From e0c6872cf40896c7be36b11dcc744620f10adf1d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Norbert Preining <norbert@preining.info>
Date: Mon, 2 Sep 2019 13:46:59 +0900
Subject: Initial commit

---
 macros/latex/contrib/pitthesis/pitthesis.cls | 1214 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 1214 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 macros/latex/contrib/pitthesis/pitthesis.cls

(limited to 'macros/latex/contrib/pitthesis/pitthesis.cls')

diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/pitthesis/pitthesis.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/pitthesis/pitthesis.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..24442d1c29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/pitthesis/pitthesis.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1214 @@
+%%  University of Pittsburgh, Thesis Document Class for LaTeX2e
+%%
+%%  Related files:  (*.clo are class option files)
+%%	pitthesis.cls	-- document class file for pitt thesis
+%%	pitteng.clo	-- Pitt Engineering thesis
+%%	pittstd.clo	-- Pitt standard thesis
+%%
+%%  This document class load report class.
+%%  Engineering thesis requires cite package which is available from CTAN.
+%%	cite.sty	-- used in pitteng.clo, sorted & merged reference numbers
+%%
+%%  Wonkoo Kim (wkim+@pitt.edu, wkim@bellatlantic.net)
+%%
+%%  v1.2    September 23, 1999	- bug fixed: line spacing problem
+%%  v1.1    August 22, 1999	- major update -- now loads report.cls
+%%  v1.0.4  August 13, 1999	- try orphan/widow removal harder
+%%  v1.0.3  August 12, 1999	- adjusted evensidemargin for twoside printing.
+%%  v1.0.2  August 6, 1999	- added cover sheet for bibliography.
+%%				- changed all big font sizes to \Large.
+%%				- bug fixed: TOC was listed in TOC list.
+%%  v1.0.1  July 29, 1999	- added \newlength\stringlen for text alignments
+%%  v1.0    July 31, 1998	- First version
+%%
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{pitthesis}
+    [1999/08/23 v1.2 Univ. of Pittsburgh Thesis Class]
+
+\newcommand\@pitthesis{eng}	% select Pitt Engineering Thesis style by default
+\newif\if@pitteng
+\newif\if@pittstd
+\DeclareOption{pitteng}{\renewcommand\@pitthesis{eng}\@pittengtrue\@pittstdfalse}
+\DeclareOption{pittstd}{\renewcommand\@pitthesis{std}\@pittstdtrue\@pittengfalse}
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% floats (figures and tables) numbering style:
+%% floats numbering-by-chapter option by documentclass[floatchap]{pitthesis}
+%% If [floatchap] is not given and if \floatsbyappendix is called in the
+%% user's document, then only figures and tables in appendices are numbered by
+%% appendix chapters.  I.e. Figure A-1, A-2, B-1, ... representing appendix
+%% A's or appendix B's figures, otherwise all figures and tables are sequentially
+%% numbered throughout the whole document before and after starting appendix.
+%%
+\newif\if@floatsbychapter
+\@floatsbychapterfalse	    %% default: sequential numbering for the whole chapters
+\newif\if@floatchapoption
+\@floatchapoptionfalse	    % floatchap class option is not yet given.
+\newcommand\@floatsbychap{\@floatsbychaptertrue
+    \typeout{Floats (figures, tables) are numbered by chapters.}}
+\let\floatsbyappendix\@floatsbychap
+
+%% If \@floatsbychap is called, figures and tables are numbered by chapter.
+
+\DeclareOption{floatchap}{\@floatsbychap\@floatchapoptiontrue}
+\DeclareOption{nofloatchap}{\@floatsbychapterfalse\@floatchapoptiontrue}
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\newif\if@phdthesis
+\newif\if@msthesis
+%% default: Ph.D. Thesis true
+%% default: Master's Thesis false
+\DeclareOption{phd}{\@phdthesistrue\@msthesisfalse}
+\DeclareOption{ms}{\@msthesistrue\@phdthesisfalse}
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\newif\if@proposal
+\@proposalfalse 	%% default: Not proposal
+\DeclareOption{proposal}{\@proposaltrue\typeout{Generating a Thesis Proposal ...}}
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\newif\if@headings
+\@headingsfalse 	%% default: No headings
+\DeclareOption{headings}{\@headingstrue}
+\DeclareOption{noheadings}{\@headingsfalse}
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\def\@pitthesislinespacing{18pt}
+\DeclareOption{single}{\def\@pitthesislinespacing{12pt}}
+\DeclareOption{onehalf}{\def\@pitthesislinespacing{18pt}}
+\DeclareOption{double}{\def\@pitthesislinespacing{24pt}}
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% all other options are passed to the base class.
+\DeclareOption*{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{report}}
+\ExecuteOptions{pitteng,phd,onehalf}
+\ProcessOptions
+\LoadClass[letterpaper,11pt,oneside,onecolumn,final,openany]{report}
+
+\if@floatchapoption\else
+    \if@pitteng
+    \@floatsbychap\fi\fi     % floats-by-chapter is the default for pitteng
+
+%  ****************************************
+%  *		PAGE LAYOUT		  *
+%  ****************************************
+%
+% All margin dimensions measured from a point one inch from top and side
+% of page.
+
+% SIDE MARGINS:
+\oddsidemargin 0.5in	% left margin is this number plus 1 inch  (1 inch = 72.27 pt)
+\evensidemargin 0in	% 1 inch margin for even sides (for twoside printing)
+\marginparwidth 1in	% the marginal paragraph is 1 inch wide
+\marginparsep 12pt	% the distance between marginal paragraph
+			% and the left margin
+
+% VERTICAL SPACING:
+\topmargin  0pt 	% the distance from top edge to page head
+			% is this number plus 1 inch
+\headheight 12pt	% the height of page head is 12 points
+\headsep    24pt	% Space between running head and text.
