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1 files changed, 831 insertions, 831 deletions
diff --git a/systems/doc/luatex/luatex-graphics.tex b/systems/doc/luatex/luatex-graphics.tex index 038710cd58..3f12762b68 100644 --- a/systems/doc/luatex/luatex-graphics.tex +++ b/systems/doc/luatex/luatex-graphics.tex @@ -1,831 +1,831 @@ -% language=uk
-
-% mp solve_path
-
-\environment luatex-style
-
-\startcomponent luatex-graphics
-
-\startchapter[reference=graphics,title={The graphic libraries}]
-
-\startsection[title={The \type {img} library}][library=img]
-
-\topicindex {images}
-\topicindex {images+library}
-\topicindex {graphics}
-
-The \type {img} library can be used as an alternative to \orm {pdfximage} and
-\orm {pdfrefximage}, and the associated \quote {satellite} commands like \type
-{\pdfximagebbox}. Image objects can also be used within virtual fonts via the
-\type {image} command listed in~\in {section} [virtualfonts].
-
-\subsection{\type {new}}
-
-\libindex{new}
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<image> var = img.new()
-<image> var = img.new(<table> image_spec)
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-This function creates a userdata object of type \quote {image}. The \type
-{image_spec} argument is optional. If it is given, it must be a table, and that
-table must contain a \type {filename} key. A number of other keys can also be
-useful, these are explained below.
-
-You can either say
-
-\starttyping
-a = img.new()
-\stoptyping
-
-followed by
-
-\starttyping
-a.filename = "foo.png"
-\stoptyping
-
-or you can put the file name (and some or all of the other keys) into a table
-directly, like so:
-
-\starttyping
-a = img.new({filename='foo.pdf', page=1})
-\stoptyping
-
-The generated \type {<image>} userdata object allows access to a set of
-user|-|specified values as well as a set of values that are normally filled in
-and updated automatically by \LUATEX\ itself. Some of those are derived from the
-actual image file, others are updated to reflect the \PDF\ output status of the
-object.
-
-There is one required user-specified field: the file name (\type {filename}). It
-can optionally be augmented by the requested image dimensions (\type {width},
-\type {depth}, \type {height}), user|-|specified image attributes (\type {attr}),
-the requested \PDF\ page identifier (\type {page}), the requested boundingbox
-(\type {pagebox}) for \PDF\ inclusion, the requested color space object (\type
-{colorspace}).
-
-The function \type {img.new} does not access the actual image file, it just
-creates the \type {<image>} userdata object and initializes some memory
-structures. The \type {<image>} object and its internal structures are
-automatically garbage collected.
-
-Once the image is scanned, all the values in the \type {<image>} except \type
-{width}, \type {height} and \type {depth}, become frozen, and you cannot change
-them any more.
-
-You can use \type {pdf.setignoreunknownimages(1)} (or at the \TEX\ end the \lpr
-{pdfvariable} \type {ignoreunknownimages}) to get around a quit when no known
-image type is found (based on name or preamble). Beware: this will not catch
-invalid images and we cannot guarantee side effects. A zero dimension image is
-still included when requested. No special flags are set. A proper workflow will
-not rely in such a catch but make sure that images are valid.
-
-\subsection{\type {fields}}
-
-\libindex{fields}
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<table> keys = img.fields()
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-This function returns a list of all the possible \type {image_spec} keys, both
-user-supplied and automatic ones.
-
-\starttabulate[|l|l|p|]
-\DB field name \BC type \BC description \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type{attr} \NC string \NC the image attributes for \LUATEX \NC \NR
-\NC \type{bbox} \NC table \NC table with 4 boundingbox dimensions \type
- {llx}, \type {lly}, \type {urx} and \type
- {ury} overruling the \type {pagebox} entry \NC \NR
-\NC \type{colordepth} \NC number \NC the number of bits used by the color space \NC \NR
-\NC \type{colorspace} \NC number \NC the color space object number \NC \NR
-\NC \type{depth} \NC number \NC the image depth for \LUATEX \NC \NR
-\NC \type{filename} \NC string \NC the image file name \NC \NR
-\NC \type{filepath} \NC string \NC the full (expanded) file name of the image\NC \NR
-\NC \type{height} \NC number \NC the image height for \LUATEX \NC \NR
-\NC \type{imagetype} \NC string \NC one of \type {pdf}, \type {png}, \type {jpg},
- \type {jp2} or \type {jbig2} \NC \NR
-\NC \type{index} \NC number \NC the \PDF\ image name suffix \NC \NR
-\NC \type{objnum} \NC number \NC the \PDF\ image object number \NC \NR
-\NC \type{page} \NC number \NC the identifier for the requested image page \NC \NR
-\NC \type{pagebox} \NC string \NC the requested bounding box, one of
- \type {none}, \type {media}, \type {crop},
- \type {bleed}, \type {trim}, \type {art} \NC \NR
-\NC \type{pages} \NC number \NC the total number of available pages \NC \NR
-\NC \type{rotation} \NC number \NC the image rotation from included \PDF\ file,
- in multiples of 90~deg. \NC \NR
-\NC \type{stream} \NC string \NC the raw stream data for an \type {/Xobject}
- \type {/Form} object\NC \NR
-\NC \type{transform} \NC number \NC the image transform, integer number 0..7 \NC \NR
-\NC \type{orientation} \NC number \NC the (jpeg) image orientation, integer number 1..8
- (0 for unset) \NC \NR
-\NC \type{width} \NC number \NC the image width for \LUATEX \NC \NR
-\NC \type{xres} \NC number \NC the horizontal natural image resolution
- (in \DPI) \NC \NR
-\NC \type{xsize} \NC number \NC the natural image width \NC \NR
-\NC \type{yres} \NC number \NC the vertical natural image resolution
- (in \DPI) \NC \NR
-\NC \type{ysize} \NC number \NC the natural image height \NC \NR
-\NC \type{visiblefilename} \NC string \NC when set, this name will find its way in the
- \PDF\ file as \type {PTEX} specification; when
- an empty string is assigned nothing is written
- to file; otherwise the natural filename is
- taken \NC \NR
-\NC \type{userpassword} \NC string \NC the userpassword needed for opening a \PDF\ file \NC \NR
-\NC \type{ownerpassword} \NC string \NC the ownerpassword needed for opening a \PDF\ file \NC \NR
-\NC \type{keepopen} \NC boolean \NC keep the \PDF\ file open \NC \NR
-\NC \type{nobbox} \NC boolean \NC don't add a boundingbox specification for streams \NC \NR
-\NC \type{nolength} \NC boolean \NC don't add length key nor compress for streams \NC \NR
-\NC \type{nosize} \NC boolean \NC don't add size fields for streams \NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-A running (undefined) dimension in \type {width}, \type {height}, or \type
-{depth} is represented as \type {nil} in \LUA, so if you want to load an image at
-its \quote {natural} size, you do not have to specify any of those three fields.
-
-The \type {stream} parameter allows to fabricate an \type {/XObject} \type
-{/Form} object from a string giving the stream contents, e.g., for a filled
-rectangle:
-
-\startfunctioncall
-a.stream = "0 0 20 10 re f"
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-When writing the image, an \type {/Xobject} \type {/Form} object is created, like
-with embedded \PDF\ file writing. The object is written out only once. The \type
-{stream} key requires that also the \type {bbox} table is given. The \type
-{stream} key conflicts with the \type {filename} key. The \type {transform} key
-works as usual also with \type {stream}.
-
-The \type {bbox} key needs a table with four boundingbox values, e.g.:
-
-\startfunctioncall
-a.bbox = { "30bp", 0, "225bp", "200bp" }
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-This replaces and overrules any given \type {pagebox} value; with given \type
-{bbox} the box dimensions coming with an embedded \PDF\ file are ignored. The
-\type {xsize} and \type {ysize} dimensions are set accordingly, when the image is
-scaled. The \type {bbox} parameter is ignored for non-\PDF\ images.
