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+
+ =====//===== \\ // ____
+ // \\ // |\ /| //
+ // //====== \V/ ||\ //| \\
+ // // // \\ || \// | /\ \\ ===\
+ // //==== // \\ || | // \ \\ |
+ // // // \\ || | //===\ \\___/
+ //======= // \
+
+
+ Volume 5 Number 3
+
+ A Mostly Unofficial Publication for
+ Users of the TeX Typesetting System
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Contents
+
+Departments
+ \footnote{}........................................................2
+ Letters to the Editor..............................................3
+ ToolBox............................................................4
+
+Articles
+ Help with Letters and Envelopes in LaTeX...........................5
+
+Special International Articles
+ Towards a Font for Africa.........................................6
+ Announcing YUNUS, a Turkish TeX List..............................7
+ Call for the Discussion and Development of Greek TeX..............8
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+TeXMaG Volume 5 Number 3 page 2
+_______________________________________________________________________________
+| |
+| \footnote{Interesting Developments in International TeX} |
+|_____________________________________________________________________________|
+
+
+As you will note in this issue, there are some international
+developments in the international field of TeX, namely, African,
+Turkish, and Greek TeX all make an appearance in this issue. If you
+are at all interested in the development of international TeX you will
+find a great wealth of information below. For the Greek speakers there
+is a bilingual article towards the end.
+
+The TeXMaG.TeX Macro mentioned last issue should surface sometime this
+summer. I'll try to quit breaking my self-imposed deadlines when it
+comes to these kinds of things.
+
+See you all next month...
+
+-neil
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+TeXMaG Volume 5 Number 3 page 3
+_______________________________________________________________________________
+| |
+| Letters to the Editor |
+|_____________________________________________________________________________|
+
+
++-----------------------------+
+| More on MF and Hershey |
++-----------------------------+
+
+
+In TeXMaG V5N1, someone wrote that the Hershey fonts do not exist in
+MF form. This is not true. The Hershey fonts can be produced by
+running a program which translates a "Hershey spec file" into an MF
+file, then Metafont will process this file as usual. There are two
+databases from which character descriptions for the spec file can be
+taken: an occidental database and an oriental database; together they
+contain instructions for drawing some 2400 characters. Ken Yap did
+the work on this, I believe, and separated out four distinct fonts, a
+script font and three "Gothic" fonts. I retrieved all the material
+required to build the fonts from some server or other about a year
+ago.
+
+I have written or modified a number of programs to turn the database
+into MF files under VMS (Yap's stuff is all UNIX and I had a bit of
+trouble getting everything to work right). I now have files and
+programs which make it easy to print the entire database for
+examination, and I have MF files for Yap's four fonts plus a font
+containing a number of the symbols in the database which I found
+interesting. These include planetary symbols, astrological symbols and
+a variety of oddball symbols. I also have a TeX file which defines
+reasonable control sequences to produce the symbols. I would be happy
+to send what I have to anyone or to post it in some appropriate
+place---perhaps YMIR? I'd also be glad to write a longer description
+for TeXMaG if you like.
+
+-- David
+
+
++--------------------------+
+| Mode_def list for MF |
++--------------------------+
+
+
+I have collected all the Metafont modes I could find, with Doug
+Henderson's help, and also auxiliary definitions for write-write
+printers, GF specials, etc., etc. I hope people will start using this
+as their ``local'' file.
+
+It's on ftp.cs.umb.edu [192.12.26.23] in pub/tex/modes.mf.
+
+karl@cs.umb.edu
+
+
+
++--------------------------+
+| On LaTeX and Patents |
++--------------------------+
+
+Are you aware of the existence of a LaTeX style file suitable for
+writing up applications for US patents? It is a two-column style, but
+the columns are numbered, rather than the pages, and the lines are
+numbered between the columns, every 5th line. Any assistance you can
+give would be appreciated.
+
+[Sounds like a good job for some industrious LaTeXer! -ed.]
+
+
+
++-------------------+
+| More On LaTeX |
++-------------------+
+
+
+>Is there a way to design a non-standard pagenumbering in LaTeX? I need a
+>document to have hyphenated page numbers such as 1-1, 1-2, 1-3,... and
+>nothing I've tried has worked!
+>
+>INTERNET: a1grandbois@cudnvr.denver.colorado.edu
+
+
+If all you wanted was each page number to be prefixed with 1- you
+could just do
+
+ \renewcommand{\thepage}{1-\arabic{page}}
+
+either in the preamble of your document (between the \documentstyle
+line and the \begin{document} or in a seperate .sty file you refer to
+in square brackets in the \documentstyle line.
+
+However, chances are you want to actually have the number before the
+hyphen be the chapter number (or perhaps section or part, which would
+be analogous). You can nearly do this with
+
+ \renewcommand{\thepage}{\arabic{chapter}-\arabic{page}}
+
+The only problem is that the page number will continue to be stepped
+consecutively through the whole document, rather than reset to one at
+the start of each chapter as you probably desire. To achieve that
+effect, you have to add the page counter to the "reset list" for the
+chapter counter. Unfortunately, that would reset it to zero rather
+than one, so we have to change the reseting mechanism to make a
+special case of the page counter, reseting it to one instead. To get
+all of these things to happen, but the following in a file such as
+chappg.sty and then use \documentstyle[chappg]{report} or whatnot:
+
+\renewcommand{\thepage}{\arabic{chapter}-\arabic{page}}% chapter-page numbering
+\@addtoreset{page}{chapter}% reset page number when chapter is stepped
+% The next magic makes the page counter be reset to one rather than zero
+\def\@stpelt#1{\global\csname c@#1\endcsname
+ \expandafter\ifx \csname#1\endcsname \page
+ \@ne
+ \else
+ \z@ \fi}
+
+
+Hope this helps.
+
+-Max Hailperin <max@nic.gac.edu> for LaTeX-help
+
+
++------------------------------+
+| On Writing Device Drivers |
++------------------------------+
+
+
+I am having difficulty locating information on how to write a device
+driver for TeX. I have a DeskJet 500 and sent away for a device driver,
+for a cost, only to receive a badly coded "correction" to a LaserJet driver
+that does not even work. I think I could write a very good DeskJet driver
+and would be glad to make it available free.
+
+-Ken Burrell
+ ktb@r.lanl.gov
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+TeXMaG Volume 5 Number 3 page 4
+_______________________________________________________________________________
+| |
+| The ToolBox |
+|_____________________________________________________________________________|
+
+[Inwords.TeX revisited! -ed.]
+
+I enjoyed Raymond Chen's macros in TeXMaG 5/2 to convert a number to its
+verbose equivalent. When I used them I quickly found some small problems:
+Some spaces get doubled ("one hunderd thousand") and zero is ignored.
+I made some patches, including the ability to capitalise the first letter.
+(I would have sent this to Ray Chen, but his address was not given with his
+letter.)
