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diff --git a/obsolete/macros/inrstex/inrsdoc/thmatsym.tex b/obsolete/macros/inrstex/inrsdoc/thmatsym.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a2e575d2c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/obsolete/macros/inrstex/inrsdoc/thmatsym.tex @@ -0,0 +1,419 @@ +%-*-tex-*- +\ifundefined{writestatus} \input status \relax \fi % +\chcode{matsym} + + +\def\cqu{\cquote{{\leftskip=0ptplus1fill\def\\% +{\endgraf}Yet what are all such gaieties to me\\Whose thoughts are full of +indices and surds?\\$x^2+7x+53$\\ $\displaystyle={11\over3}$.\\ }}{ +Four~Riddles, Lewis~Carroll (1832-1898)}} + + +\chapterhead{matsym}{MATHEMATICS:\cr SYMBOLS\cr FONTS} +\tex\ supplies a vast array of mathematical symbols, both in fixed and +extensible forms. For the most part, the symbols mentioned are available only +in mathematics mode. Other symbols that are useful in +regular text mode have been listed in Section \ref{specialtextsymbols} +This chapter describes the symbols available. These +symbols can be used in any font size that is on the system. Although it is +possible to build your own symbols from simpler ones, it takes a little care +to make sure that they are the correct size for all possible uses. + +\shead{mathfonts}{Ordinary Fonts in Mathematics} +The mathematics symbol font contains characters that are very similar to +to text italic font. The major difference is the spacing. {\it For instance} is +in ordinary italic but $For\ instance$, is in math italic and was invoked with +|$For\|\]|instance$|, where |\|\] forces the space. +However, it is an easy matter to put +roman or {\bf bold} letters in mathematics by just using +|$x={\bf the\ spot}$| to obtain $x={\bf the\ spot}$. The real fun +comes with something like the following: + +\def\xbf{{\vec{\bf x}}} +$$ \xbf = 2^{\xbf^\xbf} $$ +which is given by +\begintt +\def\xbf{{\vec{\bf x}}} +$$ +\xbf = 2^{\xbf^\xbf} +$$ +\endtt +Note that the bold face is scaled correctly up into the superscripts. The +extra $\{\ldots\}$ are necessary so that the third |\xbf| will look like a +single token to the second |\@|. + +\shead{mathtypes}{Mathematical Symbol Types} +Some symbols, even though they may look the same are given different command +sequences in \tex. The reason for this is that their use demands different +spacing and line breaking when in mathematics mode. +For this reason there are four mathematics symbols for a vertical +bar $\mid$, namely |\mid|, |\left\vert|, |\right\vert|, and |\vert|. The +first is a {\it relation} -- called {\it Rel} -- like the $=$; the second +and third are opening and +closing brackets like ( and ) --- \tex\ calls these {\it openings} and {\it +closings}; and the last is an {\it ordinary} --- called {\it Ord} --- symbol +like $\infty$. Two other types are {\it large operators} --- called {\it Op} +--- like $\sum$ and {\it binary operators} --- called {\it Bin} --- like $+$. +Finally there is the {\it punctuation} --- called {\it Punct} --- like the +period. + +\shead{greekletters}{Greek Letters} +All the Greek letters are of type {\it Ord}. They are all assumed to be in +mathematics mode. + +\bshortcomlist +\@|\alpha {\rm A} A|&$\alpha$ A $A$ \cr +\@|\beta {\rm B} B|&$\beta$ B $B$\cr +\@|\gamma \Gamma {\mit\Gamma}|&$\gamma$ $\Gamma$ ${\mit\Gamma}$ \cr +\@|\delta \Delta {\mit\Delta} |&$\delta$ $\Delta$ ${\mit\Delta}$ \cr +\@|\epsilon {\rm E} E|&$\epsilon$ E $E$ \cr +\@|\varepsilon|&$\varepsilon$\cr +\@|\zeta {\rm Z} Z|&$\zeta$ Z $Z$ \cr +\@|\eta {\rm H} H|&$\eta$ H $H$ \cr +\@|\theta \Theta {\mit\Theta} |&$\theta$ $\Theta$ $\mit\Theta$ \cr +\@|\vartheta|&$\vartheta$ \cr +\@|\iota {\rm I} I|&$\iota$ I $I$ \cr +\@|\kappa {\rm K} K |&$\kappa$ K $K$ \cr +\@|\lambda \Lambda {\mit\Lambda} |&$\lambda$ $\Lambda$ $\mit\Lambda$ \cr +\@|\mu {\rm M} M |&$\mu$ M $M$ \cr +\@|\nu {\rm N} N|&$\nu$ N $N$ \cr +\@|\xi \Xi {\mit\Xi} |&$\xi$ $\Xi$ $\mit\Xi$ \cr + |o {\rm O} O|&$o$ O $O$ \cr +\@|\pi \Pi {\mit\Pi}|&$\pi$ $\Pi$ $\mit\Pi$ \cr +\@|\varpi|&$\varpi$\cr +\@|\rho {\rm R} R|&$\rho$ R $R$\cr +\@|\sigma \Sigma {\mit\Sigma}|&$\sigma$ $\Sigma$ $\mit\Sigma$ \cr +\@|\tau {\rm T} T|&$\tau$ T $T$ \cr +\@|\upsilon \Upsilon {\mit\Upsilon}|&$\upsilon$ $\Upsilon$ $\mit\Upsilon$ \cr +\@|\phi \Phi {\mit\Phi}|&$\phi$ $\Phi$ $\mit\Phi$ \cr +\@|\varphi|&$\varphi$ \cr +\@|\chi {\rm X} X|&$\chi$ X $X$ \cr +\@|\psi \Psi {\mit\Psi}|&$\psi$ $\Psi$ $\mit\Psi$\cr +\@|\omega \Omega {\mit\Omega}|&$\omega$ $\Omega$ $\mit\Omega$\cr +\eshortcomlist + +\shead{caligraphic}{Calligraphic Capitals} +These look like ${\cal A} \ldots{\cal Z}$ and are obtained in math mode by +the construction |{\cal <capital letter>}| while in math +mode. + +\shead{opsrels}{Ords, Operators, and