-
-The \type {transform} allows to mirror and rotate the image in steps of 90~deg.
-The default value~$0$ gives an unmirrored, unrotated image. Values $1-3$ give
-counterclockwise rotation by $90$, $180$, or $270$~degrees, whereas with values
-$4-7$ the image is first mirrored and then rotated counterclockwise by $90$,
-$180$, or $270$~degrees. The \type {transform} operation gives the same visual
-result as if you would externally preprocess the image by a graphics tool and
-then use it by \LUATEX. If a \PDF\ file to be embedded already contains a \type
-{/Rotate} specification, the rotation result is the combination of the \type
-{/Rotate} rotation followed by the \type {transform} operation.
-
-\subsection{\type {scan}}
-
-\libindex{scan}
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<image> var = img.scan(<image> var)
-<image> var = img.scan(<table> image_spec)
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-When you say \type {img.scan(a)} for a new image, the file is scanned, and
-variables such as \type {xsize}, \type {ysize}, image \type {type}, number of
-\type {pages}, and the resolution are extracted. Each of the \type {width}, \type
-{height}, \type {depth} fields are set up according to the image dimensions, if
-they were not given an explicit value already. An image file will never be
-scanned more than once for a given image variable. With all subsequent \type
-{img.scan(a)} calls only the dimensions are again set up (if they have been
-changed by the user in the meantime).
-
-For ease of use, you can do right-away a
-
-\starttyping
-<image> a = img.scan { filename = "foo.png" }
-\stoptyping
-
-without a prior \type {img.new}.
-
-Nothing is written yet at this point, so you can do \type {a=img.scan}, retrieve
-the available info like image width and height, and then throw away \type {a}
-again by saying \type {a=nil}. In that case no image object will be reserved in
-the PDF, and the used memory will be cleaned up automatically.
-
-\subsection{\type {copy}}
-
-\libindex{copy}
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<image> var = img.copy(<image> var)
-<image> var = img.copy(<table> image_spec)
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-If you say \type {a = b}, then both variables point to the same \type {<image>}
-object. if you want to write out an image with different sizes, you can do
-\type {b = img.copy(a)}.
-
-Afterwards, \type {a} and \type {b} still reference the same actual image
-dictionary, but the dimensions for \type {b} can now be changed from their
-initial values that were just copies from \type {a}.
-
-\subsection{\type {write}, \type {immediatewrite}, \type {immediatewriteobject}}
-
-\topicindex {images+injection}
-\topicindex {images+immediate}
-\topicindex {images+object}
-
-\libindex{write}
-\libindex{immediatewrite}
-\libindex{immediatewriteobject}
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<image> var = img.write(<image> var)
-<image> var = img.write(<table> image_spec)
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-By \type {img.write(a)} a \PDF\ object number is allocated, and a rule node of
-subtype \type {image} is generated and put into the output list. By this the
-image \type {a} is placed into the page stream, and the image file is written out
-into an image stream object after the shipping of the current page is finished.
-
-Again you can do a terse call like
-
-\starttyping
-img.write { filename = "foo.png" }
-\stoptyping
-
-The \type {<image>} variable is returned in case you want it for later
-processing. You can also write an object.
-
-By \type {img.immediatewrite(a)} a \PDF\ object number is allocated, and the
-image file for image \type {a} is written out immediately into the \PDF\ file as
-an image stream object (like with \prm {immediate}\orm {pdfximage}). The object
-number of the image stream dictionary is then available by the \type {objnum}
-key. No \type {pdf_refximage} whatsit node is generated. You will need an
-\type {img.write(a)} or \type {img.node(a)} call to let the image appear on the
-page, or reference it by another trick; else you will have a dangling image
-object in the \PDF\ file.
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<image> var = img.immediatewrite(<image> var)
-<image> var = img.immediatewrite(<table> image_spec)
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-Also here you can do a terse call like
-
-\starttyping
-a = img.immediatewrite { filename = "foo.png" }
-\stoptyping
-
-The \type {<image>} variable is returned and you will most likely need it.
-
-The next function is kind of special as it copies an object from a (\PDF) image
-file. This features is experimental and might disappear.
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<integer> objnum = img.immediatewriteobject(<image> var, <integer> objnum)
-<integer> objnum = img.immediatewriteobject(<table> image_spec, <integer> objnum)
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-\subsection{\type {node}}
-
-\libindex{node}
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<node> n = img.node(<image> var)
-<node> n = img.node(<table> image_spec)
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-This function allocates a \PDF\ object number and returns a whatsit node of
-subtype \type {pdf_refximage}, filled with the image parameters \type {width},
-\type {height}, \type {depth}, and \type {objnum}. Also here you can do a terse
-call like:
-
-\starttyping
-n = img.node ({ filename = "foo.png" })
-\stoptyping
-
-This example outputs an image:
-
-\starttyping
-node.write(img.node{filename="foo.png"})
-\stoptyping
-
-\subsection{\type {types}}
-
-\topicindex {images+types}
-
-\libindex{types}
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<table> types = img.types()
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-This function returns a list with the supported image file type names, currently
-these are \type {pdf}, \type {png}, \type {jpg}, \type {jp2} (JPEG~2000), and
-\type {jbig2}.
-
-\subsection{\type {boxes}}
-
-\libindex{boxes}
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<table> boxes = img.boxes()
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-This function returns a list with the supported \PDF\ page box names, currently
-these are \type {media}, \type {crop}, \type {bleed}, \type {trim}, and \type
-{art}, all in lowercase.
-
-The \PDF\ file is kept open after its properties are determined. After inclusion,
-which happens when the page that references the image is flushed, the file is
-closed. This means that when you have thousands of images on one page, your
-operating system might decide to abort the run. When you include more than one
-page from a \PDF\ file you can set the \type {keepopen} flag when you allocate an
-image object, or pass the \type {keepopen} directive when you refer to the image
-with \lpr {useimageresource}. This only makes sense when you embed many pages.
-An \prm {immediate} applied to \lpr {saveimageresource} will also force a
-close after inclusion.
-
-\starttyping
-\immediate\useimageresource{foo.pdf}%
- \saveimageresource \lastsavedimageresourceindex % closed
- \useimageresource{foo.pdf}%
- \saveimageresource \lastsavedimageresourceindex % kept open
- \useimageresource{foo.pdf}%
- \saveimageresource keepopen\lastsavedimageresourceindex % kept open
-
-\directlua{img.write(img.scan{ file = "foo.pdf" })} % closed
-\directlua{img.write(img.scan{ file = "foo.pdf", keepopen = true })} % kept open
-\stoptyping
-
-\stopsection
-
-\startsection[title={The \type {mplib} library}][library=mplib]
-
-\topicindex {\METAPOST}
-\topicindex {\METAPOST+mplib}
-\topicindex {images+mplib}
-\topicindex {images+\METAPOST}
-
-\libindex{version}
-
-The \MP\ library interface registers itself in the table \type {mplib}. It is
-based on \MPLIB\ version \ctxlua {context(mplib.version())}.