+
+So here is the modified version of inwords.tex
+
+% inwords.tex -- convert a number into words (in English)
+%
+% Usage: \inwords{...} \Cap\inwords{...}
+%
+% where ... is the number to be converted. Specifying \Cap capitalizes
+% the first letter of the first word, as for the beginning of a sentence.
+%
+% Example:
+%
+% The number \inwords{314159265} is very large.
+%
+% produces
+%
+% The number three hundred fourteen million one hundred fifty-nine
+% thousand two hundred sixty-five is very large.
+%
+%
+% Bugs: Some versions of TeX (produced by web2c) erroneously claim that
+% \count0=2
+% \multiply\count0 by 1000000000
+% generates an overflow error. It shouldn't; the result is still
+% within the range of a count variable. Hence, the \inwords
+% macro may generate overflow errors if you try to print out
+% numbers greater than or equal to 2 billion.
+%
+%% by Raymond Chen
+% % change to avoid doubled spaces, allow zero or negative, and
+% % allow capitalization via \Cap -- Donald Arseneau
+\catcode`\@=11
+
+\def\undertwenty#1{\expandafter \C@
+ \ifcase#1\relax\or one \or two \or three \or four \or five \or
+ six \or seven \or eight \or nine \or ten \or eleven \or twelve \or
+ thirteen\or fourteen \or fifteen \or sixteen \or seventeen \or
+ eighteen \or nineteen \fi}
+
+% The careful sidestepping involved in \count@=#1 \allocationnumber=\count@
+% is to make sure the right thing happens, even if #1=\count@ or
+% #1=\allocationnumber.
+%
+% We use \allocationnumber as a scratch count variable. It and \count@
+% are always used inside a group, so their original values will be
+% restored when the macros finish their job.
+
+\def\underhundred#1{\ifnum#1<20 \undertwenty{#1}\else
+ {\count@#1\relax \allocationnumber\count@ \divide\count@ 10
+ \expandafter \C@
+ \ifcase\count@ \or\or twenty\or thirty\or forty\or fifty\or sixty\or
+ seventy\or eighty\or ninety\fi
+ \multiply\count@ 10
+ \advance\allocationnumber by-\count@
+ \ifnum\allocationnumber>\z@ -\undertwenty\allocationnumber
+ \else\space\fi
+ }\fi}
+
+\def\numbersplit#1#2#3#4#5{%
+ \ifnum#5<#1\relax#2{#5}\else
+ {\count@#5\relax \allocationnumber\count@ \divide\count@ #1\relax
+ #3\count@#4\multiply\count@ #1\relax
+ \advance\allocationnumber-\count@ #2\allocationnumber
+ }\fi}
+
+\def\underthousand{\numbersplit{100}\underhundred\undertwenty{hundred }}
+\def\undermillion{\numbersplit\@m\underthousand\underthousand{thousand }}
+\def\underbillion{\numbersplit{1000000}\undermillion\underthousand{million }}
+\def\inwords#1{\ifnum#1=\z@ \C@ zero \else\ifnum#1<\z@ \C@ negative %
+ \numbersplit{1000000000}\underbillion\underthousand{billion }{-#1}\else
+ \numbersplit{1000000000}\underbillion\underthousand{billion }{#1}\fi\fi
+ \unskip}
+
+\def\Cap{\global\let\C@\C@pit}
+\def\C@pit#1{\uppercase{#1}\global\let\C@\relax}
+\global\let\C@\relax
+
+\catcode`\@=12
+%------------- % End of inwords.tex ----------
+
+Some tests:
+I have \inwords{163} dollars and \inwords{84} cents, and \inwords{0} sense.
+Counting my mortgage, I have \inwords{-85340} dollars.
+\Cap\inwords{314159265} is a very large number.
+\Cap\inwords{-100000} is a round negative number;
+\inwords{1000000001} is a positive number, but slightly eccentric.
+\bye
+
+At the risk of making the macros too "smart" for their own good, we
+could make capitalization "automatic" by substituting:
+
+ \def\inwords#1{\ifnum2999<\spacefactor\Cap\fi \ifnum#1=\z@ \C@ zero...
+
+But this would be so prone to failure that I would recommend against it.
+
+
+Donald Arseneau asnd@triumfcl.bitnet
+ asnd@reg.triumf.ca
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+TeXMaG Volume 5 Number 3 page 5
+_______________________________________________________________________________
+| |
+| Help with Letters and Envelopes in LaTeX |
+|_____________________________________________________________________________|
+
+
+In the article Letter Printing using DVIlaser/HP (V2N4), information
+was presented to show how to get envelopes with the TeX Letter style.
+Working with that idea I have tried to use the LaTeX letter style
+
+ % LETTER DOCUMENT STYLE -- Released 20 July 1987
+ % for LaTeX version 2.09
+ % Copyright (C) 1987 by Leslie Lamport
+
+and the envelope style
+
+ %From: <DLV%CUNYVMS1.BITNET@uwavm.acs.washington.edu>
+
+to create a LaTeX letter/envelope style which would automatically
+generate the input file for the envelope style file.
+
+I have had limited success in this project. The envelope style file
+uses for the return address a command "\from{address}". I have not
+been able to get LaTeX to write out the "{" and"}" characters. The
+number of lines in the from address must be known in advance and the
+style modified to only display that number of lines for the return
+address.
+
+An additional feature would be to parse the zip code from the last line
+of the address and include the envelope command "\zipcode{12345-6789}"
+to typeset the barcode for the zipcode. Also the definition of a
+flag to turn on or off the creation of the envelope file.
+
+The file created is the same name as the letter file with the
+extension of "env".
+
+Any help on this would be appreciated enclosed are the three commands
+I modified, Begin Document, End letter, and End document.
