From 111dc5512e3db14318e26b6700731c68c41c1724 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Norbert Preining <norbert@preining.info>
Date: Mon, 16 Sep 2019 03:00:57 +0000
Subject: CTAN sync 201909160300

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-% \iffalse meta-comment
-%
-% Copyright 1993-2019 
-%
-% The LaTeX3 Project and any individual authors listed elsewhere
-% in this file. 
-% 
-% This file is part of the LaTeX base system.
-% -------------------------------------------
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-% It may be distributed and/or modified under the
-% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c
-% of this license or (at your option) any later version.
-% The latest version of this license is in
-%    http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
-% and version 1.3c or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX 
-% version 2005/12/01 or later.
-% 
-% This file has the LPPL maintenance status "maintained".
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-% The list of all files belonging to the LaTeX base distribution is
-% given in the file `manifest.txt'. See also `legal.txt' for additional
-% information.
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-% The list of derived (unpacked) files belonging to the distribution 
-% and covered by LPPL is defined by the unpacking scripts (with 
-% extension .ins) which are part of the distribution.
-% 
-% \fi
-% Filename: fntguide.tex
- 
-\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
- 
-\documentclass{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
- 
-\title{\LaTeXe{} font selection}
- 
-\author{\copyright~Copyright 1995--2019, \LaTeX3 Project Team.\\
-   All rights reserved.}
- 
-\date{July 2019}
- 
-\begin{document}
- 
-\maketitle
- 
-\tableofcontents
- 
-\section{Introduction}
- 
-This document describes the new font selection features of the \LaTeX{}
-Document Preparation System.  It is intended for package writers who
-want to write font-loading packages similar to |times| or |latexsym|.
-
-This document is only a brief introduction to the new facilities and
-is intended for package writers who are familiar with \TeX{} fonts and
-\LaTeX{} packages.  It is \emph{neither} a user-guide \emph{nor} a
-reference manual for fonts in \LaTeXe.
- 
-\subsection{\LaTeXe~fonts}
- 
-The most important difference between \LaTeX~2.09 and \LaTeXe{} is the
-way that fonts are selected.  In \LaTeX~2.09, the Computer Modern fonts
-were built into the \LaTeX~format, and so customizing \LaTeX{} to use
-other fonts was a major effort.
- 
-In \LaTeXe, very few fonts are built into the format, and there are
-commands to load new text and math fonts.  Packages such as |times| or
-|latexsym| allow authors to access these fonts.
-This document describes how to write similar font-loading packages.
- 
-The \LaTeXe{} font selection system was first released as the `New Font
-Selection Scheme' (NFSS) in 1989, and then in release~2 in 1993.
-\LaTeXe{} includes NFSS release~2 as standard.
- 
-\subsection{Overview}
- 
-This document contains an overview of the new font commands
-of \LaTeX.
- 
-\begin{description}
- 
-\item[Section~\ref{Sec:text}] describes the commands for selecting fonts
-   in classes and packages.  It lists the five \LaTeX{} font
-   attributes, and lists the commands for selecting fonts.  It also
-   describes how to customize the author commands such as |\textrm| and
-   |\textit| to suit your document design.
- 
-\item[Section~\ref{Sec:math}] explains the commands for controlling
-   \LaTeX{} math fonts.  It describes how to specify new math fonts and
-   new math symbols.
- 
-\item[Section~\ref{Sec:install}] explains how to install new fonts into
-   \LaTeX.  It shows how \LaTeX{} font attributes are turned into \TeX{}
-   font names, and how to specify your own fonts using font definition
-   files.
- 
-\item[Section~\ref{Sec:encode}] discusses text font encodings.
-   It describes how to declare a new encoding and how to define
-   commands, such as |\AE| or |\"|, which have different definitions in
-   different encodings, depending on whether ligatures, etc.\ are
-   available in the encoding.
- 
-\item[Section~\ref{Sec:misc}] covers font miscellanea.  It describes how
-   \LaTeX{} performs font substitution, how to customize fonts that are
-   preloaded in the \LaTeX{} format, and the naming conventions used in
-   \LaTeX{} font selection.
- 
-\end{description}
- 
-\subsection{Further information}
- 
-For a general introduction to \LaTeX, including the new features of
-\LaTeXe, you should read \emph{\LaTeXbook},
-Leslie Lamport, Addison Wesley, 2nd~ed, 1994.
- 
-A more detailed description of the \LaTeX{} font selection scheme is to
-be found in \emph{\LaTeXcomp}, 2nd~ed, by Mittelbach and Goossens, Addison
-Wesley, 2004.
- 
-The \LaTeX{} font selection scheme is based on \TeX, which is described
-by its developer in \emph{The \TeX book}, Donald E.~Knuth, Addison
-Wesley, 1986, revised in 1991 to include the features of \TeX~3.
- 
-Sebastian Rahtz's |psnfss| software contains the software for using a
-large number of Type~1 fonts (including the Adobe Laser Writer 35 and
-the Monotype CD-ROM fonts) in \LaTeX.  It should be available from the
-same source as your copy of \LaTeX.
- 
-The |psnfss| software uses fonts generated by Alan Jeffrey's
-|fontinst| software.  This can convert fonts from Adobe Font Metric
-format into a format readable by \LaTeX, including the generation of
-the font definition files described in Section~\ref{Sec:install}.  The
-|fontinst| software should be available from the same source as your
-copy of \LaTeX.
- 
-Whenever practical, \LaTeX{} uses the font naming scheme called
-`fontname'; this was described in \emph{Filenames for fonts},%
-\footnote{An up-to-date electronic version
-of this document can be found on any CTAN server, in the directory
-\texttt{info/fontname}.}
-\emph{TUGboat}~11(4),~1990.
-
-The class-writer's guide \emph{\clsguide} describes
-the new \LaTeX{} features for writers of document classes and packages
-and is kept in |clsguide.tex|. Configuring
-\LaTeX{} is covered by the guide \emph{\cfgguide} in
-\texttt{cfgguide.tex} whilst the philosophy behind our policy on 
-modifying \LaTeX{} is described in \emph{\modguide} in
-\texttt{modguide.tex}.
- 
-The documented source code (from the files used to produce
-the kernel format via |latex.ltx|) is now available as
-\emph{The \LaTeXe\ Sources}.
-This very large document also includes an index of \LaTeX{}
-commands.  It can be typeset from the \LaTeX{} file |source2e.tex|
-in the |base| directory; this uses the class file |ltxdoc.cls|.
-
-For more information about \TeX{} and \LaTeX{}, please contact your
-local \TeX{} Users Group, or the international \TeX{} Users Group.
-Addresses and other details can be found at:
-\begin{quote}\small\label{addrs}
-    \texttt{http://www.tug.org/lugs.html}
-\end{quote}
-
-
-\section{Text fonts}
-\label{Sec:text}
- 
-This section describes the commands available to class and package
-writers for specifying and selecting fonts.
- 
-\subsection{Text font attributes}
- 
-Every text font in \LaTeX{} has five \emph{attributes}:
-\begin{description}
- 
-\item[encoding] This specifies the order that characters appear in the
-   font.  The two most common text encodings used in \LaTeX{} are
-   Knuth's `\TeX{} text' encoding, and the `\TeX{} text extended'
-   encoding developed by the \TeX{} Users Group members during a \TeX{}
-   Conference at Cork in~1990 (hence its informal name `Cork encoding').
- 
-\item[family] The name for a collection of fonts, usually grouped under
-   a common name by the font foundry.  For example, `Adobe Times', `ITC
-   Garamond', and Knuth's `Computer Modern Roman' are all font families.
- 
-\item[series] How heavy and/or expanded a font is.  For example, `medium
-   weight', `narrow' and `bold extended' are all series.
- 
-\item[shape] The form of the letters within a font family.  For
-   example, `italic', `oblique' and `upright' (sometimes called
-   `roman') are all font shapes.
- 
-\item[size] The design size of the font, for example `10pt'. If no
-   dimension is specified, `pt' is assumed.
- 
-\end{description}
-The possible values for these attributes are given short acronyms by
-\LaTeX.  The most common values for the font encoding are:
-\begin{center}
-\begin{minipage}{.7\linewidth}
-   \begin{tabular}{rl}
-      |OT1|   & \TeX{} text  \\
-      |T1|    & \TeX{} extended text \\
-      |OML|   & \TeX{} math italic \\
-      |OMS|   & \TeX{} math symbols \\
-      |OMX|   & \TeX{} math large symbols \\
-      |U|     & Unknown \\
-      |L<xx>| & A local encoding
-   \end{tabular}
-\end{minipage}
-\end{center}
-The `local' encodings are intended for font encodings which are only
-locally available, for example a font containing an organization's
-logo in various sizes.