-
-\subsection{\type {new}}
-
-\libindex{new}
-
-To create a new \METAPOST\ instance, call
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<mpinstance> mp = mplib.new({...})
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-This creates the \type {mp} instance object. The argument hash can have a number
-of different fields, as follows:
-
-\starttabulate[|l|l|pl|pl|]
-\DB name \BC type \BC description \BC default \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type{error_line} \NC number \NC error line width \NC 79 \NC \NR
-\NC \type{print_line} \NC number \NC line length in ps output \NC 100 \NC \NR
-\NC \type{random_seed} \NC number \NC the initial random seed \NC variable \NC \NR
-\NC \type{math_mode} \NC string \NC the number system to use:
- \type {scaled},
- \type {double} or
- % \type {binary} or
- \type {decimal} \NC \type {scaled} \NC \NR
-\NC \type{interaction} \NC string \NC the interaction mode:
- \type {batch},
- \type {nonstop},
- \type {scroll} or
- \type {errorstop} \NC \type {errorstop} \NC \NR
-\NC \type{job_name} \NC string \NC \type {--jobname} \NC \type {mpout} \NC \NR
-\NC \type{find_file} \NC function \NC a function to find files \NC only local files \NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-The binary mode is no longer available in the \LUATEX\ version of \MPLIB. It
-offers no real advantage and brings a ton of extra libraries with platform
-specific properties that we can now avoid. We might introduce a high resolution
-scaled variant at some point but only when it pays of performance wise.
-
-The \type {find_file} function should be of this form:
-
-\starttyping
-<string> found = finder (<string> name, <string> mode, <string> type)
-\stoptyping
-
-with:
-
-\starttabulate[|l|p|]
-\DB name \BC the requested file \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type{mode} \NC the file mode: \type {r} or \type {w} \NC \NR
-\NC \type{type} \NC the kind of file, one of: \type {mp}, \type {tfm}, \type {map},
- \type {pfb}, \type {enc} \NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-Return either the full path name of the found file, or \type {nil} if the file
-cannot be found.
-
-Note that the new version of \MPLIB\ no longer uses binary mem files, so the way
-to preload a set of macros is simply to start off with an \type {input} command
-in the first \type {execute} call.
-
-When you are processing a snippet of text starting with \type {btex} and
-ending with either \type {etex} or \type {verbatimtex}, the \METAPOST\
-\type {texscriptmode} parameter controls how spaces and newlines get honoured.
-The default value is~1. Possible values are:
-
-\starttabulate[|l|p|]
-\DB name \BC meaning \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type {0} \NC no newlines \NC \NR
-\NC \type {1} \NC newlines in \type {verbatimtex} \NC \NR
-\NC \type {2} \NC newlines in \type {verbatimtex} and \type {etex} \NC \NR
-\NC \type {3} \NC no leading and trailing strip in \type {verbatimtex} \NC \NR
-\NC \type {4} \NC no leading and trailing strip in \type {verbatimtex} and \type {btex} \NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-That way the \LUA\ handler (assigned to \type {make_text}) can do what it likes.
-An \type {etex} has to be followed by a space or \type {;} or be at the end of a
-line and preceded by a space or at the beginning of a line.
-
-\subsection{\type {statistics}}
-
-\libindex{statistics}
-
-You can request statistics with:
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<table> stats = mp:statistics()
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-This function returns the vital statistics for an \MPLIB\ instance. There are
-four fields, giving the maximum number of used items in each of four allocated
-object classes:
-
-\starttabulate[|l|l|p|]
-\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type{main_memory} \NC number \NC memory size \NC \NR
-\NC \type{hash_size} \NC number \NC hash size\NC \NR
-\NC \type{param_size} \NC number \NC simultaneous macro parameters\NC \NR
-\NC \type{max_in_open} \NC number \NC input file nesting levels\NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-Note that in the new version of \MPLIB, this is informational only. The objects
-are all allocated dynamically, so there is no chance of running out of space
-unless the available system memory is exhausted.
-
-\subsection{\type {execute}}
-
-\libindex{execute}
-
-You can ask the \METAPOST\ interpreter to run a chunk of code by calling
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<table> rettable = execute(mp,"metapost code")
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-for various bits of \METAPOST\ language input. Be sure to check the \type
-{rettable.status} (see below) because when a fatal \METAPOST\ error occurs the
-\MPLIB\ instance will become unusable thereafter.
-
-Generally speaking, it is best to keep your chunks small, but beware that all
-chunks have to obey proper syntax, like each of them is a small file. For
-instance, you cannot split a single statement over multiple chunks.
-
-In contrast with the normal stand alone \type {mpost} command, there is
-\notabene {no} implied \quote{input} at the start of the first chunk.
-
-\subsection{\type {finish}}
-
-\libindex{finish}
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<table> rettable = finish(mp)
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-If for some reason you want to stop using an \MPLIB\ instance while processing is
-not yet actually done, you can call \type finish}. Eventually, used memory
-will be freed and open files will be closed by the \LUA\ garbage collector, but
-an explicit \type finish} is the only way to capture the final part of the
-output streams.
-
-\subsection{Result table}
-
-\libindex {fields}
-
-The return value of \type {execute} and \type {finish} is a table with a
-few possible keys (only \type {status} is always guaranteed to be present).
-
-\starttabulate[|l|l|p|]
-\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type{log} \NC string \NC output to the \quote {log} stream \NC \NR
-\NC \type{term} \NC string \NC output to the \quote {term} stream \NC \NR
-\NC \type{error} \NC string \NC output to the \quote {error} stream
- (only used for \quote {out of memory}) \NC \NR
-\NC \type{status} \NC number \NC the return value:
- \type {0} = good,
- \type {1} = warning,
- \type {2} = errors,
- \type {3} = fatal error \NC \NR
-\NC \type{fig} \NC table \NC an array of generated figures (if any) \NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-When \type {status} equals~3, you should stop using this \MPLIB\ instance
-immediately, it is no longer capable of processing input.
-
-If it is present, each of the entries in the \type {fig} array is a userdata
-representing a figure object, and each of those has a number of object methods
-you can call:
-
-\starttabulate[|l|l|p|]
-\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type{boundingbox} \NC function \NC returns the bounding box, as an array of 4
- values \NC \NR
-\NC \type{postscript} \NC function \NC returns a string that is the ps output of the
- \type {fig}. this function accepts two optional
- integer arguments for specifying the values of
- \type {prologues} (first argument) and \type
- {procset} (second argument) \NC \NR
-\NC \type{svg} \NC function \NC returns a string that is the svg output of the
- \type {fig}. This function accepts an optional
- integer argument for specifying the value of
- \type {prologues} \NC \NR
-\NC \type{objects} \NC function \NC returns the actual array of graphic objects in
- this \type {fig} \NC \NR
-\NC \type{copy_objects} \NC function \NC returns a deep copy of the array of graphic
- objects in this \type {fig} \NC \NR
-\NC \type{filename} \NC function \NC the filename this \type {fig}'s \POSTSCRIPT\
- output would have written to in stand alone
- mode \NC \NR
-\NC \type{width} \NC function \NC the \type {fontcharwd} value \NC \NR
-\NC \type{height} \NC function \NC the \type {fontcharht} value \NC \NR
-\NC \type{depth} \NC function \NC the \type {fontchardp} value \NC \NR
-\NC \type{italcorr} \NC function \NC the \type {fontcharit} value \NC \NR
-\NC \type{charcode} \NC function \NC the (rounded) \type {charcode} value \NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-Note: you can call \type {fig:objects()} only once for any one \type {fig}
-object!
-
-When the boundingbox represents a \quote {negated rectangle}, i.e.\ when the
-first set of coordinates is larger than the second set, the picture is empty.
-
-Graphical objects come in various types that each has a different list of
-accessible values. The types are: \type {fill}, \type {outline}, \type {text},
-\type {start_clip}, \type {stop_clip}, \type {start_bounds}, \type {stop_bounds},
-\type {special}.
-
-There is a helper function (\type {mplib.fields(obj)}) to get the list of
-accessible values for a particular object, but you can just as easily use the
-tables given below.
-
-All graphical objects have a field \type {type} that gives the object type as a
-string value; it is not explicit mentioned in the following tables. In the
-following, \type {number}s are \POSTSCRIPT\ points represented as a floating
-point number, unless stated otherwise. Field values that are of type \type
-{table} are explained in the next section.