+
+%begin document
+\def\document{\endgroup
+ \@colht\textheight \@colroom\textheight \vsize\textheight
+ \columnwidth\textwidth \@clubpenalty\clubpenalty
+ \if@twocolumn \advance\columnwidth -\columnsep
+ \divide\columnwidth\tw@ \hsize\columnwidth \@firstcolumntrue
+ \fi
+ \hsize\columnwidth \linewidth\hsize
+ \begingroup\@floatplacement\@dblfloatplacement\endgroup
+ \if@filesw \immediate\openout\@mainaux=\jobname.aux
+ \immediate\write\@mainaux{\string\startlabels\string\@startlabels}\fi
+ \immediate\openout0=\jobname.env
+ \immediate\write0{\noexpand\documentstyle[12pt,env]{article}}
+ \immediate\write0{\noexpand\nofiles}
+ \immediate\write0{\noexpand\begin{document}}
+ \immediate\write0{\noexpand\sf}
+ \immediate\write0{\noexpand\from}
+ \immediate\write0{\noexpand\beginfrom}
+ \write0{\fromname\noexpand\\}
+ \write0{\fromlineone\noexpand\\}
+ \write0{\fromlinetwo\noexpand\\}
+ \ifx\fromlinethree\@empty %
+ \else\write0{\fromlinethree\noexpand\\}\fi
+ \ifx\fromlinefour\@empty %
+ \else\write0{\fromlinefour\noexpand\\}\fi
+ \ifx\fromlinefive\@empty %
+ \else\write0{\fromlinefive\noexpand\\}\fi
+ \write0{\noexpand\endfrom}
+ \def\do##1{\let ##1\@notprerr}
+ \@preamblecmds
+ \let\do\noexpand
+ \@normalsize\everypar{}}
+%%%% End Document
+\def\enddocument{\@checkend{document}\newpage\begingroup
+\if@filesw \immediate\closeout\@mainaux
+\makeatletter\input \jobname.aux\clearpage
+\fi\endgroup
+\immediate\write0{\noexpand\end{document}}
+\immediate\write0{}\closeout0%
+\deadcycles\z@\@@end}
+
+%%%% End letter
+\def\endletter{\stopletter\@@par\pagebreak\@@par
+ \begingroup
+ \def\protect{\string}
+ \let\\=\relex
+ \def\\protect##1{\string##1\space}
+ {\immediate\write0{\noexpand\begin{envelope}}
+ \ifx\tolineone\@empty %
+ \else\immediate\write0{\tolineone\noexpand\\}\fi
+ \ifx\tolinetwo\@empty %
+ \else\immediate\write0{\tolinetwo\noexpand\\}\fi
+ \ifx\tolinethree\@empty %
+ \else\immediate\write0{\tolinethree\noexpand\\}\fi
+ \ifx\tolinefour\@empty %
+ \else\immediate\write0{\tolinefour\noexpand\\}\fi
+ \ifx\tolinefive\@empty %
+ \else\immediate\write0{\tolinefive\noexpand\\}\fi
+ \ifx\tolinesix\@empty %
+ \else\immediate\write0{\tolinesix\noexpand\\}\fi
+ \ifx\tolineseven\@empty %
+ \else\immediate\write0{\tolineseven\noexpand\\}\fi
+ \immediate\write0{\noexpand\end{envelope}}}
+ \endgroup
+%
+ \if@filesw
+ \begingroup
+ \def\protect{\string}
+ \let\\=\relax
+ \def\protect##1{\string##1\space}
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\mlabel{\returnaddress}{\toname
+ \\\toaddress}}
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+
+
+TeXMaG Volume 5 Number 3 page 6
+_______________________________________________________________________________
+| |
+| Towards a Font for Africa |
+|_____________________________________________________________________________|
+
+% fcreadme.txt
+by J"org Knappen
+10-MAR-1991
+
+African languages use several zusatz characters, which are not included in
+european standards. This was the starting point for this work.
+
+I evaluated a list of characters to include into an african font and
+created a font encoding scheme. This scheme I call FC (aFrican Computer)
+and it is now at the status of a draft. It is designed to overlap the EC
+font encoding scheme (TeX-conference hold at Cork 1990) as much as
+possible.
+
+I composed a metafont including the characters needed for african
+languages. This font was named ear and provided several variant glyphs of
+the same character.
+
+ The ffcmr Font
+
+The ffcmr font is the First aFrican Computer Modern Roman font. It includes
+computer modern roman in the lower 128 code positions and 36 african zusatz
+characters in the upper half. The latter already have their fc code
+positions, but some of the lower half will be moved.
+
+ Next Steps
+
+The next step will be an afc (Almost aFrican Computer) font. This will have
+all characters positioned according to the EC/FC scheme, but will not be
+complete. Some accented letters might be absent (and are probable so).
+
+After completion, the name will change to fc, which will be the final form.
+
+ Appendix: The fc font encoding scheme (draft)
+
+% fc.txt by J"org Knapen 19-dec-1990
+% last change 23-jan-1991
+
+Draft for an african font coding scheme
+
+The TUG conference of Cork 1990 has proposed a 256 character font encoding
+scheme well suited for european languages. This scheme does not fit for the
+various african languages with latin writing. So I want to propose a scheme
+suited for the so called critical languages of africa. It should be named
+FC or FCM for aFrican Computer.
+
+The coding is arbitrary besides the following rules:
+
+* The lower 128 codes are identical to the Cork scheme
+* A glyph also occurring in the Cork scheme is placed on the same code point
+ as in the Cork scheme
+* Each letter from the 128-char cm-font is saved (Thus !', \L, \O etc. will
+ work)
+* The uppercase/lowercase mechanism holds
+
+The following languages are covered:
+Akan, Bamileke, Basa (Kru), Bemba, Ciokwe, Dinka, Efik, Ewe-Fon, Fulani
+(Fulful), G\%a, Gbaya, Hausa, Igbo, Kanuri, Kikuyu, Kikongo, Kpelle, Krio,
+Luba, Mandekan (Bambara), Mende, More, Ngala, Nyanja, Oromo, Rundi, Kinya
+Rwanda, Sango, Shona, Somali, Songhai, Sotho (two different writing
+systems), Suaheli, Tiv, Yao, Yoruba, Xhosa and Zulu.
+
+Also covered are: Maltese and Sami (European languages not covered by the
+Cork scheme).
+
+I tried to consult the most recent dictionaries. A good part of the
+mentioned languages has not yet a standardised writing system.
+
+I considered accents which are only tonal marks and optional in writing not
+to be a part of a letter. These should be created by using floating
+accents. (Even double accenting is possible, e.g. Open e with tilde and
+acute.) Accented letters, where the accent is a part of the letter, are
+included.
+
+ The table: (U means uppercase, L lowercase):
+
+octal code description
+200 U hooktop B
+201 U hooktop D
+202 U open E (\varepsilon-like)
+203 U reversed E (like \exists)
+204 U long F
+205 U E with ha\v{c}ek
+206 U ipa Gamma
+207 U double barred H
+
+210 U hooktop K
+211 U Enj
+212 U open O (revesed C)
+213 U N with acute
+214 U Esh
+215 U Eng
+216 U variant U (\upsilon-like)
+217 U hooktop Y
+
+220 U G with dot above
+221 U M with acute
+222 U S with ha\v{c}ek
+223 U N with dot above
+224 U N with line below
+225 U S with dot below
+226 U W with breve
+227 U crossed T
+
+230 U E with dot above
+231 U E with dot below
+232 U I with tilde
+233 U O with macron
+234 ligature t-esh
+235 ligature fj
+236 L crossed d
+237 double grave accent
+
+240 L hooktop b
+241 L hooktop d
+242 L open e
+243 L inverted e
+244 L long f
+245 L e with ha\v{c]ek
+246 L ipa gamma
+247 L crossed h
+
+250 L hooktop k
+251 L enj
+252 L open O
+253 L n with acute
+254 L esh
+255 L eng
+256 L variant u (\upsilon)
+257 L hooktop y
+
+260 L g with dot above
+261 L m with acute
+262 L s with ha\v{c}ek
+263 L n with dot above
+264 L n with line below
+265 L s with dot below
+266 L w with breve
+267 L crossed t
+
+270 L e with dot above
+271 L e with dot below
+272 L i tilde
+273 L o with macron
+274 small raised w
+275 inverted exclamation mark
+276 inverted question mark
+277 universal accent
+
+300 U A with acute
+301 U I with dot below
+302 U A with circumflex
+303 U A with tilde
+304 U Open E with tilde
+305 U Open O with tilde
+306 U ligature AE
+307 U C with cedilla
+
+310 U E with grave
+311 U E with acute
+312 U E with circumflex
+313 U E with diaresis
+314 U E with line below
+315 U E with macron
+316 U E with tilde
+317 U I with diaresis
+
+320 U crossed D (Edh)
+321 U N with tilde
+322 U O with grave
+323 U O with dot above
+324 U O with circumflex
+325 U O with tilde
+326 U O with diaresis
+327 U ligature OE
+
+330 U crossed O (\O)
+331 U O with dot below
+332 U O with line below
+333 U U with circumflex
+334 U O with ha\v{c}ek
+335 U U with dot below
+336 U U with tilde
+337 cross piece for polish L and l
+
+340 L a with acute
+341 L i with dot below
+342 L a with circumflex
+343 L a with tilde
+344 L open e with tilde
+345 L open o with tilde
+346 L ligature ae
+347 L c with cedilla
+
+350 L e with grave
+351 L e with acute
+352 L e with circumflex
+353 L e with diaresis
+354 L e with line below
+355 L e with macron
+356 L e with tilde
+357 L i with diaresis
+
+360 L d with tail (note: not edh!)
