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diff --git a/obsolete/macros/latex209/contrib/aasmacros/sample2.tex b/obsolete/macros/latex209/contrib/aasmacros/sample2.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b3f1b57de6 --- /dev/null +++ b/obsolete/macros/latex209/contrib/aasmacros/sample2.tex @@ -0,0 +1,503 @@ +% SAMPLE2.TEX -- AASTeX macro package tutorial paper. + +% The first item in a LaTeX file must be a \documentstyle command to +% declare the overall style of the paper. The two \documentstyle lines +% that are relevant for the AASTeX macros are shown; one is commented out +% so that the file can be processed. + +\documentstyle[12pt,aasms]{article} +%\documentstyle[11pt,aaspp]{article} +%\documentstyle[aaspptwo]{article} + +% There are two optional preamble declarations that enable to user to +% control certain formatting options. \tighten is used with the +% aasms substyle to turn off double-spacing; don't do this for +% actual manuscripts intended for editorial review, only for your friends. +% +% \eqsecnum changes the way equations are numbered. Normally, +% equations are just numbered sequentially through the entire paper. +% If \eqsecnum appears in the preamble, equation numbers will +% be sequential through each section, and will be formatted "(sec-eqn)", +% where sec is the current section number and eqn is the number of the +% equation within that section. \eqsecnum can be used with +% either substyle. + +%\tighten +%\eqsecnum + +% Here's some slug-line data. They're never printed out by these +% substyles because they're only relevant to the actual publication +% process, and these styles aren't used in publication (yet). +% The receipt and acceptance dates would be filled in by the editorial +% staff on the appropriate dates; they are commented out in this sample +% so that the abstract environment prints out rules so that the dates +% can be typed onto the manuscript according to current practice. + +\received{4 August 1988} +%\accepted{23 September 1988} +\journalid{337}{15 January 1989} +\articleid{11}{14} + +% This is the end of the "preamble". Now we wish to start with the +% real material for the paper, which we indicate with \begin{document}. +% Following the \begin{document} command is the front matter for the +% paper, viz., the title, author and address data, the abstract, and +% any keywords or subject headings that are relevant. + +\slugcomment{Not to appear in Nonlearned J., 45.} + +\begin{document} + +\title{Collapsed Cores in Globular Clusters,\\ + Gauge-Boson Couplings,\\ + and AAS\TeX\ Macro Sample} + +\author{S. Djorgovski\altaffilmark{1,2,3} and Ivan R. King\altaffilmark{1}} +\affil{Astronomy Department, University of California, + Berkeley, CA 94720} + +\author{C. D. Biemesderfer\altaffilmark{4,5}} +\affil{National Optical Astronomy Observatories, Tucson, AZ 85719} + +\and + +\author{R. J. Hanisch\altaffilmark{5}} +\affil{Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD 21218} + +% Notice that each of these authors has alternate affiliations, which +% are identified by the \altaffilmark after each name. The actual alternate +% affiliation information is typeset in footnotes at the bottom of the +% first page, and the text itself is specified in \altaffiltext commands. +% There is a separate \altaffiltext for each alternate affiliation +% indicated above. + +\altaffiltext{1}{Visiting Astronomer, Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. +CTIO is operated by AURA, Inc.\ under contract to the National Science +Foundation.} +\altaffiltext{2}{Society of Fellows, Harvard University.