-
-\subsubsection{fill}
-
-\starttabulate[|l|l|p|]
-\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type{path} \NC table \NC the list of knots \NC \NR
-\NC \type{htap} \NC table \NC the list of knots for the reversed trajectory \NC \NR
-\NC \type{pen} \NC table \NC knots of the pen \NC \NR
-\NC \type{color} \NC table \NC the object's color \NC \NR
-\NC \type{linejoin} \NC number \NC line join style (bare number)\NC \NR
-\NC \type{miterlimit} \NC number \NC miterlimit\NC \NR
-\NC \type{prescript} \NC string \NC the prescript text \NC \NR
-\NC \type{postscript} \NC string \NC the postscript text \NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-The entries \type {htap} and \type {pen} are optional.
-
-\subsubsection{outline}
-
-\starttabulate[|l|l|p|]
-\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type{path} \NC table \NC the list of knots \NC \NR
-\NC \type{pen} \NC table \NC knots of the pen \NC \NR
-\NC \type{color} \NC table \NC the object's color \NC \NR
-\NC \type{linejoin} \NC number \NC line join style (bare number) \NC \NR
-\NC \type{miterlimit} \NC number \NC miterlimit \NC \NR
-\NC \type{linecap} \NC number \NC line cap style (bare number) \NC \NR
-\NC \type{dash} \NC table \NC representation of a dash list \NC \NR
-\NC \type{prescript} \NC string \NC the prescript text \NC \NR
-\NC \type{postscript} \NC string \NC the postscript text \NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-The entry \type {dash} is optional.
-
-\subsubsection{text}
-
-\starttabulate[|l|l|p|]
-\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type{text} \NC string \NC the text \NC \NR
-\NC \type{font} \NC string \NC font tfm name \NC \NR
-\NC \type{dsize} \NC number \NC font size \NC \NR
-\NC \type{color} \NC table \NC the object's color \NC \NR
-\NC \type{width} \NC number \NC \NC \NR
-\NC \type{height} \NC number \NC \NC \NR
-\NC \type{depth} \NC number \NC \NC \NR
-\NC \type{transform} \NC table \NC a text transformation \NC \NR
-\NC \type{prescript} \NC string \NC the prescript text \NC \NR
-\NC \type{postscript} \NC string \NC the postscript text \NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-\subsubsection{special}
-
-\starttabulate[|l|l|p|]
-\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type{prescript} \NC string \NC special text \NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-\subsubsection{start_bounds, start_clip}
-
-\starttabulate[|l|l|p|]
-\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type{path} \NC table \NC the list of knots \NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-\subsubsection{stop_bounds, stop_clip}
-
-Here are no fields available.
-
-\subsection{Subsidiary table formats}
-
-\subsubsection{Paths and pens}
-
-Paths and pens (that are really just a special type of paths as far as \MPLIB\ is
-concerned) are represented by an array where each entry is a table that
-represents a knot.
-
-\starttabulate[|l|l|p|]
-\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type{left_type} \NC string \NC when present: endpoint, but usually absent \NC \NR
-\NC \type{right_type} \NC string \NC like \type {left_type} \NC \NR
-\NC \type{x_coord} \NC number \NC X coordinate of this knot \NC \NR
-\NC \type{y_coord} \NC number \NC Y coordinate of this knot \NC \NR
-\NC \type{left_x} \NC number \NC X coordinate of the precontrol point of this knot \NC \NR
-\NC \type{left_y} \NC number \NC Y coordinate of the precontrol point of this knot \NC \NR
-\NC \type{right_x} \NC number \NC X coordinate of the postcontrol point of this knot \NC \NR
-\NC \type{right_y} \NC number \NC Y coordinate of the postcontrol point of this knot \NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-There is one special case: pens that are (possibly transformed) ellipses have an
-extra string-valued key \type {type} with value \type {elliptical} besides the
-array part containing the knot list.
-
-\subsubsection{Colors}
-
-A color is an integer array with 0, 1, 3 or 4 values:
-
-\starttabulate[|l|l|p|]
-\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type{0} \NC marking only \NC no values \NC \NR
-\NC \type{1} \NC greyscale \NC one value in the range $(0,1)$, \quote {black} is $0$ \NC \NR
-\NC \type{3} \NC \RGB \NC three values in the range $(0,1)$, \quote {black} is $0,0,0$ \NC \NR
-\NC \type{4} \NC \CMYK \NC four values in the range $(0,1)$, \quote {black} is $0,0,0,1$ \NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-If the color model of the internal object was \type {uninitialized}, then it was
-initialized to the values representing \quote {black} in the colorspace \type
-{defaultcolormodel} that was in effect at the time of the \type {shipout}.
-
-\subsubsection{Transforms}
-
-Each transform is a six|-|item array.
-
-\starttabulate[|l|l|p|]
-\DB index \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type{1} \NC number \NC represents x \NC \NR
-\NC \type{2} \NC number \NC represents y \NC \NR
-\NC \type{3} \NC number \NC represents xx \NC \NR
-\NC \type{4} \NC number \NC represents yx \NC \NR
-\NC \type{5} \NC number \NC represents xy \NC \NR
-\NC \type{6} \NC number \NC represents yy \NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-Note that the translation (index 1 and 2) comes first. This differs from the
-ordering in \POSTSCRIPT, where the translation comes last.
-
-\subsubsection{Dashes}
-
-Each \type {dash} is two-item hash, using the same model as \POSTSCRIPT\ for the
-representation of the dashlist. \type {dashes} is an array of \quote {on} and
-\quote {off}, values, and \type {offset} is the phase of the pattern.
-
-\starttabulate[|l|l|p|]
-\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type{dashes} \NC hash \NC an array of on-off numbers \NC \NR
-\NC \type{offset} \NC number \NC the starting offset value \NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-\subsection{Pens and \type {pen_info}}
-
-\libindex{pen_info}
-
-There is helper function (\type {pen_info(obj)}) that returns a table containing
-a bunch of vital characteristics of the used pen (all values are floats):
-
-\starttabulate[|l|l|p|]
-\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR
-\TB
-\NC \type{width} \NC number \NC width of the pen \NC \NR
-\NC \type{sx} \NC number \NC $x$ scale \NC \NR
-\NC \type{rx} \NC number \NC $xy$ multiplier \NC \NR
-\NC \type{ry} \NC number \NC $yx$ multiplier \NC \NR
-\NC \type{sy} \NC number \NC $y$ scale \NC \NR
-\NC \type{tx} \NC number \NC $x$ offset \NC \NR
-\NC \type{ty} \NC number \NC $y$ offset \NC \NR
-\LL
-\stoptabulate
-
-\subsection{Character size information}
-
-These functions find the size of a glyph in a defined font. The \type {fontname}
-is the same name as the argument to \type {infont}; the \type {char} is a glyph
-id in the range 0 to 255; the returned \type {w} is in AFM units.
-
-\subsubsection{\type {char_width}}
-
-\libindex{char_width}
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<number> w = char_width(mp,<string> fontname, <number> char)
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-\subsubsection{\type {char_height}}
-
-\libindex{char_height}
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<number> w = char_height(mp,<string> fontname, <number> char)
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-\subsubsection{\type {char_depth}}
-
-\libindex{char_depth}
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<number> w = char_depth(mp,<string> fontname, <number> char)
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-\subsubsection{\type {get_[boolean|numeric|string|path]}}
-
-\libindex{get_boolean}
-\libindex{get_numeric}
-\libindex{get_path}
-\libindex{get_string}
-
-When a script call brings you from the \METAPOST\ run (temporarily) back to
-\LUA\ you can access variables, but only if they are known (so for instance
-anonymous capsules like loop variables are not accessible).