- 
-There are far too many font families to list them all, but some common
-ones are:
-\begin{center}
-\begin{minipage}{.7\linewidth}
-   \begin{tabular}{rl}
-      |cmr|  & Computer Modern Roman \\
-      |cmss| & Computer Modern Sans \\
-      |cmtt| & Computer Modern Typewriter \\
-      |cmm|  & Computer Modern Math Italic \\
-      |cmsy| & Computer Modern Math Symbols \\
-      |cmex| & Computer Modern Math Extensions \\
-      |ptm|  & Adobe Times \\
-      |phv|  & Adobe Helvetica \\
-      |pcr|  & Adobe Courier
-   \end{tabular}
-\end{minipage}
-\end{center}
-\NEWdescription{2019/07/10}
-The font series is denoting a combination of the weight (boldness) and
-the width (amount of expansion).  The standard supported for weights
-and widths are:
-\begin{center}
-%\begin{minipage}{.7\linewidth}
-   \begin{tabular}{rl}
-  |ul| &       Ultra Light     \\
-  |el| &       Extra Light     \\
-  |l|  &       Light          \\
-  |sl| &       Semi Light      \\
-  |m|  &       Medium (normal)\\
-  |sb| &       Semi Bold       \\
-  |b|  &       Bold           \\
-  |eb| &       Extra Bold      \\
-  |ub| &       Ultra Bold      \\
-   \end{tabular}
-\qquad
-   \begin{tabular}{rlr}
-       |uc|  &       Ultra Condensed  &  50\%    \\
-       |ec|  &       Extra Condensed  &  62.5\%  \\
-       |c|   &       Condensed       &  75\%    \\
-       |sc|  &       Semi Condensed   &  87.5\%  \\
-        |m|  &       Medium          &  100\%   \\
-       |sx|  &       Semi Expanded    &  112.5\% \\
-        |x|  &       Expanded        &  125\%   \\
-       |ex|  &       Extra Expanded   &  150\%   \\
-       |ux|  &       Ultra Expanded   &  200\%   \\
-   \end{tabular}
-\end{center}
-These are concatenated to a single series value except that |m| is
-dropped unless both weight and width are medium in which case a single
-|m| is used.
-
-\newpage
-
-Examples for series values are then:
-\begin{center}
-\begin{minipage}{.7\linewidth}
-   \begin{tabular}{rl}
-      |m|    & Medium weight and width  \\
-      |b|    & Bold weight, medium width  \\
-      |bx|   & Bold extended \\
-      |sb|   & Semi-bold, medium width\\
-      |sbx|   & Semi-bold extended\\
-      |c|    & Medium weight, condensed width
-   \end{tabular}
-\end{minipage}
-\end{center}
-\NEWdescription{2019/07/10}
-Note, that there are a large variety of names floating around like
-``regular'', ``black'', ``demi-bold'', ``thin'', ``heavy'' and many
-more. If at all possible they should be matched into the standard
-naming scheme to allow for sensible default substitutions if
-necessary, e.g., ``demi-bold'' is normally just another name for
-``semi-bold'', so should get |sb| assigned, etc.
-
-The most common values for the font shape are:
-\begin{center}
-\begin{minipage}{.7\linewidth}
-   \begin{tabular}{rl}
-      |n|    & Normal (that is `upright' or `roman') \\
-      |it|   & Italic \\
-      |sl|   & Slanted (or `oblique') \\
-      |sc|   & Caps and small caps
-   \end{tabular}
-\end{minipage}
-\end{center}
-The font size is specified as a dimension, for example |10pt| or
-|1.5in| or |3mm|; if no unit is specified, |pt| is assumed.  These five
-parameters specify every \LaTeX{} font, for example:
-\begin{center}
-   \begin{tabular}{@{}r@{\,}l@{\,}c@{\,}c@{\,}cc@{}r@{}}
-      \multicolumn{5}{@{}c}{\emph{\LaTeX{} specification}} &
-      \emph{Font} &
-      \emph{\TeX{} font name} \\
-      |OT1| & |cmr| & |m| & |n| & |10| &
-      Computer Modern Roman 10 point &
-      |cmr10| \\
-      |OT1| & |cmss| & |m| & |sl| & |1pc| &
-      Computer Modern Sans Oblique 1 pica &
-      |cmssi12| \\
-      |OML| & |cmm| & |m| & |it| & |10pt| &
-      Computer Modern Math Italic 10 point &
-      |cmmi10| \\
-      |T1| & |ptm| & |b| & |it| & |1in| &
-      Adobe Times Bold Italic 1 inch &
-      |ptmb8t at 1in|
-   \end{tabular}
-\end{center}
-These five parameters are displayed whenever \LaTeX{} gives an overfull
-box warning, for example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   Overfull \hbox (3.80855pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 314--318
-   []\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 Normally [] and [] will be iden-ti-cal,
-\end{verbatim}
-The author commands for fonts set the five attributes:
-\begin{center}
-   \begin{tabular}{rcl}
-      \emph{Author command} &
-      \emph{Attribute} &
-      \emph{Value in} |article| \emph{class} \\
-      |\textnormal{..}| or |\normalfont|    & family & |cmr| \\
-      |\textrm{..}| or |\rmfamily|    & family & |cmr| \\
-      |\textsf{..}| or |\sffamily|    & family & |cmss| \\
-      |\texttt{..}| or |\ttfamily|    & family & |cmtt| \\
-      |\textmd{..}| or |\mdseries|    & series & |m| \\
-      |\textbf{..}| or |\bfseries|    & series & |bx| \\
-      |\textup{..}| or |\upshape|     & shape  & |n| \\
-      |\textit{..}| or |\itshape|     & shape  & |it| \\
-      |\textsl{..}| or |\slshape|     & shape  & |sl| \\
-      |\textsc{..}| or |\scshape|     & shape  & |sc| \\
-      |\tiny|         & size   & |5pt| \\
-      |\scriptsize|   & size   & |7pt| \\
-      |\footnotesize| & size   & |8pt| \\
-      |\small|        & size   & |9pt| \\
-      |\normalsize|   & size   & |10pt| \\
-      |\large|        & size   & |12pt| \\
-      |\Large|        & size   & |14.4pt| \\
-      |\LARGE|        & size   & |17.28pt| \\
-      |\huge|         & size   & |20.74pt| \\
-      |\Huge|         & size   & |24.88pt|
-   \end{tabular}
-\end{center}
-The values used by these commands are determined by the document class,
-using the parameters defined in Section~\ref{Sec:text.param}.
- 
-Note that there are no author commands for selecting new encodings.
-These should be provided by packages, such as the |fontenc| package.
- 
-This section does not explain how \LaTeX{} font specifications are
-turned into \TeX{} font names.  This is described in
-Section~\ref{Sec:install}.
- 
-\subsection{Selection commands}
- 
-The low-level commands used to select a text font are as follows.
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\fontencoding| \arg{encoding} \\
-|\fontfamily|  \arg{family}\\
-|\fontseries| \arg{series}\\
-|\fontshape| \arg{shape}\\
-|\fontsize| \arg{size} \arg{baselineskip}\\
-|\linespread| \arg{factor}
-\end{decl}
- 
-\NEWdescription{1998/12/01}
-Each of the commands starting with |\font...| sets one of the font
-attributes; |\fontsize| also sets |\baselineskip|. The |\linespread|
-command prepares to multiply the current (or newly defined)
-|\baselineskip| with \m{factor} (e.g., spreads the lines apart for
-values greater one).
-
-The actual font in use is not altered by these commands, but the
-current attributes are used to determine which font and baseline skip
-to use after the next |\selectfont| command.
- 
-
-\begin{decl}
-|\selectfont|
-\end{decl}
-Selects a text font, based on the current values of the font attributes.
- 
-\emph{Warning}: There \emph{must} be a |\selectfont| command
-immediately after any settings of the font parameters by (some of)
-the six commands above, before any following text.
-For example, it is legal to say:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \fontfamily{ptm}\fontseries{b}\selectfont Some text.
-\end{verbatim}
-but it is \emph{not} legal to say:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \fontfamily{ptm} Some \fontseries{b}\selectfont text.
-\end{verbatim}
-You may get unexpected results if you put text between a
-|\font<parameter>| command (or |\linespread|) and a |\selectfont|.
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\usefont| \arg{encoding} \arg{family} \arg{series} \arg{shape}
-\end{decl}
-A short hand for the equivalent |\font...| commands followed by a
-call to |\selectfont|.
- 
- 
-\subsection{Internals}
- 
-The current values of the font attributes are held in internal macros.
- 
-\begin{decl}
-      |\f@encoding| \\
-      |\f@family|  \\
-      |\f@series|  \\
-      |\f@shape|  \\
-      |\f@size|    \\
-      |\f@baselineskip| \\
-      |\tf@size|  \\
-      |\sf@size|  \\
-      |\ssf@size|
-\end{decl}
- 
-These hold the current values of the encoding, the family, the series,
-the shape, the size, the baseline skip, the main math size, the
-`script' math size and the `scriptscript' math size. The last three
-are accessible only within a formula; outside of math they may contain
-arbitrary values.
- 
-For example, to set the size to 12 without
-changing the baseline skip:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \fontsize{12}{\f@baselineskip}
-\end{verbatim}
-However, you should \emph{never} alter the values of the internal
-commands directly; they must only be modified using the low-level
-commands like |\fontfamily|, |\fontseries|, etc. If you disobey this
-warning you might produce code that loops.