+
+% DIMENSION OF TEXT:
+
+\textheight 8.5in	% the height of the text body is 8.5inches
+\textwidth  6.0in	% the width of the text body is 6 inches
+
+\pagenumbering{roman}	% this is the page number style
+\pagestyle{plain}	% for the preliminary parts
+\markboth{}{}		% no heading line
+
+%    ****************************************
+%    *		  PAGE STYLES		    *
+%    ****************************************
+%
+% The page style 'foo' is defined by defining the command \ps@foo.  This
+% command should make only local definitions.  There should be no stray
+% spaces in the definition, since they could lead to mysterious extra
+% spaces in the output.
+%
+% The \ps@... command defines the macros \@oddhead, \@oddfoot,
+% \@evenhead, and \@evenfoot to define the running heads and
+% feet---e.g., \@oddhead is the macro to produce the contents of the
+% heading box for odd-numbered pages.  It is called inside an \hbox of
+% width \textwidth.
+%
+% To make headings determined by the sectioning commands, the page style
+% defines the commands \chaptermark, \sectionmark, ... , where
+% \chaptermark{TEXT} is called by \chapter to set a mark, and so on.
+% The \...mark commands and the \...head macros are defined with the
+% help of the following macros.  (All the \...mark commands should be
+% initialized to no-ops.)
+%
+%
+% MARKING CONVENTIONS:
+% LaTeX extends TeX's \mark facility by producing two kinds of marks
+% a 'left' and a 'right' mark, using the following commands:
+%     \markboth{LEFT}{RIGHT} : Adds both marks.
+%     \markright{RIGHT}      : Adds a 'right' mark.
+%     \leftmark  : Used in the \@oddhead, \@oddfoot, \@evenhead or \@evenfoot
+%		   macro, gets the current 'left'  mark.  Works like TeX's
+%		   \botmark command.
+%     \rightmark : Used in the \@oddhead, \@oddfoot, \@evenhead or \@evenfoot
+%		   macro, gets the current 'right'  mark.  Works like TeX's
+%		   \firstmark command.
+% The marking commands work reasonably well for right marks 'numbered
+% within' left marks--e.g., the left mark is changed by a \chapter command and
+% the right mark is changed by a \section command.  However, it does
+% produce somewhat anomalous results if two \bothmark's occur on the same page.
+%
+%
+% Commands like \tableofcontents that should set the marks in some page styles
+% use a \@mkboth command, which is \let by the pagestyle command (\ps@...)
+% to \markboth for setting the heading or \@gobbletwo to do nothing.
+
+% \ps@empty and \ps@plain defined in latex.ltx
+
+% Definition of 'headings' page style
+%  Note the use of ##1 for parameter of \def\chaptermark inside the
+%  \def\ps@headings.
+%
+\if@twoside
+  \def\ps@headings{%
+      \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+      \def\@evenhead{\thepage\hfil\slshape\leftmark}%
+      \def\@oddhead{{\slshape\rightmark}\hfil\thepage}%
+      \let\@mkboth\markboth
+    \def\chaptermark##1{%
+      \if@headings
+	\markboth {\MakeUppercase{%
+	  \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
+	    \@chapapp\ \thechapter\ \ %
+	  \fi
+	  ##1}}{}
+      \else
+	  \markboth {}{}
+      \fi}%
+    \def\sectionmark##1{%
+      \if@headings
+	\markright {\MakeUppercase{%
+	  \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\z@
+	    \thesection\ \ %
+	  \fi
+	  ##1}}
+      \else
+	  \markright {}
+      \fi}}
+\else
+  \def\ps@headings{%
+    \let\@oddfoot\@empty
+    \def\@oddhead{{\slshape\rightmark}\hfil\thepage}%
+    \let\@mkboth\markboth
+    \def\chaptermark##1{%
+      \if@headings
+	\markright {\MakeUppercase{%
+	  \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
+	    \@chapapp\ \thechapter\ \ %
+	  \fi
+	  ##1}}
+      \else
+	  \markright {}
+      \fi}}
+\fi
+
+\newif\if@twocolthesis
+\if@twocolumn\@twocolthesistrue
+	\else\@twocolthesisfalse\fi
+
+%    ****************************************
+%    *	      CHAPTERS AND SECTIONS	    *
+%    ****************************************
+%
+% The value of the counter secnumdepth gives the depth of the
+% highest-level sectioning command that is to produce section numbers.
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+%\setcounter{secnumdepth}{2}
+%
+\newcounter {main}			% \themain controls the starting
+\setcounter {main}{0}
+\renewcommand\themain {\@arabic\c@main}
+
+\renewcommand\part{%
+  \if@openright
+    \cleardoublepage
+  \else
+    \clearpage
+  \fi
+  \if@twocolthesis\twocolumn\fi
+  \ifnum \themain<1	    % Wonkoo Kim (wkim+@pitt.edu), July 31, 1998
+       \setcounter{page}{1}
+       \setcounter{main}{1}
+       \pagenumbering{arabic}
+       \pagestyle{headings}
+       \markboth{}{}
+  \fi%
+  \thispagestyle{empty}     % Page style of part page is 'empty'
+  % \thispagestyle{plain}%
+  \if@twocolumn 	    % IF two-column style
+    \onecolumn		    %  THEN \onecolumn
+    \@tempswatrue	    %	    @tempswa := true
+  \else 		    %  ELSE
+    \@tempswafalse	    %	    @tempswa := false
+  \fi			    % FI
+  \null\vfil		    % Add fil glue to center title
+  \secdef\@part\@spart}
+
+\def\@part[#1]#2{%
+    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax
+      \refstepcounter{part}%
+      \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\thepart\hspace{1em}#1}%
+    \else
+      \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1}%
+    \fi
+    \markboth{}{}%
+    {\centering
+     \interlinepenalty \@M
+     \normalfont
+     \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax
+       \Large\bfseries \partname~\thepart
+       \par
+       \vskip 20\p@
+     \fi
+     \Large \bfseries #2\par}%
+    \@endpart}
+%
+\def\@spart#1{%
+    {\centering
+     \interlinepenalty \@M
+     \normalfont
+     \Large \bfseries #1\par}%
+    \@endpart}
+% \@endpart finishes the part page
+\def\@endpart{\vfil\newpage
+	      \if@twoside
+		\null
+		\thispagestyle{empty}%
+		\newpage
+	      \fi
+	      \if@tempswa
+		\twocolumn
+	      \fi}
+
+\renewcommand\chapter{\if@openright\cleardoublepage\else\clearpage\fi
+		\if@pitteng
+		    \if@headings
+			\thispagestyle{plain}
+		    \fi
+		\else
+		    \thispagestyle{plain}
+		\fi
+		\global\@topnum\z@	% Prevents figures from going at top of page.