-
-\startfunctioncall
-<boolean> w = get_boolean(mp,<string> name)
-<number> n = get_numeric(mp,<string> name)
-<string> s = get_string (mp,<string> name)
-<table> p = get_path (mp,<string> name)
-\stopfunctioncall
-
-The path is returned a a table with subtables that have six numbers: the
-coordinates of the point, pre- and postcontrol. A \type {cycle} fields indicates
-if a path is cyclic.
-
-\stopsection
-
-\stopchapter
+% language=uk + +% mp solve_path + +\environment luatex-style + +\startcomponent luatex-graphics + +\startchapter[reference=graphics,title={The graphic libraries}] + +\startsection[title={The \type {img} library}][library=img] + +\topicindex {images} +\topicindex {images+library} +\topicindex {graphics} + +The \type {img} library can be used as an alternative to \orm {pdfximage} and +\orm {pdfrefximage}, and the associated \quote {satellite} commands like \type +{\pdfximagebbox}. Image objects can also be used within virtual fonts via the +\type {image} command listed in~\in {section} [virtualfonts]. + +\subsection{\type {new}} + +\libindex{new} + +\startfunctioncall +<image> var = img.new() +<image> var = img.new(<table> image_spec) +\stopfunctioncall + +This function creates a userdata object of type \quote {image}. The \type +{image_spec} argument is optional. If it is given, it must be a table, and that +table must contain a \type {filename} key. A number of other keys can also be +useful, these are explained below. + +You can either say + +\starttyping +a = img.new() +\stoptyping + +followed by + +\starttyping +a.filename = "foo.png" +\stoptyping + +or you can put the file name (and some or all of the other keys) into a table +directly, like so: + +\starttyping +a = img.new({filename='foo.pdf', page=1}) +\stoptyping + +The generated \type {<image>} userdata object allows access to a set of +user|-|specified values as well as a set of values that are normally filled in +and updated automatically by \LUATEX\ itself. Some of those are derived from the +actual image file, others are updated to reflect the \PDF\ output status of the +object. + +There is one required user-specified field: the file name (\type {filename}). It +can optionally be augmented by the requested image dimensions (\type {width}, +\type {depth}, \type {height}), user|-|specified image attributes (\type {attr}), +the requested \PDF\ page identifier (\type {page}), the requested boundingbox +(\type {pagebox}) for \PDF\ inclusion, the requested color space object (\type +{colorspace}). + +The function \type {img.new} does not access the actual image file, it just +creates the \type {<image>} userdata object and initializes some memory +structures. The \type {<image>} object and its internal structures are +automatically garbage collected. + +Once the image is scanned, all the values in the \type {<image>} except \type +{width}, \type {height} and \type {depth}, become frozen, and you cannot change +them any more. + +You can use \type {pdf.setignoreunknownimages(1)} (or at the \TEX\ end the \lpr +{pdfvariable} \type {ignoreunknownimages}) to get around a quit when no known +image type is found (based on name or preamble). Beware: this will not catch +invalid images and we cannot guarantee side effects. A zero dimension image is +still included when requested. No special flags are set. A proper workflow will +not rely in such a catch but make sure that images are valid. + +\subsection{\type {fields}} + +\libindex{fields} + +\startfunctioncall +<table> keys = img.fields() +\stopfunctioncall + +This function returns a list of all the possible \type {image_spec} keys, both +user-supplied and automatic ones. + +\starttabulate[|l|l|p|] +\DB field name \BC type \BC description \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type{attr} \NC string \NC the image attributes for \LUATEX \NC \NR +\NC \type{bbox} \NC table \NC table with 4 boundingbox dimensions \type + {llx}, \type {lly}, \type {urx} and \type + {ury} overruling the \type {pagebox} entry \NC \NR +\NC \type{colordepth} \NC number \NC the number of bits used by the color space \NC \NR +\NC \type{colorspace} \NC number \NC the color space object number \NC \NR +\NC \type{depth} \NC number \NC the image depth for \LUATEX \NC \NR +\NC \type{filename} \NC string \NC the image file name \NC \NR +\NC \type{filepath} \NC string \NC the full (expanded) file name of the image\NC \NR +\NC \type{height} \NC number \NC the image height for \LUATEX \NC \NR +\NC \type{imagetype} \NC string \NC one of \type {pdf}, \type {png}, \type {jpg}, + \type {jp2} or \type {jbig2} \NC \NR +\NC \type{index} \NC number \NC the \PDF\ image name suffix \NC \NR +\NC \type{objnum} \NC number \NC the \PDF\ image object number \NC \NR +\NC \type{page} \NC number \NC the identifier for the requested image page \NC \NR +\NC \type{pagebox} \NC string \NC the requested bounding box, one of + \type {none}, \type {media}, \type {crop}, + \type {bleed}, \type {trim}, \type {art} \NC \NR +\NC \type{pages} \NC number \NC the total number of available pages \NC \NR +\NC \type{rotation} \NC number \NC the image rotation from included \PDF\ file, + in multiples of 90~deg. \NC \NR +\NC \type{stream} \NC string \NC the raw stream data for an \type {/Xobject} + \type {/Form} object\NC \NR +\NC \type{transform} \NC number \NC the image transform, integer number 0..7 \NC \NR +\NC \type{orientation} \NC number \NC the (jpeg) image orientation, integer number 1..8 + (0 for unset) \NC \NR +\NC \type{width} \NC number \NC the image width for \LUATEX \NC \NR +\NC \type{xres} \NC number \NC the horizontal natural image resolution + (in \DPI) \NC \NR +\NC \type{xsize} \NC number \NC the natural image width \NC \NR +\NC \type{yres} \NC number \NC the vertical natural image resolution + (in \DPI) \NC \NR +\NC \type{ysize} \NC number \NC the natural image height \NC \NR +\NC \type{visiblefilename} \NC string \NC when set, this name will find its way in the + \PDF\ file as \type {PTEX} specification; when + an empty string is assigned nothing is written + to file; otherwise the natural filename is + taken \NC \NR +\NC \type{userpassword} \NC string \NC the userpassword needed for opening a \PDF\ file \NC \NR +\NC \type{ownerpassword} \NC string \NC the ownerpassword needed for opening a \PDF\ file \NC \NR +\NC \type{keepopen} \NC boolean \NC keep the \PDF\ file open \NC \NR +\NC \type{nobbox} \NC boolean \NC don't add a boundingbox specification for streams \NC \NR +\NC \type{nolength} \NC boolean \NC don't add length key nor compress for streams \NC \NR +\NC \type{nosize} \NC boolean \NC don't add size fields for streams \NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +A running (undefined) dimension in \type {width}, \type {height}, or \type +{depth} is represented as \type {nil} in \LUA, so if you want to load an image at +its \quote {natural} size, you do not have to specify any of those three fields. + +The \type {stream} parameter allows to fabricate an \type {/XObject} \type +{/Form} object from a string giving the stream contents, e.g., for a filled +rectangle: + +\startfunctioncall +a.stream = "0 0 20 10 re f" +\stopfunctioncall + +When writing the image, an \type {/Xobject} \type {/Form} object is created, like +with embedded \PDF\ file writing. The object is written out only once. The \type +{stream} key requires that also the \type {bbox} table is given. The \type +{stream} key conflicts with the \type {filename} key. The \type {transform} key +works as usual also with \type {stream}. + +The \type {bbox} key needs a table with four boundingbox values, e.g.: + +\startfunctioncall +a.bbox = { "30bp", 0, "225bp", "200bp" } +\stopfunctioncall + +This replaces and overrules any given \type {pagebox} value; with given \type +{bbox} the box dimensions coming with an embedded \PDF\ file are ignored. The +\type {xsize} and \type {ysize} dimensions are set accordingly, when the image is +scaled. The \type {bbox} parameter is ignored for non-\PDF\ images. + +The \type {transform} allows to mirror and rotate the image in steps of 90~deg. +The default value~$0$ gives an unmirrored, unrotated image. Values $1-3$ give +counterclockwise rotation by $90$, $180$, or $270$~degrees, whereas with values +$4-7$ the image is first mirrored and then rotated counterclockwise by $90$, +$180$, or $270$~degrees. The \type {transform} operation gives the same visual +result as if you would externally preprocess the image by a graphics tool and +then use it by \LUATEX. If a \PDF\ file to be embedded already contains a \type +{/Rotate} specification, the rotation result is the combination of the \type +{/Rotate} rotation followed by the \type {transform} operation. + +\subsection{\type {scan}} + +\libindex{scan} + +\startfunctioncall +<image> var = img.scan(<image> var) +<image> var = img.scan(<table> image_spec) +\stopfunctioncall + +When you say \type {img.scan(a)} for a new image, the file is scanned, and +variables such as \type {xsize}, \type {ysize}, image \type {type}, number of +\type {pages}, and the resolution are extracted. Each of the \type {width}, \type +{height}, \type {depth} fields are set up according to the image dimensions, if +they were not given an explicit value already. An image file will never be +scanned more than once for a given image variable. With all subsequent \type +{img.scan(a)} calls only the dimensions are again set up (if they have been +changed by the user in the meantime). + +For ease of use, you can do right-away a + +\starttyping +<image> a = img.scan { filename = "foo.png" } +\stoptyping + +without a prior \type {img.new}. + +Nothing is written yet at this point, so you can do \type {a=img.scan}, retrieve +the available info like image width and height, and then throw away \type {a} +again by saying \type {a=nil}. In that case no image object will be reserved in +the PDF, and the used memory will be cleaned up automatically. + +\subsection{\type {copy}} + +\libindex{copy} + +\startfunctioncall +<image> var = img.copy(<image> var) +<image> var = img.copy(<table> image_spec) +\stopfunctioncall + +If you say \type {a = b}, then both variables point to the same \type {<image>} +object. if you want to write out an image with different sizes, you can do +\type {b = img.copy(a)}. + +Afterwards, \type {a} and \type {b} still reference the same actual image +dictionary, but the dimensions for \type {b} can now be changed from their +initial values that were just copies from \type {a}. + +\subsection{\type {write}, \type {immediatewrite}, \type {immediatewriteobject}} + +\topicindex {images+injection} +\topicindex {images+immediate} +\topicindex {images+object} + +\libindex{write} +\libindex{immediatewrite} +\libindex{immediatewriteobject} + +\startfunctioncall +<image> var = img.write(<image> var) +<image> var = img.write(<table> image_spec) +\stopfunctioncall + +By \type {img.write(a)} a \PDF\ object number is allocated, and a rule node of +subtype \type {image} is generated and put into the output list. By this the +image \type {a} is placed into the page stream, and the image file is written out +into an image stream object after the shipping of the current page is finished. + +Again you can do a terse call like + +\starttyping +img.write { filename = "foo.png" } +\stoptyping + +The \type {<image>} variable is returned in case you want it for later +processing. You can also write an object. + +By \type {img.immediatewrite(a)} a \PDF\ object number is allocated, and the +image file for image \type {a} is written out immediately into the \PDF\ file as +an image stream object (like with \prm {immediate}\orm {pdfximage}). The object +number of the image stream dictionary is then available by the \type {objnum} +key. No \type {pdf_refximage} whatsit node is generated. You will need an +\type {img.write(a)} or \type {img.node(a)} call to let the image appear on the +page, or reference it by another trick; else you will have a dangling image +object in the \PDF\ file. + +\startfunctioncall +<image> var = img.immediatewrite(<image> var) +<image> var = img.immediatewrite(<table> image_spec) +\stopfunctioncall + +Also here you can do a terse call like + +\starttyping +a = img.immediatewrite { filename = "foo.png" } +\stoptyping + +The \type {<image>} variable is returned and you will most likely need it. + +The next function is kind of special as it copies an object from a (\PDF) image +file. This features is experimental and might disappear. + +\startfunctioncall +<integer> objnum = img.immediatewriteobject(<image> var, <integer> objnum) +<integer> objnum = img.immediatewriteobject(<table> image_spec, <integer> objnum) +\stopfunctioncall + +\subsection{\type {node}} + +\libindex{node} + +\startfunctioncall +<node> n = img.node(<image> var) +<node> n = img.node(<table> image_spec) +\stopfunctioncall + +This function allocates a \PDF\ object number and returns a whatsit node of +subtype \type {pdf_refximage}, filled with the image parameters \type {width}, +\type {height}, \type {depth}, and \type {objnum}. Also here you can do a terse +call like: + +\starttyping +n = img.node ({ filename = "foo.png" }) +\stoptyping + +This example outputs an image: + +\starttyping +node.write(img.node{filename="foo.png"}) +\stoptyping + +\subsection{\type {types}} + +\topicindex {images+types} + +\libindex{types} + +\startfunctioncall +<table> types = img.types() +\stopfunctioncall + +This function returns a list with the supported image file type names, currently +these are \type {pdf}, \type {png}, \type {jpg}, \type {jp2} (JPEG~2000), and +\type {jbig2}. + +\subsection{\type {boxes}} + +\libindex{boxes} + +\startfunctioncall +<table> boxes = img.boxes() +\stopfunctioncall + +This function returns a list with the supported \PDF\ page box names, currently +these are \type {media}, \type {crop}, \type {bleed}, \type {trim}, and \type +{art}, all in lowercase. + +The \PDF\ file is kept open after its properties are determined. After inclusion, +which happens when the page that references the image is flushed, the file is +closed. This means that when you have thousands of images on one page, your +operating system might decide to abort the run. When you include more than one +page from a \PDF\ file you can set the \type {keepopen} flag when you allocate an +image object, or pass the \type {keepopen} directive when you refer to the image +with \lpr {useimageresource}. This only makes sense when you embed many pages. +An \prm {immediate} applied to \lpr {saveimageresource} will also force a +close after inclusion. + +\starttyping +\immediate\useimageresource{foo.pdf}% + \saveimageresource \lastsavedimageresourceindex % closed + \useimageresource{foo.pdf}% + \saveimageresource \lastsavedimageresourceindex % kept open + \useimageresource{foo.pdf}% + \saveimageresource keepopen\lastsavedimageresourceindex % kept open + +\directlua{img.write(img.scan{ file = "foo.pdf" })} % closed +\directlua{img.write(img.scan{ file = "foo.pdf", keepopen = true })} % kept open +\stoptyping + +\stopsection + +\startsection[title={The \type {mplib} library}][library=mplib] + +\topicindex {\METAPOST} +\topicindex {\METAPOST+mplib} +\topicindex {images+mplib} +\topicindex {images+\METAPOST} + +\libindex{version} + +The \MP\ library interface registers itself in the table \type {mplib}. It is +based on \MPLIB\ version \ctxlua {context(mplib.version())}. + +\subsection{\type {new}} + +\libindex{new} + +To create a new \METAPOST\ instance, call + +\startfunctioncall +<mpinstance> mp = mplib.new({...