- 
-\subsection{Parameters for author commands}
-\label{Sec:text.param}
- 
-The parameter values set by author commands such as |\textrm| and
-|\rmfamily|, etc.\ are not hard-wired into \LaTeX; instead these
-commands use the values of a number of parameters set by the document
-class and packages.  For example, |\rmdefault| is the name of the
-default family selected by |\textrm| and |\rmfamily|. Thus to set a
-document in Adobe Times, Helvetica and Courier, the document designer
-specifies:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \renewcommand{\rmdefault}{ptm}
-   \renewcommand{\sfdefault}{phv}
-   \renewcommand{\ttdefault}{pcr}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
-\begin{decl}
- |\encodingdefault| \\
- |\familydefault|   \\
- |\seriesdefault|   \\
- |\shapedefault|
-\end{decl}
-The encoding, family, series and shape of the main body font.  By
-default these are |OT1|, |\rmdefault|, |m| and |n|.  Note that since
-the default family is |\rmdefault|, this means that changing
-|\rmdefault| will change the main body font of the document.
- 
-\begin{decl}
- |\rmdefault|  \\
- |\sfdefault| \\
- |\ttdefault|
-\end{decl}
-The families selected by |\textrm|, |\rmfamily|, |\textsf|,
-|\sffamily|, |\texttt| and |\ttfamily|.  By default these are |cmr|,
-|cmss| and |cmtt|.
- 
-\begin{decl}
- |\bfdefault| \\
- |\mddefault|
-\end{decl}
-The series selected by |\textbf|, |\bfseries|, |\textmd| and
-|\mdseries|.  By default these are |bx| and |m|.
-These values are suitable for the default families used. If other
-fonts are used as standard document fonts (for example, certain
-PostScript fonts) it might be necessary to adjust the value of
-|\bfdefault| to |b| since only a few such families have a `bold
-extended' series.  An alternative (taken for the fonts provided by
-|psnfss|) is to define silent substitutions from |bx| series to |b|
-series with special |\DeclareFontShape| declarations and the |ssub|
-size function, see Section~\ref{sec:sizefunct}.
- 
- 
-\begin{decl}
- |\itdefault| \\
- |\sldefault| \\
- |\scdefault| \\
- |\updefault|
-\end{decl}
-The shapes selected by |\textit|, |\itshape|, |\textsl|, |\slshape|,
-|\textsc|, |\scshape|, |\textup| and |\upshape|.  By default these are
-|it|, |sl|, |sc| and |n|.
- 
-Note that there are no parameters for the size commands.  These should
-be defined directly in class files, for example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \renewcommand{\normalsize}{\fontsize{10}{12}\selectfont}
-\end{verbatim}
-More elaborate examples (setting additional parameters when the text
-size is changed) can be found in |classes.dtx| the source
-documentation for the classes |article|, |report|, and |book|.
- 
- 
-\subsection{Special font declaration commands}
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareFixedFont| \arg{cmd} \arg{encoding} \arg{family} \arg{series}
-                    \arg{shape} \arg{size}
-\end{decl}
- 
-Declares command \m{cmd} to be a font switch which selects the font
-that is specified by the attributes \m{encoding}, \m{family},
-\m{series}, \m{shape}, and \m{size}.
- 
-The font is selected without any adjustments to baselineskip and other
-surrounding conditions.
- 
-This example makes |{\picturechar .}| select a small dot very quickly:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareFixedFont{\picturechar}{OT1}{cmr}{m}{n}{5}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareTextFontCommand| \arg{cmd} \arg{font-switches}
-\end{decl}
- 
-Declares command \m{cmd} to be a font command with one argument.
-The current font attributes are locally modified by \m{font-switches}
-and then the argument of \m{cmd} is typeset in the resulting new font.
- 
-Commands defined by |\DeclareTextFontCommand| automatically take care
-of any necessary italic correction (on either side).
- 
-The following example shows how |\textrm| is defined by the kernel.
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareTextFontCommand{\textrm}{\rmfamily}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
-To define a command that always typeset its argument in the italic
-shape of the main document font you could declare:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareTextFontCommand{\normalit}{\normalfont\itshape}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
-This declaration can be used to change the meaning of a command; if
-\m{cmd} is already defined, a log that it has been redefined
-is put in the transcript file.
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareOldFontCommand| \arg{cmd} \arg{text-switch}
-                                   \arg{math-switch}
-\end{decl}
- 
-Declares command \m{cmd} to be a font switch (i.e.~used with the
-syntax |{<cmd>...}|) having the definition \m{text-switch}
-when used in text and the definition \m{math-switch} when used in a
-formula.
-Math alphabet commands, like |\mathit|, when used within \m{math-switch}
-should not have an argument.  Their use in this argument causes their
-semantics to change so that they here act as a font switch, as
-required by the usage of the \m{cmd}.
- 
-This declaration is useful for setting up commands like |\rm| to behave
-as they did in \LaTeX~2.09. We strongly urge you \emph{not} to misuse
-this declaration to invent new font commands.
- 
-The following example defines |\it| to produce the italic shape of the
-main document font if used in text and to switch to the font that would
-normally be produced by the math alphabet |\mathit| if used in a
-formula.
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
-This declaration can be used to change the meaning of a command; if
-\m{cmd} is already defined, a log that it has been redefined
-is put in the transcript file.
- 
- 
-\section{Math fonts}
-\label{Sec:math}
- 
-This section describes the commands available to class and package
-writers for specifying math fonts and math commands.
- 
-\subsection{Math font attributes}
- 
-The selection of fonts within math mode is quite different to that of
-text fonts.
- 
-Some math fonts are selected explicitly by one-argument commands such
-as |\mathsf{max}| or |\mathbf{vec}|; such fonts are called \emph{math
-alphabets}.  These math alphabet commands affect only the font used
-for letters and symbols of type |\mathalpha| (see
-Section~\ref{Sec:math.commands}); other symbols within the argument
-will be left unchanged.  The predefined math alphabets are:
-\begin{center}
-   \begin{tabular}{ccc}
-      \emph{Alphabet} & \emph{Description} & \emph{Example} \\
-      |\mathnormal|   & default      & $abcXYZ$ \\
-      |\mathrm|       & roman        & $\mathrm{abcXYZ}$ \\
-      |\mathbf|       & bold roman   & $\mathbf{abcXYZ}$ \\
-      |\mathsf|       & sans serif   & $\mathsf{abcXYZ}$ \\
-      |\mathit|       & text italic  & $\mathit{abcXYZ}$ \\
-      |\mathtt|       & typewriter   & $\mathtt{abcXYZ}$ \\
-      |\mathcal|      & calligraphic & $\mathcal{XYZ}$
-   \end{tabular}
-\end{center}
-Other math fonts are selected implicitly by \TeX{} for symbols, with
-commands such as |\oplus| (producing $\oplus$) or with straight
-characters like |>>| or |+|.  Fonts containing such math symbols are
-called \emph{math symbol fonts}.  The predefined math symbol fonts
-are:
-\begin{center}
-   \begin{tabular}{ccc}
-  \emph{Symbol font} & \emph{Description}         & \emph{Example} \\
-      |operators|    & symbols from |\mathrm|     & $[\;+\;]$ \\
-      |letters|      & symbols from |\mathnormal| & $<<\star>>$ \\
-      |symbols|      & most \LaTeX{} symbols      & $\leq*\geq$ \\
-      |largesymbols| & large symbols              & $\sum\prod\int$
-   \end{tabular}
-\end{center}
-Some math fonts are both \emph{math alphabets} and \emph{math symbol
-fonts}, for example |\mathrm| and |operators| are the same font, and
-|\mathnormal| and |letters| are the same font.
- 
-Math fonts in \LaTeX{} have the same five attributes as text fonts:
-encoding, family, series, shape and size.  However, there are no
-commands that allow the attributes to be individually changed.
-Instead, the conversion from math fonts to these five attributes is
-controlled by the \emph{math version}.  For example, the |normal| math
-version maps:
-\begin{center}
-   \begin{tabular}{rlc@{ }c@{ }c@{ }c}
-      \multicolumn{2}{c}{\emph{Math font}} &
-      \multicolumn{4}{c}{\emph{External font}} \\
-      \emph{Alphabets} & \emph{Symbol fonts} &
-      \multicolumn{4}{c}{\emph{Attributes}} \\
-      |\mathnormal| & |letters|      & |OML| & |cmm|  & |m|  & |it| \\
-      |\mathrm|     & |operators|    & |OT1| & |cmr|  & |m|  & |n|  \\
-      |\mathcal|    & |symbols|      & |OMS| & |cmsy| & |m|  & |n|  \\
-                    & |largesymbols| & |OMX| & |cmex| & |m|  & |n|  \\
-      |\mathbf|     &                & |OT1| & |cmr|  & |bx| & |n|  \\
-      |\mathsf|     &                & |OT1| & |cmss| & |m|  & |n|  \\
-      |\mathit|     &                & |OT1| & |cmr|  & |m|  & |it| \\
-      |\mathtt|     &                & |OT1| & |cmtt| & |m|  & |n|
-   \end{tabular}
-\end{center}
-The |bold| math version is similar except that it contains bold fonts.
-The command |\boldmath| selects the |bold| math version.
- 
-Math versions can only be changed outside of math mode.
- 
-The two predefined math versions are:
-\begin{center}
-   \begin{tabular}{rl}
-      |normal| & the default math version \\
-      |bold|   & the bold math version
-   \end{tabular}
-\end{center}
-Packages may define new math alphabets, math symbol fonts, and math
-versions.  This section describes the commands for writing such
-packages.