+		%\@afterindentfalse	% indent the 1st paragraph -- wkim
+		\secdef\@chapter\@schapter}
+\def\@chapter[#1]#2{%
+		\if@twocolthesis\twocolumn\fi
+		\ifnum \themain<1
+		   \setcounter{page}{1}
+		   \setcounter{main}{1}
+		   \pagenumbering{arabic}
+		   \pagestyle{headings}
+		   \markboth{}{}	% Wonkoo Kim (wkim+@pitt.edu)
+		\fi%
+		\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
+		    \refstepcounter{chapter}%
+		    \def\@chapapp{} %
+		    \if@pitteng
+			\typeout{\@chapapp\space\thechapter.0}	%screen message
+			\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\protect
+			    \numberline{\thechapter.0}\quad #1}
+		    \else
+			\typeout{\@chapapp\space\thechapter.}	%screen message
+			\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\protect
+			    \numberline{\thechapter.}\quad #1}
+		    \fi
+		\else
+		  \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}%
+		\fi
+		\chaptermark{#1}%
+		\addtocontents{lof}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}%
+		\addtocontents{lot}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}%
+		\if@twocolumn
+		  \@topnewpage[\@makechapterhead{#2}]%
+		\else
+		  \@makechapterhead{#2}%
+		  \@afterheading
+		\fi}
+% The \chapter heading
+\def\@makechapterhead#1{%
+  \if@pitteng
+    %%\vspace*{12\p@}%
+  \else
+    \vspace*{0.7in}%
+  \fi
+  {\parindent \z@ \raggedright \normalfont
+    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
+	\large\bfseries\centering   % \@chapapp\space \thechapter
+	\if@pitteng
+	    \thechapter.0\quad	    % extra space
+	\else
+	    \thechapter.\quad	    % extra space
+	\fi
+    \fi
+    \interlinepenalty\@M
+    \large\bfseries #1\par\nobreak  % TeX penalty to prevent page break.
+    \ifnum\@ptsize=2
+	\vskip 24\p@		    % Space between heading and text.
+    \else
+	\vskip 20\p@
+    \fi
+  }}
+\def\@schapter#1{%
+	\typeout{#1}		    % screen message
+	\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}		% added -- wkim
+	\if@headings
+	    \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase#1}{\MakeUppercase#1}% added -- wkim
+	\fi
+	\if@twocolumn
+	    \@topnewpage[\@makeschapterhead{#1}]%
+	\else
+	    \@makeschapterhead{#1}%
+	    \@afterheading
+	\fi}
+% The unnumbered heading
+\def\@makeschapterhead#1{%
+  \if@pitteng
+    %%\vspace*{12\p@}%
+  \else
+    \vspace*{0.7in}%
+  \fi
+  {\parindent \z@ \raggedright
+    \normalfont
+    \interlinepenalty\@M
+    \large\bfseries\centering #1\par\nobreak   % TeX penalty to prevent page break.
+    \ifnum\@ptsize=2
+	\vskip 24\p@		% Space between heading and text.
+    \else
+	\vskip 20\p@
+    \fi
+  }}
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+% \@startsection {NAME}{LEVEL}{INDENT}{BEFORESKIP}{AFTERSKIP}{STYLE}
+%	     optional * [ALTHEADING]{HEADING}
+%    Generic command to start a section.
+%    NAME	: e.g., 'subsection'
+%    LEVEL	: a number, denoting depth of section -- e.g., chapter=1,
+%		  section = 2, etc.  A section number will be printed if
+%		  and only if LEVEL < or = the value of the secnumdepth
+%		  counter.
+%    INDENT	: Indentation of heading from left margin
+%    BEFORESKIP : Absolute value = skip to leave above the heading.
+%		  If negative, then paragraph indent of text following
+%		  heading is suppressed.
+%    AFTERSKIP	: if positive, then skip to leave below heading,
+%			else - skip to leave to right of run-in heading.
+%    STYLE	: commands to set style
+%  If '*' missing, then increments the counter.  If it is present, then
+%  there should be no [ALTHEADING] argument.  A sectioning command
+%  is normally defined to \@startsection + its first six arguments.
+%
+\renewcommand\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}%
+				   {5ex \@plus 1ex \@minus .2ex}%
+				   {2.3ex \@plus.2ex}%
+				   {\normalfont\large\bfseries\centering}}
+\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+				     {3ex\@plus 1ex \@minus .2ex}%
+				     {1.5ex \@plus .2ex}%
+				     {\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries}}
+
+% since \subsubsection heading is rather unique, it is redefined here
+%
+\renewcommand\subsubsection{\secdef\@subsubsection\@ssubsubsection}   %
+
+\def\@subsubsection[#1]#2{ \refstepcounter{subsubsection}%
+	\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{\protect	% put an entry to
+	\numberline{\thesubsubsection}\space #1}	% jobname.toc file
+	  \@makesubsubsectionhead{#2}\nolinebreak}
+
+\def\@ssubsubsection#1{\@makessubsubsectionhead{#1}\nolinebreak}
+
+\def\@makesubsubsectionhead#1{		% Heading for \subsubsection command
+  \par \vspace*{12pt}			% Space before
+  \noindent
+  {\normalsize\bfseries\underbar{\hbox{%
+   \thesubsubsection\space\space#1}}.~~}}
+
+\def\@makessubsubsectionhead#1{ 	% Heading for \subsubsection* command
+  \par \vspace*{12pt}			% Space before
+  \noindent
+  { \normalsize\bfseries\underbar{\hbox{#1}}\nolinebreak.~~}}
+
+\renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+				    {2.5ex \@plus1ex \@minus.2ex}%
+				    {-1em}%
+				    {\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries}}
+\renewcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\parindent}%
+				       {2.2ex \@plus1ex \@minus .2ex}%
+				       {-1em}%
+				      {\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries}}
+
+% Default initializations of \...mark commands.  (See below for their
+% us in defining page styles.