}) +\stopfunctioncall + +This creates the \type {mp} instance object. The argument hash can have a number +of different fields, as follows: + +\starttabulate[|l|l|pl|pl|] +\DB name \BC type \BC description \BC default \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type{error_line} \NC number \NC error line width \NC 79 \NC \NR +\NC \type{print_line} \NC number \NC line length in ps output \NC 100 \NC \NR +\NC \type{random_seed} \NC number \NC the initial random seed \NC variable \NC \NR +\NC \type{math_mode} \NC string \NC the number system to use: + \type {scaled}, + \type {double} or + % \type {binary} or + \type {decimal} \NC \type {scaled} \NC \NR +\NC \type{interaction} \NC string \NC the interaction mode: + \type {batch}, + \type {nonstop}, + \type {scroll} or + \type {errorstop} \NC \type {errorstop} \NC \NR +\NC \type{job_name} \NC string \NC \type {--jobname} \NC \type {mpout} \NC \NR +\NC \type{find_file} \NC function \NC a function to find files \NC only local files \NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +The binary mode is no longer available in the \LUATEX\ version of \MPLIB. It +offers no real advantage and brings a ton of extra libraries with platform +specific properties that we can now avoid. We might introduce a high resolution +scaled variant at some point but only when it pays of performance wise. + +The \type {find_file} function should be of this form: + +\starttyping +<string> found = finder (<string> name, <string> mode, <string> type) +\stoptyping + +with: + +\starttabulate[|l|p|] +\DB name \BC the requested file \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type{mode} \NC the file mode: \type {r} or \type {w} \NC \NR +\NC \type{type} \NC the kind of file, one of: \type {mp}, \type {tfm}, \type {map}, + \type {pfb}, \type {enc} \NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +Return either the full path name of the found file, or \type {nil} if the file +cannot be found. + +Note that the new version of \MPLIB\ no longer uses binary mem files, so the way +to preload a set of macros is simply to start off with an \type {input} command +in the first \type {execute} call. + +When you are processing a snippet of text starting with \type {btex} and +ending with either \type {etex} or \type {verbatimtex}, the \METAPOST\ +\type {texscriptmode} parameter controls how spaces and newlines get honoured. +The default value is~1. Possible values are: + +\starttabulate[|l|p|] +\DB name \BC meaning \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type {0} \NC no newlines \NC \NR +\NC \type {1} \NC newlines in \type {verbatimtex} \NC \NR +\NC \type {2} \NC newlines in \type {verbatimtex} and \type {etex} \NC \NR +\NC \type {3} \NC no leading and trailing strip in \type {verbatimtex} \NC \NR +\NC \type {4} \NC no leading and trailing strip in \type {verbatimtex} and \type {btex} \NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +That way the \LUA\ handler (assigned to \type {make_text}) can do what it likes. +An \type {etex} has to be followed by a space or \type {;} or be at the end of a +line and preceded by a space or at the beginning of a line. + +\subsection{\type {statistics}} + +\libindex{statistics} + +You can request statistics with: + +\startfunctioncall +<table> stats = mp:statistics() +\stopfunctioncall + +This function returns the vital statistics for an \MPLIB\ instance. There are +four fields, giving the maximum number of used items in each of four allocated +object classes: + +\starttabulate[|l|l|p|] +\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type{main_memory} \NC number \NC memory size \NC \NR +\NC \type{hash_size} \NC number \NC hash size\NC \NR +\NC \type{param_size} \NC number \NC simultaneous macro parameters\NC \NR +\NC \type{max_in_open} \NC number \NC input file nesting levels\NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +Note that in the new version of \MPLIB, this is informational only. The objects +are all allocated dynamically, so there is no chance of running out of space +unless the available system memory is exhausted. + +\subsection{\type {execute}} + +\libindex{execute} + +You can ask the \METAPOST\ interpreter to run a chunk of code by calling + +\startfunctioncall +<table> rettable = execute(mp,"metapost code") +\stopfunctioncall + +for various bits of \METAPOST\ language input. Be sure to check the \type +{rettable.status} (see below) because when a fatal \METAPOST\ error occurs the +\MPLIB\ instance will become unusable thereafter. + +Generally speaking, it is best to keep your chunks small, but beware that all +chunks have to obey proper syntax, like each of them is a small file. For +instance, you cannot split a single statement over multiple chunks. + +In contrast with the normal stand alone \type {mpost} command, there is +\notabene {no} implied \quote{input} at the start of the first chunk. + +\subsection{\type {finish}} + +\libindex{finish} + +\startfunctioncall +<table> rettable = finish(mp) +\stopfunctioncall + +If for some reason you want to stop using an \MPLIB\ instance while processing is +not yet actually done, you can call \type finish}. Eventually, used memory +will be freed and open files will be closed by the \LUA\ garbage collector, but +an explicit \type finish} is the only way to capture the final part of the +output streams. + +\subsection{Result table} + +\libindex {fields} + +The return value of \type {execute} and \type {finish} is a table with a +few possible keys (only \type {status} is always guaranteed to be present). + +\starttabulate[|l|l|p|] +\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type{log} \NC string \NC output to the \quote {log} stream \NC \NR +\NC \type{term} \NC string \NC output to the \quote {term} stream \NC \NR +\NC \type{error} \NC string \NC output to the \quote {error} stream + (only used for \quote {out of memory}) \NC \NR +\NC \type{status} \NC number \NC the return value: + \type {0} = good, + \type {1} = warning, + \type {2} = errors, + \type {3} = fatal error \NC \NR +\NC \type{fig} \NC table \NC an array of generated figures (if any) \NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +When \type {status} equals~3, you should stop using this \MPLIB\ instance +immediately, it is no longer capable of processing input. + +If it is present, each of the entries in the \type {fig} array is a userdata +representing a figure object, and each of those has a number of object methods +you can call: + +\starttabulate[|l|l|p|] +\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type{boundingbox} \NC function \NC returns the bounding box, as an array of 4 + values \NC \NR +\NC \type{postscript} \NC function \NC returns a string that is the ps output of the + \type {fig}. this function accepts two optional + integer arguments for specifying the values of + \type {prologues} (first argument) and \type + {procset} (second argument) \NC \NR +\NC \type{svg} \NC function \NC returns a string that is the svg output of the + \type {fig}. This function accepts an optional + integer argument for specifying the value of + \type {prologues} \NC \NR +\NC \type{objects} \NC function \NC returns the actual array of graphic objects in + this \type {fig} \NC \NR +\NC \type{copy_objects} \NC function \NC returns a deep copy of the array of graphic + objects in this \type {fig} \NC \NR +\NC \type{filename} \NC function \NC the filename this \type {fig}'s \POSTSCRIPT\ + output would have written to in stand alone + mode \NC \NR +\NC \type{width} \NC function \NC the \type {fontcharwd} value \NC \NR +\NC \type{height} \NC function \NC the \type {fontcharht} value \NC \NR +\NC \type{depth} \NC function \NC the \type {fontchardp} value \NC \NR +\NC \type{italcorr} \NC function \NC the \type {fontcharit} value \NC \NR +\NC \type{charcode} \NC function \NC the (rounded) \type {charcode} value \NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +Note: you can call \type {fig:objects()} only once for any one \type {fig} +object! + +When the boundingbox represents a \quote {negated rectangle}, i.e.