- 
-\subsection{Selection commands}
- 
-There are no commands for selecting symbol fonts.  Instead, these are
-selected indirectly through symbol commands like |\oplus|.
-Section~\ref{Sec:math.commands} explains how to define symbol commands.
- 
-\begin{decl}
-      |\mathnormal{<math>}|\\
-      |\mathcal{<math>}|\\
-      |\mathrm{<math>}|\\
-      |\mathbf{<math>}|\\
-      |\mathsf{<math>}|\\
-      |\mathit{<math>}|\\
-      |\mathtt{<math>}|
-\end{decl}
-Each math alphabet is a command which can only be used inside math
-mode.  For example, |$x + \mathsf{y} + \mathcal{Z}$| produces $x +
-\mathsf{y} + \mathcal{Z}$.
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\mathversion{<version>}|
-\end{decl}
-This command selects a math version; it can only be used outside math
-mode.  For example, |\boldmath| is defined to be |\mathversion{bold}|.
- 
-\subsection{Declaring math versions}
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareMathVersion| \arg{version}
-\end{decl}
- 
-Defines \m{version} to be a math version.
- 
-The newly declared version is initialized with the defaults for all
-symbol fonts and math alphabets declared so far (see the commands
-|\DeclareSymbolFont| and |\DeclareMathAlphabet|).
- 
-If used on an already existing version, an information message is
-written to the transcript file and all previous |\SetSymbolFont| or
-|\SetMathAlphabet| declarations for this version are overwritten by
-the math alphabet and symbol font defaults, i.e.~one ends up with a
-virgin math version.
- 
-Example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareMathVersion{normal}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
- 
-\subsection{Declaring math alphabets}
-
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareMathAlphabet| \arg{math-alph} \arg{encoding} \arg{family}
-                       \arg{series} \arg{shape}
-\end{decl}
- 
-\NEWdescription{1997/12/01}
-If this is the first declaration for \m{math-alph} then a new math
-alphabet with this as its command name is created.
- 
-The arguments \m{encoding} \m{family} \m{series} \m{shape} are used to
-set, or reset, the default values for this math alphabet in all math
-versions; if required, these must be further reset later for a
-particular math version by a |\SetMathAlphabet| command.
-
-If \m{shape} is empty then this \m{math-alph} is declared to be invalid
-in all versions, unless it is set by a later |\SetMathAlphabet|
-command for a particular math version.
-
-Checks that the command \m{math-alph} is either already a math
-alphabet command or is undefined; and that \m{encoding} is a known
-encoding scheme, i.e., has been previously declared.
- 
-
-In these examples, |\foo| is defined for all math versions but |\baz|,
-by default, is defined nowhere.
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareMathAlphabet{\foo}{OT1}{cmtt}{m}{n}
-   \DeclareMathAlphabet{\baz}{OT1}{}{}{}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\SetMathAlphabet| \arg{math-alph} \arg{version}\\
-        \null\hfill\arg{encoding} \arg{family} \arg{series} \arg{shape}
-\end{decl}
- 
-Changes, or sets, the font for the math alphabet \m{math-alph} in math
-version \m{version} to \m{encoding}\m{family}\m{series}\m{shape}.
- 
-Checks that \m{math-alph} has been declared as a math alphabet, 
-\m{version} is a known math version and \m{encoding} is a known
-encoding scheme.
- 
-
-This example defines |\baz| for the `normal' math version only:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \SetMathAlphabet{\baz}{normal}{OT1}{cmss}{m}{n}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
-Note that this declaration is not used for all math alphabets:
-Section~\ref{sec:symalph} describes |\DeclareSymbolFontAlphabet|,
-which is used to set up math alphabets contained in fonts which have
-been declared as symbol fonts.
- 
- 
-\subsection{Declaring symbol fonts}
-\label{sec:symalph}
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareSymbolFont| \arg{sym-font} \arg{encoding} \arg{family}
-                     \arg{series} \arg{shape}
-\end{decl}
- 
-\NEWdescription{1997/12/01}
-If this is the first declaration for \m{sym-font} then a new
-symbol font with this name is created (i.e.~this identifier is assigned
-to a new \TeX{} math group).
- 
-The arguments \m{encoding} \m{family} \m{series} \m{shape} are used to
-set, or reset. the default values for this symbol font in \emph{all}
-math versions; if required, these must be further reset later for
-a particular math version by a |\SetSymbolFont| command.
- 
-Checks that \m{encoding} is a declared encoding scheme.
- 
- 
-For example, the following sets up the first four standard math symbol
-fonts:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareSymbolFont{operators}{OT1}{cmr}{m}{n}
-   \DeclareSymbolFont{letters}{OML}{cmm}{m}{it}
-   \DeclareSymbolFont{symbols}{OMS}{cmsy}{m}{n}
-   \DeclareSymbolFont{largesymbols}{OMX}{cmex}{m}{n}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\SetSymbolFont| \arg{sym-font} \arg{version}\\
-     \null\hfill \arg{encoding} \arg{family} \arg{series} \arg{shape}
-\end{decl}
- 
-Changes the symbol font \m{sym-font} for math version \m{version}
-to \m{encoding} \m{family} \m{series} \m{shape}.
- 
-Checks that \m{sym-font} has been declared as a symbol font,  
-\m{version} is a known math version and \m{encoding} is a
-declared encoding scheme.
- 
-
-For example, the following come from the set up of the `bold'
-math version:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \SetSymbolFont{operators}{bold}{OT1}{cmr}{bx}{n}
-   \SetSymbolFont{letters}{bold}{OML}{cmm}{b}{it}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareSymbolFontAlphabet| \arg{math-alph} \arg{sym-font}
-\end{decl}
- 
-\NEWdescription{1997/12/01}
-Allows the previously declared symbol font \m{sym-font} to be the
-math alphabet with command \m{math-alph} in \emph{all} math versions.
- 
-Checks that the command \m{math-alph} is either already a math alphabet
-command or is undefined; and that \m{sym-font} is a symbol font.
- 
-
-Example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareSymbolFontAlphabet{\mathrm}{operators}
-   \DeclareSymbolFontAlphabet{\mathcal}{symbols}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
-This declaration should be used in preference to
-|\DeclareMathAlphabet| and |\SetMathAlphabet| when a math alphabet is
-the same as a symbol font; this is because it makes better use of the
-limited number (only 16) of \TeX's math groups.
- 
-\NEWdescription{1997/12/01}
-Note that, whereas a \TeX{} math group is allocated to each symbol font
-when it is first declared, a math alphabet uses a \TeX{} math group
-only when its command is used within a math formula.
-
-
-\subsection{Declaring math symbols}
-\label{Sec:math.commands}
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareMathSymbol| \arg{symbol} \arg{type} \arg{sym-font}
-                     \arg{slot}
-\end{decl}
- 
-The \m{symbol} can be either a single character such as `|>>|', or a
-macro name, such as |\sum|.
- 
-Defines the \m{symbol} to be a math symbol of type
-\m{type} in slot \m{slot} of symbol font \m{sym-font}. The
-\m{type} can be given as a number or as a command:
-\begin{center}
-   \begin{tabular}{ccc}
-      \emph{Type} & \emph{Meaning} & \emph{Example} \\
-      |0| or |\mathord  | & Ordinary           & $\alpha$ \\
-      |1| or |\mathop   | & Large operator     & $\sum$ \\
-      |2| or |\mathbin  | & Binary operation   & $\times$ \\
-      |3| or |\mathrel  | & Relation           & $\leq$ \\
-      |4| or |\mathopen | & Opening            & $\langle$ \\
-      |5| or |\mathclose| & Closing            & $\rangle$ \\
-      |6| or |\mathpunct| & Punctuation        & $;$ \\
-      |7| or |\mathalpha| & Alphabet character & $A$
-   \end{tabular}
-\end{center}
-Only symbols of type |\mathalpha| will be affected by math alphabet
-commands: within the argument of a math alphabet command they will
-produce the character in slot \m{slot} of that math alphabet's font.
-Symbols of other types will always produce the same symbol
-(within one math version).
- 
-|\DeclareMathSymbol| allows a macro \m{symbol} to be redefined only if
-it was previously defined to be a math symbol.  It also checks that
-the \m{sym-font} is a declared symbol font.
- 
-Example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareMathSymbol{\alpha}{0}{letters}{"0B}
-   \DeclareMathSymbol{\lessdot}{\mathbin}{AMSb}{"0C}
-   \DeclareMathSymbol{\alphld}{\mathalpha}{AMSb}{"0C}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
-\begin{decl}
- |\DeclareMathDelimiter| \arg{cmd}   \arg{type}
-               \arg{sym-font-1} \arg{slot-1}\\
-  \null\hfill  \arg{sym-font-2} \arg{slot-2}
-\end{decl}
-Defines \m{cmd} to be a math delimiter where the small variant is in
-slot \m{slot-1} of symbol font \m{sym-font-1} and the large
-variant is in slot \m{slot-2} of symbol font \m{sym-font-2}.
-Both symbol fonts must have been declared previously.
- 
-Checks that \m{sym-font-i} are both declared symbol fonts.
