babel-greek *********** Babel support for the Greek language and script =============================================== :Copyright: © 1997 Apostolos Syropoulos, Claudio Beccari, Johannes Brahms, © 2013 -- 2020 Günter Milde. :Licence: This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the `LaTeX Project Public License`_, either version 1.3 of this license or any later version. :Abstract: Babel-greek is a contributed package providing support for the Greek language and script via the Babel_ system. The file ``greek.ldf`` provides options for the monotonic (single-diacritic), polytonic (multiple-diacritic) and ancient orthography of the Greek language. Since 2013-07-19, babel-greek supports also Unicode-aware TeX engines (XeTeX/LuaTeX). News ---- .. class:: borderless ===== ============ ============================================================ 1.4 2013-05-17 New maintainer. .. The encoding definition file ``lgrenc.def`` moved to the greek-fontenc_ package. 1.5 2013-06-21 bugfixes and cleanup, .. LICR macros in string definitions, .. LGR font encoding not used with XeTeX/LuaTeX, .. input "xgreek-fixes.def" from polyglossia_ with Xe/LuaTeX. 1.5a 2013-07-02 Fix LaTeX bugs babel/3707, `babel/4303`_ and `babel/4305`_ 1.6 2013-07-19 Experimental support for XeTeX/LuaTeX. 1.7 2013-09-09 CB-Fonts font definition files moved to CB-Fonts package. .. Do not auto-load euenc.def with XeTeX/LuaTeX. 1.7a 2013-09-13 Fix bug `babel/4360`_: spurious ``\fi``. 1.7b 2013-10-01 bugfix: correct upcasing of babel strings with Xe/LuaTeX. 1.8 2013-12-02 Rename ``greek.dtx`` to ``babel-greek`` so that texdoc_ shows the right documentation. .. Compatibility with Xe/LuaTeX in Unicode and 8-bit mode. 1.8a 2013-12-03 Set ``\encodingdefault`` in ``\greekscript`` to fix Greek in footnotes etc. with document language Greek. 1.9 2014-07-20 Added attribute for ancient Greek, load correct hyphenation patterns: Patch by Claudio Beccari. Bugfix for Makeuppercase 1.9a 2014-09-12 Remove duplicate code, documentation review. 1.9b 2014-09-18 Remove spurious whitespace from "extrasgreek" definition. .. Use named macros instead of non-standard short macros for psili and dasia in the string definitions. 1.9c 2014-10-21 Fix dummy hyphenation language names (patch Ulrike Fischer). 1.9d 2015-09-04 Remove `grsymb` (macros for Greek symbols). This package is outdated and obsoleted by greek-fontenc_ (reported by Claudio Beccari). .. Unicode uc/lc corrections now in greek-fontenc. 1.9e 2015-11-27 Fix bug in lccode-setting loop (patch by Enrico Gregorio). 1.9f 2016-02-04 Support for new standard Unicode text font encoding "TU". 1.9g 2016-09-07 Babel 3.9i deprecated ``\textlatin`` and fixed ``\latinencoding``. 1.9h 2019-07-11 Move breathing composite commands to textalpha_. 1.9i 2020-02-28 Update test for Unicode fonts. Fix accent in ``\seename`` and ``\alsoname``. 1.9j 2020-03-17 Fix ampersand in math mode. 1.10 2020-11-10 Use ``TU`` as ``\greekfontencoding`` for Xe/LuaTeX (set by LaTeX as `default font encoding for Unicode engines`_ since 2017/01/01). .. Use zig-zagy ``\textkoppa`` for ``\greeknumeral{90}``. .. PDF-string secure implementation of ``\greeknumeral`` from hyperref_. .. Load ``puenc-greek.def`` (from greek-fontenc_) if used with hyperref (polytonic Greek in PDF-strings). ===== ============ ============================================================ .. _babel/4303: http://www.latex-project.org/cgi-bin/ltxbugs2html?pr=babel/4303 .. _babel/4305: http://www.latex-project.org/cgi-bin/ltxbugs2html?pr=babel/4305 .. _babel/4360: http://www.latex-project.org/cgi-bin/ltxbugs2html?pr=babel/4360 Files ----- ``_; ``_ Source of the language definition file ``greek.ldf`` for use with Babel_. ``_; ``_ Athenian Numerals. ``_; ``_ Greek log-like Operators. ``_ DocStrip_ batch file. ``_ ``_ ``_ Test Babel-Greek features. ``_ ``_ Additional tests and examples for 8-bit TeX. ``_ ``_ Tests and Examples for XeTeX/LuaTeX with LGR 8-bit fonts. ``_ ``_ Description of the `LGR Latin transliteration`_. Requirements ------------ The "babel-greek" package requires the babel_ base package and font definition files from the greek-fontenc_ package. The greek-inputenc_ package is recommended when using 8-bit TeX engines. Typesetting Greek texts requires `Greek text fonts`_. Plain TeX is currently not supported. Patches are welcome. Installation ------------ If possible, get this package from your distribution using its installation manager. Otherwise, make sure LaTeX can find the required files: * Download and unpack `babel-greek.zip`. * Run ``tex`` or ``latex`` on the batch file ``babel-greek.ins``. This will generate the files ``greek.ldf``, ``athnum.sty``, and ``grmath.sty`` in the current directory. [#]_ * Move all files ending in ``.ldf`` or ``.sty`` into a directory searched by TeX. * To produce the documentation, run the file ``usage.tex`` and all files ending in ``.dtx`` through LaTeX. .. [#] If these files already exist somewhere in the TeX-path, you will be warned that they might be overwritten. You can ignore this warning and answer `y` unless the *current directory* contains versions of these files you want to keep. This is done by docstrip_. Try ``texdoc docstrip`` for details. Usage ----- Use the "greek" document option or pass the "greek" option to babel:: \usepackage[greek]{babel} For polytonic Greek, set the language attribute "polutoniko":: \usepackage[greek]{babel} \languageattribute{greek}{polutoniko} or :: \usepackage[greek.polutoniko,english]{babel} Similarly, the attribute "ancient" selects the ancient Greek language variant. For details see ``_ and the babel_ documentation. Input of Greek characters is possible as literal characters (with the greek-inputenc_ package or with XeTeX or LuaTeX) or the `LGR Latin transliteration`_. See ``_ and the example files provided with greek-fontenc_. Greek text fonts ---------------- A list of Greek text fonts for use with LaTeX is available at the CTAN http://www.ctan.org/topic/font-greek With the XeTeX or LuaTeX engines, the user should ensure that the chosen font contains the required glyphs: the default Latin Modern fonts miss them. Warnings about missing charcters are only written to the log file, not the console output! Select a suitable font with fontspec_. Examples for suitable fonts are the CM-unicode_ or the `Linux Libertine`_ OpenType fonts as well as any system-wide installed OTF fonts that support Greek (e.g. `Deja Vu`_). The LGR `font encoding`_ is the de-facto standard for typesetting Greek with 8-bit LaTeX. Fonts in this encoding include the `CB fonts`_ (matching CM), grtimes_ (Greek Times), Kerkis_ (matching URW Bookman), and the `GFS font collection`_. Setup of these fonts as Greek variant to matching Latin fonts is facilitated by the substitutefont_ package. LGR Latin Transliteration ------------------------- The LGR font encoding allows input of Greek characters via an ASCII transliteration. This enables simple input with a Latin keyboard. Characters with diacritics may be selected with accent macros (cf. greek-fontenc_) or via the ligature definitions in the font (see ``_). The following ASCII characters are converted to Greek symbols: = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = A B G D E Z H J I K L M N X O P R S T U F Q Y W Α Β Γ Δ Ε Ζ Η Θ Ι Κ Λ Μ Ν Ξ Ο Π Ρ Σ Τ Υ Φ Χ Ψ Ω - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - a b g d e z h j i k l m n x o p r s c t u f q y w α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ ς τ υ φ χ ψ ω = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = Accent symbols and punctuation: ================= ====== == ====================== ======== ==== tonos ``'a`` ά semicolon ``;`` · varia \`a ὰ question mark ``?`` ; perispomeni ``~a`` ᾶ left apostrophe \` \` ‘ dasia ``a`` ἀ left quotation mark ``((`` « ypogegrammeni ``a|`` ᾳ right quotation mark ``))`` » dialytika ``"i`` ϊ zero width non-joiner v ================= ====== == ====================== ======== ==== A major drawback of the LGR transliteration is that you cannot access Latin letters and some symbols if LGR is the active font encoding (e.g. in documents or parts of documents given the `Babel` language ``greek``). This means that for every Latin-written word or acronym an explicit language-switch is required. This problem can only be solved via a font-encoding comprising both Latin and Greek like the hypothetical T7 or Unicode (with XeTeX or LuaTeX). .. References ---------- .. _LaTeX Project Public License: http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt .. _babel: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/babel .. _docstrip: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/docstrip .. _font encoding: http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/base/encguide.pdf .. _fontspec: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/fontspec .. _fontenc: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/fontenc .. _CB Fonts: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/cbgreek-complete .. _CM-unicode: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/cm-unicode .. _Deja Vu: http://dejavu-fonts.org .. _e-TeX: http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=etex .. _grtimes: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/grtimes .. _hyperref: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/hyperref .. _textalpha: .. _greek-fontenc: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/greek-fontenc .. _greek-inputenc: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/greek-inputenc .. _GFS font collection: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/gfs .. _Kerkis: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/kerkis .. _Linux Libertine: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/libertine .. _polyglossia: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/polyglossia .. _substitutefont: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/substitutefont .. _texdoc: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/texdoc .. _default font encoding for Unicode engines: https://www.latex-project.org/news/latex2e-news/ltnews26.pdf