} +\altaffiltext{3}{present address: Center for Astrophysics, + 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138} +\altaffiltext{4}{Visiting Programmer, Space Telescope Science Institute} +\altaffiltext{5}{Patron, Alonso's Bar and Grill} + +% The abstract environment prints out the receipt and acceptance dates +% if they are relevant for the journal style. For the aasms style, they +% will print out as horizontal rules for the editorial staff to type +% on, so long as the author does not include \received and \accepted +% commands. This should not be done, since \received and \accepted dates +% are not known to the author. + +\begin{abstract} +This is a preliminary report on surface photometry of the major +fraction of known globular clusters, to see which of them show the signs +of a collapsed core. +We also show off the results of some recreational mathematics, +and give pause to consider the dangers of the too fertile mind. +\end{abstract} + +\keywords{clusters: globular, peanut --- bosons: bozos} +%\keywords{globular clusters,peanut clusters,bosons,bozos} + +% That's it for the front matter. On to the main body of the paper. +% We'll only put in tutorial remarks at the beginning of each section +% so you can see entire sections together. +% +% In the first two sections, you should notice the use of the LaTeX \cite +% command to identify citations. The citations are tied to the +% reference list via symbolic tags. We have chosen the first three +% characters of the first author's name plus the last two numeral of the +% year of publication. The corresponding reference has a \bibitem +% command in the reference list below. +% +% Please go to the LaTeX manual for a complete description of the +% \cite-\bibitem mechanism. + +\section{Introduction} + +A focal problem today in the dynamics of globular clusters is +core collapse. It has been predicted by theory +for decades (\cite{hen61,lyn68,spi85}), but +observation has been less alert to the phenomenon. For many years the +central brightness peak in M15 (\cite{kin75,new78}) +seemed a unique anomaly. Then Auri\`ere (1982) suggested a central peak +in NGC 6397, and a limited photographic survey of ours (\cite[Paper I]{djo84}) +found three more cases, including NGC 6624, whose +sharp center had often been remarked on (e.g., \cite{can78}). + +\section{Observations} + +All our observations were short direct exposures with CCD's. At +Lick Observatory we used a TI 500$\times$500 chip +and a GEC 575$\times$385, on the 1-m Nickel reflector. The only +filter available at Lick was red. At CTIO we used a GEC 575$\times$385, with +$B, V,$ and $R$ filters, and an RCA 512$\times$320, with $U, B, V, R,$ and $I$ +filters, on the 1.5-m reflector. In the CTIO observations we tried to +concentrate on the shortest practicable wavelengths; but faintness, reddening, +and poor short-wavelength sensitivity often kept us from observing in $U$ or +even in $B$. All four cameras had scales of the order of 0.4 arcsec/pixel, and +our field sizes were around 3 arcmin. + +The CCD images are unfortunately not always suitable, for very poor +clusters or for clusters with large cores. Since the latter are easily +studied by other means, we augmented our own CCD profiles by collecting +from the literature a number of star-count +profiles (\cite{kin68,pet76,har84,ort85}), +as well as photoelectric profiles (\cite{kin66}) and +electronographic profiles (\cite{kro84}). +In a few cases we judged normality by eye estimates on one of the Sky +Surveys. + +% In this section, we see the use of the \subsection command to set off +% an independent subsection. We only have one here; usually there would +% be several. +% +% We show the use of several of the displayed math environments described +% in the User Guide, and you get a healthy dose of