- 
-If \TeX{} is not looking for a delimiter, \m{cmd} is treated just as
-if it had been defined with |\DeclareMathSymbol| using
-\m{type}, \m{sym-font-1} and \m{slot-1}.  In other words, if a
-command is defined as a delimiter then this automatically defines it
-as a math symbol.
-
-\NEWdescription{1998/06/01}
-In case \m{cmd} is a single character such as `|[|', the same syntax is
-used.  Previously the \arg{type} argument was not present (and thus the
-corresponding math symbol declaration had to be provided separately).
- 
-Example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareMathDelimiter{\langle}{\mathopen}{symbols}{"68}
-                                            {largesymbols}{"0A}
-   \DeclareMathDelimiter{(}      {\mathopen}{operators}{"28}
-                                            {largesymbols}{"00}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareMathAccent| \arg{cmd} \arg{type} \arg{sym-font} \arg{slot}
-\end{decl}
- 
-Defines \m{cmd} to act as a math accent.
- 
-The accent character comes from slot \m{slot} in
-\m{sym-font}. The \m{type} can be either
-|\mathord| or |\mathalpha|; in the latter case the accent character
-changes font when used in a math alphabet.
- 
-Example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareMathAccent{\acute}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"13}
-   \DeclareMathAccent{\vec}{\mathord}{letters}{"7E}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareMathRadical| \arg{cmd}
-                    \arg{sym-font-1} \arg{slot-1}\\
-       \null\hfill  \arg{sym-font-2} \arg{slot-2}
-\end{decl}
- 
-Defines \m{cmd} to be a radical where the small variant is in
-slot \m{slot-1} of symbol font \m{sym-font-1} and the
-large variant is in slot \m{slot-2} of symbol font
-\m{sym-font-2}.  Both symbol fonts must have been declared
-previously.
- 
-Example (probably the only use for it!):
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareMathRadical{\sqrt}{symbols}{"70}{largesymbols}{"70}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
-\subsection{Declaring math sizes}
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareMathSizes| \arg{t-size} \arg{mt-size} \arg{s-size}
-                    \arg{ss-size}
-\end{decl}
- 
-Declares that \m{mt-size} is the (main) math text size, \m{s-size} is
-the `script' size and \m{ss-size} the `scriptscript' size to be used
-in math, when \m{t-size} is the current text size. For text sizes for
-which no such declaration is given the `script' and `scriptscript'
-size will be calculated and then fonts are loaded for the calculated
-sizes or the best approximation (this may result in a warning
-message).
- 
-Normally, \m{t-size} and \m{mt-size} will be identical; however, if,
-for example, PostScript text fonts are mixed with bit-map math fonts
-then you may not have available a \m{mt-size} for every \m{t-size}.
- 
-Example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareMathSizes{13.82}{14.4}{10}{7}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
-\section{Font installation}
-\label{Sec:install}
- 
-This section explains how \LaTeX's font attributes are turned into
-\TeX{} font specifications.
- 
-\subsection{Font definition files}
- 
-\NEWdescription{1997/12/01}
-The description of how \LaTeX{} font attributes are turned into \TeX{}
-fonts is usually kept in a \emph{font definition file} (|.fd|).  The
-file for family \m{family} in encoding \m{ENC} must be
-called |<enc><family>.fd|: for example, |ot1cmr.fd| for Computer
-Modern Roman with encoding |OT1| or |t1ptm.fd| for Adobe Times with
-encoding |T1|.  Note that encoding names are converted to lowercase
-when used as part of file names.
- 
-Whenever \LaTeX{} encounters an encoding/family combination that it
-does not know (e.g.~if the document designer says
-|\fontfamily{ptm}\selectfont|) then \LaTeX{} attempts to load the
-appropriate |.fd| file.  ``Not known'' means: there was no
-|\DeclareFontFamily| declaration issued for this encoding/family
-combination.  If the |.fd| file could not be found, a warning is
-issued and font substitutions are made.
- 
-The declarations in the font definition file are responsible for
-telling \LaTeX{} how to load fonts for that encoding/family
-combination.  
- 
-\subsection{Font definition file commands}
- 
-\emph{Note}: A font definition file should contain only commands
-from this subsection.
-
-Note that these commands can also be used outside a font definition
-file: they can be put in package or class files, or even in the
-preamble of a document.
- 
-\begin{decl}
-   |\ProvidesFile{<file-name>}[<release-info>]|
-\end{decl}
-The file should announce itself with a |\ProvidesFile| command,
-as described in \emph{\clsguide}.  For example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \ProvidesFile{t1ptm.fd}[1994/06/01 Adobe Times font definitions]
-\end{verbatim}
- 
-Spaces within the arguments specific to font definition files are
-ignored to avoid surplus spaces in the document. If a real space is
-necessary use |\space|.  
-\NEWdescription{2004/02/10}However, note that this is only true if the
-declaration is made at top level! If used within the definition of
-another command, within |\AtBeginDocument|, option code or in similar
-places, then spaces within the argument will remain and may result in
-incorrect table entries.
-
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareFontFamily| \arg{encoding} \arg{family} \arg{loading-settings}
-\end{decl}
- 
-Declares a font family \m{family} to be available in encoding scheme
-\m{encoding}.
- 
-The \m{loading-settings} are executed immediately after loading any
-font with this encoding and family.
- 
-Checks that \m{encoding} was previously declared.
- 
-This example refers to the Computer Modern Typewriter font family in
-the Cork encoding:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareFontFamily{T1}{cmtt}{\hyphenchar\font=-1}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
-Each |.fd| file should contain exactly one |\DeclareFontFamily|
-command, and it should be for the appropriate encoding/family
-combination.
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareFontShape| \arg{encoding} \arg{family} \arg{series}
-                    \arg{shape}\\
-        \null\hfill \arg{loading-info} \arg{loading-settings}
-\end{decl}
- 
-Declares a font shape combination; here \m{loading-info} contains the
-information that combines sizes with external fonts. The syntax is
-complex and is described in Section~\ref{sec:loadinfo} below.
- 
-The \m{loading-settings} are executed after loading any font with this
-font shape.  They are executed immediately after the
-`loading-settings' which were declared by |\DeclareFontFamily| and so
-they can be used to overwrite the settings made at the family level.
- 
-Checks that the combination \m{encoding}\m{family} was previously
-declared via |\DeclareFontFamily|.
- 
-Example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareFontShape{OT1}{cmr}{m}{sl}{%
-             <<5-8>> sub * cmr/m/n
-             <<8>> cmsl8
-             <<9>> cmsl9
-             <<10>> <<10.95>> cmsl10
-             <<12>> <<14.4>> <<17.28>> <<20.74>> <<24.88>> cmsl12
-             }{}
-\end{verbatim}
-The file can contain any number of |\DeclareFontShape| commands,
-which should be for the appropriate \m{encoding} and \m{family}.
- 
-\NEWfeature{1996/06/01}
-The font family declarations for the |OT1|-encoded fonts now all
-contain:
-\begin{verbatim}
-  \hyphenchar\font=`\-
-\end{verbatim}
-This enables the use of an alternative |\hyphenchar| in other encodings
-whilst maintaining the correct value for all fonts.
-
-\subsection{Font file loading information}
-\label{sec:loadinfo}
- 
-The information which tells \LaTeX{} exactly which font (\texttt{.tfm})
-files to load is contained in the \m{loading-info} part of a
-|\DeclareFontShape| declaration. This part consists of one or more
-\m{fontshape-decl}s, each of which has the following form:
- 
-\begin{center}
-\begin{tabular}{r@{ $::=$ }l}
- \m{fontshape-decl} &  \m{size-infos} \m{font-info} \\
- \m{size-infos}     &  \m{size-infos} \m{size-info} $\mid$
-                       \m{size-info} \\
- \m{size-info}      & ``|<<|''  \m{number-or-range} ``|>>|'' \\
- \m{font-info}      & $[$ \m{size-function} ``|*|''  $]$
-                      $[$ ``|[|'' \m{optarg} ``|]|'' $]$ \m{fontarg} \\
-\end{tabular}
-\end{center}
-The \m{number-or-range} denotes the size or size-range
-for which this entry applies.
- 
-If it contains a hyphen it is a
-range: lower bound on the left (if missing, zero implied), upper bound
-on the right (if missing, $\infty$ implied). For ranges, the
-upper bound is \emph{not} included in the range and the lower bound is.
- 
-Examples:
-\begin{center}
-\begin{tabular}{lll}
-   |<<10>>|     &  simple size& 10pt only\\
-   |<<-8>>|     &  range& all sizes less than 8pt\\
-   |<<8-14.4>>| &  range& all sizes greater than or equal to 8pt\\
-              &       & \ but less than 14.4pt\\
-   |<<14.4->>|  &  range& all sizes greater than or equal 14.4pt
-\end{tabular}
-\end{center}
-If more than one \m{size-info} entry follows without any
-intervening \m{font-info}, they all share the next \m{font-info}.
- 
-The \m{size-function}, if present, handles the use of \m{font-info}.
-If not present, the `empty' \m{size-function} is assumed.
- 
-All the \m{size-info}s are inspected in the order in which they appear
-in the font shape declaration. If a \m{size-info} matches the
-requested size, its \m{size-function} is executed. If |\external@font|
-is non-empty afterwards this process stops, otherwise the next
-\m{size-info} is inspected. (See also |\DeclareSizeFunction|.)