+361 L n with tilde
+362 L o with grave
+363 L o with dot above
+364 L o with circumflex
+365 L o with tilde
+366 L o with diaresis
+367 L ligature oe
+
+370 L crossed o (\o)
+371 L o with dot below
+372 L o with line below
+373 L u with circumflex
+374 L o with ha\v{c}ek
+375 L u with dot below
+376 L u with tilde
+377 L eszet (\ss)
+
+J"org Knappen email: knappen@vkpmzd.physik.uni-mainz.de
+Institut f"ur Kernphysik Knappen@dmznat51.bitnet
+Postfach 3980
+D-W6500 Mainz
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+TeXMaG Volume 5 Number 3 page 7
+_______________________________________________________________________________
+| |
+| YUNUS -- Turkish TeX Users Group and Discussion List |
+|_____________________________________________________________________________|
+
+
+I would like to announce formation of a BITNET List YUNUS as an
+informal and semi official publication of Turkish TeX Users Group
+with the purpose: to discuss, disseminate and exchange information
+about the TeX typesetting system, its variants, and, especially,
+Turkish TeX.
+
+YUNUS EMRE is a 15'th century Turkish poet and philosopher, who is one
+of the best users of turkish language. The list is named after him.
+
+List is located at TRMETU.bitnet. So so you can send post files to
+list by sending them to YUNUS@TRMETU.bitnet, and subscribe to the list
+via a mail message consisting of
+
+SUB YUNUS First_Name Middle_name Last_name
+
+to LISTSERV@TRMETU.bitnet.
+
+There are no language restrictions on the list.
+
+`Owners' of the list:
+* Owner= akgul@trbilun (Mustafa Akgul)
+* Owner= a07820@trmetua (Bulent Karasozen)
+* Owner= ZIYA@TRMETU (Ziya Karakaya)
+
+For ordinary mail use:
+Mustafa Akgul
+Bilkent University
+06533 Bilkent
+Ankara
+Turkey.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+TeXMaG Volume 5 Number 3 page 8
+_______________________________________________________________________________
+| |
+| Call for Standardization of GREEK TeX |
+| and Creation of a GREEK TeX Users Group |
+|_____________________________________________________________________________|
+
+Contents:
+
+ 1. Why standardization?
+ 2. What kind of standardization?
+ 3. The circumflex problem.
+ 4. What else should be done?
+ 5. How to start?
+ 6. The Dedham TUG Annual Meeting 1991
+ 7. Final conclusion
+ 8. A significant motto
+ Appendix 1. Transliteration table
+ Appendix 2. The font table
+
+ ----------------------------------------------------------------
+ | THIS MESSAGE IS BILINGUAL: ENGLISH AND GREEK; IF YOU HAVE ANY |
+ | PROBLEMS IN READING THE GREEK PART, THERE IS A TRANSLITERATION |
+ | TABLE AT THE END. |
+ ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+***************************************|***************************************
+ |
+1. Why standardization? | 1. Giat'i tupopo'ihsh?
+ |
+Dear Friends, | Agaphto'i f'iloi,
+with the release of TeX3.0 and MF2.0 | af'otou bg'hke to TeX3.0 kai to MF2.0
+new horizons have been opened to TeX, | kaino'urgioi or'izontec ano'iqthkan
+especially concerning the adaptation | sto TeX kai eidik'a 'oson afor'a thn
+of TeX to different languages. For | prosarmog'h tou se diaf'orec gl'wssec.
+many european languages, fonts of 256 | Gia poll'ec eurwpa"ik'ec gl'wssec
+characters have been created, together | fti'aqthkan grammatoseir'ec me 256
+with the corresponding hyphenation | qarakt'hrec, maz'i me ta ant'istoiqa
+patterns and LaTeX styles. | mot'iba sullabismo'u kai stul LaTeX.
+ What about Greek? | Me ta ellhnik'a ti g'inetai?
+ Actually Greek TeX evolved in | To ellhnik'o TeX exel'iqthke se
+three stages: first Professor Knuth | tr'ia st'adia: pr'wta o kajhght'hc
+created the uppercase characters which | Knuth 'eftiaxe ta kefala'ia ellhnik'a
+are in the CM fonts (but not anymore | gr'ammata pou br'iskontai stic gramma-
+in the DC/EC ones); then Silvio Levy | toseir'ec thc oikog'eneiac CM (all'a
+made his well-known package of fonts; | 'oqi stic DC/EC); met'a o Silvio Levy
+and finally Klaus Thull and myself | 'eftiaxe to gnwst'o pak'eto grammato-
+made some changements and added some | seir'wn; kai t'eloc o Klaus Thull kai
+new features to Silvio's work (see | eg'w k'aname merik'ec allag'ec kai
+TUGboat 9,1 and 10,3). The fact is | prosj'esame orism'enec dunat'othtec
+that today the two latter approaches | sthn doulei'a tou Silvio (bl. TUGboat
+are obsolete in many points. Silvio | 9,1 kai 10,3). Gegon'oc e'inai 'oti oi
+uses 256-characters to face the | d'uo teleuta'iec doulei'ec e'inai xe-
+problem of the final sigma, which can | perasm'enec s'hmera se poll'a shme'ia.
+be solved very easily today thanks | O Silvio qrhsimopoie'i grammatoseir'ec
+to MF2.0's end-of-word ligatures. | 256 qarakt'hrwn gia na l'usei to pr'o-
+Klaus and I use 128-character fonts, | blhma tou teliko'u s'igma, pou mpore'i
+which are useless today. | na luje'i s'hmera pol'u eukol'wtera me
+ On the other hand, many things | tic ((sund'eseic t'elouc l'exhc)) tou
+remain undone: hyphenation patterns | MF2.0. O Klaus kai eg'w qrhsimopoi-
+for 256-character fonts, LaTeX and | o'ume grammatoseir'ec 128 qarakt'hrwn
+AMSTeX styles, documentation on Greek | pou e'inai 'aqrhstec s'hmera.