\ when the +first set of coordinates is larger than the second set, the picture is empty. + +Graphical objects come in various types that each has a different list of +accessible values. The types are: \type {fill}, \type {outline}, \type {text}, +\type {start_clip}, \type {stop_clip}, \type {start_bounds}, \type {stop_bounds}, +\type {special}. + +There is a helper function (\type {mplib.fields(obj)}) to get the list of +accessible values for a particular object, but you can just as easily use the +tables given below. + +All graphical objects have a field \type {type} that gives the object type as a +string value; it is not explicit mentioned in the following tables. In the +following, \type {number}s are \POSTSCRIPT\ points represented as a floating +point number, unless stated otherwise. Field values that are of type \type +{table} are explained in the next section. + +\subsubsection{fill} + +\starttabulate[|l|l|p|] +\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type{path} \NC table \NC the list of knots \NC \NR +\NC \type{htap} \NC table \NC the list of knots for the reversed trajectory \NC \NR +\NC \type{pen} \NC table \NC knots of the pen \NC \NR +\NC \type{color} \NC table \NC the object's color \NC \NR +\NC \type{linejoin} \NC number \NC line join style (bare number)\NC \NR +\NC \type{miterlimit} \NC number \NC miterlimit\NC \NR +\NC \type{prescript} \NC string \NC the prescript text \NC \NR +\NC \type{postscript} \NC string \NC the postscript text \NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +The entries \type {htap} and \type {pen} are optional. + +\subsubsection{outline} + +\starttabulate[|l|l|p|] +\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type{path} \NC table \NC the list of knots \NC \NR +\NC \type{pen} \NC table \NC knots of the pen \NC \NR +\NC \type{color} \NC table \NC the object's color \NC \NR +\NC \type{linejoin} \NC number \NC line join style (bare number) \NC \NR +\NC \type{miterlimit} \NC number \NC miterlimit \NC \NR +\NC \type{linecap} \NC number \NC line cap style (bare number) \NC \NR +\NC \type{dash} \NC table \NC representation of a dash list \NC \NR +\NC \type{prescript} \NC string \NC the prescript text \NC \NR +\NC \type{postscript} \NC string \NC the postscript text \NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +The entry \type {dash} is optional. + +\subsubsection{text} + +\starttabulate[|l|l|p|] +\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type{text} \NC string \NC the text \NC \NR +\NC \type{font} \NC string \NC font tfm name \NC \NR +\NC \type{dsize} \NC number \NC font size \NC \NR +\NC \type{color} \NC table \NC the object's color \NC \NR +\NC \type{width} \NC number \NC \NC \NR +\NC \type{height} \NC number \NC \NC \NR +\NC \type{depth} \NC number \NC \NC \NR +\NC \type{transform} \NC table \NC a text transformation \NC \NR +\NC \type{prescript} \NC string \NC the prescript text \NC \NR +\NC \type{postscript} \NC string \NC the postscript text \NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +\subsubsection{special} + +\starttabulate[|l|l|p|] +\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type{prescript} \NC string \NC special text \NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +\subsubsection{start_bounds, start_clip} + +\starttabulate[|l|l|p|] +\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type{path} \NC table \NC the list of knots \NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +\subsubsection{stop_bounds, stop_clip} + +Here are no fields available. + +\subsection{Subsidiary table formats} + +\subsubsection{Paths and pens} + +Paths and pens (that are really just a special type of paths as far as \MPLIB\ is +concerned) are represented by an array where each entry is a table that +represents a knot. + +\starttabulate[|l|l|p|] +\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type{left_type} \NC string \NC when present: endpoint, but usually absent \NC \NR +\NC \type{right_type} \NC string \NC like \type {left_type} \NC \NR +\NC \type{x_coord} \NC number \NC X coordinate of this knot \NC \NR +\NC \type{y_coord} \NC number \NC Y coordinate of this knot \NC \NR +\NC \type{left_x} \NC number \NC X coordinate of the precontrol point of this knot \NC \NR +\NC \type{left_y} \NC number \NC Y coordinate of the precontrol point of this knot \NC \NR +\NC \type{right_x} \NC number \NC X coordinate of the postcontrol point of this knot \NC \NR +\NC \type{right_y} \NC number \NC Y coordinate of the postcontrol point of this knot \NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +There is one special case: pens that are (possibly transformed) ellipses have an +extra string-valued key \type {type} with value \type {elliptical} besides the +array part containing the knot list. + +\subsubsection{Colors} + +A color is an integer array with 0, 1, 3 or 4 values: + +\starttabulate[|l|l|p|] +\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type{0} \NC marking only \NC no values \NC \NR +\NC \type{1} \NC greyscale \NC one value in the range $(0,1)$, \quote {black} is $0$ \NC \NR +\NC \type{3} \NC \RGB \NC three values in the range $(0,1)$, \quote {black} is $0,0,0$ \NC \NR +\NC \type{4} \NC \CMYK \NC four values in the range $(0,1)$, \quote {black} is $0,0,0,1$ \NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +If the color model of the internal object was \type {uninitialized}, then it was +initialized to the values representing \quote {black} in the colorspace \type +{defaultcolormodel} that was in effect at the time of the \type {shipout}. + +\subsubsection{Transforms} + +Each transform is a six|-|item array. + +\starttabulate[|l|l|p|] +\DB index \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type{1} \NC number \NC represents x \NC \NR +\NC \type{2} \NC number \NC represents y \NC \NR +\NC \type{3} \NC number \NC represents xx \NC \NR +\NC \type{4} \NC number \NC represents yx \NC \NR +\NC \type{5} \NC number \NC represents xy \NC \NR +\NC \type{6} \NC number \NC represents yy \NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +Note that the translation (index 1 and 2) comes first. This differs from the +ordering in \POSTSCRIPT, where the translation comes last. + +\subsubsection{Dashes} + +Each \type {dash} is two-item hash, using the same model as \POSTSCRIPT\ for the +representation of the dashlist. \type {dashes} is an array of \quote {on} and +\quote {off}, values, and \type {offset} is the phase of the pattern. + +\starttabulate[|l|l|p|] +\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type{dashes} \NC hash \NC an array of on-off numbers \NC \NR +\NC \type{offset} \NC number \NC the starting offset value \NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +\subsection{Pens and \type {pen_info}} + +\libindex{pen_info} + +There is helper function (\type {pen_info(obj)}) that returns a table containing +a bunch of vital characteristics of the used pen (all values are floats): + +\starttabulate[|l|l|p|] +\DB field \BC type \BC explanation \NC \NR +\TB +\NC \type{width} \NC number \NC width of the pen \NC \NR +\NC \type{sx} \NC number \NC $x$ scale \NC \NR +\NC \type{rx} \NC number \NC $xy$ multiplier \NC \NR +\NC \type{ry} \NC number \NC $yx$ multiplier \NC \NR +\NC \type{sy} \NC number \NC $y$ scale \NC \NR +\NC \type{tx} \NC number \NC $x$ offset \NC \NR +\NC \type{ty} \NC number \NC $y$ offset \NC \NR +\LL +\stoptabulate + +\subsection{Character size information} + +These functions find the size of a glyph in a defined font. The \type {fontname} +is the same name as the argument to \type {infont}; the \type {char} is a glyph +id in the range 0 to 255; the returned \type {w} is in AFM units. + +\subsubsection{\type {char_width}} + +\libindex{char_width} + +\startfunctioncall +<number> w = char_width(mp,<string> fontname, <number> char) +\stopfunctioncall + +\subsubsection{\type {char_height}} + +\libindex{char_height} + +\startfunctioncall +<number> w = char_height(mp,<string> fontname, <number> char) +\stopfunctioncall + +\subsubsection{\type {char_depth}} + +\libindex{char_depth} + +\startfunctioncall +<number> w = char_depth(mp,<string> fontname, <number> char) +\stopfunctioncall + +\subsubsection{\type {get_[boolean|numeric|string|path]}} + +\libindex{get_boolean} +\libindex{get_numeric} +\libindex{get_path} +\libindex{get_string} + +When a script call brings you from the \METAPOST\ run (temporarily) back to +\LUA\ you can access variables, but only if they are known (so for instance +anonymous capsules like loop variables are not accessible). + +\startfunctioncall +<boolean> w = get_boolean(mp,<string> name) +<number> n = get_numeric(mp,<string> name) +<string> s = get_string (mp,<string> name) +<table> p = get_path (mp,<string> name) +\stopfunctioncall + +The path is returned a a table with subtables that have six numbers: the +coordinates of the point, pre- and postcontrol. A \type {cycle} fields indicates +if a path is cyclic. + +\stopsection + +\stopchapter |