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-rw-r--r--graphics/axodraw/README22
-rw-r--r--graphics/axodraw/axodraw.pdfbin0 -> 135892 bytes
-rw-r--r--graphics/axodraw/axodraw.sty1685
-rw-r--r--graphics/axodraw/axodraw.tex960
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diff --git a/graphics/axodraw/README b/graphics/axodraw/README
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+
+This is the 'axodraw' system. Currently it is used for drawing
+Feynman diagrams in the contents of a LaTeX document.
+This system was made by Jos Vermaseren and can be used freely for
+non commercial purposes only.
+Any commercial use needs the written approval of Jos Vermaseren.
+Basically the graphics primitives are written in postscript, but the
+user sees only LaTeX commands, and never has to worry about postscript.
+This gives a considerable flexibility.
+The current version (5-mar-1998) supports color.
+
+The whole will work together with the dvips system of radical eye software.
+With other dvi to postscript converters or with systems that do not
+convert properly to postscript working is not garanteed.
+
+The manual is obtained by the commands
+latex axoman
+dvips axoman
+after which it should be available from the printer.
+
+Good Luck
+ Jos Vermaseren
diff --git a/graphics/axodraw/axodraw.pdf b/graphics/axodraw/axodraw.pdf
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index 0000000000..3af724b66d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/axodraw/axodraw.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/graphics/axodraw/axodraw.sty b/graphics/axodraw/axodraw.sty
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+%
+% Style file for the drawing of Feynman diagrams with LaTeX.
+% It assumes that the dvips that is used is by Radical Eye Software
+% (by Rokicki), because the graphics primitives are given in
+% postscript. If you do not work with a dvi to postscript converter
+% you are out of luck.
+%
+% Made by J.A.M. Vermaseren 14-feb-1994
+%
+% Use:
+% Enter the picture environment with for instance
+% \begin{picture}(width,height)(0,0)
+% statements
+% \end{picture}
+% All statements should be entered inside the picture environment.
+% All coordinates should be in terms of pt (but the pt must be omitted).
+% One may also use the figure environment.
+%
+\input{epsf.sty}
+\openin5=colordvi.sty
+\ifeof5
+ \closein5
+ \def\axocolor{ }
+ \def\SetColor#1{ }
+ \def\Color#1#2{#2}
+ \def\IfColor#1#2{#2 }
+\else
+ \closein5
+ \input{colordvi.sty}
+ \background{White}
+ \textBlack
+ \def\axocolor{Black }
+ \def\SetColor#1{\def\axocolor{#1 }}
+ \def\IfColor#1#2{#1}
+\fi
+%
+% The variables in are:
+% mtrx,num,ampi,x1,y1,x2,y2,dx,dy,dr,speed
+% step,phi,arcend,arcstart,radius
+% theindex,thechar,darc,const,amp1 amp2 amp3
+% gcolor,xx,name,name1,name2,xx1,xx2
+%
+% NOTE: blank lines are not allowed inside the postscript code!!!!!
+% (LaTeX sneaks \par commands in and the postscript goes boink)
+%
+\special{! /ed{exch def}def /gs{gsave dup scale}def
+/gsw{gs /width ed width setlinewidth}def /p1{/y1 ed /x1 ed}def
+/p2{/y2 ed /x2 ed}def /abox{newpath x1 y1 moveto x1 y2 lineto
+x2 y2 lineto x2 y1 lineto closepath}def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /arrowdown{
+ /nwidth { width 1 add } def
+ newpath
+ 0 nwidth 1.5 mul neg moveto % Arrow is a triangle
+ nwidth 1.2 mul nwidth 3 mul rlineto
+ nwidth 2.4 mul neg 0 rlineto
+ nwidth 1.2 mul nwidth 3 mul neg rlineto
+ closepath fill % and it is filled
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /arrowup{
+ /nwidth { width 1 add } def
+ newpath
+ 0 nwidth 1.5 mul moveto % Arrow is a triangle
+ nwidth 1.2 mul nwidth 3 mul neg rlineto
+ nwidth 2.4 mul neg 0 rlineto
+ nwidth 1.2 mul nwidth 3 mul rlineto
+ closepath fill % and it is filled
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /arrowright{
+ /nwidth { width 1 add } def
+ newpath
+ nwidth 1.5 mul 0 moveto % Arrow is a triangle
+ nwidth 3 mul neg nwidth 1.2 mul rlineto
+ 0 nwidth 2.4 mul neg rlineto
+ nwidth 3 mul nwidth 1.2 mul rlineto
+ closepath fill % and it is filled
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /gluon{
+ gsw /num ed /ampi ed /dy ed /dx ed p1
+ /dy dy y1 sub def /dx dx x1 sub def
+%
+% We have a 'head' and a 'tail' and inbetween the 'body'
+% The head + tail is 2 windings. The body is num-1 windings.