+TeX and last-but-not-least a common | Tounant'ion poll'a pr'agmata
+7-bit transliteration for email pur- | pr'epei n'a g'inoun ak'oma: mot'iba
+poses. Most of this can't be done | sullabismo'u gia grammatoseir'ec 256
+without a once-for-all standard and | qarakt'hrwn, stul gia LaTeX, AMSTeX,
+complete font table! And this again | odhg'iec qr'hshc tou ellhniko'u TeX
+can't be done without the participa- | kai --ac mh to xeqn'ame-- 'enac koi-
+tion of every GreekTeX user. | n'oc metagrammatism'oc gia ta 7 bit
+ | tou hlektroniko'u taqudrome'iou. Ta
+ | pio poll'a ap''aut'a den mporo'un na
+ | g'inoun prin kajor'isoume pr'wta kai
+ | mia gia p'anta, 'enan pl'hrh p'inaka
+ | ellhnik'hc grammatoseir'ac! Ki aut'o
+ | p'ali den mpore'i na g'inei qwr'ic
+ | thn summetoq'h KAJE qr'hsth tou ellh-
+ | niko'u TeX.
+ |
+2. What kind of standardization? | 2. Ti e'idouc tupopo'ihsh?
+ |
+A font table must contain ALL possi- | 'Enac p'inakac grammatoseir'ac pr'epei
+ble accent+character combinations. | na peri'eqei OLOUC touc dunato'uc sun-
+They should be reachable by ligatures | duasmo'uc t'onwn, pneum'atwn, gramm'a-
+AS WELL as by direct 8-bit input. | twn kai upogegramm'enhc. Pr'epei na
+One-accent fonts should contain exac- | up'arqei pr'osbash s''auto'uc touc
+tly the same characters, only accents | sunduasmo'uc TOSO m'esw sund'esmwn OSO
+should be invisible. This stands also | kai m'esw kateuje'iac eisagwg'hc 8 bit
+for the small-capitals-font. | Oi monotonik'ec grammatoseir'ec pr'e-
+ These are the standard principia | pei na 'eqoun akrib'wc touc 'idiouc
+to start with. The concrete place of | qarakt'hrec me ton ant'istoiqo toni-
+each character should be fixed after | sm'o. To 'idio isq'uei kai gia thn
+common agreement, also the kind of | grammatoseir'a twn kefala'iwn.
+ponctuation marks and other symbols | Aut'ec e'inai oi arq'ec gia na xe-
+appearing in the font. | kin'hsoume. H pragmatik'h j'esh k'aje
+ Since the best start is a real | qarakt'hra ja pr'epei na apofasisje'i
+proposal instead of empty words, I | met'a ap'o koin'h sumfwn'ia, ep'ishc
+include my own proposal for a Greek | to poia shme'ia st'ixhc kai 'alla
+font table at the end of this text. | s'umbola ja up'arqoun sthn grammato-
+Of course it requires a lot of imagi- | seir'a.
+nation since almost all is written in | Gia na mhn e'inai l'ogia tou a'era
+Silvio's transliteration; you can | 'ola aut'a sac paraj'etw thn dik'h mou
+find a printed sample of the table | pr'otash sto t'eloc auto'u tou keim'e-
+in the forthcoming TUGboat paper "On | nou. Ja br'hte aut'on ton p'inaka tu-
+TeX and Greek...". The first 8 sym- | pwm'eno sto ep'omeno TUGboat (12,2)
+bols are used by Oxford for critical | sthn dhmos'ieush ((On TeX and Greek...
+editions of epigraphical texts. The | )). Ta pr'wta 8 s'umbola tou p'inaka
+digamma is simply at positions 'v' | qrhsimopoio'untai apo tic ekd'oseic
+and 'V' of the table, for two rea- | thc Oxf'ordhc gia thn perigraf'h kei-
+sons: digamma was pronounced as a vee | m'enwn ap'o arqa'iec epigraf'ec. 'Eba-
+and this position is the only empty | la to d'igamma stic j'eseic "v" "V"
+one inside the alphabet. | gia d'uo l'ogouc: pr'wton giat'i 'etsi
+ | profer'otan ((ton kair'o eke'ino)) kai
+ | de'uteron giat'i 'htan h m'onh 'adeia
+ | j'esh m'esa sto latinik'o alf'abhto.
+ |
+3. The circumflex problem. | 3. To pr'oblhma thc perispwm'enhc.
+ |
+Silvio uses % (\char'176) to encode | O Silvio qrhsimopo'ihse to % (\char'
+the circumflex accent. This choice | 176) gia thn perispwm'enh. E'inai h
+is very natural, except that TeX uses | pio fusik'h epilog'h, ekt'oc ap''to
+the same ASCII code for the line-brea- | gegon'oc 'oti aut'oc o qarakt'hrac
+king-prevention-character. Of course | ASCII qrhsimopoie'itai ap''to TeX gia
+any other character could be used for | thn paremp'odish thc kop'hc thc gram-
+line-breaking-prevention, *but* the | mhc. B'ebaia ja mporo'usame na b'a-
+actual problem is that changing the | me k'apoion 'allo qarakt'hra na k'anei
+categories of characters encloses | aut'h thn doulei'a, 'ela 'omwc pou
+Greek text in a special environment | all'azontac tic kathgor'iec twn qara-
+which often conflicts with TeX-macros | kt'hrwn perior'izoume to ellhnik'o
+defined outside of it. | ke'imeno s'''ena eidik'o perib'allon
+ In my opinion switching to Greek | kai suqn'a 'eqoume probl'hmata me
+should be as easy as changing a font; | entol'ec TeX pou 'eqoun orisje'i 'exw
+there should be no macros and no | ap''aut'o.
+\catcode changing, everything should | Kat'a thn tapein'h mou gn'wmh, to
+be left to the font. This can be rea- | ellhnik'o TeX pr'epei na e'inai to
+lized if we choose some other chara- | 'idio e'ukolo 'oso mia apl'h allag'h
+cter to encode the circumflex accent. | grammatoseir'ac; na mhn up'arqoun
+I know, this is rather a radical | o'ute n'eec entol'ec o'ute allag'ec
+change, besides being against intui- | \catcode; 'olec oi plhrofor'iec pr'e-
+tion (% *is* a circumflex). But I | pei na peri'eqontai sthn ellhnik'h
+assure you, it will also be a big | grammatoseir'a. Aut'o mpore'i na g'i-
+relief to handle Greek just like any | nei an dial'exoume k'apoion 'allo
+other TeX-font, especially since | qarakt'hra ASCII gia thn perispwm'enh.