+%
+% \def\chaptermark#1{}
+% \def\sectionmark#1{}		 % Preloaded definitions
+% \def\subsectionmark#1{}
+% \def\subsubsectionmark#1{}
+% \def\paragraphmark#1{}
+% \def\subparagraphmark#1{}
+
+\newcommand\@coversheet[1]{%
+	% make a cover sheet with a heading centered on a page
+	\if@twocolthesis
+	    \onecolumn
+	\else
+	    \clearpage
+	\fi
+	\thispagestyle{empty}		% cover sheets are not numbered
+	{\vbox{}\vfill%
+	 \center{\Large\bfseries #1}	% cover sheet heading in \Large font
+	 \vfill\vbox{\vspace{2.4in}}}
+	\if@twocolthesis
+	    \twocolumn
+	\else
+	    \clearpage
+	\fi
+	}
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%	APPENDIX
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+% The \appendix command must do the following:
+%    -- reset the chapter counter to zero
+%    -- set \@chapapp to Appendix (for messages)
+%    -- redefine the chapter counter to produce appendix numbers
+%    -- reset the section counter to zero
+%    -- redefine the \chapter command if appendix titles and headings are
+%	to look different from chapter titles and headings.
+
+\renewcommand\appendix{\par
+  \setcounter{chapter}{0}%
+  \setcounter{section}{0}%
+  \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+  \setcounter{subsubsection}{0}%
+  \setcounter{subparagraph}{0}%
+  \gdef\@chapapp{\appendixname}%
+  \gdef\thechapter{\@Alph\c@chapter}}
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%%%%%% The appendix environments: %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%  There would be no *-form chapters (\chapter*{}) in appendix environments.
+\newenvironment{appendices}{
+    \begingroup
+    \setcounter{chapter}{0}
+    \setcounter{section}{0}
+    \setcounter{subsection}{0}
+    \setcounter{subsubsection}{0}
+    \setcounter{subparagraph}{0}
+    \gdef\@chapapp{\appendixname}
+    \gdef\thechapter{\@Alph\c@chapter}
+    \addtocontents{toc}{\protect\addvspace{0.5em}}%
+    \if@floatsbychapter 	    % if figures, tables are numbered by chapters
+	\renewcommand\thefigure
+		{\ifnum \c@chapter>\z@ \thechapter-\fi \@arabic\c@figure}
+	\renewcommand\thetable
+		{\ifnum \c@chapter>\z@ \thechapter-\fi \@arabic\c@table}
+       % \renewcommand\thefigure{\thechapter-\@arabic\c@figure}
+       % \renewcommand\thetable{\thechapter-\@arabic\c@table}
+    \else			    % if figures and tables are numbered sequentially
+	\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+	\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+    \fi
+    \renewcommand\chapter{\if@openright\cleardoublepage\else\clearpage\fi
+	\if@floatsbychapter
+	    \setcounter{figure}{0}
+	    \setcounter{table}{0}
+	\fi
+	\global\@topnum\z@	% Prevents figures from going at top of page.
+	%\@afterindentfalse	 % indent the 1st paragraph -- wkim
+	\secdef\@chapter\@schapter
+	}
+    \def\@chapter[##1]##2{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
+	    \refstepcounter{chapter}%
+	\fi
+	\if@pitteng			    % Pitt Engineering thesis
+	    \typeout{\@chapapp\space\thechapter}    %screen message
+	    \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{APPENDIX \thechapter\quad ##1}
+	\else				    % Pitt standard thesis
+	    \typeout{\@chapapp\space\thechapter.}   %screen message
+	    \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{APPENDIX \thechapter.\quad ##1}
+	\fi
+	\gdef\@chapapp{} %
+	\chaptermark{##1}%
+	\addtocontents{lof}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}% extra vspace in list of figures
+	\addtocontents{lot}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}% extra vspace in list of tables
+	%
+	\@coversheet{APPENDIX \thechapter}% a cover sheet for each appendix chapter
+	\if@twocolumn
+	  \@topnewpage[\@makechapterhead{##2}]%
+	\else
+	  \@makechapterhead{##2}%
+	  \@afterheading
+	\fi}
+    \def\@makechapterhead##1{		    % Heading for \chapter command
+	\if@pitteng
+	    \if@headings
+		\thispagestyle{plain}
+	    \fi
+	\else
+	    \thispagestyle{plain}
+	\fi
+	\global\@topnum\z@	% Prevents figures from going at top of page.
+	\if@pitteng\else
+	    \vspace*{0.7in}		    % space at top of text page.
+	\fi
+	{
+	    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne    % IF secnumdepth > -1 THEN
+		\large\bfseries\centering%
+		\if@pitteng			% Pitt Engineering thesis
+		    APPENDIX \thechapter\quad
+		\else				% Pitt Standard
+		    APPENDIX \thechapter.\quad
+		\fi
+		\fi
+	    \large \bfseries ##1\par	    % may need a : in here
+	    \nobreak			    % TeX penalty to prevent page break.
+	    \ifnum\@ptsize=2
+		\vskip 24\p@		    % Space between heading and text.