+%
+ /dr dx dx mul dy dy mul add sqrt def
+%
+ x1 y1 translate dy dx atan rotate
+%
+ /num num 0.5 sub round def
+ /inc dr num 2 mul 2 add div def % increment per half winding
+ /amp8 ampi 0.9 mul def
+ amp8 0 lt {/amp8 amp8 neg def} if
+%
+ /x1 inc 2 mul def
+%
+ newpath
+ 0 0 moveto
+ inc 0.1 mul ampi 0.5 mul inc 0.5 mul ampi inc 1.4 mul ampi curveto
+ x1 amp8 add dup ampi exch ampi neg dup x1 exch curveto
+%
+ 2 1 num {
+ pop
+ x1 amp8 sub dup ampi neg exch ampi dup x1 inc add exch curveto
+ /x1 x1 inc dup add add def
+ x1 amp8 add dup ampi exch ampi neg dup x1 exch curveto
+ } for
+%
+ x1 amp8 sub dup ampi neg exch ampi dup x1 inc 0.6 mul add exch curveto
+ x1 inc 1.5 mul add ampi dr inc 0.1 mul sub ampi 0.5 mul dr 0 curveto
+ stroke
+%
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /photon{
+%
+% Draws a photon from x1,y1 to x2,y2 with amplitude A and n wiggles
+%
+ gsw /num ed /ampi ed p2 p1
+ /dy y2 y1 sub def /dx x2 x1 sub def
+ /dr dx dx mul dy dy mul add sqrt def
+%
+ x1 y1 translate
+ dy dx atan rotate
+ /num num 2 mul 0.5 sub round def
+ /x2 dr num div def
+ /pi 3.141592 def
+ /sign 1 def
+ 1 1 num {
+ pop
+ newpath
+ 0 0 moveto
+ 4 3 div x2 mul pi div dup neg x2 add
+ 4 3 div ampi sign mul mul dup 3 1 roll
+ x2 0 curveto
+ stroke
+ /sign sign neg def
+ x2 0 translate
+ } for
+%
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /zigzag{
+%
+% Draws a zigzag line from x1,y1 to x2,y2 with amplitude A and n zigzags
+%
+ gsw /num ed /ampi ed p2 p1
+ /dy y2 y1 sub def /dx x2 x1 sub def
+ /dr dx dx mul dy dy mul add sqrt def
+%
+ x1 y1 translate
+ dy dx atan rotate
+ /num num 2 mul 0.5 sub round def
+ /x2 dr num div def
+ /pi 3.141592 def
+ /sign 1 def
+ 1 1 num {
+ pop
+ newpath
+ 0 0 moveto
+ x2 2 div ampi sign mul lineto
+ x2 0 lineto
+ stroke
+ /sign sign neg def
+ x2 0 translate
+ } for
+%
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /photonarc{
+%
+% Draws a photonarc center at x1,y1, radius arcstart,arcend, amplitude
+% number of wiggles, width, scale
+%
+ gsw /num ed /ampli ed /arcend ed /arcstart ed /radius ed
+%
+ translate % The center of the circle is now the origin
+%
+ /num num 2 mul round def % number of half wiggles
+ arcend arcstart lt { /arcend arcend 360 add def } if
+ /arcend arcend arcstart sub num div def % phi
+ arcstart rotate
+ /arcstart arcend 2 div def % phi/2
+ /cp arcend cos def
+ /sp arcend sin def
+ /cp2 arcstart cos def
+ /sp2 arcstart sin def
+%
+ newpath
+ 1 1 num {
+ pop
+ radius 0 moveto
+ /beta radius arcend mul 180 ampli mul div def
+ /tt sp cp beta mul sub cp sp beta mul add div def
+ /amp1 radius ampli add 8 mul beta cp2 mul sp2 sub mul beta 4 cp add mul
+ tt cp mul 3 mul sp 4 mul sub add radius mul sub
+ beta tt sub 3 mul div def % this is x2
+ radius ampli add 8 mul cp2 mul 1 cp add radius mul sub 3 div amp1 sub
+ dup radius sub beta mul % x1,y1
+ amp1 dup radius cp mul sub tt mul radius sp mul add % x2,y2
+ radius cp mul radius sp mul % x3 y3
+ curveto
+ /ampli ampli neg def
+ arcend rotate
+ } for
+ stroke
+%
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /gluearc{
+%
+% Draws a gluon on an arcsegment
+% x_center,y_center,radius,stat_angle,end_angle,gluon_radius,num
+% in which num is the number of windings of the gluon.