+macros tend to become more and more | X'erw, pr'okeitai gia m'allon rizik'h
+obscure and complicated (ever looked | allag'h; q'wria ap''to gegon'oc 'oti
+*inside* LaTeX?). | e'inai kai k'ontra sthn koin'h logik'h
+ Since ~, _ and | are used for | (to % 'opwc kai na to k'anoume,
+special purposes, the only ASCII | *e'inai* perispwm'enh). All'a sac dia-
+characters which could potentially | bebai'w 'oti ja aisjanje'ite anako'u-
+serve as circumflex are + and =. | fish 'otan ja mpore'ite na gr'afete
+Of course these are my personal | ellhnik'a sto TeX apl'wc all'azontac
+thoughts and I would be very glad | thn grammatoseir'a, id'iwc t'wra pou
+if a discussion could be started on | oi entol'ec g'inontai 'olo kai pio
+this topic. Also the same problem | pol'uplokec.
+arises with " for diaeresis (used by | Afo'u ta ~, _ kai | qrhsimopoi-
+several macro-packages for indexing) | o'untai allo'u, oi m'onoi qarakt'hrec
+and | for subscript iota (used for | ASCII gia thn perispwm'enh ja 'htan +
+verbatim mode etc). | kai =. B'ebaia aut'ec e'inai proswpi-
+ I think --and hope-- it's not too | k'ec sk'eyeic kai ja qair'omoun pol'u
+late to make such radical changes, | an xek'inage mia suz'hthsh p'anw
+which are necessary for a solid and | s''aut'o to j'ema. To 'idio pr'oblhma
+efficient use of the Greek language | up'arqei kai me ta dialutik'a kai thn
+by TeX. | upogegramm'enh: t'oso to " 'oso to |
+ | qrhsimopoio'untai gia diaf'orouc sko-
+ | po'uc ap'o ta di'afora pak'eta TeX.
+ | Piste'uw ---kai elp'izw--- 'oti den
+ | e'inai arg'a gia na k'anoume t'oso
+ | rizik'ec allag'ec, afo'u m'alista
+ | e'inai apara'ithtec gia 'ena sumpag'ec
+ | kai apotelesmatik'o ellhnik'o TeX.
+ |
+
+4. What else should be done? | 4. Ti 'allo pr'epei na g'inei;
+ |
+After a font table has been fixed, | Afo'u kajor'isoume 'enan p'inaka gram-
+the real work can start. We need a | matoseir'ac, h pragmatik'h doulei'a
+whole TeX system in Greek. Macros, | mpore'i n''arq'isei. Qreiaz'omaste
+LaTeX styles, AMSTeX styles, LAMSTeX | 'enan pl'hrec s'usthma TeX sta ellh-
+styles, AMSLaTeX styles...should I go | nik'a. Entol'ec, stul gia LateX, gia
+on? Yes I know, all this *can* be | AMSTeX, LAMSTeX, AMSLaTeX,...kai p'aei
+done easily, but nevertheless it | l'egontac. Nai x'erw, 'ola aut'a
+represents many men-hours of work | *mporo'un* na g'inoun; antiproswpe'u-
+and someone *has* to do it. | oun 'omwc poll'h doulei'a, kai k'a-
+ Then all this should be made AVAI- | poioc *pr'epei* na thn k'anei.
+LABLE in a common place, together with | Met'a, 'ola aut'a pr'epei na e'inai
+DOCUMENTATION, in English *and* | DIAJESIMA se ena koin'o m'eroc, maz'i
+Greek. I don't want to sound as a | me plhrofor'iec sta agglik'a *kai* sta
+fanatic one, but the TeX community | ellhnik'a. Den j'elw na fan'w fanati-
+should --by our efforts-- stop | k'oc, alla h koin'othta tou TeX pr'epei
+seeing Greek like some exotic thing, | m'esa ap''tic prosp'ajei'ec mac na
+just like the punk font or music-- | stamat'hsei na bl'epei ta ellhnik'a
+typesetting. It is a living language | san exwtik'o fro'uto! E'inai mia
+and the "handicap" of having another | zwntan'h gl'wssa kai to pr'oblhma tou
+alphabet can be faced by the STEADY | na 'eqoume 'allo alf'abhto xeperni'e-
+and CONSISTENT use of a COMMON | tai me thn STAJERH kai ENTATIKH qr'hsh
+transliteration. Just think that | en'oc KOINOU metagrammatismo'u. Ske-
+other languages like french and | fte'ite m'ono 'oti ki 'allec gl'wssec
+czech have the same sacrifices to | 'opwc ta gallik'a 'h ta ts'eqika
+make when using 7-bit ASCII code: | k'anoun 'allec t'osec jus'iec 'otan
+either accents are omitted (which | pr'epei na gr'ayoun sta 7 bit: 'h den
+looks awful) or they are placed in TeX | b'azoun kaj'olou t'onouc 'h touc b'a-
+macro-form (which also looks awful). | zoun up'o thn morf'h entol'wn TeX; kai
+ So the first step to a rehabi- | stic d'uo peript'wseic to apot'elesma
+litation of Greek TeX is an agree- | e'inai q'alia.
+ment on the transliteration. It is | 'Ara to pr'wto b'hma gia mia apo-
+only natural that we use the same | kat'astash tou ellhniko'u TeX e'inai
+transliteration in TeX and in our | na sumfwn'hsoume 'enan koin'o meta-
+everyday's email writing. Silvio's | grammatism'o. O metagrammatism'oc tou
+transliteration looks a good choice | S'ilbio mou fa'inetai mia kal'h epilo-
+to me, of course the discussion is | g'h, fusik'a h suz'hthsh e'inai anoi-
+open. But please STOP writing the | qt'h. All'a parakal'w STAMATHSTE na
+letter chi as an x or upsilon as an | gr'afete to qi san x 'h to 'uyilon san
+y just because they look like that!! | y m'ono kai m'ono giat'i moi'azoun!!!!
+If you don't like Silvio's transli- | An den sac ar'esei o metagrammatism'oc
+teration try instead finding another | tou S'ilbio prote'inete allag'ec 'h
+one!! all proposals are welcome. | fti'axte 'enan kal'utero, k'aje pr'o-
+ | tash e'inai eupr'osdekth.
+ |
+5. How to start? | 5. P'wc na xekin'hsoume?
+ |
+The first thing to do is to inter- | Pr'wta ap'''ola pr'epei n''antall'a-
+change opinions. To make proposals | xoume ap'oyeic. Na k'anoume prot'aseic
+and discuss on them. To get some | kai na tic suzht'hsoume. Na kateb'a-
+new ideas. To ask people who deal | soume id'eec. Na rwt'hsoume k'osmo pou
+with standards, with greek systems | asqole'itai me diejn'h st'antartc, me
+on different computers etc. | ellhnik'a sust'hmata sta di'afora ko-
+ I volunteer to collect your ans- | mpio'uter klp.
+wers, and make a general report on | Proswpik'a prote'inw na maz'eyw
+them in the autumn's issue of TUGboat | tic apant'hseic sac kai na tic parou-
+(by this occasion I would like to | si'asw sthn fjinopwrin'h 'ekdosh tou
+thank once again the editorial board). | TUGboat.