+	    \else
+		\vskip 20\p@
+	    \fi
+	}
+	%\@afterindentfalse	% indent the 1st paragraph -- wkim
+    }
+}{ \endgroup }
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%  Single appendix environment:
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+\newenvironment{singleappendix}{
+    \begingroup
+    \setcounter{chapter}{0}
+    \setcounter{section}{0}
+    \setcounter{subsection}{0}
+    \setcounter{subsubsection}{0}
+    \setcounter{subparagraph}{0}
+    \gdef\@chapapp{Appendix}
+    \gdef\thechapter{\@Alph\c@chapter}
+    \addtocontents{toc}{\protect\addvspace{0.5em}}%
+    \if@floatsbychapter
+	\setcounter{figure}{0}
+	\setcounter{table}{0}
+	\if@pitteng			    % Pitt Engineering thesis
+	    \def\thefigure{A.\@arabic\c@figure}
+	    \def\thetable{A.\@arabic\c@table}
+	\else				    % Pitt Standard
+	    \def\thefigure{A-\@arabic\c@figure}
+	    \def\thetable{A-\@arabic\c@table}
+	\fi
+    \else
+	\def\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+	\def\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+    \fi
+    \def\@chapter[##1]##2{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
+	    \refstepcounter{chapter}%
+	\fi
+	\typeout{\@chapapp}    %screen message
+	\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{APPENDIX\quad ##1}
+	\gdef\@chapapp{} %
+	\chaptermark{##1}%
+	\addtocontents{lof}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}% extra vspace in list of figures
+	\addtocontents{lot}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}% extra vspace in list of tables
+	\if@twocolumn
+	  \@topnewpage[\@makechapterhead{##2}]%
+	\else
+	  \@makechapterhead{##2}%
+	  \@afterheading
+	\fi}
+    \def\@makechapterhead##1{		% Heading for \chapter command
+	\@coversheet{APPENDIX}		% the cover page for appendix
+	\if@pitteng
+	    \if@headings
+		\thispagestyle{plain}
+	    \fi
+	\else
+	    \thispagestyle{plain}
+	\fi
+	\global\@topnum\z@	% Prevents figures from going at top of page.
+	\if@pitteng\else
+	    \vspace*{12pt}		    % space at top of text page.
+	\fi
+	{
+	  \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne	    % IF secnumdepth > -1 THEN
+	    \large\bfseries\centering
+		APPENDIX \space \fi \large \bfseries ##1\par
+	    \nobreak			    % TeX penalty to prevent page break.
+	    \ifnum\@ptsize=2
+		\vskip 24\p@		    % Space between heading and text.
+	    \else
+		\vskip 20\p@
+	    \fi
+	}
+	%\@afterindentfalse		% indent the 1st paragraph -- wkim
+	}
+}{ \endgroup }
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%  Numbering Figures and Tables
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%
+%%removefr.tex
+%%Date: Sat, 30 Jul 1994 17:58:55 PST
+%%From: Donald Arseneau <asnd@erich.triumf.ca>
+%%
+%%  \@removefromreset{FOO}{BAR} : Removes counter FOO from the list of
+%%			 counters \cl@BAR to be reset when counter BAR
+%%			 is stepped.  The opposite of \@addtoreset.
+\def\@removefromreset#1#2{\let\@tempb\@elt
+   \expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempa\csname c@#1\endcsname
+   \def\@elt##1{\expandafter\ifx\csname c@##1\endcsname\@tempa\else
+	 \noexpand\@elt{##1}\fi}%
+   \expandafter\edef\csname cl@#2\endcsname{\csname cl@#2\endcsname}%
+   \let\@elt\@tempb}
+
+%% to number figures and tables by chapters.
+\if@floatsbychapter		% If figures & tables are numbered by chapter
+    \if@pitteng 		    % Pitt Engineering thesis
+	\renewcommand\thefigure
+	    {\ifnum \c@chapter>\z@ \thechapter.\fi \@arabic\c@figure}
+	\renewcommand\thetable
+	    {\ifnum \c@chapter>\z@ \thechapter.\fi \@arabic\c@table}
+    \else			    % Pitt standard thesis
+	\renewcommand\thefigure
+	    {\ifnum \c@chapter>\z@ \thechapter-\fi \@arabic\c@figure}
+	\renewcommand\thetable
+	    {\ifnum \c@chapter>\z@ \thechapter-\fi \@arabic\c@table}
+    \fi
+\else				% figures & tables are numbered sequentially
+    \@removefromreset{figure}{chapter}
+    \@removefromreset{table}{chapter}
+    \renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+    \renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\fi
+
+%\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+%\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{5\p@}	    % Wonkoo Kim (wkim+@pitt.edu)
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{5\p@}	    % Wonkoo Kim (wkim+@pitt.edu)
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+  \vskip\abovecaptionskip
+  % \sbox\@tempboxa{#1: #2}%
+  \sbox\@tempboxa{{\bfseries #1}\quad#2}%   % Wonkoo Kim (wkim+@pitt.edu)
+  \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+    % #1: #2\par
+    {\bfseries #1}\quad#2\par		    % Wonkoo Kim (wkim+@pitt.edu)
+  \else
+    \global \@minipagefalse
+    \hb@xt@\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+  \fi
+  \vskip\belowcaptionskip}
+%
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% EQUATION and EQNARRAY -- put here because it must follow \chapter definition
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\@tempswafalse
+\if@pittstd\if@floatsbychapter\else
+    \@tempswatrue\fi\fi
+\if@tempswa
+    \@removefromreset{equation}{chapter}
+    \renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\else
+    %\@addtoreset {equation}{chapter}	% Makes \chapter reset 'equation' counter.
+					% \@addtoreset is already done by report.cls.
+    %\renewcommand\theequation{\thechapter-\arabic{equation}}
+    \renewcommand\theequation{%
+	\ifnum \c@chapter>\z@ \thechapter-\fi \@arabic\c@equation}
+\fi
+
+\jot = 3pt	  % Extra space added between lines of an eqnarray environment
+
+% The macro \@eqnnum defines how equation numbers are to appear in equations.