+% Method:
+% 1: compute length of arc.
+% 2: generate gluon in x and y as if the arc is a straight line
+% 3: x' = (radius+y)*cos(x*const)
+% y' = (radius+y)*sin(x*const)
+%
+ gsw /num ed /ampi ed /arcend ed /arcstart ed /radius ed
+%
+ translate % move to center of circle
+ arcstart rotate % segment starts at zero
+ /darc arcend arcstart sub def % argsegment
+ /dr darc 180 div 3.141592 mul radius mul def % length of segment.
+ /const darc dr div def % conversion constant
+%
+ /num num 0.5 sub round def
+ /inc dr num 2 mul 2 add div def % increment per half winding
+%
+ /amp8 ampi 0.9 mul def
+ /amp1 radius ampi add def
+ /amp2 radius ampi sub def
+ /amp3 radius ampi 2 div add def
+ /amp4 amp1 inc amp8 add const mul cos div def
+ /amp5 amp2 amp8 const mul cos div def
+ /amp6 amp1 inc 0.6 mul amp8 add const mul cos div def
+ /amp7 amp1 inc 0.9 mul const mul cos div def
+ amp8 0 lt {/amp8 amp8 neg def} if
+%
+ /x1 inc 2 mul def
+%
+ newpath
+ radius 0 moveto
+%
+ inc 0.1 mul const mul dup cos amp3 mul exch sin amp3 mul
+ inc 0.5 mul const mul dup cos amp7 mul exch sin amp7 mul
+ inc 1.4 mul const mul dup cos amp1 mul exch sin amp1 mul
+ curveto
+ x1 amp8 add const mul dup cos amp6 mul exch sin amp6 mul
+ x1 amp8 add const mul dup cos amp5 mul exch sin amp5 mul
+ x1 const mul dup cos amp2 mul exch sin amp2 mul
+ curveto
+%
+ 2 1 num {
+ pop
+ x1 amp8 sub const mul dup cos amp5 mul exch sin amp5 mul
+ x1 amp8 sub const mul dup cos amp4 mul exch sin amp4 mul
+ x1 inc add const mul dup cos amp1 mul exch sin amp1 mul
+ curveto
+ /x1 x1 inc dup add add def
+ x1 amp8 add const mul dup cos amp4 mul exch sin amp4 mul
+ x1 amp8 add const mul dup cos amp5 mul exch sin amp5 mul
+ x1 const mul dup cos amp2 mul exch sin amp2 mul
+ curveto
+ } for
+%
+ x1 amp8 sub const mul dup cos amp5 mul exch sin amp5 mul
+ x1 amp8 sub const mul dup cos amp6 mul exch sin amp6 mul
+ x1 inc 0.6 mul add const mul dup cos amp1 mul exch sin amp1 mul
+ curveto
+ x1 inc 1.5 mul add const mul dup cos amp7 mul exch sin amp7 mul
+ dr inc 0.1 mul sub const mul dup cos amp3 mul exch sin amp3 mul
+ dr const mul dup cos radius mul exch sin radius mul
+ curveto
+ stroke
+%
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /arrowarc{
+%
+% Draws an anticlockwise arc with an arrow in the middle
+% The arc is x_center, y_center, radius, start_angle, end_angle
+%
+ gsw /arcend ed /arcstart ed /radius ed
+%
+ translate % x and y are still on stack
+ newpath 0 0 radius arcstart arcend arc stroke
+ arcstart arcend gt {
+ /arcend arcend 360 add def } if
+ arcstart arcend add 2 div rotate % middle of arc
+ radius 0 translate % move to it
+ arrowup
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /longarrowarc{
+%
+% Draws an anticlockwise arc with an arrow at the end
+% The arc is x_center, y_center, radius, start_angle, end_angle
+%
+ gsw /arcend ed /arcstart ed /radius ed
+%
+ translate % x and y are still on stack
+ arcstart arcend gt {
+ /arcend arcend 360 add def } if
+ /arcmid 540 width 1 add mul 3.14159 div radius div def
+ % discount for arrow
+ newpath 0 0 radius arcstart arcend arcmid sub arc stroke
+ arcend arcmid 2 div sub rotate % middle of arrow
+ radius 0 translate % move to it
+ arrowup
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /dasharrowarc{
+%
+% Draws a dashed anticlockwise arc with an arrow in the middle
+% The arc is x_center, y_center, radius, start_angle, end_angle dsize
+%
+ gsw /dsize ed /arcend1 ed /arcstart1 ed /radius ed
+%
+ translate % x and y are still on stack
+%
+ arcend1 arcstart1 lt { /arcend1 arcend1 360 add def } if