Relations} +The following is a composite list of the symbols of +type ordinary, relation and operator supplied by +{\it plain}. The type is specified along with the symbol. The meaning of the +type abbreviations has been given in Section \ref{mathtypes}. +\medbreak +\beginmulticolumnformat +\hfuzz=20pt +\parindent=0pt +\def\bin{\leavevmode\hbox to 30pt{\it Bin\hss}} +\def\ord{\leavevmode\hbox to 30pt{\it Ord\hss}} +\def\rel{\leavevmode\hbox to 30pt{\it Rel\hss}} +\def\op{\leavevmode\hbox to 30pt{\it Op\hss}} +\intercolumnsep = {\hskip 3em} +\numberofcolumns = 2 +\obeylines +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$+$\quad\hss}\@|+| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$-$\quad\hss}\@|-| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$=$\quad\hss}\@|=| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not=$\quad\hss}\@|\not=| |\ne| |\neq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$<$\quad\hss}\@|<| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not<$\quad\hss}\@|\not<| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$>$\quad\hss}\@|>| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not>$\quad\hss}\@|\not>| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\aleph$\quad\hss}\@|\aleph| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\amalg$\quad\hss}\@|\amalg| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\angle$\quad\hss}\@|\angle| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\approx$\quad\hss}\@|\approx| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\approx$\quad\hss}\@|\not\approx| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\ast$\quad\hss}\@|\ast| or * +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\asymp$\quad\hss}\@|\asymp| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\backslash$\quad\hss}\@|\backslash| +\op\hbox to 20pt{$\bigcap$\quad\hss}\@|\bigcap| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\bigcirc$\quad\hss}\@|\bigcirc| +\op\hbox to 20pt{$\bigcup$\quad\hss}\@|\bigcup| +\op\hbox to 20pt{$\bigodot$\quad\hss}\@|\bigodot| +\op\hbox to 20pt{$\bigoplus$\quad\hss}\@|\bigoplus| +\op\hbox to 20pt{$\bigotimes$\quad\hss}\@|\bigotimes| +\op\hbox to 20pt{$\bigsqcup$\quad\hss}\@|\bigsqcup| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\bigtriangledown$\quad\hss}\@|\bigtriangledown| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\bigtriangleup$\quad\hss}\@|\bigtriangleup| +\op\hbox to 20pt{$\biguplus$\quad\hss}\@|\biguplus| +\op\hbox to 20pt{$\bigvee$\quad\hss}\@|\bigvee| +\op\hbox to 20pt{$\bigwedge$\quad\hss}\@|\bigwedge| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\bot$\quad\hss}\@|\bot| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\bowtie$\quad\hss}\@|\bowtie| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\bullet$\quad\hss}\@|\bullet| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\cap$\quad\hss}\@|\cap| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\cdot$\quad\hss}\@|\cdot| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\circ$\quad\hss}\@|\circ| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\clubsuit$\quad\hss}\@|\clubsuit| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\cong$\quad\hss}\@|\cong| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\cong$\quad\hss}\@|\not\cong| +\op\hbox to 20pt{$\coprod$\quad\hss}\@|\coprod| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\cup$\quad\hss}\@|\cup| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\dagger$\quad\hss}\@|\dagger| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\dashv$\quad\hss}\@|\dashv| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\ddagger$\quad\hss}\@|\ddagger| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\diamondsuit$\quad\hss}\@|\diamondsuit| +\balancecolumnsize = 470pt +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\diamond$\quad\hss}\@|\diamond| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\div$\quad\hss}\@|\div| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\doteq$\quad\hss}\@|\doteq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\Downarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\Downarrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\downarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\downarrow| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\ell$\quad\hss}\@|\ell| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\emptyset$\quad\hss}\@|\emptyset| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\equiv$\quad\hss}\@|\equiv| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\equiv$\quad\hss}\@|\not\equiv| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\exists$\quad\hss}\@|\exists| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