- 
-If this process does not lead to a non-empty |\external@font|,
-\LaTeX{} tries the nearest simple size. If the entry contains only
-ranges an error is returned.
- 
- 
-\subsection{Size functions}
-\label{sec:sizefunct}
- 
- 
-\LaTeX{} provides the following size functions, whose `inputs' are
-\m{fontarg} and \m{optarg} (when present).
- 
-\begin{description}
-\item[`' (empty)]
-Load the external font \m{fontarg} at the user-requested size. If
-\m{optarg} is present, it is used as the scale-factor.
- 
-\item[s]
-Like the empty function but without terminal warnings, only
-loggings.
- 
-\item[gen]
-Generates the external font from \m{fontarg} followed by
-the user-requested size, e.g.~|<<8>> <<9>> <<10>> gen * cmtt|
- 
-\item[sgen]
-Like the `gen' function but without terminal warnings, only loggings.
-
-\item[genb]
-\NEWfeature{1995/12/01}
-Generates the external font from \m{fontarg} followed by
-the user-requested size, using the conventions of the `ec' fonts.
-e.g.~|<<10.98>> genb * dctt| produces |dctt1098|.
- 
-\item[sgenb]
-\NEWfeature{1995/12/01}
-Like the `genb' function but without terminal warnings, only loggings.
- 
-\item[sub]
-Tries to load a font from a different font shape declaration given by
-\m{fontarg} in the form \m{family}|/|\m{series}|/|\m{shape}.
- 
-\item[ssub]
-Silent variant of `sub', only loggings.
- 
-\item[subf]
-Like the empty function but issues a warning that it has to substitute
-the external font \m{fontarg} because the desired font shape was not
-available in the requested size.
- 
-\item[ssubf]
-Silent variant of `subf', only loggings.
- 
-\item[fixed]
-Load font \m{fontarg} as is, disregarding the user-requested size.
-If present, \m{optarg} gives the ``at \ldots pt'' size to be used.
- 
-\item[sfixed]
-Silent variant of `fixed', only loggings.
- 
-\end{description}
- 
-Examples for the use of most of the above size functions can be found
-in the file |cmfonts.fdd|---the source for the standard |.fd| files
-describing the Computer Modern fonts by Donald Knuth.
- 
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareSizeFunction| \arg{name} \arg{code}
-\end{decl}
- 
-Declares a size-function \m{name} for use in |\DeclareFontShape|
-commands.  The interface is still under development but there should be
-no real need to a define new size functions.
- 
-The \m{code} is executed when the size or size-range in
-|\DeclareFontShape| matches the user-requested size.
- 
-The arguments of the size-function are automatically parsed and placed
-into |\mandatory@arg| and |\optional@arg| for use in \m{code}. Also
-available, of course, is |\f@size|, which is the user-requested size.
- 
-To signal success \m{code} must define the command |\external@font|
-to contain the external name and any scaling options (if present) for
-the font to be loaded.
- 
-This example sets up the `empty' size function (simplified):
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareSizeFunction{}
-           {\edef\external@font{\mandatory@arg\space at\f@size}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
- 
-\section{Encodings}
-\label{Sec:encode}
- 
-This section explains how to declare and use new font encodings and
-how to declare commands for use with particular encodings.
- 
-\subsection{The \textsf{fontenc} package}
- 
-Users can select new font encodings using the |fontenc| package.  The
-|fontenc| package has options for encodings; the last option becomes
-the default encoding.  For example, to use the |OT2| (Washington
-University Cyrillic encoding) and |T1| encodings, with |T1| as the
-default, an author types:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \usepackage[OT2,T1]{fontenc}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
-\NEWdescription{1997/12/01}
-For each font encoding \m{ENC} given as an option, this package loads
-the \emph{encoding definition} (|<enc>enc.def|, with an all
-lower-case name) file; it also sets |\encodingdefault| to be the last
-encoding in the option list.
- 
-The declarations in the encoding definition file |<enc>enc.def| for
-encoding \m{ENC} are responsible for declaring this encoding and
-telling \LaTeX{} how to produce characters in this encoding; this file
-should contain nothing else (see Section~\ref{Sec:encode.def}.
-
-The standard \LaTeX{} format declares the |OT1| and |T1| text
-encodings by inputting the files |ot1enc.def| and |t1enc.def|; it also
-sets up various defaults which require that |OT1|-encoded fonts are
-available.
-Other encoding set-ups might be added to the distribution at a
-later stage.
- 
-Thus the example above loads the files |ot2enc.def| and |t1enc.def|
-and sets |\encodingdefault| to |T1|.
-
-\emph{Warning}: If you wish to use |T1|-encoded fonts other than the `cmr'
-family then you may need to load the package (e.g.~\texttt{times})
-that selects the fonts \emph{before} loading \texttt{fontenc} (this
-prevents the system from attempting to load any |T1|-encoded fonts from
-the `cmr' family).
-
-
-
-\subsection{Encoding definition file commands}
-\label{Sec:encode.def}
- 
-\emph{Note}: An encoding definition file should contain only commands
-from this subsection.
-
-\NEWdescription{2019/07/10}
-As an exception it may also contain a |\DeclareFontsubstitution|
-declaration (described in \ref{sec:encoding-defaults}) to specify how
-font substitution for this encoding should be handled.  In that case
-it is important that the values used point to a font that is guaranteed
-to be available on all \LaTeX{} installations.\footnote{If the font
-  encoding file is made available as part of a CTAN bundle, that could
-  be a font that is provided together with that bundle, but it should
-  not point to font which requires further installation steps and
-  therefore may or may not be installed.}
-
-
-\NEWdescription{1997/12/01}
-As with the font definition file commands, it is also possible
-(although normally not necessary) to use these declarations directly
-within a class or package file.
-
-\emph{Warning}: Some aspects of the contents of font definition files
-are still under development.  Therefore, the current versions of the
-files |ot1enc.def| and |t1enc.def| are temporary versions and should
-not be used as models for producing further such files.  For further
-information you should read the documentation in |ltoutenc.dtx|.
- 
-\begin{decl}
-   |\ProvidesFile{<file-name>}[<release-info>]|
-\end{decl}
-The file should announce itself with a |\ProvidesFile|
-command, described in \emph{\clsguide}.  For example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \ProvidesFile{ot2enc.def}
-                [1994/06/01 Washington University Cyrillic encoding]
-\end{verbatim}
- 
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareFontEncoding| \arg{encoding} \arg{text-settings}
-                       \arg{math-settings}
-\end{decl}
- 
-Declares a new encoding scheme \m{encoding}.
- 
-The \m{text-settings} are
-declarations which are executed every time |\selectfont| changes the
-encoding to be \m{encoding}.
- 
-The \m{math-settings} are similar but are for math alphabets. They
-are executed whenever a math alphabet with this encoding is
-called.
- 
-\NEWfeature{1998/12/01}
-It also saves the value of \m{encoding} in the macro
-|\LastDeclaredEncoding|.
- 
-Example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareFontEncoding{OT1}{}{}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
-Some author commands need to change their definition depending on
-which encoding is currently in use.  For example, in the |OT1|
-encoding, the letter `\AE' is in slot |"1D|, whereas in the |T1|
-encoding it is in slot |"C6|.  So the definition of |\AE| has to
-change depending on whether the current encoding is |OT1| or |T1|.
-The following commands allow this to happen.
- 
-\begin{decl}
-   |\DeclareTextCommand| \arg{cmd} \arg{encoding}
-   \oarg{num} \oarg{default} \arg{definition}
-\end{decl}
-This command is like |\newcommand|, except that it defines a
-command which is specific to one encoding.  For example, the
-definition of |\k| in the |T1| encoding is:
-\begin{verbatim}
-  \DeclareTextCommand{\k}{T1}[1]
-     {\oalign{\null#1\crcr\hidewidth\char12}}
-\end{verbatim}
-|\DeclareTextCommand| takes the same optional arguments as
-|\newcommand|.
- 
-The resulting command is
-robust, even if the code in \m{definition} is fragile.
- 
-It does not produce an error if the command has already
-been defined but logs the redefinition in the transcript file.
- 
-\begin{decl}[1994/12/01]
-   |\ProvideTextCommand| \arg{cmd} \arg{encoding}
-   \oarg{num} \oarg{default} \arg{definition}
-\end{decl}
-This command is the same as |\DeclareTextCommand|, except that
-if \m{cmd} is already defined in encoding \m{encoding}, then the
-definition is ignored.
- 
-\begin{decl}
-   |\DeclareTextSymbol| \arg{cmd} \arg{encoding} \arg{slot}
-\end{decl}
-This command defines a text symbol with slot \m{slot} in the
-encoding.  For example, the definition of |\ss| in the |OT1| encoding
-is:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareTextSymbol{\ss}{OT1}{25}
-\end{verbatim}
-It does not produce an error if the command has already
-been defined but logs the redefinition in the transcript file.
- 
-\begin{decl}
-   |\DeclareTextAccent| \arg{cmd} \arg{encoding} \arg{slot}
-\end{decl}
-This command declares a text accent, with the accent taken from slot
-\m{slot} in the encoding.  For example, the definition of |\"| in
-the |OT1| encoding is:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareTextAccent{\"}{OT1}{127}
-\end{verbatim}
-It does not produce an error if the command has already
-been defined but logs the redefinition in the transcript file.