+ /arcmid1 arcend1 arcstart1 add 2 div def
+%
+ 0 0 radius arcstart1 arcmid1 dsize width 1 dashcarc
+ 0 0 radius arcmid1 arcend1 dsize width 1 dashcarc
+ arcmid1 rotate
+ radius 0 translate
+ arrowup
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /arrowarcn{
+%
+% Draws a clockwise arc with an arrow in the middle
+% The arc is x_center, y_center, radius, start_angle, end_angle
+%
+ gsw /arcend ed /arcstart ed /radius ed
+%
+ translate % x and y are still on stack
+ newpath 0 0 radius arcstart arcend arcn stroke
+ arcstart arcend lt {
+ /arcstart arcstart 360 add def } if
+ arcstart arcend add 2 div rotate % middle of arc
+ radius 0 translate % move to it
+ arrowdown
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /longarrowarcn{
+%
+% Draws a clockwise arc with an arrow in the end
+% The arc is x_center, y_center, radius, start_angle, end_angle
+%
+ gsw /arcend ed /arcstart ed /radius ed
+%
+ translate % x and y are still on stack
+ arcstart arcend lt {
+ /arcstart arcstart 360 add def } if
+ /arcmid 540 width 1 add mul 3.14159 div radius div def
+ % correction for arrow
+ newpath 0 0 radius arcstart arcend arcmid add arcn stroke
+ arcend arcmid 2 div add rotate % middle of arrow
+ radius 0 translate % move to it
+ arrowdown
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /dasharrowarcn{
+%
+% Draws a dashed clockwise arc with an arrow in the middle
+% The arc is x_center, y_center, radius, start_angle, end_angle
+%
+ gsw /dsize ed /arcend1 ed /arcstart1 ed /radius ed
+%
+ translate % x and y are still on stack
+ arcstart1 arcend1 lt {
+ /arcstart1 arcstart1 360 add def } if
+ /arcmid1 arcstart1 arcend1 add 2 div def
+ 0 0 radius arcmid1 arcstart1 dsize width 1 dashcarc
+ 0 0 radius arcend1 arcmid1 dsize width 1 dashcarc
+ arcmid1 rotate
+ radius 0 translate
+ arrowdown
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /arrowline{
+%
+% Draws a straight line with an arrow in the middle
+% x1,y1,x2,y2
+%
+ gsw p2 p1
+ /dx x2 x1 sub def /dy y2 y1 sub def
+ /dr dx dx mul dy dy mul add sqrt def
+%
+ x1 y1 translate
+ newpath
+ 0 0 moveto
+ dx dy rlineto
+ stroke
+ dy dx atan rotate
+ dr 2.0 div 0 translate
+ arrowright
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /longarrow{
+%
+% Draws a straight line with an arrow at the end
+% x1,y1,x2,y2
+%
+ gsw p2 p1
+ /dx x2 x1 sub def /dy y2 y1 sub def
+ /dr dx dx mul dy dy mul add sqrt def
+%
+ x1 y1 translate
+ dy dx atan rotate
+ newpath
+ 0 0 moveto
+ dr width 3 mul sub 0 rlineto
+ stroke
+ dr width 1.5 mul sub 0 translate
+ arrowright
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /dasharrowline{
+%
+% Draws a straight dashed line with an arrow in the middle
+% x1,y1,x2,y2
+%
+% The pattern is ideally [dsize dsize] 0 setdash
+% but we want to have (2*n+1)/2 patterns, so dsize must be rounded
+% Actually we want the center to be black too so that the arrow
+% fits in nice. This means that n must be odd. So
+% r = dsize*(4*m+3)
+%
+ gsw /dsize ed p2 p1
+ /dx x2 x1 sub def /dy y2 y1 sub def
+ /dr dx dx mul dy dy mul add sqrt 2 div def
+%
+ x1 y1 translate
+ dy dx atan rotate
+%
+ 0 0 dr 0 dsize width 1 dashline
+ dr 0 translate
+ 0 0 dr 0 dsize width 1 dashline
+ arrowright
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /line{
+%
+% Draws a straight line: x1,y1,x2,y2
+%
+ gsw p2 p1
+%
+ newpath
+ x1 y1 moveto
+ x2 y2 lineto
+ stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /dashline{
+%
+% Draws a straight dashed line: x1,y1,x2,y2,dsize
+%
+% The pattern is ideally [dsize dsize] 0 setdash