+ It would be nice to have an email | Ja 'htan wra'ia an e'iqame mia
+list on this subject; but I have not | l'ista hlektroniko'u taqudrome'iou gia
+the slightest idea where and how. | thn anoiqt'h suz'hthsh, all'a den 'eqw
+If some "kind sould" or institution | thn paramikr'h id'ea po'u kai p'wc.
+could provide such a facility, I | An k'apoia ((eugenik'h yuq'h)) 'h k'a-
+would be very grateful. | poio 'idruma (Hr'akleio, P'atra,
+ For this and for other organisa- | Aj'hna m''ako'ute?) mporo'use na mac
+tory problems it would be useful to | prosf'erei aut'hn thn dieuk'olunsh
+create a Greek TeX Users Group sub- | ja 'hmoun pol'u eugn'wmwn.
+structure. Later on we could esta- | Gi''aut'o kai gia 'alla probl'hma-
+blish an FTP server with the totality | ta org'anwshc prote'inw thn 'idrush
+of Greek TeX stuff, AND documentation. | miac ellhnik'hc om'adac qrhst'wn tou
+Such a LUG could also serve to propa- | TeX. Arg'otera ja mporo'usame na orga-
+gate TeX in Greece, as well as in | n'wsoume 'ena server FTP pou na peri'e-
+scholar circles having to typeset | qei otid'hpote 'eqei g'inei p'anw sto
+ancient Greek. Please write me your | ellhnik'o TeX ME tic pr'epousec plhro-
+opinion on all this, and | for'iec kai odhg'iec qr'hshc. Mia t'e-
+ KEEP IN TOUCH! | toia om'ada ja 'htan pol'u qr'hsimh
+ | gia thn di'adosh tou TeX af''en'oc men
+ | sthn Ell'ada, af''et'erou stouc k'u-
+ | klouc twn filol'ogwn pou asqolo'untai
+ | me arqa'ia ellhnik'a. Parakal'w gr'ay-
+ | te mou thn gn'wmh sac, kai propant'oc
+ | DWSTE TO PARON!
+ |
+6. The Dedham TUG Annual Meeting | 6. H et'hsia sun'anthsh tou TUG sthn
+ | Bost'wnh
+ |
+In this meeting I plan to organize | S''aut'h thn sun'anthsh skope'uw na
+a discussion on Greek TeX, in the | diorgan'wsw mian anoiqt'h suz'hthsh
+form of a networking lunch, which | p'anw sto ellhnik'o TeX.
+could potentially lead to a bird-of- | Sac proskal'w loip'on e'ite na
+feather session. | summet'asqete sthn sun'anthsh, e'ite
+ I count on you for either joining | na mo'u ste'ilete tic ap'oyeic kai
+the meeting, or joining the discus- | prot'aseic sac prin thn sun'anthsh
+sion by sending me your remarks and | 'wste na mpor'esw n''anaferj'w kai na
+proposals before the meeting so that | sthriqt'w s''aut'ec. Eg'w ap''thn
+I can report on them. Conversely, if | meri'a mou analamb'anw na sac plhro-
+you can't join the meeting I will | for'hsw gia 'oti leqte'i sthn suz'h-
+inform you on things having been said. | thsh aut'h.
+ |
+7. Final conclusion | 7. Telik'o sump'erasma
+ |
+Please don't take anything for pre- | Parakal'w mhn jewr'hsete t'ipota san
+established! Greek TeX is still in | prokajwrism'eno! To ellhnik'o TeX
+an early stage and independent enough | e'inai ak'oma sta pr'wta st'adia tou
+from plain TeX so that *everything* | kai arket'a anex'arthto ap'o to plain
+can still be changed. | TeX, 'wste *otid'hpote* na mpore'i
+ It is our responsability to make | ak'oma na tropopoihje'i.
+a consistent and user-friendly Greek | E'inai dik'h mac euj'unh na k'a-
+TeX and we must all help since this is | noume 'ena sumpag'ec kai euq'aristo
+really *too much* work to be done by | ellhnik'o TeX kai pr'epei 'oloi na
+just one or two persons! | bohj'hsoume s''aut'o to 'ergo!
+ |
+*******************************************************************************
+ |
+Let me resume the topics to discuss: | Epanalamb'anw ta j'emata suz'hthshc:
+ 1) the font table: which chara- | 1) o p'inakac thc grammatoseir'ac:
+ cters, where and why. | poia gr'ammata, po'u kai giat'i
+ 2) the transliteration: how and | 2) o metagrammatism'oc: p'wc kai
+ why, and how to avoid conflicts | giat'i, kai p'wc n''apof'ugoume
+ with plain TeX | asumbat'othtec me to plain TeX.
+ 3) the 7-bit transliteration for | 3) o metagrammatism'oc sta 7 bit
+ e-mail (which could in fact be | (gia hlektronik'o taqudrome'io)
+ a simplified version of 2)) | to protim'wtero se monotonik'o.
+ 4) the possibility of creating a | 4) h 'idrush miac topik'hc om'adac
+ local TeX Users Group, an | f'ilwn tou TeX, miac l'istac
+ email list and an FTP server. | hlektroniko'u taqudrome'iou kai
+ 5) the use you make of Greek TeX, | en'oc server FTP.
+ your achievements, problems, | 5) pwc qrhsimopoie'ite to TeX sta
+ wishes. | ellhnik'a, ta probl'hmata kai
+ 6) TeX in Greece: where, how, why | oi tuq'on epijum'iec sac.
+ by whom, in which extend. | 6) To TeX sthn Ell'ada: po'u, p'wc,
+ 7) Greek TeX for scholars: which | giat'i, ap'o poion, kai se poia
+ are the special needs and | kl'imaka.
+ standards. | 7) To ellhnik'o TeX gia filol'ogouc
+ | poi'ec e'inai oi eidik'ec an'a-
+and finally | gkec kai oi 'hdh up'arqousec
+ 8) Ideas, ideas, ideas. | n'ormec.
+ |
+ | kai t'eloc
+ | 8) Id'eec, poll'ec id'eec.
+ |
+ Thanks for reading this long text; | Sac euqarist'w pou diab'asate aut'o to
+ I hope to hear from you soon. | ke'imeno, e'uqomai n'aqw n'ea sac
+ | s'untoma.
+ |
+*******************************************************************************
+ Yannis Haralambous | Gi'annhc Qaral'ampouc
+*******************************************************************************
+ 101/11, rue Breughel
+ 59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq
+ France Gall'ia
+ Bitnet: yannis@frcitl81
+ Tel. +33 20052880
+ FAX: +33 20910564
+*******************************************************************************
+A significant motto: | Meriko'i st'iqoi me shmas'ia:
+******************* ****************************
+
+ Perno'un gerno'un ta gegon'ota - ma e'inai kal'o po'umaste ed'w
+ fant'asou ft'anei kai mia n'ota - ki all'azei 'olo ton skop'o.
