From e0c6872cf40896c7be36b11dcc744620f10adf1d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Norbert Preining Date: Mon, 2 Sep 2019 13:46:59 +0900 Subject: Initial commit --- help/uk-tex-faq/faq-texsys.tex | 488 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 488 insertions(+) create mode 100644 help/uk-tex-faq/faq-texsys.tex (limited to 'help/uk-tex-faq/faq-texsys.tex') diff --git a/help/uk-tex-faq/faq-texsys.tex b/help/uk-tex-faq/faq-texsys.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0fcc34bf65 --- /dev/null +++ b/help/uk-tex-faq/faq-texsys.tex @@ -0,0 +1,488 @@ +% $Id: faq-texsys.tex,v 1.17 2013/07/24 21:50:56 rf10 Exp $ + +\section{\TeX{} Systems} + +\Question[Q-TeXsystems]{\AllTeX{} for different machines} + +We list here the free or shareware packages; +\htmlignore +a later \Qref{question}{Q-commercial} discusses commercial \tex{} products. +\endhtmlignore +\begin{htmlversion} + another question addresses + \Qref{commercial \TeX{} vendors'}{Q-commercial} products. +\end{htmlversion} + +The list is provided in four answers: +\begin{itemize} +\item \TeX{} systems for use with + \Qref*{Unix and \acro{GNU} Linux systems}{Q-sysunix} +\item \TeX{} systems for use with % ! line break + \Qref*{Modern Windows systems}{Q-syswin32} +\item \TeX{} systems for use with % ! line break + \Qref*{Macintosh systems}{Q-sysmac} +\item \TeX{} systems for % ! line break + \Qref*{Other sorts of systems}{Q-sysother} +\end{itemize} + +\Question[Q-sysunix]{Unix and \acro{GNU} Linux systems} + +\begin{quote} + Note that \macosx{}, though it is also a Unix-based system, has + different options; users should refer to the information in + \Qref[question]{Mac systems}{Q-sysmac}. +\end{quote} + +The \TeX{} distribution of choice, for Unix systems (including +\acro{GNU}/Linux and most other free Unix-like systems) is \texlive{}, +which is distributed as part of the \Qref*{\TeX{} collection}{Q-CD}. + +\texlive{} may also be installed ``over the network''; a network +installer is provided, and once you have a system (whether installed +from the network or installed off-line from a disc) a manager +(\ProgName{tlmgr}) can both keep your installation up-to-date and add +packages you didn't install at first. + +\texlive{} may be run with no installation at all; the web page % ! line break +\href{http://www.tug.org/texlive/portable.html}{\texlive{} portable usage} +describes the options for installing \texlive{} on a memory stick for +use on another computer, or for using the \texlive{} \acro{DVD} with +no installation at all. + +\tex{}-gpc is a ``back-to-basics'' distribution of \tex{} utilities, +\emph{only} (unlike \texlive{}, no `tailored' package bundles are +provided). It is distributed as source, and compiles with \acro{GNU} +Pascal, thereby coming as close as you're likely to get to Knuth's original +distribution. It is known to work well, but the omission of \etex{} +and \pdftex{} will rule it out of many users' choices. +\begin{ctanrefs} +\item[tex-gpc]\CTANref{tex-gpc} +\item[texlive]Browse \CTANref{texlive} +\item[texlive installer (Unix)]\CTANref{texlive-unix} +\end{ctanrefs} +\LastEdit{2013-07-18} + +\Question[Q-syswin32]{(Modern) Windows systems} + +Windows users nowadays have a real choice, between two excellent +distributions, \miktex{} and \texlive{}. \texlive{} on windows has +only in recent years been a real challenger to the long-established +\miktex{}, and even now \miktex{} has features that \texlive{} lacks. +Both are comprehensive +distributions, offering all the established \tex{} variants (\tex{}, +\pdftex{}~--- both with \etex{} variants~--- as well as \xetex{} and +\luatex{}), together with a wide range of support tools. + +Both \miktex{} and \texlive{} offer management tools, including the +means of