+% but we want to have (2*n+1)/2 patterns, so dsize must be rounded
+%
+ gsw /dsize ed p2 p1
+ /r y2 y1 sub dup mul x2 x1 sub dup mul add sqrt def
+ /dsize r dsize 2 mul div 0.5 sub round dup 0 le { pop 0 } if 2 mul 1 add
+ r exch div def
+ [dsize dsize] 0 setdash
+%
+ newpath
+ x1 y1 moveto
+ x2 y2 lineto
+ stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /carc{
+%
+% Draws an anti-clockwise arc segment:
+% x_center, y_center, radius, start_angle, end_angle
+%
+ gsw /arcend ed /arcstart ed /radius ed
+%
+ translate % x and y are still on stack
+ newpath 0 0 radius arcstart arcend arc stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /dashcarc{
+%
+% Draws an anti-clockwise arc segment:
+% x_center, y_center, radius, start_angle, end_angle, dsize
+%
+ gsw /dsize ed /arcend ed /arcstart ed /radius ed
+%
+ translate % x and y are still on stack
+%
+% Compute the length of the line
+%
+ /dr arcend arcstart sub dup 0 lt { 360 add } if
+ 3.14159 mul 180 div radius mul def
+ /dsize dr dsize 2 mul div 0.5 sub round dup 0 le { pop 0 } if 2 mul 1 add
+ dr exch div def
+ [dsize dsize] 0 setdash
+%
+ newpath 0 0 radius arcstart arcend arc stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /vertex{
+%
+% Puts a fat dot at x,y size is the radius of the dot
+%
+ gs
+ /dotsize ed
+ translate
+ newpath
+ 0 0 dotsize 0 360 arc
+ fill stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /bcirc{
+%
+% Draws an anti-clockwise blanked circle:
+% x_center, y_center, radius
+%
+ gsw /radius ed
+%
+ translate % x and y are still on stack
+%
+ gsave
+ 1 setgray
+ newpath 0 0 radius 0 360 arc fill
+ grestore
+ newpath 0 0 radius 0 360 arc stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /gcirc{
+%
+% Draws an anti-clockwise blanked gray circle:
+% x_center, y_center, radius, grayscale
+%
+ gsw /gcolor ed /radius ed
+%
+ translate % x and y are still on stack
+%
+ 1 setgray
+ newpath 0 0 radius 0 360 arc fill
+ gcolor setgray
+ newpath 0 0 radius 0 360 arc fill
+ 0 setgray
+ newpath 0 0 radius 0 360 arc stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /ccirc1{
+%
+% Draws an anti-clockwise circle :
+% x_center, y_center, radius
+% Part 1: the contents in background color
+%
+ gsw /radius ed
+%
+ translate % x and y are still on stack
+%
+ newpath 0 0 radius 0 360 arc fill
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /ccirc2{
+%
+% Draws an anti-clockwise circle :
+% x_center, y_center, radius
+% Part 1: the contents in background color
+%
+ gsw /radius ed
+%
+ translate % x and y are still on stack
+%
+ newpath 0 0 radius 0 360 arc stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /box{
+%
+% Draws a box x1,y1,x2,y2
+%
+ gsw p2 p1
+ abox stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /bbox{
+%
+% Draws a blanked out box x1,y1,x2,y2
+%
+ gsw p2 p1
+ gsave
+ 1 setgray abox fill
+ grestore
+ abox stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /gbox{
+%
+% Draws a blanked out gray box x1,y1,x2,y2,color
+%
+ gsw /gcolor ed p2 p1
+ 1 setgray abox fill
+ gcolor setgray abox fill
+ 0 setgray abox stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /cbox1{
+%
+% Draws a blanked out colored box x1,y1,x2,y2
+% Part 1: the background
+%
+ gsw p2 p1
+ abox fill
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /cbox2{
+%
+% Draws a blanked out colored box x1,y1,x2,y2
+% Part 1: the box
+%
+ gsw p2 p1
+ abox stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /btext{
+%
+% Makes a box that has the text centered in it
+% The center of the box is at x,y and the box is just large enough
+% for the text.