+%
+% \def\@eqnnum{(\theequation)}
+\def\@eqnnum{\hbox{\rm (\theequation)}}     %% WK added
+%% WK -- Without this \@eqnnum, fonts(size) are different between equation,
+%% eqnarray, and display math environments.
+
+%    ****************************************
+%    *	       TABLE OF CONTENTS, ETC.	    *
+%    ****************************************
+%
+%\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}
+
+% TABLEOFCONTENTS
+%  In report style, \tableofcontents, \listoffigures, etc. are always
+%  set in single-column style.	@restonecol
+\renewcommand\tableofcontents{%
+    \clearpage			% Wonkoo Kim (wkim+@pitt.edu)
+    \if@twocolumn
+      \@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
+    \else
+      \@restonecolfalse
+    \fi
+    \if@pittstd
+	\vspace*{0.45in}
+    \fi
+    \section*{\contentsname}	% Wonkoo Kim (wkim+@pitt.edu)
+    %\@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\contentsname}{\MakeUppercase\contentsname}%??
+    \vskip -1em 		    %%
+    \hfill \underline{Page}\par     %% Wonkoo Kim (wkim+@pitt.edu)
+    \@starttoc{toc}
+    \if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi
+    }
+
+\def\thedots{\cleaders\hbox{$\m@th \mkern4.5mu . \mkern4.5mu$}\hfill}
+
+\renewcommand\listoffigures{%
+    \if@twocolumn
+      \@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
+    \else
+      \@restonecolfalse
+    \fi
+    \chapter*{\listfigurename}
+    %\@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\listfigurename}{\MakeUppercase\listfigurename}%
+    \vskip -1em
+    \underline{Figure No.}\hfill \underline{Page}\par	%% Wonkoo Kim (wkim+@pitt.edu)
+    \@starttoc{lof}%
+    \if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi
+    }
+
+\renewcommand\listoftables{%
+    \if@twocolumn
+      \@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
+    \else
+      \@restonecolfalse
+    \fi
+    \chapter*{\listtablename}
+    %\@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\listtablename}{\MakeUppercase\listtablename}%
+    \vskip -1em
+    \underline{Table No.}\hfill \underline{Page}\par	%% Wonkoo Kim (wkim+@pitt.edu)
+    \@starttoc{lot}%
+    \if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi
+    }
+%\let\l@table\l@figure
+
+%    ****************************************
+%    *		   BIBLIOGRAPHY 	    *
+%    ****************************************
+%
+% The thebibliography environment executes the following commands:
+%
+%  \def\newblock{\hskip .11em plus .33em minus -.07em} --
+%      Defines the `closed' format, where the blocks (major units of
+%      information) of an entry run together.
+%
+%  \sloppy  -- Used because it's rather hard to do line breaks in
+%      bibliographies,
+%
+%  \sfcode`\.=1000\relax --
+%      Causes a `.' (period) not to produce an end-of-sentence space.
+
+\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+     {\@coversheet{\bibname}	    % cover sheet
+      \addtocontents{toc}{\protect\addvspace{0.5em}}%
+      \chapter*{\bibname}
+      %\@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\bibname}{\MakeUppercase\bibname}%
+      \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+	   {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+	    \leftmargin\labelwidth
+	    \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+	    \@openbib@code
+	    \usecounter{enumiv}%
+	    \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+	    \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+      %\sloppy
+      \clubpenalty4000
+      \@clubpenalty \clubpenalty
+      \widowpenalty4000%
+      \sfcode`\.\@m}
+     {\def\@noitemerr
+       {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+      \endlist}
+\renewenvironment{theindex}
+       {\@coversheet{\indexname}	% cover sheet
+	\addtocontents{toc}{\protect\addvspace{0.5em}}%
+	\if@twocolumn
+	   \@restonecolfalse
+	 \else
+	   \@restonecoltrue
+	 \fi
+	 \columnseprule \z@
+	 \columnsep 35\p@
+	 \twocolumn[\@makeschapterhead{\indexname}]%
+	 \if@headings			% Wonkoo Kim (wkim+@pitt.edu)
+	     \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\indexname}%
+		     {\MakeUppercase\indexname}%
+	     \thispagestyle{plain}
+	 \fi
+	 \parindent\z@
+	 \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+	 \let\item\@idxitem}
+	{\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+
+\renewcommand\contentsname {TABLE OF CONTENTS}
+\renewcommand\listfigurename {LIST OF FIGURES}
+\renewcommand\listtablename {LIST OF TABLES}
+\renewcommand\bibname {BIBLIOGRAPHY}
+\renewcommand\indexname {INDEX}
+\renewcommand\figurename {Figure}
+\renewcommand\tablename {Table}
+\renewcommand\partname {PART}
+\renewcommand\chaptername {Chapter}
+\renewcommand\appendixname {APPENDIX}
+\renewcommand\abstractname {ABSTRACT}
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%  Parameters for Thesis
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%
+\def\@degrees{}
+\def\@degree{}
+\def\@school{}
+\def\@university{}
+\def\@proposal{}
+
+\def\@year{}			%% \year for titlepage
+\def\year#1{\def\@year{#1}}
+
+\def\degrees#1{\def\@degrees{#1}}
+\def\degree#1{\def\@degree{#1}}
+\def\school#1{\def\@school{#1}}
+\def\university#1{\def\@university{#1}}
+\def\proposal#1{\def\@proposal{#1}}
+
+%%\def\signedrule{\nobreak\leaders\hrule\hskip 2.0truein\ }
+%\def\@signedrule#1{\null\nobreak\leaders\hrule\hskip#1\null}
+\def\@signedrule#1{\rule[-0.6ex]{#1}{0.2pt}}
+\def\signedrule{\null\nobreak\leaders\hrule\hfill\null}
+%\def\signedrule{\null\nobreak\leaders\hrule\hfill\null}
+%% WK -- Use \@signedrule for fixed length. (\signedrule is variable.)