keeping an installation ``up-to-date'', by reinstalling +packages that have been updated on \acro{CTAN} (the delay between a +package update appearing, and it being available to the distribution +users) can be as short as a day (and is never very long). + +\miktex{}, by Christian Schenk, is the longer-established of the pair, +and has a large audience of satisfied users; \texlive{} is the +dominant distribution in use in the world of Unix-like systems, and so +its Windows version may be expected to appeal to those who use both +Unix-like and Windows systems. The latest release of \miktex{}~--- +version 2.9~--- requires Windows~XP, or later (so it does not work on +Windows~2000 or earlier). + +Both distributions may be used in a configuration which involves no +installation at all. \miktex{}'s ``portable'' distribution may be +unpacked on a memory stick, and used on any windows computer without +making any direct use of the hard drive. The web page % ! line break +\href{http://www.tug.org/texlive/portable.html}{\texlive{} portable usage} +describes the options for installing \texlive{} on a memory stick, or +for using the \texlive{} \acro{DVD} with no installation at all. + +Both \miktex{} and \texlive{} may be downloaded and installed, package +by package, over the net. This is a mammoth undertaking, only to be +undertaken by those with a good network connection (and a patient +disposition!). + +A ready-to-run copy of the \miktex{} distribution, +on \acro{DVD} may be bought via the % ! line break +\href{http://www.miktex.org/cd/}{\miktex{} web site}. \miktex{} may +also be installed using Pro\TeX{}t, on the % ! line break +\Qref*{\TeX{} Collection \acro{DVD}}{Q-CD}. + +The \Qref*{\TeX{} Collection \acro{DVD}}{Q-CD} also provides an +offline installer for \texlive{}. + +% can't find any evidence this is still available +% +%% \href{http://foundry.supelec.fr/projects/xemtex/}{XEm\TeX{}}, by +%% Fabrice Popineau (he who created the excellent, but now defunct, +%% fp\TeX{} distribution), is another integrated distribution of \tex{}, +%% \latex{}, \CONTeXT{}, \ProgName{XEmacs} and other friends for Windows. +%% All programs have been compiled natively to take the best advantage of +%% the Windows environment. Configuration is provided so that the +%% resulting set of programs runs out-of-the-box, but the distribution is +%% not actively promoted. +% +% this isn't right, but i'm not sure how to deal with it... +% +%% The (Japanese) \acro{W}32\acro{TEX} distribution was motivated by +%% the needs of Japanese users (Japanese won't fit in a ``simple'' +%% character set like \acro{ASCII}, but \TeX{} is based on a version of +%% \acro{ASCII}). Despite its origins, \acro{W}32\acro{TEX} is said to +%% be a good bet for Western users, notably those whose disks are short +%% of space: the minimum documented download is as small as +%% 95\,MBytes. Investigate the distribution at +%% \URL{http://www.fsci.fuk.kindai.ac.jp/kakuto/win32-ptex/web2c75-e.html} +% +% the url is now http://w32tex.org/current/ + +A further (free) option is available thanks to the +\href{http://www.cygwin.com}{CygWin bundle}, which presents a +Unix-like environment in Windows systems (and also provides an +X-windows server). The (now obsolete) te\TeX{} distribution is +provided as part of the CygWin distribution, but there is a CygWin +build of \texlive{} so you can have a current \tex{} system. \TeX{} +under CygWin is reputedly somewhat slower than native Win32 +implementations such as \miktex{}, and of course the \tex{} +applications behave like Unix-system applications. + +BaKoMa \TeX{}, by Basil Malyshev, is a comprehensive (shareware) +distribution, which focuses on support of Acrobat. The distribution +comes with a bunch of Type~1 fonts packaged to work