- 
-\begin{decl}
-   |\DeclareTextComposite| \arg{cmd} \arg{encoding} \arg{letter}
-                           \arg{slot}
-\end{decl}
-This command declares that the composite letter formed from applying
-\m{cmd} to \m{letter} is defined to be simply slot \m{slot} in the
-encoding.   The \m{letter} should be a single letter (such as |a|) or
-a single command (such as |\i|).
- 
- 
-For example, the definition of |\'{a}|
-in the |T1| encoding could be declared like this:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareTextComposite{\'}{T1}{a}{225}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
-The \m{cmd} will normally have been previously declared
-for this encoding, either by using
-|\DeclareTextAccent|, or as a one-argument |\DeclareTextCommand|.
- 
-\begin{decl}[1994/12/01]
-   |\DeclareTextCompositeCommand| \arg{cmd} \arg{encoding} \arg{letter}
-                           \arg{definition}
-\end{decl}
-This is a more general form of |\DeclareTextComposite|, which allows
-for an arbitrary \m{definition}, not just a \m{slot}.  The main use
-for this is to allow accents on |i| to act like accents on |\i|, for
-example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\'}{OT1}{i}{\'\i}
-\end{verbatim}
-It has the same restrictions as |\DeclareTextComposite|.
-
-
-\begin{decl}[1998/12/01]
-   |\LastDeclaredEncoding|
-\end{decl}
-This holds the name of the last encoding declared via
-|\DeclareFontEncoding| (this should also be the currently most
-efficient encoding).  It can be used in the \m{encoding} argument
-of the above declarations in place of explicitly mentioning the
-encoding, e.g.
-\begin{verbatim}
-  \DeclareFontEncoding{T1}{}{}
-  \DeclareTextAccent{\`}{\LastDeclaredEncoding}{0}
-  \DeclareTextAccent{\'}{\LastDeclaredEncoding}{1}
-\end{verbatim}
-This can be useful in cases where encoding files sharing common code
-are generated from one source.  
-
-
-\subsection{Default definitions}
- 
-\NEWdescription{1997/12/01}
-The declarations used in encoding definition files define
-encoding-specific commands but they do not allow those commands to be
-used without explicitly changing the encoding.  For some commands,
-such as symbols, this is not enough.  For example, the~|OMS| encoding
-contains the symbol~`\S', but we need to be able to use the
-command~|\S| whatever the current encoding may be, without explicitly
-selecting the encoding~|OMS|.
-   
-\NEWdescription{1997/12/01}
-To allow this, \LaTeX{} has commands that declare default definitions
-for commands; these defaults are used when the command is not defined
-in the current encoding.  For example, the default encoding for~|\S|
-is~|OMS|, and so in an encoding (such as |OT1|) which does not
-contain~|\S|, the~|OMS| encoding is selected in order to access this
-glyph.  But in an encoding (such as~|T1|) which does contain~|\S|, the
-glyph in that encoding is used.  The standard \LaTeXe{} format sets
-up several such defaults using the following encodings: |OT1|,~|OMS|
-and~|OML|.
-
-\emph{Warning}: These commands should \emph{not} occur in encoding
-definition files, since those files should declare only commands for use
-when that encoding has been selected.  They should instead be placed
-in packages; they must, of course, always refer to encodings that are
-known to be available.
- 
-\begin{decl}[1994/12/01]
-   |\DeclareTextCommandDefault| \arg{cmd} \arg{definition}
-\end{decl}
-This command allows an encoding-specific command to be given a default 
-definition.  For example, the default definition for |\copyright| is 
-defined be be a circled `c' with:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareTextCommandDefault{\copyright}{\textcircled{c}}
-\end{verbatim}
-\begin{decl}[1994/12/01]
-   |\DeclareTextAccentDefault| \arg{cmd} \arg{encoding} \\
-   |\DeclareTextSymbolDefault| \arg{cmd} \arg{encoding}
-\end{decl}
-These commands allow an encoding-specific command to be given a
-default encoding.  For example, the default encoding for |\"| and
-|\ae| is set to be |OT1| by:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareTextAccentDefault{\"}{OT1}
-   \DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\ae}{OT1}
-\end{verbatim}
-Note that |\DeclareTextAccentDefault| can be used on any one-argument
-encoding-specific command, not just those defined with
-|\DeclareTextAccent|.  Similarly, |\DeclareTextSymbolDefault| can be
-used on any encoding-specific command with no arguments, not just
-those defined with |\DeclareTextSymbol|.
- 
-For more examples of these definitions, see |ltoutenc.dtx|.  
- 
-\begin{decl}[1994/12/01]
-   |\ProvideTextCommandDefault| \arg{cmd} \arg{definition}
-\end{decl}
-This command is the same as |\DeclareTextCommandDefault|, except that
-if the command already has a default definition, then the definition
-is ignored.  This is useful to give `faked' definitions of symbols
-which may be given `real' definitions by other packages.  For example,
-a package might give a fake definition of |\textonequarter| by saying:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \ProvideTextCommandDefault{\textonequarter}{$\m@th\frac14$}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
- \subsection{Encoding defaults} \label{sec:encoding-defaults}
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareFontEncodingDefaults| \arg{text-settings} \arg{math-settings}
-\end{decl}
- 
-Declares \m{text-settings} and \m{math-settings} for all encoding
-schemes.  These are executed before the encoding scheme dependent ones
-are executed so that one can use the defaults for the major cases and
-overwrite them if necessary using |\DeclareFontEncoding|.
- 
-If |\relax| is used as an argument, the current setting of this default
-is left unchanged.
- 
-This example is used by amsfonts.sty for accent positioning; it changes
-only the math settings:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareFontEncodingDefaults{\relax}{\def\accentclass@{7}}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareFontSubstitution|  \arg{encoding} \arg{family} \arg{series}
-                            \arg{shape}
-\end{decl}
- 
-Declares the default values for font substitution which will be used
-when a font with encoding \m{encoding}
-should be loaded but no font can be found with the current
-attributes.
- 
-These substitutions are local to the encoding scheme because the
-encoding scheme is never substituted!  They are tried in the order
-\m{shape} then  \m{series} and finally \m{family}.
-
-\NEWdescription{2019/07/10}
-This declaration is normally done in an encoding definition file
-(see~\ref{Sec:encode.def}), but can also be used in a class file or
-the document preamble to alter the default for a specific encoding.
- 
-If no defaults are set up for an encoding, the values given by
-|\DeclareErrorFont| are used.
- 
-The font specification for
-\m{encoding}\m{family}\m{series}\m{shape}
-must have been defined by |\DeclareFontShape|
-before the |\begin{document}| is reached.
- 
-Example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareFontSubstitution{T1}{cmr}{m}{n}
-\end{verbatim}
-
-\subsection{Case changing}
-\label{sec:case}
-
-\begin{decl}
-  |\MakeUppercase| \arg{text} \\
-  |\MakeLowercase| \arg{text}
-\end{decl}
-
-\NEWfeature{1995/06/01}
-\TeX{} provides the two primitives |\uppercase| and |\lowercase| for
-changing the case of text.  Unfortunately, these \TeX{} primitives do
-not change the case of characters accessed by commands like |\ae| or
-|\aa|.  To overcome this problem, \LaTeX{} provides these two commands.
-
-In the long run, we would like to use all-caps fonts rather than any
-command like |\MakeUppercase| but this is not possible at the moment
-because such fonts do not exist.
-
-For further details, see \texttt{clsguide.tex}.
-
-\NEWdescription{1999/04/23}
-In order that upper/lower-casing will work reasonably well, and in
-order to provide any correct hyphenation, \LaTeXe{} \emph{must} use,
-throughout a document, the same fixed table for changing case.  The
-table used is designed for the font encoding |T1|; this works well
-with the standard \TeX{} fonts for all Latin alphabets but will cause
-problems when using other alphabets.  As an experiment, it has now
-been extended for use with some Cyrillic encodings.
-
-
-\section{Miscellanea}
-\label{Sec:misc}
- 
-This section covers the remaining font commands in \LaTeX{} and some
-other issues.
- 
-\subsection{Font substitution}
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclareErrorFont| \arg{encoding} \arg{family} \arg{series}
-                    \arg{shape} \arg{size}
-\end{decl}
- 
-Declares \m{encoding}\m{family}\m{series}\m{shape} to be the font shape
-used in cases where the standard substitution mechanism fails
-(i.e.~would loop). For the standard mechanism see the command
-|\DeclareFontSubstitution| above.
- 
-The font specification for
-\m{encoding}\m{family}\m{series}\m{shape}
-must have been defined by |\DeclareFontShape|
-before the |\begin{document}| is reached.
- 
-Example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareErrorFont{OT1}{cmr}{m}{n}{10}
-\end{verbatim}
-
-\NEWdescription{2019/07/10}
-This declaration is a system wide fallback and it should normally not
-be changed, in particular it does not belong into font encoding
-definition files but rather into the \LaTeX{} format. It is normally
-set up in \texttt{fonttext.cfg}. Adjustments on a per encoding base
-should be made through |\DeclareFontSubstitution| instead!