mathematical typesetting +% examples. Also, observe the use of the LaTeX \label command after the +% \subsection to give a symbolic tag to the subsection for cross-referencing +% in a \ref command. LaTeX automatically numbers the sections, equations, +% tables, etc. as it goes, so in general you don't know what number something +% is going to have. We'll refer to the "hairymath" section a little later. + +\section{Helicity Amplitudes} + +It has been realized that helicity amplitudes provide a convenient means +for Feynman diagram\footnote{Footnotes can be inserted like this.} +evaluations. These amplitude-level techniques +are particularly convenient for calculations involving many Feynman +diagrams, where the usual trace techniques for the amplitude +squared becomes unwieldy. Our calculations use the helicity techniques +developed by other authors (\cite{hag86}); we briefly summarize below. + +\subsection{Formalism} \label{hairymath} + +A tree-level amplitude in $e^+e^-$ collisions can be expressed in +terms of fermion strings of the form +\begin{equation} +\bar v(p_2,\sigma_2)P_{-\tau}\not\!a_1\not\!a_2\cdots +\not\!a_nu(p_1,\sigma_1)\;, +\end{equation} +where $p$ and $\sigma$ label the initial $e^{\pm}$ four-momenta +and helicities $(\sigma = \pm 1)$, $\not\!a_i=a^\mu_i\gamma_\nu$ +and $P_\tau=\frac{1}{2}(1+\tau\gamma_5)$ is a chirality projection +operator $(\tau = \pm1)$. The $a^\mu_i$ may be formed from particle +four-momenta, gauge-boson polarization vectors or fermion strings with +an uncontracted Lorentz index associated with final-state fermions. + +In the chiral representation the $\gamma$ matrices are expressed +in terms of $2\times 2$ Pauli matrices $\sigma$ and the unit matrix 1 as +\begin{mathletters} +\begin{eqnarray} +\gamma^\mu \: & = & +\: \left( +\begin{array}{cc} +0 & \sigma^\mu_+ \\ +\sigma^\mu_- & 0 +\end{array} \; \; \right)\;, +\;\gamma^5= \left( +\begin{array}{cc} +-1 & \; 0\\ +0 & \; 1 +\end{array} \; \; \right) \;, \nonumber \\ & & \\ +\sigma^\mu_{\pm} \:& = & \: ({\bf 1} ,\pm \sigma)\;, \nonumber +\end{eqnarray} +\end{mathletters} +giving +\begin{equation} +\not\!a= \left( +\begin{array}{cc} +0 & (\not\!a)_+\\ +(\not\!a)_- & 0 +\end{array}\right),\;(\not\!a)_\pm=a_\mu\sigma^\mu_\pm\;, +\end{equation} +The spinors are expressed in terms of two-component Weyl spinors as +\begin{equation} +u=\left( +\begin{array}{c} +(u)_-\\ +(u)_+ +\end{array}\right),\;v={\bf (}(v)^\dagger_+{\bf ,} \; (v)^\dagger_-{\bf )}\;. +\eqnum{3A} +\end{equation} +The Weyl spinors are given in terms of helicity eigenstates +$\chi_\lambda(p)$ with $\lambda=\pm1$ by +\begin{eqnarray} +u(p,\lambda)_\pm & = & (E\pm\lambda|{\bf p}|)^{1/2}\chi_\lambda(p)\;, +\nonumber \\ & & \\ +v(p,\lambda)_\pm & = & \pm\lambda(E\mp\lambda|{\bf p}|)^{1/2}\chi +_{-\lambda}(p) \nonumber +\end{eqnarray} + +% In these sections, we see some additional math-related markup, and we +% have references to one of the tables (occurs later in the document) +% and the "hairymath" section immediately preceding this one. +% +% In the second paragraph, note the use of in-text math ($stuff$) including +% a couple of the miscellaneous symbol commands defined in the AASTeX macro +% package. +% +% This is the last section of the paper, so there is an \acknowledgments +% section at the end of the main body. + +\section{Floating material and so forth} + +Consider a task that computes profile parameters for a modified +Lorentzian of the form +\begin{equation} +I = \frac{1}{1 + d_{1}^{P (1 + d_{2} )}} +\end{equation} +where +\begin{displaymath} +d_{1} = \sqrt{ \left( \begin{array}{c} \frac{x_{1}}{R_{maj}} +\end{array} \right) ^{2} + +\left( \begin{array}{c} \frac{y_{1}}{R_{min}} \end{array} \right) ^{2} } +\end{displaymath} +\begin{displaymath} +d_{2} = \sqrt{ \left( \begin{array}{c} \frac{x_{1}}{P R_{maj}} +\end{array} \right) ^{2} + +\left( \begin{array}{c} \case{y_{1}}{P R_{min}} \end{array} \right) ^{2} } +\end{displaymath} +\[x_{1} = (x - x_{0}) \cos \Theta + (y - y_{0}) \sin \Theta \] +\[y_{1} = -(x - x_{0}) \sin \Theta + (y - y_{0}) \cos \Theta \] + +In these expressions $x_{0}$,$y_{0}$ is the star center, and $\Theta$ is the +angle with the $x$ axis. Results of this task are shown in table~\ref{tbl-1}. +It is not clear how these sorts of analyses may affect determination of +$M_{\sun}$ and $M_{\earth}$, but the assumption is that the alternate results +should be less than 90\deg\ out of phase with previous values. +We have no observations of \ion{Ca}{2}. +Roughly \slantfrac{4}{5} of the electronically submitted abstracts +for AAS meetings are error-free. + +\acknowledgments + +We are grateful to V. Barger, T. Han, and R. J. N. Phillips for +doing the math in section~\ref{hairymath}. + +\appendix +\section{Floating material and so forth} + +Consider a task that computes profile parameters for a modified +Lorentzian of the form +\begin{equation} +I = \frac{1}{1 + d_{1}^{P (1 + d_{2} )}} +\end{equation} +where +\begin{mathletters} +\begin{displaymath} +d_{1} = \frac{3}{4} \sqrt{ \left( \begin{array}{c} \frac{x_{1}}{R_{maj}} +\end{array} \right) ^{2} + +\left( \begin{array}{c} \frac{y_{1}}{R_{min}} \end{array} \right) ^{2} } +\end{displaymath} +\begin{equation} +d_{2} = \case{3}{4} \sqrt{ \left( \begin{array}{c} \frac{x_{1}}{P R_{maj}} +\end{array} \right) ^{2} + +\left( \begin{array}{c} \case{y_{1}}{P R_{min}} \end{array} \right) ^{2} } +\end{equation} +\begin{eqnarray} +x_{1} & = & (x - x_{0}) \cos \Theta + (y - y_{0}) \sin \Theta\\ +y_{1} & = & -(x - x_{0}) \sin \Theta + (y - y_{0}) \cos \Theta +\end{eqnarray} +\end{mathletters} + +For completeness, here is one last equation. +\begin{equation} +e = mc^2 +\end{equation} + +% That's the end of the main body of the paper. Now we will have some +% back matter. +% +% Tables are usually supposed to be submitted one per page, following +% the main body of the text, so before each table we would have a +% \clearpage to force a page break at that point. There should also +% be a \clearpage after the last table so that it gets forced onto +% its own page, too. +% +% The tabular data is aligned within the "tabular" environment. Observe +% that our tabular environment is embedded within a "center" environment, +% which is in turn inside a "table" environment. Exercise for the reader: +% Why do you think we used the "table*" environment? +% +% We need the table environment for autonumbering and caption generation, +% which is why it is not enough to have a centered tabular. +% +% Within the tabular environment, please note that we use no vertical +% rules, and the only horizontal rule is the \tableline (*not* an \hline) +% which delimits the column headings from the tabular data. Also note +% that a couple of the column headings require special annotation, i.e., +% footnotes for tables. They are marked and tagged with \tablenotemark. +% \tablenotemarks could be placed on individual data entries as well, +% but be careful not to go berserk doing this. + +\clearpage + +\begin{table*} +\begin{center} +\begin{tabular}{crrrrrrrrrrr} +Star & Height & $d_{x}$ & $d_{y}$ & $n$ & $\chi^2$ & $R_{maj}$ & $R_{min}$ & +\multicolumn{1}{c}{$P$\tablenotemark{a}} & $P R_{maj}$ & $P R_{min}$ & +\multicolumn{1}{c}{$\Theta$\tablenotemark{b}} \\ +\tableline +1 &33472.5 &-0.1 &0.4 &53 &27.4 &2.065 &1.940 &3.900 &68.3 &116.2 &-27.639\\ +2 &27802.4 &-0.3 &-0.2 &60 &3.7 &1.628 &1.510 &2.156 &6.8 &7.5 &-26.764\\ +3 &29210.6 &0.9 &0.3 &60 &3.4 &1.622 &1.551 &2.159 &6.7 &7.3 &-40.272\\ +4 &32733.8 &-1.2 &-0.5 &41 &54.8 &2.282 &2.156 &4.313 &117.4 &78.2 &-35.847\\ +5 & 9607.4 &-0.4 &-0.4 &60 &1.4 &1.669 &1.574 &2.343 &8.0 &8.9 &-33.417\\ +6 &31638.6 &1.6 &0.1 &39 &315.2 & 3.433 &3.075 &7.488 &92.1 &25.3 &-12.052\\ +\end{tabular} +\end{center} + +% Text for table footnotes must follow the tabular environment but must +% be inside the table environment. Note that it is OK to put \ref's +% in \tablenotetext's. + +\tablenotetext{a}{Sample footnote for table~\ref{tbl-1}} +\tablenotetext{b}{Another sample footnote for table~\ref{tbl-1}} +\tablenotetext{c}{Footnote with no call out} +\tablenotetext{d}{Another footnote with no call out} +\tablenotetext{e}{A further additional footnote with no call out} + +% The caption contains only the caption text. The "Table N." identification +% is generated by the \caption command on its own. +% +% It is necessary to \label tables and figures *after* the \caption has been +% specified because the table/figure number is generated by \caption, not +% by \begin{whatever}. + +\caption{Terribly relevant tabular information.} \label{tbl-1} + +\end{table*} + +\begin{table*} +\begin{center} +\begin{tabular}{crrrrrrrrrrr} +Star & Height & $d_{x}$ & $d_{y}$ & $n$ & $\chi^2$ & $R_{maj}$ & $R_{min}$ & +\multicolumn{1}{c}{$P$\tablenotemark{t}} & $P R_{maj}$ & $P R_{min}$ & +\multicolumn{1}{c}{$\Theta$\tablenotemark{u}} \\ +\tableline +1 &33472.5 &-0.1 &0.4 &53 &27.4 &2.065 &1.940 &3.900 &68.3 &116.2 &-27.639\\ +2 &27802.4 &-0.3 &-0.2 &60 &3.7 &1.628 &1.510 &2.156 &6.8 &7.5 &-26.764\\ +3 &29210.6 &0.9 &0.3 &60 &3.4 &1.622 &1.551 &2.159 &6.7 &7.3 &-40.272\\ +4 &32733.8 &-1.2\tablenotemark{v} &-0.5 &41 &54.8 &2.282 &2.156 &4.313 &117.4 &78.2 &-35.847\\ +5 & 9607.4 &-0.4 &-0.4 &60 &1.4 &1.669\tablenotemark{v} &1.574 &2.343 &8.0 &8.9 &-33.417\\ +6 &31638.6 &1.6 &0.1 &39 &315.2 & 3.433 &3.075 &7.488 &92.1 &25.3 &-12.052\\ +\end{tabular} +\end{center} + +% Text for table footnotes must follow the tabular environment but must +% be inside the table environment. Note that it is OK to put \ref's +% in \tablenotetext's. + +\tablenotetext{t}{Sample footnote for table~\ref{tbl-2}} +\tablenotetext{v}{Yet another sample footnote for table~\ref{tbl-2}} +\tablenotetext{u}{Another sample footnote for table~\ref{tbl-2}} + +% The caption contains only the caption text. The "Table N." identification +% is generated by the \caption command on its own. +% +% It is necessary to \label tables and figures *after* the \caption has been +% specified because the table/figure number is generated by \caption, not +% by \begin{whatever}. + +\tablenum{1A} +\caption{ +More terribly relevant tabular information. Notice that it is possible +to have more than one table on a page where each can have associated +independent notes. We extend the caption with +further pointless drivel to see the effects of lengthy text on +caption formatting.} \label{tbl-2} + +\tablecomments{We can also attach a long-ish paragraph of explanatory +material to a table. This would be done for journals where long +captions are not permitted (usually because the caption is regarded +as the table's title). A different command would be used if the +paragraph contained a list of references for the table.