+% x,y,text,fontsize,linewidth,scale
+%
+ gsw /fsize ed /thetext ed translate
+ /hsize thetext stringwidth pop def
+ /x1 hsize fsize add 2 div neg def
+ /y1 fsize 2 mul 3 div neg def
+ /x2 x1 neg def /y2 y1 neg def
+ gsave 1 setgray abox fill grestore
+ abox stroke
+ hsize 2 div neg fsize 3 div neg moveto thetext show
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /b2text{
+%
+% Makes a box that has two lines of text centered in it
+% The center of the box is at x,y and the box is just large enough
+% for the text.
+% x,y,text1,text2,fontsize,linewidth,scale
+%
+ gsw /fsize ed /text2 ed /text1 ed translate
+ /hsize1 text1 stringwidth pop def
+ /hsize2 text2 stringwidth pop def
+ hsize1 hsize2 lt { /hsize hsize2 def } { /hsize hsize1 def } ifelse
+ /x1 hsize fsize add 2 div neg def
+ /y1 fsize neg 7 mul 6 div def
+ /x2 x1 neg def /y2 y1 neg def
+ gsave 1 setgray abox fill grestore
+ abox stroke
+ hsize1 2 div neg fsize 6 div moveto text1 show
+ hsize2 2 div neg fsize 5 mul 6 div neg moveto text2 show
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /gtext{
+%
+% Makes a gray box that has the text centered in it
+% The center of the box is at x,y and the box is just large enough
+% for the text.
+% x,y,gray,text,fontsize,linewidth,scale
+%
+ gsw /fsize ed /thetext ed /graysc ed translate
+ /hsize thetext stringwidth pop def
+ /x1 hsize fsize add 2 div neg def
+ /y1 fsize 2 mul 3 div neg def
+ /x2 x1 neg def /y2 y1 neg def
+ graysc setgray abox fill 0 setgray abox stroke
+ hsize 2 div neg fsize 3 div neg moveto thetext show
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /ctext1{
+%
+% Makes a colored box that has the text centered in it
+% The center of the box is at x,y and the box is just large enough
+% for the text.
+% x,y,text,fontsize,linewidth,scale
+% Part 1: the background
+%
+ gsw /fsize ed /thetext ed translate
+ /hsize thetext stringwidth pop def
+ /x1 hsize fsize add 2 div neg def
+ /y1 fsize 2 mul 3 div neg def
+ /x2 x1 neg def /y2 y1 neg def
+ abox fill
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /ctext2{
+%
+% Makes a colored box that has the text centered in it
+% The center of the box is at x,y and the box is just large enough
+% for the text.
+% x,y,text,fontsize,linewidth,scale
+% Part 2: the box and the text
+%
+ gsw /fsize ed /thetext ed translate
+ /hsize thetext stringwidth pop def
+ /x1 hsize fsize add 2 div neg def
+ /y1 fsize 2 mul 3 div neg def
+ /x2 x1 neg def /y2 y1 neg def
+ abox stroke
+ hsize 2 div neg fsize 3 div neg moveto thetext show
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /g2text{
+%
+% Makes a gray box that has two lines of text centered in it
+% The center of the box is at x,y and the box is just large enough
+% for the text.
+% x,y,gray,text1,text2,fontsize,linewidth,scale
+%
+ gsw /fsize ed /text2 ed /text1 ed /graysc ed translate
+ /hsize1 text1 stringwidth pop def
+ /hsize2 text2 stringwidth pop def
+ hsize1 hsize2 lt { /hsize hsize2 def } { /hsize hsize1 def } ifelse
+ /x1 hsize fsize add 2 div neg def
+ /y1 fsize neg 7 mul 6 div def
+ /x2 x1 neg def /y2 y1 neg def
+ graysc setgray abox fill 0 setgray abox stroke
+ hsize1 2 div neg fsize 6 div moveto text1 show
+ hsize2 2 div neg fsize 5 mul 6 div neg moveto text2 show
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /c2text1{
+%
+% Makes a colored box that has two lines of text centered in it
+% The center of the box is at x,y and the box is just large enough
+% for the text.
