1){3}} \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \ifx#2U %up oriented \put(0,0){\line(0,1){10}} \put(-3,10){\line(1,0){6}} \put(1,10){\line(1,1){9}} \put(-1,10){\line(-1,1){9}} \ifx#4N \else \put(0,11){\circle{10}} \fi \ifx#3R %emitor right \ifx#1N %npn type \put(1,10){\vector(1,1){3}} \else \ifx#1P %pnp type \put(4,13){\vector(-1,-1){3}} \fi \fi \else \ifx#3L %emitor left \ifx#1N %npn type \put(-1,10){\vector(-1,1){3}} \else \ifx#1P %pnp type \put(-4,13){\vector(1,-1){3}} \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \ifx#2D %down oriented \put(0,0){\line(0,-1){10}} \put(-3,-10){\line(1,0){6}} \put(1,-10){\line(1,-1){9}} \put(-1,-10){\line(-1,-1){9}} \ifx#4N \else \put(0,-11){\circle{10}} \fi \ifx#3R %emitor right \ifx#1N %npn type \put(1,-10){\vector(1,-1){3}} \else \ifx#1P %pnp type \put(4,-13){\vector(-1,1){3}} \fi \fi \else \ifx#3L %emitor left \ifx#1N %npn type \put(-1,-10){\vector(-1,-1){3}} \else \ifx#1P %pnp type \put(-4,-13){\vector(1,1){3}} \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi } %jfet transistor \newcommand{\jfet}[4]{ \ifx#2R %right oriented \ifx#3D %source down \ifx#1N %n channel \put(12,0){\vector(1,0){0}} \fi \ifx#1P %p channel \put(8,0){\vector(-1,0){0}} \fi \ifx#4N \else \put(12,2.5){\circle{10}} \fi \put(12,5){\line(1,0){8}} \put(0,0){\line(1,0){20}} \put(12,6){\line(0,-1){7}} \fi \ifx#3U %source up \ifx#1N %n channel \put(12,0){\vector(1,0){0}} \fi \ifx#1P %p channel \put(8,0){\vector(-1,0){0}} \fi \ifx#4N \else \put(12,-2.5){\circle{10}} \fi \put(12,-5){\line(1,0){8}} \put(0,0){\line(1,0){20}} \put(12,-6){\line(0,1){7}} \fi \fi \ifx#2L %left oriented \ifx#3U %source up \ifx#1N %n channel \put(-12,0){\vector(-1,0){0}} \fi \ifx#1P %p channel \put(-8,0){\vector(1,0){0}} \fi \ifx#4N \else \put(-12,-2.5){\circle{10}} \fi \put(-12,-5){\line(-1,0){8}} \put(0,0){\line(-1,0){20}} \put(-12,1){\line(0,-1){7}} \fi \ifx#3D %source down \ifx#1N %n channel \put(-12,0){\vector(-1,0){0}} \fi \ifx#1P %p channel \put(-8,0){\vector(1,0){0}} \fi \ifx#4N \else \put(-12,2.5){\circle{10}} \fi \put(-12,5){\line(-1,0){8}} \put(0,0){\line(-1,0){20}} \put(-12,6){\line(0,-1){7}} \fi \fi \ifx#2U %up oriented \ifx#3L %source left \ifx#1N %n channel \put(0,12){\vector(0,1){0}} \fi \ifx#1P %p channel \put(0,8){\vector(0,-1){0}} \fi \ifx#4N \else \put(2.5,12){\circle{10}} \fi \put(5,12){\line(0,1){8}} \put(0,0){\line(0,1){20}} \put(6,12){\line(-1,0){7}} \fi \ifx#3R %source right \ifx#1N %n channel \put(0,12){\vector(0,1){0}} \fi \ifx#1P %p channel \put(0,8){\vector(0,-1){0}} \fi \ifx#4N \else \put(-2.5,12){\circle{10}} \fi \put(-5,12){\line(0,1){8}} \put(0,0){\line(0,1){20}} \put(1,12){\line(-1,0){7}} \fi \fi \ifx#2D %down oriented \ifx#3R %source right \ifx#1N %n channel \put(0,-12){\vector(0,-1){0}} \fi \ifx#1P %p channel \put(0,-8){\vector(0,1){0}} \fi \ifx#4N \else \put(-2.5,-12){\circle{10}} \fi \put(-5,-12){\line(0,-1){8}} \put(0,0){\line(0,-1){20}} \put(1,-12){\line(-1,0){7}} \fi \ifx#3L %source left \ifx#1N %n channel \put(0,0){\vector(0,-1){11}} \fi \ifx#1P %p channel \put(0,-11.5){\vector(0,1){4}} \fi \ifx#4N \else \put(2.5,-12){\circle{10}} \fi \put(5,-12){\line(0,-1){8}} \put(0,0){\line(0,-1){20}} \put(6,-12){\line(-1,0){7}} \fi \fi } %mos transistor \newcommand{\mos}[6]{ \ifx#2R %right oriented \ifx#3D %source down \ifnum#5=1 % one gate \put(0,0){\line(1,0){10}} \put(10,5){\line(0,-1){5}} \fi \ifnum#5=2 % two gates \multiput(0,0)(0,3.5){2}{\line(1,0){10}} \multiput(10,1.5)(0,3.5){2}{\line(0,-1){1.5}} \fi \ifx#6N \else \put(12,2.5){\circle{10}} \fi \put(11,5){\line(1,0){9}} \put(11,0){\line(1,0){9}} \ifx#4E %enhancement mode \multiput(11,0.75)(0,2.5){3}{\put(0,0){\line(0,-1){1.5}}} \else \ifx#4D %depletion mode \put(11,6){\line(0,-1){7}} \fi \fi \ifx#1P %p type \put(11,2.5){\vector(1,0){4}} \else \ifx#1N %n type \put(15,2.5){\vector(-1,0){4}} \fi \fi \else \ifx#3U %source up \ifnum#5=1 % one gate \put(0,0){\line(1,0){10}} \put(10,0){\line(0,-1){5}} \fi \ifnum#5=2 % two gates \multiput(0,0)(0,-3.5){2}{\line(1,0){10}} \multiput(10,0)(0,-3.5){2}{\line(0,-1){1.5}} \fi \ifx#6N \else \put(12,-2.5){\circle{10}} \fi \put(11,-5){\line(1,0){9}} \put(11,0){\line(1,0){9}} \ifx#4E %enhancement mode \multiput(11,0.75)(0,-2.5){3}{\put(0,0){\line(0,-1){1.5}}} \else \ifx#4D %depletion mode \put(11,-6){\line(0,1){7}} \fi \fi \ifx#1P %p type \put(11,-2.5){\vector(1,0){4}} \else \ifx#1N %n type \put(15,-2.5){\vector(-1,0){4}} \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \ifx#2L %left oriented \ifx#3D %source down \ifnum#5=1 % one gate \put(0,0){\line(-1,0){10}} \put(-10,5){\line(0,-1){5}} \fi \ifnum#5=2 % two gates \multiput(0,0)(0,3.5){2}{\line(-1,0){10}} \multiput(-10,5)(0,-3.5){2}{\line(0,-1){1.5}} \fi \ifx#6N \else \put(-12,2.5){\circle{10}} \fi \put(-11,5){\line(-1,0){9}} \put(-11,0){\line(-1,0){9}} \ifx#4E %enhancement mode \multiput(-11,0.75)(0,2.5){3}{\put(0,0){\line(0,-1){1.5}}} \else \ifx#4D %depletion mode \put(-11,6){\line(0,-1){7}} \fi \fi \ifx#1P %p type \put(-11,2.5){\vector(-1,0){4}} \else \ifx#1N %n type \put(-15,2.5){\vector(1,0){4}} \fi \fi \else \ifx#3U %source up \ifnum#5=1 \put(0,0){\line(-1,0){10}} \put(-10,0){\line(0,-1){5}} \fi \ifnum#5=2 % two gates \multiput(0,0)(0,-3.5){2}{\line(-1,0){10}} \multiput(-10,0)(0,-3.5){2}{\line(0,-1){1.5}} \fi \ifx#6N \else \put(-12,-2.5){\circle{10}} \fi \put(-11,-5){\line(-1,0){9}} \put(-11,0){\line(-1,0){9}} \ifx#4E %enhancement mode \multiput(-11,0.75)(0,-2.5){3}{\put(0,0){\line(0,-1){1.5}}} \else \ifx#4D %depletion mode \put(-11,-6){\line(0,1){7}} \fi \fi \ifx#1P %p type \put(-11,-2.5){\vector(-1,0){4}} \else \ifx#1N %n type \put(-15,-2.5){\vector(1,0){4}} \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \ifx#2U %up oriented \ifx#3L %source left \ifnum#5=1 % one gate \put(0,0){\line(0,1){10}} \put(5,10){\line(-1,0){5}} \fi \ifnum#5=2 % two gates \multiput(0,0)(3.5,0){2}{\line(0,1){10}} \multiput(5,10)(-3.5,0){2}{\line(-1,0){1.5}} \fi \ifx#6N \else \put(2.5,12){\circle{10}} \fi \put(5,11){\line(0,1){9}} \put(0,11){\line(0,1){9}} \ifx#4E %enhancement mode \multiput(0.75,11)(2.5,0){3}{\put(0,0){\line(-1,0){1.5}}} \else \ifx#4D %depletion mode \put(6,11){\line(-1,0){7}} \fi \fi \ifx#1P %p type \put(2.5,11){\vector(0,1){4}} \else \ifx#1N %n type \put(2.5,15){\vector(0,-1){4}} \fi \fi \else \ifx#3R %source right \ifnum#5=1 % one gate \put(0,0){\line(0,1){10}} \put(0,10){\line(-1,0){5}} \fi \ifnum#5=2 % two gates \multiput(0,0)(-3.5,0){2}{\line(0,1){10}} \multiput(0,10)(-3.5,0){2}{\line(-1,0){1.5}} \fi \ifx#6N \else \put(-2.5,12){\circle{10}} \fi \put(-5,11){\line(0,1){9}} \put(0,11){\line(0,1){9}} \ifx#4E %enhancement mode \multiput(0.75,11)(-2.5,0){3}{\put(0,0){\line(-1,0){1.5}}} \else \ifx#4D %depletion mode \put(-6,11){\line(1,0){7}} \fi \fi \ifx#1P %p type \put(-2.5,11){\vector(0,1){4}} \else \ifx#1N %n type \put(-2.5,15){\vector(0,-1){4}} \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \ifx#2D %down oriented \ifx#3L %source left \ifnum#5=1 % one gate \put(0,0){\line(0,-1){10}} \put(5,-10){\line(-1,0){5}} \fi \ifnum#5=2 % two gates \multiput(0,0)(3.5,0){2}{\line(0,-1){10}} \multiput(5,-10)(-3.5,0){2}{\line(-1,0){1.5}} \fi \ifx#6N \else \put(2.5,-12){\circle{10}} \fi \put(5,-11){\line(0,-1){9}} \put(0,-11){\line(0,-1){9}} \ifx#4E %enhancement mode \multiput(0.75,-11)(2.5,0){3}{\put(0,0){\line(-1,0){1.5}}} \else \ifx#4D %depletion mode \put(6,-11){\line(-1,0){7}} \fi \fi \ifx#1P %p type \put(2.5,-11){\vector(0,-1){4}} \else \ifx#1N %n type \put(2.5,-15){\vector(0,1){4}} \fi \fi \else \ifx#3R %source right \ifnum#5=1 % one gate \put(0,0){\line(0,-1){10}} \put(0,-10){\line(-1,0){5}} \fi \ifnum#5=2 % two gates \multiput(0,0)(-3.5,0){2}{\line(0,-1){10}} \multiput(0,-10)(-3.5,0){2}{\line(-1,0){1.5}} \fi \ifx#6N \else \put(-2.5,-12){\circle{10}} \fi \put(-5,-11){\line(0,-1){9}} \put(0,-11){\line(0,-1){9}} \ifx#4E %enhancement mode \multiput(0.75,-11)(-2.5,0){3}{\put(0,0){\line(-1,0){1.5}}} \else \ifx#4D %depletion mode \put(1,-11){\line(-1,0){7}} \fi \fi \ifx#1P %p type \put(-2.5,-11){\vector(0,-1){4}} \else \ifx#1N %n type \put(-2.5,-15){\vector(0,1){4}} \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi } %ujt transistor \newcommand{\ujt}[4]{ \ifx#2R %right oriented \ifx#3U %B1 up \ifx#1P %p type emiter \put(9,2.5){\vector(4,1){0}} \fi \ifx#1N %n type emiter \put(5.5,1.25){\vector(-4,-1){0}} \fi \ifx#4N \else \put(9,2.5){\circle{10}} \fi \multiput(9,5)(0,-5){2}{\line(1,0){8}} \put(0,0){\line(4,1){9}} \put(9,6){\line(0,-1){7}} \fi \ifx#3D %B1 down \ifx#1P %p type emiter \put(9.4,-2.4){\vector(4,-1){0}} \fi \ifx#1N %n type emitor \put(5.5,-1.3){\vector(-4,1){0}} \fi \ifx#4N \else \put(9,-2.5){\circle{10}} \fi \multiput(9,-5)(0,5){2}{\line(1,0){8}} \put(0,0){\line(4,-1){9}} \put(9,-6){\line(0,1){7}} \fi \fi \ifx#2L %left oriented \ifx#3D %B1 down \ifx#1P %p type emiter \put(-9.4,-2.4){\vector(-4,-1){0}} \fi \ifx#1N %n type emiter \put(-5.5,-1.3){\vector(4,1){0}} \fi \ifx#4N \else \put(-9,-2.5){\circle{10}} \fi \multiput(-9,-5)(0,5){2}{\line(-1,0){8}} \put(0,0){\line(-4,-1){9}} \put(-9,-6){\line(0,1){7}} \fi \ifx#3U %B1 up \ifx#1P %p type emiter \put(-9.4,2.4){\vector(-4,1){0}} \fi \ifx#1N %n type emiter \put(-5.5,1.3){\vector(4,-1){0}} \fi \ifx#4N \else \put(-9,2.5){\circle{10}} \fi \multiput(-9,5)(0,-5){2}{\line(-1,0){8}} \put(0,0){\line(-4,1){9}} \put(-9,6){\line(0,-1){7}} \fi \fi \ifx#2U %up oriented \ifx#3R %B1 right \ifx#1P %p type emiter \put(2.5,9.4){\vector(1,4){0}} \fi \ifx#1N %n type emiter \put(1.3,5.5){\vector(-1,-4){0}} \fi \ifx#4N \else \put(2.5,9){\circle{10}} \fi \multiput(0,9)(5,0){2}{\line(0,1){8}} \put(0,0){\line(1,4){2.2}} \put(6,9){\line(-1,0){7}} \fi \ifx#3L %B1 left \ifx#1P %p type emiter \put(-2.5,9.4){\vector(-1,4){0}} \fi \ifx#1N %n type emiter \put(-1.3,5.5){\vector(1,-4){0}} \fi \ifx#4N \else \put(-2.5,9){\circle{10}} \fi \multiput(-5.,9)(5,0){2}{\line(0,1){8}} \put(0,0){\line(-1,4){2.2}} \put(-6,9){\line(1,0){7}} \fi \fi \ifx#2D %down oriented \ifx#3L %B1 left \ifx#1P %p type emiter \put(-2.5,-9.4){\vector(-1,-4){0}} \fi \ifx#1N %n type emiter \put(-1.3,-5.5){\vector(1,4){0}} \fi \ifx#4N \else \put(-2.5,-9){\circle{10}} \fi \multiput(-5,-9)(5,0){2}{\line(0,-1){8}} \put(0,0){\line(-1,-4){2.2}} \put(-6,-9){\line(1,0){7}} \fi \ifx#3R %B1 right \ifx#1P %p type emiter \put(2.5,-9.4){\vector(1,-4){0}} \fi \ifx#1N %n type emiter \put(1.3,-5.5){\vector(-1,4){0}} \fi \ifx#4N \else \put(2.5,-9){\circle{10}} \fi \multiput(0,-9)(5,0){2}{\line(0,-1){8}} \put(0,0){\line(1,-4){2.2}} \put(6,-9){\line(-1,0){7}} \fi \fi } %%%%% Hall's generator \newcommand{\hall}{ \put(0,0){\line(1,0){10}} \put(10,-2){\framebox(10,4){}\put(0,2){\line(1,0){10}}} \multiput(15,-5)(0,7){2}{\line(0,1){3}} \put(13.7,-0.8){$\times $} } %%%%% horizontal magnistor \newcommand{\hmag}{ \put(0,0){\line(1,0){10}} \put(10,-2){\framebox(10,4){}\put(0,2){\line(1,0){10}}} \put(11,-4){\line(1,1){8}} \put(8,-4){\line(1,0){3}} \put(15,-5){$\times $} } %vertical magnistor \newcommand{\vmag}{ \put(0,0){\line(0,1){10}} \put(-2,10){\framebox(4,10){}\put(-2,10){\line(0,1){10}}} \put(-6,17){\line(3,-1){12}} \put(6,10){\line(0,1){3}} \put(3,17){$\times $} } %horizontal thermistor PTC \newcommand{\hptc}{ \put(0,0){\line(1,0){5}} \put(5,-2){\framebox(10,4){}\put(0,2){\line(1,0){5}}} \put(6,-4){\line(1,1){8}} \put(3,-4){\line(1,0){3}} \multiput(17,2)(2,0){2}{\vector(0,1){4}} \put(16,-4){$\vartheta $} } %horizontal thermistor NTC \newcommand{\hntc}{ \put(0,0){\line(1,0){5}} \put(5,-2){\framebox(10,4){}\put(0,2){\line(1,0){5}}} \put(6,-4){\line(1,1){8}} \put(3,-4){\line(1,0){3}} \put(17,2){\vector(0,1){4}} \put(19,6){\vector(0,-1){4}} \put(16,-4){$\vartheta $} } %horizontal varistor \newcommand{\hvar}{ \put(0,0){\line(1,0){5}} \put(5,-2){\framebox(10,4){}\put(0,2){\line(1,0){5}}} \put(6,-4){\line(1,1){8}} \put(3,-4){\line(1,0){3}} \put(16,-4){$\rm U $} } %horizontal photorezistor \newcommand{\hprez}{ \put(0,0){\line(1,0){5}} \put(5,-2){\framebox(10,4){}\put(0,2){\line(1,0){5}}} \multiput(5,8)(2,0){2}{\vector(1,-1){4}} } %vertical thermistor PTC \newcommand{\vptc}{ \put(0,0){\line(0,1){5}} \put(-2,5){\framebox(4,10){}\put(-2,10){\line(0,1){5}}} \put(4,6){\line(-1,1){8}} \put(4,3){\line(0,1){3}} \multiput(-2,17)(0,2){2}{\vector(-1,0){4}} \put(4,16){$\vartheta $} } %vertical thermistor NTC \newcommand{\vntc}{ \put(0,0){\line(0,1){5}} \put(-2,5){\framebox(4,10){}\put(-2,10){\line(0,1){5}}} \put(4,6){\line(-1,1){8}} \put(4,3){\line(0,1){3}} \put(-2,17){\vector(-1,0){4}} \put(-6,19){\vector(1,0){4}} \put(4,16){$\vartheta $} } %vertical varistor \newcommand{\vvar}{ \put(0,0){\line(0,1){5}} \put(-2,5){\framebox(4,10){}\put(-2,10){\line(0,1){5}}} \put(4,6){\line(-1,1){8}} \put(4,3){\line(0,1){3}} \put(4,16){$\rm U $} } %vertical photorezistor \newcommand{\vprez}{ \put(0,0){\line(0,1){5}} \put(-2,5){\framebox(4,10){}\put(-2,10){\line(0,1){5}}} \multiput(-7,5)(0,2){2}{\vector(1,1){4}} } %horizontal peltier's cell \newcommand{\hpelt}{ \put(0,0){\line(1,0){15}} \put(5,-2){\framebox(10,4){}\put(0,2){\line(1,0){5}}} \multiput(5.5,-2)(2,0){5}{$\prime $} } \endinput