with BaKoMa +\TeX{}, which further the focus. +\begin{ctanrefs} +\item[bakoma]\CTANref{bakoma-tex} +\item[miktex]\CTANref{miktex}; % ! line break so only one \CTANref on line + acquire \CTANref{miktex-setup} (also available from the \miktex{} + web site), and read installation instructions from % ! line break + \href{http://www.miktex.org/2.9/setup}{the \miktex{} installation page} +\item[\nothtml{\bgroup\rmfamily}Portable\nothtml{\egroup} miktex]\CTANref{miktex-portable} +\item[protext.exe]\CTANref{protext} +\item[texlive]Browse \CTANref{texlive} +\item[texlive installer (Windows)]\CTANref{texlive-windows} +\end{ctanrefs} +\LastEdit{2013-04-11} + +\Question[Q-sysmac]{Macintosh systems} + +The \Qref*{\TeX{} collection}{Q-CD} \acro{DVD} includes Mac\TeX{}, +which is a Mac-tailored version of \texlive{}; details may be found on +the \href{http://tug.org/mactex}{\acro{TUG} web site}. If you don't +have the disc, you can download the distribution from \acro{CTAN} (but +note that it's pretty big). Mac\TeX{} is an instance of \texlive{}, +and has a Mac-tailored graphical \texlive{} manager, so that you can +keep your distribution up-to-date. + +Note that installing Mac\TeX{} requires \texttt{root} privilege. This +is a pity, since it offers several extras that aren't available via a +standard \texlive{}, which aren't therefore available to ``ordinary +folk'' at work. For those who don't have \texttt{root} privilege, the +option is to install using the \texlive{} \texttt{tlinstall} utility. + +\href{http://www.trevorrow.com/oztex/}{Oz\TeX{}}, by Andrew Trevorrow, +is a shareware version of \TeX{} for the Macintosh. A \acro{DVI} +previewer and \PS{} driver are also included. +Oz\TeX{} is a Carbon app, so will run under \macosx{} (see +\url{http://www.trevorrow.com/oztex/ozosx.html} for details), but it +is \emph{not} a current version: it doesn't even offer \pdftex{}. A +mailing list is provided by \acro{TUG}: sign up via +\url{http://tug.org/mailman/listinfo/oztex} + +Another partly shareware program is +\href{http://www.kiffe.com/cmactex.html}{CMac\TeX{}}, put together by +Tom Kiffe. CMac\TeX{} is much closer than Oz\TeX{} to the Unix \TeX{} +model of things (it uses \ProgName{dvips}, for instance). CMac\TeX{} +runs natively under \macosx{}; it includes a port of a version of +\Qref*{Omega}{Q-omegaleph}. + +\begin{flatversion} + A wiki for Mac users is to be found at + \URL{http://mactex-wiki.tug.org/} +\end{flatversion} +\begin{hyperversion} + Further information may be available in the % ! line break + \href{http://mactex-wiki.tug.org/}{MacTeX wiki}. +\end{hyperversion} +The Mac\TeX{}-on-OS~X mailing list is another useful resource for +users; subscribe via the +\href{http://mactex-wiki.tug.org/wiki/index.php?title=TeX_on_Mac_OS_X_mailing_list}{list home page} +\begin{ctanrefs} +\item[cmactex]\CTANref{cmactex} +\item[mactex]\CTANref{mactex} +\item[oztex]\CTANref{oztex} +\end{ctanrefs} + +\Question[Q-sysother]{Other systems' \tex{} availability} + +For \acro{PC}s, running \MSDOS{} or \acro{OS/}2, Em\TeX{} (by Eberhard +Mattes) offers \LaTeX{}, \BibTeX{}, previewers, and drivers. It is +available as a series of zip archives, with documentation in both +German and English. Appropriate memory managers for using em\TeX{} +with 386 (and better) processors and under pre-'9x Windows, are +included in the distribution. (Em\TeX{} \emph{can} be made to operate +under Windows, but even back when it was ``current'', such use wasn't +very actively encouraged.) + +A version of em\TeX{}, packaged to use a % ! line break +\Qref*{TDS directory structure}{Q-tds}, is separately available as an +em\TeX{} `contribution'. Note that neither em\TeX{} itself, nor +em\TeX{}-\acro{TDS}, is maintained. Users of Microsoft operating +systems, who want