+
+ Nom'izw 'etsi ki h zw'h mac - san 'opwc len ((t`a p'anta <re%i))
+ sthn j'alassa h ekbol'h mac - ki 'omwc gurn'ame sthn phg'h...
+
+ (M. Raso'ulhc: N'amaste p'ali ed'w Andr'ea)
+
+*******************************************************************************
+
+Appendix 1: Silvio's transliteration table (with slight modifications)
+********
+
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+alpha: a beta: b gamma: g delta: d epsilon: e
+digamma: v zeta: z eta: h theta: j iota: i
+kappa: k lambda: l mu: m nu: n xi: x
+omikron: o pi: p qoppa:\qoppa sanpi:\sanpi rho: r
+sigma: s final sigma:c tau: t upsilon: u phi: f
+chi: q psi: y omega: w
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Accents: acute: ' grave: ` circumflex: %
+Spirits: smooth (daseia): < rough (yilh): >
+Diaeresis (dialutika): " Subscript iota: |
+Apostrophe: '' Question mark: ? Upper point (anw teleia): ;
+Opening, closing guillemets (eisagwgika): ((, ))
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Appendix 2: the font table:
+********
+
+ | '0 | '1 | '2 | '3 | '4 | '5 | '6 | '7 |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ '02x | (|) | (||) | ([[) | (]]) | ({) | (}) | (<) | (>) |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- "1x
+ '03x | <' | >' | <` | >` | <% | >% | "' | "` |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ '04x | | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- "2x
+ '05x | ( | ) | * | _ | , | - | . | / |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ '06x | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- "3x
+ '07x | 8 | 9 | : | ; | < | = | > | ? |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ '10x | @ | A | B | S | D | E | F | G |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- "4x
+ '11x | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ '12x | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- "5x
+ '13x | X | Y | Z | [ |Section| ] |UpSanpi|UpQoppa|
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ '14x | ` | a | b | c | d | e | f | g |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- "6x
+ '15x | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ '16x | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- "7x
+ '17x | x | y | z | (( | '' | )) | % | --- |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ '20x | `a | <a | >a | <`a | `a_ | <a_ | >a_ | <`a_ |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- "8x
+ '21x | 'a | <'a | >'a | >`a | 'a_ | <'a_ | >'a_ | >`a_ |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ '22x | %a | <%a | >%a | qoppa | %a_ | <%a_ | >%a_ | sanpi |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- "9x
+ '23x | `h | <h | >h | <`h | `h_ | <h_ | >h_ | <`h_ |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ '24x | 'h | <'h | >'h | >`h | 'h_ | <'h_ | >'h_ | >`h_ |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- "Ax
+ '25x | %h | <%h | >%h | %" | %h_ | <%h_ | >%h_ | -- |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ '26x | `w | <w | >w | <`w | `w_ | <w_ | >w_ | <`w_ |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- "Bx
+ '27x | 'w | <'w | >'w | >`w | 'w_ | <'w_ | >'w_ | >`w_ |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ '30x | %w | <%w | >%w | | %w_ | <%w_ | >%w_ | |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- "Cx
+ '31x | `i | <i | >i | <`i | `u | <u | >u | <'u |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ '32x | 'i | <'i | >'i | >`i | 'u | <'u | >'u | >`u |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- "Dx
+ '33x | %i | <%i | >%i | | %u | <%u | >%u | |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ '34x | `e | <e | >e | <`e | `o | <o | >o | <'o |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- "Ex
+ '35x | 'e | <'e | >'e | >`e | 'o | <'o | >'o | >`o |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ '36x | "i | "`i | "'i | "%i | "u | "`u | "'u | "%u |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- "Fx
+ '37x | a_ | h_ | w_ | <r | >r | |\macron| \breve|
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ | "8 | "9 | "A | "B | "C | "D | "E | "F |
+
+Remarks: 1) characters '000 to '007 are special symbols used by Oxford for
+ critical editions of epigraphical texts.
+ 2) in characters '053, '204--'372 I used *exceptionally* the
+ symbol _ for the subscript iota, just for better reading. By
+ no means I propose _ as a transliteration of the subscript iota.
+ 3) character '073 is the upper point (anw teleia), '077 the question
+ mark.
+ 4) characters '074 and '075 are spirits. Character "Section" is a
+ section mark (like \char'170 in the cmsy font).
+ 5) characters '047 and '140 are accents, while '174 is the opening
+ quote (apostrofoc).
+ 6) positions '015 and '040 are left empty in purpose to maintain
+ compatibility with PostScript fonts.
+
+
+
+
+ ***********************************************************************
+ * LATE BREAKING NEWS * DERNIERES NOUVELLES * LETZTE NACHRICHTEN *
+ ***********************************************************************
+ * TELEUTAIA NEA *
+ ***********************************************************************
+
+Thanks to the friendly support of DANTE and especially of Joachim
+Lammarsch a discussion list on Greek TeX (cf. "CALL FOR
+STANDARDIZATION OF GREEK TeX AND CREATION OF A GREEK TeX GROUP") has
+been opened, at
+
+ ELLHNIKA@DHDURZ1 (Bitnet)
+
+You can subscribe by sending the usual
+
+ SUBSCRIBE ELLHNIKA <Your name>
+
+to LISTSERV@DHDURZ1. Please note that messages to the list should be
+send to the list adress ELLHNIKA@DHDURZ1 and not to the LISTSERV.
+
+ Languages of the list are English and Greek (Modern please!!)
+ It would be appreciated if you use Silvio Levy's transliteration
+ for Greek, as long as no other transliteration has been fixed.
+ If you have to use a different one, please precise the corres-
+ pondences at top of the message.
+
+The list is intended for linguists of any origin having to typeset
+ancient Greek, as well as for people using Greek as their everyday's
+language. It is quite a dilemma for me to encourage
+ - the former to participate in English and discuss the TeXnical
+ problems of ancient Greek
+ - the latter to participate in Greek and in this way get used to
+ the transliterated expression of the language; as I said in the
+ "CALL", a certain effort must be taken to bypass the handicap of
+ having a different alphabet, this list should serve as a starting
+ point inside the TeX world.
+ So there are two languages and two directions to take. Let's find a
+compromise based on the spirit of cooperation! (and if a scholar
+decides to learn Modern Greek for breaking this Gordian knot, I
+guarantee him that he won't be dissapointed!).
+
+ YOU ARE INVITED TO JOIN US IN THE DISCUSSION ON GREEK TeX
+
+ Best wishes
+ Yannis Haralambous
+
+
+
+______________________________________________________________________
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+Character code reference:
+Upper case letters: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
+Lower case letters: abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
+Digits: 0123456789
+Square, curly, angle braces, parentheses: [] {} <> ()
+Backslash, slash, vertical bar: \ / |
+Punctuation: . ? ! , : ;
+Underscore, hyphen, equals sign: _ - =
+Quotes--right left double: ' ` "
+"at", "number" "dollar", "percent", "and": @ # $ % &
+"hat", "star", "plus", "tilde": ~ * + %
+
+\bye bye!
+% End of TeXMaG
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%