\flat$\quad\hss}\@|\flat| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\forall$\quad\hss}\@|\forall| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\frown$\quad\hss}\@|\frown| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\geq$\quad\hss}\@|\ge| \@|\geq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\geq$\quad\hss}\@|\not\geq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\gg$\quad\hss}\@|\gg| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\gg$\quad\hss}\@|\not\gg| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\hbar$\quad\hss}\@|\hbar| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\heartsuit$\quad\hss}\@|\heartsuit| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\hookleftarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\hookleftarrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\hookrightarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\hookrightarrow| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\Im$\quad\hss}\@|\Im| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\imath$\quad\hss}\@|\imath| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\infty$\quad\hss}\@|\infty| +\op\hbox to 20pt{$\int$\quad\hss}\@|\int| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\in$\quad\hss}\@|\in| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\in$\quad\hss}\@|\not\in| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\jmath$\quad\hss}\@|\jmath| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\Leftarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\Leftarrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\leftarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\leftarrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\leftharpoondown$\quad\hss}\@|\leftharpoondown| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\leftharpoonup$\quad\hss}\@|\leftharpoonup| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\Leftrightarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\Leftrightarrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\leftrightarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\leftrightarrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\leq$\quad\hss}\@|\le| \@|\leq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\leq$\quad\hss}\@|\not\leq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\ll$\quad\hss}\@|\ll| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\ll$\quad\hss}\@|\not\ll| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\Longleftarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\Longleftarrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\longleftarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\longleftarrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\Longleftrightarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\Longleftrightarrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\longleftrightarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\longleftrightarrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\longmapsto$\quad\hss}\@|\longmapsto| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\Longrightarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\Longrightarrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\longrightarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\longrightarrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\mapsto$\quad\hss}\@|\mapsto| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\mid$\quad\hss}\@|\mid| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\models$\quad\hss}\@|\models| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\mp$\quad\hss}\@|\mp| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\nabla$\quad\hss}\@|\nabla| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\natural$\quad\hss}\@|\natural| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\nearrow$\quad\hss}\@|\nearrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\nwarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\nwarrow| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\neg$\quad\hss}\@|\neg| \@|\lnot| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\ni$\quad\hss}\@|\ni| \@|\owns| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\odot$\quad\hss}\@|\odot| +\op\hbox to 