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%  Title Page
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+\def\maketitle{{
+    \baselineskip 18pt		    % line spacing
+    \begin{titlepage}
+    \let\footnotesize\small	    % Local definitions to make \thanks produce
+    \let\footnoterule\relax	    % \normalsize footnotes with no separating rule.
+    \setcounter{page}{1}
+    \null
+    \if@pittstd
+	\vskip 0.7truein
+    \fi
+    \begin{center}
+       {\large\bfseries\baselineskip 18pt
+	 \@title \par}		    % Set title in \large size.
+       \vskip 36pt		    % Vertical space after title. %% WK
+       {\normalsize\bfseries\baselineskip 18pt	    % Set author in \normalsizes.
+	 by\par
+	 \begin{tabular}[t]{c}\@author
+	 \end{tabular}\par}
+	{
+	\normalsize\bfseries\baselineskip 18pt
+	\if@proposal
+	    \vskip 72pt
+	    \@proposal\par	    % Ph.D. Dissertation Proposal\par
+	\else
+	    \vskip 12pt 	    % Vertical space after author.
+	    \@degrees\par
+	\fi
+	    \vskip 60pt
+	    Submitted to the Graduate Faculty\\
+	    of the \@school\\
+	    in partial fulfillment of\\
+	    the requirement for the degree of\\
+	    \@degree\par
+	    \vskip 36pt
+	    \@university\\
+	\if@proposal
+	    \@date
+	\else
+	    \@year		    % set year in
+	\fi
+	}
+    \end{center}\par
+    \vskip 18pt
+    \baselineskip 10pt
+    \if@proposal\else
+	\noindent\hspace{3.0in} {The Author grants permission}\par
+	\noindent\hspace{3.0in} {to reproduce single copies.}\par
+	\vskip 36pt
+	\noindent\hspace{3.0in} {\bfseries \signedrule}\par
+	\vskip -1ex
+	\noindent\hspace{3.0in} {\bfseries\small Signed}\par
+    \fi
+    \vfil
+    \null
+    \end{titlepage}
+    \setcounter{footnote}{0}	   % Footnotes start at zero again.
+    \setcounter{page}{2}	   % page starts  start at 2 for theses.
+    \global\let\maketitle\relax
+    \global\let\degrees\relax
+    \global\let\@degrees\@empty
+    \global\let\degree\relax
+    \global\let\@degree\@empty
+    \global\let\school\relax
+    \global\let\@school\@empty
+    \global\let\thanks\relax
+    \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+    % keep \@author, \@date, \@title, \@year etc.
+    % for committee signature & abstract pages.
+}}
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%	COMMITTEE SIGNATURE PAGE
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Macros for Ph.D./M.S. COMMITTEE SIGNATURE PAGE
+%
+% Usage:
+%	\begin{committeesignature}[5]	% begins the committee signature page
+%					  for 5 committee members.
+%	\advisor{name, title}		% prints advisor's signature line \@advisor
+%	\chairperson{name, title}	% synonym to \advisor (\@chairperson = \@advisor)
+%
+%	[\coadvisor{name, title}]	% prints coadvisor's signature line [optional]
+%	[\cochairperson{name, title}]	% synonym to \coadvisor [optional]
+%
+%	\committeemember{name, title}
+%
+%	... (as many as you want) ...
+%
+%	\committeemember{name, title}
+%
+%	\end{committeesignature}	% ends the committee signature page
+%
+%   For M.S. Thesis,
+%	\begin{committeesignature}
+%	\advisor{Prof. Foo Bar, Ph.D.}
+%	\end{committeesignature}
+%
+%   For Ph.D. Thesis,
+%	\begin{committeesignature}[4]	    % 4 committee members.
+%	\advisor{Prof. Foo Bar, Ph.D.}
+%	\committeemember{Prof. Abc Def, Ph.D.}
+%	\committeemember{Prof. Xyz Uvw, Ph.D.}
+%	\committeemember{Prof. Bar Foo, Ph.D.}
+%	\end{committeesignature}
+%
+\newenvironment{committeesignature}[1][5]
+   {\baselineskip 18pt
+    \if@twocolumn
+	\@restonecoltrue
+	\onecolumn
+    \else
+	\clearpage
+	\@restonecolfalse
+    \fi
+    \if@proposal\else
+	\typeout{ COMMITTEE SIGNATURE PAGE }
+	\@makeschapterhead{COMMITTEE SIGNATURE PAGE}
+	\vspace{12pt}
+	\if@msthesis\vspace{24pt}\fi
+	\if@phdthesis
+	    \vspace{-30pt}
+	    \begin{center}
+		This dissertation was presented\\[4pt]
+		by\\[4pt]
+		\underline{\quad\@author\quad}\\[12pt]
+		It was defended on\\[4pt]
+		\underline{\quad\@date\quad}\\[10pt]
+		and approved by
+		\ifnum#1>5\\[36pt]	    % 6 members
+		\else\ifnum#1>4\\[36pt]     % 5
+		\else\ifnum#1>3\\[54pt]     % 4
+		\else\\[72pt]\fi\fi\fi	    % 3 or less
+	    \end{center}
+	\fi
+    \fi
+    \if@pittstd
+	\ifnum#1>5\def\tempskip{-16pt}	    % 6 members
+	\else\ifnum#1>4\def\tempskip{0pt}   % 5
+	\else\ifnum#1>3\def\tempskip{4pt}   % 4
+	\else\def\tempskip{8pt}\fi\fi\fi    % 3 or less
+    \else
+	\ifnum#1>5\def\tempskip{-12pt}	    % 6 members
+	\else\ifnum#1>4\def\tempskip{5pt}   % 5
+	\else\ifnum#1>3\def\tempskip{10pt}  % 4
+	\else\def\tempskip{15pt}\fi\fi\fi   % 3 or less
+    \fi
+   } {}
+
+\if@phdthesis	    % if Ph.D. thesis
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+% Ph.D. Committee Signatures
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  \def\@authortitle{Ph.D.}  % Author's title
+  \def\@chairperson{}	    % Chairperson's name (advisor)
+  \def\@cochairperson{}     % co-chairperson's name
+  \def\@committee{}	    % committee member name
+
+  \def\chairpersonname#1{\def\@chairperson{#1}} % define name only
+  \let\advisorname\chairpersonname
+
+  \def\chairperson#1{\def\@chairperson{#1}\def\@committee{#1}
+    \if@proposal\else
+      \@phdcommittee{Chairperson}
+    \fi}
+
+  \def\cochairperson#1{\def\@cochairperson{#1}\def\@committee{#1}
+    \if@proposal\else
+      \@phdcommittee{Co-chairperson}
+    \fi}
+
+  \let\advisor\chairperson
+  \let\@advisor\@chairperson
+  \let\coadvisor\cochairperson
+  \let\@coadvisor\@cochairperson
+
+  \def\committeemember#1{\def\@committee{#1}
+    \if@proposal\else
+      \@phdcommittee{Member}
+    \fi}
+
+  \if@proposal\else
+    \def\@phdcommittee#1{
+	\begin{tabbing}
+	  (Signature) \= \@signedrule{5in} \\[-0.5ex]	% set tab by \=
+		      \> Committee {#1} \\[-0.7ex]	% move to tabs.