- 
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\fontsubfuzz|
-\end{decl}
- 
-This parameter is used to decide whether or not to produce a terminal
-warning if a font size substitution takes place. If the difference
-between the requested and the chosen size is less than |\fontsubfuzz|
-the warning is only written to the transcript file. The default value
-is |0.4pt|.  This can be redefined with |\renewcommand|, for example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \renewcommand{\fontsubfuzz}{0pt}   % always warn
-\end{verbatim}
- 
-\subsection{Preloading}
- 
-\begin{decl}
-|\DeclarePreloadSizes| \arg{encoding} \arg{family} \arg{series}
-                       \arg{shape}
-\arg{size-list}
-\end{decl}
- 
- 
-Specifies the fonts that should be preloaded by the format.  These
-commands should be put in a |preload.cfg| file, which is read in when
-the \LaTeX{} format is being built.
-Read |preload.dtx| for more information on how to built such a
-configuration file.
- 
-Example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclarePreloadSizes{OT1}{cmr}{m}{sl}{10,10.95,12}
-\end{verbatim}
- 
-\NEWdescription{2019/07/10}
-Preloading is really an artifact of the days when loading fonts while
-processing a document contributed substantially to the processing
-time. These days it is usually best not to use this mechanism any more.
-
-\subsection{Accented characters}
-
-\NEWdescription{1996/06/01}
-Accented characters in \LaTeX{} can be produced using commands such as
-|\"a| etc. The precise effect of such commands depends on the font
-encoding being used.  When using a font encoding that contains the
-accented characters as individual glyphs (such as the |T1| encoding,
-in the case of |\"a|) words that contain such accented characters can
-be automatically hyphenated.  For font encodings that do not contain
-the requested individual glyph (such as the |OT1| encoding) such a
-command invokes typesetting instructions that produce the accented
-character as a combination of character glyphs and diacritical marks
-in the font.  In most cases this involves a call to the \TeX{}
-primitive |\accent|.  Glyphs constructed as composites in this way
-inhibit hyphenation of the current word; this is one reason why the
-|T1| encoding is preferable to the original \TeX{} font encoding
-|OT1|.
-
-It is important to understand that commands like |\"a| in \LaTeXe{}
-represent just a name for a single glyph (in this case `umlaut a') and
-contain no information about how to typeset that glyph---thus it does
-\emph{not} mean `put two dots on top of the character a'.  The
-decision as to what typesetting routine to use will depend on the
-encoding of the current font and so this decision is taken at the last
-minute.  Indeed, it is possible that the same input will be typeset in
-more than one way in the same document; for example, text in section
-headings may also appear in table of contents and in running heads; and
-each of these may use a font with a different encoding.
-
-For this reason the notation |\"a| is \emph{not} equivalent to:
-\begin{verbatim}
-  \newcommand \chara {a}     \"\chara
-\end{verbatim}
-In the latter case, \LaTeX{} does not expand the macro |\chara| but
-simply compares the notation (the string |\"\chara|) to its list of
-known composite notations in the current encoding; when it fails to
-find |\"\chara| it does the best it can and invokes the typesetting
-instructions that put the umlaut accent on top of the expansion of
-|\chara|. Thus, even if the font actually contains `\"a' as an
-individual glyph, it will not be used.
-
-The low-level accent commands in \LaTeX{} are defined in such a way
-that it is possible to combine a diacritical mark from one font with a
-glyph from another font; for example, |\"\textparagraph| will produce
-\"\textparagraph.  The umlaut here
-is taken from the |OT1| encoded font |cmr10| whilst the paragraph sign
-is from the |OMS| encoded font |cmsy10|. (This example may be
-typographically silly but better ones would involve font encodings
-like |OT2| (Cyrillic) that might not be available at every
-site.)
-
-There are, however, restrictions on the font-changing commands that
-will work within the argument to such an accent command.  These are
-\TeX{}nical in the sense that they follow from the way that \TeX{}'s
-|\accent| primitive works, allowing only a special class of commands
-between the accent and the accented character.
-
-The following are examples of commands that will not work correctly as
-the accent will appear above a space: the font commands with text
-arguments (|\textbf{...}| and friends); all the font size declarations
-(|\fontsize| and |\Large|, etc.); |\usefont| and declarations that
-depend on it, such as |\normalfont|; box commands (e.g.~|\mbox{...}|).
-
-The lower-level font declarations that set the attributes family,
-series and shape (such as |\fontshape{sl}\selectfont|) will produce
-correct typesetting, as will the default declarations such as
-|\bfseries|.
-
-
-\subsection{Naming conventions}
- 
-\begin{itemize}
-\item
-Math alphabet commands all start with |\math...|: examples are
-|\mathbf|, |\mathcal|, etc.
- 
-\item
-The text font changing commands with arguments all start with
-|\text...|: e.g.~|\textbf| and |\textrm|.  The exception to this is
-|\emph|, since it occurs very commonly in author documents and so
-deserves a shorter name.
- 
-\item
-Names for encoding schemes are strings of up to three letters (all
-upper case) plus digits.
-
-The \LaTeX3 project reserves the use of encodings starting with the
-following letters: |T| (standard 256-long text encodings), |TS|
-(symbols that are designed to extend a corresponding |T| encoding),
-|X| (text encodings that do not conform to the strict requirements for
-|T| encodings), |M| (standard 256-long math encodings), |S| (other
-symbol encodings), |A| (other special applications), |OT| (standard
-128-long text encodings) and |OM| (standard 128-long math encodings).
-
-Please do not use the above starting letters for non-portable
-encodings.  If new standard encodings emerge then we shall add them in
-a later release of \LaTeX.
-
-Encoding schemes which are local to a site or a system should start
-with |L|, experimental encodings intended for wide distribution will
-start with |E|, whilst |U| is for Unknown or Unclassified encodings.
- 
-\item
-Font family names should contain up to five lower case letters.
-Where possible, these should conform to the \emph{Filenames for fonts}
-font naming scheme.
- 
-\item
-Font series names should contain up to four lower case letters.
- 
-\item
-Font shapes should contain up to two letters lower case.
- 
-\item
-Names for symbol fonts are built from lower and upper case letters
-with no restriction.
-\end{itemize}
- 
-Whenever possible, you should use the series and shape names suggested
-in \emph{\LaTeXcomp} since this will make it easier to combine new
-fonts with existing fonts.
- 
-\NEWdescription{1994/12/01}
-   Where possible, text symbols should be named as |\text| followed by
-   the Adobe glyph name: for example |\textonequarter| or 
-   |\textsterling|.  Similarly, math symbols should be named as 
-   |\math| followed by the glyph name, for example |\mathonequarter| 
-   or |\mathsterling|.  Commands which can be used in text or math can
-   then be defined using |\ifmmode|, for example:
-\begin{verbatim}
-   \DeclareRobustCommand{\pounds}{%
-      \ifmmode \mathsterling \else \textsterling \fi
-   }
-\end{verbatim}
-   Note that commands defined in this way must be robust, in case they
-   get put into a section title or other moving argument.
-
-\section{If you need to know more \ldots}
-
-\NEWdescription{1996/06/01}
-The |tracefnt| package provides for tracing the actions concerned with
-loading, substituting and using fonts.
-The package accepts the following options:
-\begin{description}
-\item[errorshow]  Write all information about font changes, etc.\ but
-  only to the transcript file unless an error occurs. This means that
-  information about font substitution will not be shown on the
-  terminal.
-
-\item[warningshow]  Show all font warnings on the terminal. This
-  setting corresponds to the default behavior when this
-  \texttt{tracefnt} package is \emph{not} used!
-
-\item[infoshow]  Show all font warnings and all font info messages
-  (that are normally only written to the transcript file) also on the
-  terminal. This is the default when this \texttt{tracefnt} package is
-  loaded.
-
-\item[debugshow]  In addition to what is shown by \texttt{infoshow},
-  show also changes of math fonts (as far as possible): beware, this
-  option can produce a large amount of output.
-
-\item[loading]  Show the names of external font files when they are
-  loaded.  This option shows only `newly loaded' fonts, not those
-  already preloaded in the format or the class file before this
-  \texttt{tracefnt} package becomes active.
-
-\item[pausing]
-  Turn all font warnings into errors so that \LaTeX{} will stop.
-\end{description}
-
-\emph{Warning}: The actions of this package can change the layout of a
-document and even, in rare cases, produce clearly wrong output, so
-it should not be used in the final formatting of `real documents'.
-
-\begin{thebibliography}{1}
- 
-\bibitem{A-W:MG2004}
-Frank Mittelbach and Michel Goossens.
-\newblock {\em The {\LaTeX} Companion second edition}.
-\newblock With Johannes Braams, David Carlisle, and Chris Rowley.
-\newblock Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts, 2004.
-
-\bibitem{tub:DKn89}
-Donald~E. Knuth.
-\newblock Typesetting concrete mathematics.
-\newblock {\em {TUG}boat}, 10(1):31--36, April 1989.
- 
-\bibitem{A-W:LLa94}
-Leslie Lamport.
-\newblock {\em {\LaTeX:} A Document Preparation System}.
-\newblock Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts, second edition, 1994.
- 
-\end{thebibliography}
- 
-\end{document}
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