20pt{$\oint$\quad\hss}\@|\oint| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\ominus$\quad\hss}\@|\ominus| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\oplus$\quad\hss}\@|\oplus| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\oslash$\quad\hss}\@|\oslash| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\otimes$\quad\hss}\@|\otimes| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\parallel$\quad\hss}\@|\parallel| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\partial$\quad\hss}\@|\partial| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\perp$\quad\hss}\@|\perp| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\pm$\quad\hss}\@|\pm| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\preceq$\quad\hss}\@|\preceq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\preceq$\quad\hss}\@|\not\preceq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\prec$\quad\hss}\@|\prec| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\prec$\quad\hss}\@|\not\prec| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\prime$\quad\hss}\@|\prime| +\op\hbox to 20pt{$\prod$\quad\hss}\@|\prod| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\propto$\quad\hss}\@|\propto| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\Re$\quad\hss}\@|\Re| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\Rightarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\Rightarrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\rightarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\rightarrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\rightharpoondown$\quad\hss}\@|\rightharpoondown| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\rightharpoonup$\quad\hss}\@|\rightharpoonup| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\rightleftharpoons$\quad\hss}\@|\rightleftharpoons| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\setminus$\quad\hss}\@|\setminus| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\sharp$\quad\hss}\@|\sharp| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\simeq$\quad\hss}\@|\simeq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\simeq$\quad\hss}\@|\not\simeq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\sim$\quad\hss}\@|\sim| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\sim$\quad\hss}\@|\not\sim| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\smile$\quad\hss}\@|\smile| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\spadesuit$\quad\hss}\@|\spadesuit| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\sqcap$\quad\hss}\@|\sqcap| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\sqcup$\quad\hss}\@|\sqcup| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\sqsubseteq$\quad\hss}\@|\sqsubseteq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\sqsubseteq$\quad\hss}\@|\not\sqsubseteq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\sqsupseteq$\quad\hss}\@|\sqsupseteq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\sqsupseteq$\quad\hss}\@|\not\sqsupseteq| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\star$\quad\hss}\@|\star| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\subseteq$\quad\hss}\@|\subseteq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\subseteq$\quad\hss}\@|\not\subseteq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\subset$\quad\hss}\@|\subset| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\subset$\quad\hss}\@|\not\subset| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\succeq$\quad\hss}\@|\succeq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\succeq$\quad\hss}\@|\not\succeq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\succ$\quad\hss}\@|\succ| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\succ$\quad\hss}\@|\not\succ| +\op\hbox to 20pt{$\sum$\quad\hss}\@|\sum| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\supseteq$\quad\hss}\@|\supseteq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\supseteq$\quad\hss}\@|\not\supseteq| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\supset$\quad\hss}\@|\supset| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\not\supset$\quad\hss}\@|\not\supset| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\surd$\quad\hss}\@|\surd| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\searrow$\quad\hss}\@|\searrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\swarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\swarrow| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\times$\quad\hss}\@|\times| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\top$\quad\hss}\@|\top| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\triangleleft$\quad\hss}\@|\triangleleft| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\triangleright$\quad\hss}\@|\triangleright| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\triangle$\quad\hss}\@|\triangle| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\uplus$\quad\hss}\@|\uplus| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\Uparrow$\quad\hss}\@|\Uparrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\uparrow$\quad\hss}\@|\uparrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\Updownarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\Updownarrow| +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\updownarrow$\quad\hss}\@|\updownarrow| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\Vert$\quad\hss}\@|\Vert| or |\|\vrt +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\vert$\quad\hss}\@|\vert| or \vrt +\rel\hbox to 20pt{$\vdash$\quad\hss}\@|\vdash| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\vee$\quad\hss}\@|\lor| \@|\vee| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\wedge$\quad\hss}\@|\land| \@|\wedge| +\ord\hbox to 20pt{$\wp$\quad\hss}\@|\wp| +\bin\hbox to 20pt{$\wr$\quad\hss}\@|\wr| +\endmulticolumnformat + +\shead{delims}{Brackets or Delimiters} +\tex\ supplies a large variety of delimiters or brackets, some of different +sizes and others that grow to be the correct size. Here is a list of the +delimiters supplied by {\it plain}. + +\bshortcomlist +\@|\big\Arrowvert|¢er part of double up arrow -- $\big\Arrowvert$\cr +\@|\big\arrowvert|¢er part of up arrow -- $\big\arrowvert$\cr +\@|\langle|&left angle bracket -- $\langle$\cr +\@|\rangle|&right angle bracket -- $\rangle$\cr +\@|\big\bracevert|¢er part of large braces -- $\big\bracevert$ \cr +|\{| or \@|\lbrace|&left brace -- $\{$\cr +|\}| or \@|\rbrace|&right brace -- $\}$\cr +|[| or \@|\lbrack|&left square bracket -- $[$\cr +|]| or \@|\rbrack|&right square bracket -- $]$\cr +\@|\lceil|&left ceiling -- $\lceil$\cr +\@|\rceil|&right ceiling -- $\rceil$\cr +\@|\lfloor|&left floor -- $\lfloor$\cr +\@|\rfloor|&right floor -- $\rfloor$\cr +\@|\big\lgroup|&large left paren without middle -- $\big\lgroup$\cr +\@|\big\rgroup|&large right paren without middle -- $\big\rgroup$\cr +\@|\big\lmoustache|& -- $\big\lmoustache$\cr +\@|\big\rmoustache|& -- $\big\rmoustache$\cr +|/|&slash -- $/$\cr +\@|\backslash|&reverse slash -- $\backslash$\cr +\vrt\ or |\vert|&vertical bar -- $\vert$\cr +|\|\vrt\ or |\Vert|&double vertical bar -- $\Vert$\cr +|\downarrow|&down arrow -- $\downarrow$\cr +|\Downarrow|&double down arrow -- $\Downarrow$\cr +|\uparrow|&up arrow -- $\uparrow$\cr +|\Uparrow|&double up arrow -- $\Uparrow$\cr +|\updownarrow|&up-and-down arrow -- $\updownarrow$\cr +|\Updownarrow|&double up-and-down arrow -- $\Updownarrow$\cr +|(|&left paren -- $($\cr +|)|&right paren -- $)$\cr +\eshortcomlist + +Two very powerful operators exist for the delimiters, namely |\left| and +|\right|. They must be used in pairs as +\par +\hbox to \hsize{\hss\@|$\left<delimiter> ...\right<delimiter>$|,\hss} +\noindent +where the |<delimiter>| is one of the above. The result +of these operators is a pair of braces that grow the correct size for the +particular formula in which they are used. This saves you from the problem of +measuring. A |\right.| implies there is nothing at the place of the right +delimiter and |\left.| similarly on the left. This allows a delimiter on only +one side of a formula but to still have the operators match in pairs. + +Finally there is a second set of four pairs of operators, \@|\bigl|, |\Bigl|, +\@|\biggl|, \@|\Biggl| and the corresponding right hand ones \@|\bigr|, \@|\Bigr|, +\@|\biggr|, and \@|\Biggr|. These produce big, but fixed size delimiters for instance we have +\begintt +$$ + \bigl\{\quad +\Bigl[\quad +\biggl\lfloor\quad +\Biggl\Updownarrow\quad\Biggr\Updownarrow +\quad\biggr\rfloor +\quad\Bigr] +\quad\bigr\} +$$ +\endtt +produces +$$ + \bigl\{\quad +\Bigl[\quad +\biggl\lfloor\quad +\Biggl\Updownarrow\quad\Biggr\Updownarrow +\quad\biggr\rfloor +\quad\Bigr] +\quad\bigr\} +$$ + +\shead{sincos}{Common Mathematical Functions} +Certain functions such as |sin|, |cos|, and |limsup| for example are shown in +mathematics text in Roman font. In addition some like |lim| sometimes take +limits that should be placed in the same way as the limits on the large +operators ({\it Op}). For example +\begintt +$$ +\limsup_{t \leftrightarrow \infty} +$$ +\endtt +gives +$$ +\limsup_{t \leftrightarrow \infty} +$$ +There are 32 of these already defined in {\it plain}. They are +\beginthreecolumn +\@|\arg| +\@|\arccos| +\@|\arcsin| +\@|\arctan| +\@|\cot| +\@|\coth| +\@|\cosh| +\@|\cos| +\@|\csc| +\@|\det| +\@|\deg| +\@|\dim| +\@|\exp| +\@|\gcd| +\@|\hom| +\@|\inf| +\@|\ker| +\@|\lg| +\@|\liminf| +\@|\limsup| +\@|\lim| +\@|\ln| +\@|\log| +\@|\max| +\@|\min| +\@|\Pr| +\@|\sec| +\@|\sin| +\@|\sinh| +\@|\sup| +\@|\tanh| +\@|\tan| +\endthreecolumn + +\shead{buildown}{Build Your Own Symbols} +There are several advanced facilities in \tex\ for building your own symbols. +However, there is one rather simple form using +\@|\buildrel <superscript> \over <relation>|. For example +|\buildrel \triangle \over =| gives $\buildrel \triangle \over =$. + +\ejectpage +\done |