+		      \> \@committee \\[\tempskip]
+	\end{tabbing}
+      }
+  \fi
+\else	    % if not Ph.D. thesis
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+% M.S. Committee Signatures
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  \if@pitteng
+    \def\@authortitle{M.S.}
+  \else
+    \def\@authortitle{M.A.}
+  \fi
+  \def\@advisor{}
+  \def\advisorname#1{\def\@advisor{#1}} 	% define name only
+
+  \def\advisor#1{\def\@advisor{#1}\def\@committee{#1}
+    \if@proposal\else
+      \@mscommittee{Advisor}
+    \fi}
+  \def\@coadvisor{}
+  \def\coadvisor#1{\def\@coadvisor{#1}\def\@committee{#1}
+    \if@proposal\else
+      \@mscommittee{Co-advisor}
+    \fi}
+  \def\@committee{}
+  \def\committeemember#1{\def\@committee{#1}
+    \if@proposal\else
+      \@mscommittee{Committee Member}
+    \fi}
+
+  \let\chairperson\advisor
+  \let\@chairperson\@advisor
+  \let\cochairperson\coadvisor
+  \let\@cochairperson\@coadvisor
+  \let\chairpersonname\advisorname
+
+  \if@proposal\else
+    \def\@mscommittee#1{
+      \begin{tabbing}
+	  \hspace{2.5in} \= \hspace{0.9in} \= \kill	% set tabs by \=
+	  {\@committee} \\[-2.5ex]
+	  \@signedrule{2.5in} \> \> \@signedrule{2.5in} \\[-.5ex]  % move to tabs.
+	  {#1}		      \> \> Signature \\
+      \end{tabbing}
+    }
+  \fi
+\fi
+
+\def\authortitle#1{\def\@authortitle{#1}}
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%  ABSTRACT PAGE
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\renewcommand\abstract{{
+    \baselineskip 18pt
+    \typeout{ ABSTRACT }
+    \if@twocolumn
+	\@restonecoltrue
+	\onecolumn
+    \else
+	\clearpage
+	\@restonecolfalse
+    \fi
+    \null		% \null itself has a line space + extra
+    \if@pitteng
+	\vspace{1in}
+    \fi
+    \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{ABSTRACT}
+    \@makeschapterhead{ABSTRACT}
+    \vskip 1em
+    \if@proposal\else		% if not proposal (i.e. thesis)
+	\noindent\hspace{3in}\raisebox{0.75ex}{Signature} \signedrule\par
+	\settowidth{\stringlen}{Signature}%
+	\if@phdthesis
+	    \if{\@chairperson}{}\else
+		\vspace*{-2ex}\noindent\hspace{3in} \hspace{\stringlen} \@chairperson\par
+	    \fi
+	\else
+	    \if{\@advisor}{}\else
+		\vspace*{-2ex}\noindent\hspace{3in} \hspace{\stringlen} \@advisor\par
+	    \fi
+	\fi
+	\nobreak %
+	\vspace*{2.5ex} %
+	\begin{center}
+	    \textbf{{\@title}} \par \vspace{5ex}
+	    {\@author} \if{\@authortitle}{}
+	    \else{,\ \@authortitle} \fi \par
+	    \if@pitteng 		    % Pitt Engineering
+		{\@university} \par
+	    \else			    % Pitt Standard
+		{\@university, \@year} \par
+	    \fi
+	\end{center}
+	\vspace*{2ex}
+    \fi
+}}
+
+% The macros for the  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS and FOREWORDS
+
+\def\acknowledgments{\chapter*{ACKNOWLEDGMENTS}}
+\def\forewords{\chapter*{FOREWORDS}}
+\def\preface{\chapter*{PREFACE}}
+\let\acknowledgements\acknowledgments
+
+%    ****************************************
+%    *		 INITIALIZATION 	    *
+%    ****************************************
+%
+% Default initializations
+
+\newlength\stringlen	    % To measure string length: \settowidth{\stringlen}{text string}
+			    % Used in pitteng.clo to align texts by \hspace{\stringlen}
+
+\input{pitt\@pitthesis.clo}
+
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \baselineskip \@pitthesislinespacing	% default line spacing is 1.5 lines.
+  \parskip 4pt plus 10pt	% the distance between paragraphes
+  \clubpenalty4000		% To remove orphan (single line at bottom of page) and
+  \@clubpenalty \clubpenalty	% widow (single line at top of page).
+  \widowpenalty4000%		% -- Wonkoo Kim (wkim+@pitt.edu)
+  \onecolumn			% start thesis in one column even if twocolumn was chosen.
+}
+
+\gdef\@university{University of Pittsburgh}
+
+\proposal{Ph.D. Dissertation Proposal}
+
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `pitthesis.cls'.
-- 
cgit v1.2.3