} + +\end{table*} + +\include{samp2tbl} + +% This is the last table for this paper (as well as the first), so we +% should follow it with a \clearpage. In order to force all the floating +% tables out of their buffers and onto vertical page lists, we must use +% \clearpage rather than \newpage. + +\clearpage + +% Now comes the reference list. In this document, we used \cite to call +% out citations, so we must use \bibitem in the reference list, which +% means we use the LaTeX thebibliography environment. Please note that +% \begin{thebibliography} is followed by a null argument. If you forget +% this, mayhem ensues, and LaTeX will say "Perhaps a missing item?" when +% you run it. Do not call us, do not send mail when this happens. Put +% the silly {} after the \begin{thebibliography}. +% +% Each reference has a \bibitem command to define the citation format +% and the symbolic tag, as well as a \reference command which sets up +% formatting parameters for the reference list itself. +% +% If we had not bothered with the \cite-\bibitem business, calling out +% the references outselves, the reference list could be enclosed in +% a references environment (\begin{references} has no null argument), +% and there would be no need for the leading \bibitem's. + +\begin{thebibliography}{} +\bibitem[Auri\`ere 1982]{aur82} \reference Auri\`ere, M. 1982, \astap, + 109, 301 +\bibitem[Canizares et al.\ 1978]{can78} \reference Canizares, C. R., + Grindlay, J. E., Hiltner, W. A., Liller, W., and + McClintock, J. E. 1978, \apj, 224, 39 +\bibitem[Djorgovski and King 1984]{djo84} \reference Djorgovski, S., + and King, I. R. 1984, \apjlett, 277, L49 +\bibitem[Hagiwara and Zeppenfeld 1986]{hag86} \reference Hagiwara, K., and + Zeppenfeld, D. 1986, Nucl.Phys., 274, 1 +\bibitem[Harris and van den Bergh 1984]{har84} \reference Harris, W. E., + and van den Bergh, S. 1984, \aj, 89, 1816 +\bibitem[H\`enon 1961]{hen61} \reference H\'enon, M. 1961, Ann.d'Ap., 24, 369 +\bibitem[King 1966]{kin66} \reference King, I. R. 1966, \aj, 71, 276 +\bibitem[King 1975]{kin75} \reference King, I. R. 1975, Dynamics of + Stellar Systems, A. Hayli, Dordrecht: Reidel, 1975, 99 +\bibitem[King et al.,\ 1968]{kin68} \reference King, I. R., Hedemann, E., + Hodge, S. M., and White, R. E. 1968, \aj, 73, 456 +\bibitem[Kron et al.,\ 1984]{kro84} \reference Kron, G. E., Hewitt, A. V., + and Wasserman, L. H. 1984, \pasp, 96, 198 +\bibitem[Lynden-Bell and Wood 1968]{lyn68} \reference Lynden-Bell, D., + and Wood, R. 1968, \mnras, 138, 495 +\bibitem[Newell and O'Neil 1978]{new78} \reference Newell, E. B., + and O'Neil, E. J. 1978, \apjsupp, 37, 27 +\bibitem[Ortolani et al.,\ 1985]{ort85} \reference Ortolani, S., Rosino, L., + and Sandage, A. 1985, \aj, 90, 473 +\bibitem[Peterson 1976]{pet76} \reference Peterson, C. J. 1976, \aj, 81, 617 +\bibitem[Spitzer 1985]{spi85} \reference Spitzer, L. 1985, Dynamics of + Star Clusters, J. Goodman and P. Hut, Dordrecht: Reidel, 109 +\end{thebibliography} + +% Finally, we have figure captions. Usually these must be on a separate +% page, although unlike table, it is often permissible to have several +% figure captions on the same page. We force the page break between +% the reference list and the figure captions. +% +% The \caption command in the figure environment works like the one in the +% table environment (it's the same one, actually), except that this one +% produces identification text that reads "Figure N." + +\clearpage + +\begin{figure} +\plotone{sgi9259.eps} +\caption{We use the \LaTeX\ {\tt figure} environment syntax to set this +figure caption.} +\end{figure} + +% That's all, folks. +% +% The technique of segregating major semantic components of the document +% within "environments" is a very good one, but you as an author have to +% come up with a way of making sure each \begin{whatzit} has a corresponding +% \end{whatzit}. If you miss one, LaTeX will probably complain a great +% deal during the composition of the document. Occasionally, you get away +% with it right up to the \end{document}, in which case, you will see +% "\begin{whatzit} ended by \end{document}". + +\end{document} |