an up-to-date \AllTeX{} system, need Win32-based +systems. + +For \acro{PC}s, running \MSDOS{}, a further option is a port of the +Web2C~7.0 implementation, using the \acro{GNU} \ProgName{djgpp} +compiler. While this package is more recent than em\TeX{}, it +nevertheless also offers a rather old instance of \AllTeX{}. + +For \acro{VAX} systems running Open\acro{VMS}, a \TeX{} distribution +is available \acro{CTAN}, but is almost certainly not the latest (it +is more than 10 years old). Whether a version is even available for +current \acro{VMS} (which typically runs on Intel 64-bit processors) +is not clear, but it seems unlikely. + +For the Atari \acro{ST} and \acro{TT}, \acro{CS}-\TeX{} is available +from \acro{CTAN}; it's offered as a set of \acro{ZOO} archives. + +Amiga users have the option of a full implementations of \TeX{} 3.1 +(Pas\TeX{}) and \MF{} 2.7. + +It's less likely that hobbyists would be running \acro{TOPS}-20 +machines, but since \TeX{} was originally written on a \acro{DEC}-10 +under \acro{WAITS}, the \acro{TOPS}-20 port is another near approach +to Knuth's original environment. Sources are available by anonymous +\texttt{ftp} from \url{ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/pub/web} +\begin{ctanrefs} +\item[\nothtml{\rmfamily}Atari TeX]\CTANref{atari-cstex} +\item[djgpp]\CTANref{djgpp} +\item[emtex]\CTANref{emtex} +\item[emtexTDS]\CTANref{emtextds} +\item[OpenVMS]\CTANref{OpenVMSTeX} +\item[PasTeX]\CTANref{amiga} +\end{ctanrefs} +\LastEdit{2013-07-18} + +\Question[Q-editors]{\TeX{}-friendly editors and shells} + +There are good \TeX{}-writing environments and editors for most +operating systems; some are described below, but this is only a +personal selection: +\begin{description} +\item[Unix] The commonest choices are \ProgName{[X]Emacs} or + \ProgName{vim}, though several others are available. + + \href{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/emacs.html}{\acro{GNU}\nobreakspace\ProgName{emacs}} + and \href{http://www.xemacs.org/}{\ProgName{XEmacs}} are supported + by the \acro{AUC}-\TeX{} + bundle (available from \acro{CTAN}). \acro{AUC}-\TeX{} provides menu + items and control sequences for common constructs, checks syntax, + lays out markup nicely, lets you call \TeX{} and drivers from + within the editor, and everything else like this that you can think + of. Complex, but very powerful. + + \href{http://vim.sourceforge.net}{\ProgName{Vim}} is also highly + configurable (also available for Windows and Macintosh systems). + Many plugins are available to support the needs of the \AllTeX{} user, + including syntax highlighting, calling \TeX{} programs, + auto-insertion and -completion of common \AllTeX{} structures, and + browsing \LaTeX{} help. The scripts \File{auctex.vim} and + \File{bibtex.vim} seem to be the most common recommendations. + + The editor \href{http://nedit.org/}{\ProgName{NEdit}} is also free + and programmable, and is available for Unix systems. An + \acro{AUC}-\TeX{}-alike set of extensions for \ProgName{NEdit} is available + from \acro{CTAN}. + + \ProgName{LaTeX4Jed} provides much enhanced \LaTeX{} support for the + \href{http://www.jedsoft.org/jed/}{\ProgName{jed}} editor. + \ProgName{LaTeX4Jed} is similar to \acro{AUC}-\TeX{}: menus, + shortcuts, templates, syntax highlighting, document outline, + integrated debugging, symbol completion, full integration with + external programs, and more. It was designed with both the beginner + and the advanced LaTeX user in mind. + + The \ProgName{Kile} editor that is provided with the \acro{KDE} + window manager provides \acro{GUI} ``shell-like'' facilities, in a + similar way to the widely-praised \ProgName{Winedt} (see below); + details (and downloads) are available from the project's + \href{http://kile.sourceforge.net/}{home on SourceForge}. + + \acro{TUG} is sponsoring the development of a cross-platform editor + and shell, modelled on the excellent \texshop{} for the Macintosh. + The result, + \href{http://www.tug.org/texworks/}{\texworks{}}, is recommended: if + you're looking for a + \AllTeX{} development environment, it may be for you. (It is + distributed with both \texlive{} and \miktex{}.) + + A possible alternative is + \href{http://texstudio.sourceforge.net/}{TeXstudio} +\item[Windows-32]\ProgName{TeXnicCenter} is a (free) + \TeX{}-oriented development system, uniting a powerful platform for + executing \AllTeX{} and friends with a configurable editor. + + \texworks{} (see above) is also available for Windows systems. + + \ProgName{Winedt}, a shareware package, is also highly spoken of. + It too provides a shell for the use of \TeX{} and related programs, + as well as a powerful and well-configured editor. The editor can + generate its output in \acro{UTF}-8 (to some extent), which is + useful when working with \Qref*{\xetex{}}{Q-xetex} (and other + ``next-generation'' \AllTeX{} applications). + + Both \ProgName{emacs} and \ProgName{vim} are available in versions + for Windows systems. +\item[Macintosh] For \macosx{} users, the free tool of choice appears to be + \href{http://pages.uoregon.edu/koch/texshop/index.html}{\texshop{}}, which + combines an editor and a shell with a coherent philosophy of dealing + with \AllTeX{} in the OS~X environment. TeXShop is distributed as + part of the MacTeX system, and will therefore be available out of + the box on machines on which MacTeX has been installed. + + \ProgName{Vim} is also available for use on Macintosh systems. + + The commercial Textures provides an excellent integrated Macintosh + environment with its own editor. More powerful still (as an editor) + is the shareware \ProgName{Alpha} which is extensible enough to let + you perform almost any \TeX{}-related job. It also works well with + Oz\TeX{}. From release 2.2.0 (at least), Textures works under \macosx{}. +\item[\acro{OS/}2] \ProgName{epmtex} offers an \acro{OS/}2-specific shell. +\end{description} +Atari, Amiga and \acro{N}e\acro{XT} users also have nice +environments. \LaTeX{} users looking for \ProgName{make}-like +facilities should review the answer on +\Qref*{Makefiles for \LaTeX{} documents}{Q-make}. + +While many \AllTeX{}-oriented editors can support work on \BibTeX{} +files, there are many systems that provide specific ``database-like'' +access to your \BibTeX{} files~--- +\begin{hyperversion} + see ``\Qref{creating a bibliography file}{Q-buildbib}''. +\end{hyperversion} +\begin{flatversion} + these are discussed in % ! line break + ``\Qref*{creating a bibliography file}{Q-buildbib}''. +\end{flatversion} +\begin{ctanrefs} +\item[alpha]\CTANref{alpha} +\item[auctex]\CTANref{auctex} +\item[epmtex]\CTANref{epmtex} +\item[LaTeX4Jed]\CTANref{latex4jed} +\item[Nedit LaTeX support]\CTANref{nedit-latex} +\item[TeXnicCenter]\CTANref{texniccenter} +\item[TeXshell]\CTANref{texshell} +\item[TeXtelmExtel]\CTANref{TeXtelmExtel} +\item[winedt]\CTANref{winedt} +\end{ctanrefs} +\LastEdit{2013-05-20} + +\Question[Q-commercial]{Commercial \TeX{} implementations} +\keywords{windows,macintosh,commercial} + +There are many commercial implementations of \TeX{}. The first +appeared not long after \TeX{} itself appeared. + +What follows is probably an incomplete list. Naturally, no warranty or +fitness for purpose is implied by the inclusion of any vendor in this +list. The source of the information is given to provide some clues to +its currency. + +In general, a commercial implementation will come `complete', that is, +with suitable previewers and printer drivers. They normally also have +extensive documentation (\emph{i.e}., not just the \TeX{}book!) and some +sort of support service. In some cases this is a toll free number +(probably applicable only within the \acro{USA} and or Canada), but others +also have email, and normal telephone and fax support. +\begin{description} +\item[\acro{PC}; True\TeX{}] Runs on all versions of Windows. + \begin{quote} + Richard J. Kinch\\ + TrueTeX Software\\ + 7890 Pebble Beach Court\\ + Lake Worth \acro{FL} 33467\\ + \acro{USA}\\[.25\baselineskip] + Tel: +1 561-966-8400\\ + Email: \mailto{kinch@truetex.com}\\ + Web: \URL{http://www.truetex.com/} + \end{quote} + Source: Mail from Richard Kinch, August 2004. +\item[pc\TeX{}] Long-established: pc\TeX{}32 is a Windows implementation. + \begin{quote} + Personal \TeX{} Inc\\ + 725 Greenwich Street, Suite 210 \\ + San Francisco, \acro{CA} 94133\\ + \acro{USA}\\[.25\baselineskip] + Tel: 800-808-7906 (within the \acro{USA})\\ + Tel: +1 415-296-7550\\ + Fax: +1 415-296-7501\\ + Email: \mailto{sales@pctex.com}\\ + Web: \URL{http://www.pctex.com/} + \end{quote} + Source: Personal \TeX{} Inc web site, December 2004 +\item[\acro{PC}; Scientific Word] Scientific Word and Scientific Workplace + offer a mechanism for near-\WYSIWYG{} input of \LaTeX{} documents; they + ship with True\TeX{} from Kinch (see above). Queries within the \acro{UK} + and Ireland should be addressed to Scientific Word Ltd., others should be + addressed directly to the publisher, MacKichan Software Inc. + \begin{quote} + Dr Christopher Mabb\\ + Scientific Word Ltd.\\ + 990 Anlaby Road,\\ + Hull,\\ + East Yorkshire,\\ + \acro{HU}4 6\acro{AT}\\ + \acro{UK}\\[0.25\baselineskip] + Tel: 0845 766\,0340 (within the \acro{UK}) \\ + Fax: 0845 603\,9443 (within the \acro{UK}) \\ + Email: \mailto{christopher@sciword.demon.co.uk} \\ + Web: \URL{http://www.sciword.demon.co.uk} + \end{quote} + \begin{quote} + MacKichan Software Inc.\\ + 19307 8th Avenue, Suite C\\ + Poulsbo \acro{WA} 98370-7370\\ + \acro{USA}\\[0.25\baselineskip] + Tel: +1 360 394\,6033\\ + Tel: 877 724\,9673 (within the \acro{USA}) + Fax: +1 360 394\,6039\\ + Email: \mailto{info@mackichan.com}\\ + Web: \URL{http://www.mackichan.com} + \end{quote} + Source: Mail from Christopher Mabb, August 2007 +%% \item[Macintosh; Textures] ``A \TeX{} system `for the rest of +%% us'\,''. A beta release of Textures for \macosx{} is +%% available~--- see \URL{http://www.bluesky.com/news/news_frames.html} +%% +%% (Blue Sky also gives away a \MF{} implementation and some +%% font manipulation tools for Macs.) +%% \begin{quote} +%% Blue Sky Research\\ +%% PO Box 80424\\ +%% Portland, \acro{OR} 97280\\ +%% \acro{USA}\\[.25\baselineskip] +%% Tel: 800-622-8398 (within the \acro{USA})\\ +%% Tel/Fax: +1 503-222-9571\\ +%% Fax: +1 503-246-4574\\ +%% Email: \mailto{sales@bluesky.com}\\ +%% Web: \URL{http://www.bluesky.com/} +%% \end{quote} +%% Source: Mail from Gordon Lee, April 2007 +\item[Amiga\TeX{}] A full implementation for the Commodore Amiga, + including full, on-screen and printing support for all \PS{} + graphics and fonts, IFF raster graphics, automatic font generation, + and all of the standard macros and utilities. + \begin{quote} + Radical Eye Software\\ + \acro{PO} Box 2081\\ + Stanford, \acro{CA} 94309\\ + \acro{USA} + \end{quote} + Source: Mail from Tom Rokicki, November 1994 +\end{description} +\checked{mc}{1994/11/09}% +\checked{RF}{1994/11/24}% + +Note that the company \YandY{} has gone out of business, and \YandY{} +\TeX{} (and support for it) is therefore no longer available. Users +of \YandY{} systems may care to use the self-help +\href*{http://tug.org/pipermail/yandytex/}{mailing list} +that was established in 2003; the remaining usable content of +\YandY{}'s web site is available at \URL{http://www.tug.org/yandy/} + -- cgit v1.2.3