+% x,y,text1,text2,fontsize,linewidth,scale
+% Part 1: the background
+%
+ gsw /fsize ed /text2 ed /text1 ed translate
+ /hsize1 text1 stringwidth pop def
+ /hsize2 text2 stringwidth pop def
+ hsize1 hsize2 lt { /hsize hsize2 def } { /hsize hsize1 def } ifelse
+ /x1 hsize fsize add 2 div neg def
+ /y1 fsize neg 7 mul 6 div def
+ /x2 x1 neg def /y2 y1 neg def
+ abox fill
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /c2text2{
+%
+% Makes a colored box that has two lines of text centered in it
+% The center of the box is at x,y and the box is just large enough
+% for the text.
+% x,y,text1,text2,fontsize,linewidth,scale
+% Part 2, box and text
+%
+ gsw /fsize ed /text2 ed /text1 ed translate
+ /hsize1 text1 stringwidth pop def
+ /hsize2 text2 stringwidth pop def
+ hsize1 hsize2 lt { /hsize hsize2 def } { /hsize hsize1 def } ifelse
+ /x1 hsize fsize add 2 div neg def
+ /y1 fsize neg 7 mul 6 div def
+ /x2 x1 neg def /y2 y1 neg def
+ abox stroke
+ hsize1 2 div neg fsize 6 div moveto text1 show
+ hsize2 2 div neg fsize 5 mul 6 div neg moveto text2 show
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /ptext{
+%
+% Puts a text at x,y (focal point)
+% phi is a rotation angle
+% Mode tells how the text should be w.r.t. the focal point.
+% fsize is the fontsize
+% Then the text is given.
+% Finally the scale factor should be there
+%
+ gs
+ /text ed
+ /fsize ed
+ /mode ed
+ 3 1 roll
+ translate rotate % We are at the focus and have the proper orientation
+ mode 3 lt { 0 fsize neg translate } {
+ mode 6 lt { /mode mode 3 sub def 0 fsize 2 div neg translate }
+ { /mode mode 6 sub def } ifelse } ifelse
+ /fsize text stringwidth pop def
+ mode 1 eq { fsize 2 div neg 0 translate } {
+ mode 2 eq { fsize neg 0 translate } if } ifelse
+ 0 0 moveto
+ text show
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /goval{
+%
+% Draws a colored oval that overwrites whatever was there.
+% x_center y_center height width rotation color linewidth scale
+%
+ gsw /gcolor ed /x1 ed /x2 ed /radius ed
+%
+ translate % x and y are still on stack
+ x1 rotate
+ x2 radius div 1.0 scale
+ 1 setgray newpath 0 0 radius 0 360 arc fill
+ gcolor setgray newpath 0 0 radius 0 360 arc fill
+ 0 setgray newpath 0 0 radius 0 360 arc stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /coval1{
+%
+% Draws a oval that overwrites whatever was there.
+% x_center y_center height width rotation linewidth scale
+%
+ gsw /x1 ed /x2 ed /radius ed
+%
+ translate % x and y are still on stack
+ x1 rotate
+ x2 radius div 1.0 scale
+ newpath 0 0 radius 0 360 arc fill
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /coval2{
+%
+% Draws a oval that overwrites whatever was there.
+% x_center y_center height width rotation linewidth scale
+%
+ gsw /x1 ed /x2 ed /radius ed
+%
+ translate % x and y are still on stack
+ x1 rotate
+ x2 radius div 1.0 scale
+ newpath 0 0 radius 0 360 arc stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /oval{
+%
+% Draws an oval that does not overwrite whatever was there.
+% x_center y_center height width rotation linewidth scale
+%
+ gsw /x1 ed /x2 ed /radius ed
+%
+ translate % x and y are still on stack
+ x1 rotate
+ x2 radius div 1.0 scale
+%
+ newpath 0 0 radius 0 360 arc stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /docurve{
+ x1 2 mul x2 add 3 div
+ y1 y0 sub x1 x0 sub div x2 x0 sub mul
+ y2 y0 sub x2 x0 sub div x1 x0 sub mul add
+ y1 add y0 2 mul add 3 div
+ x1 x2 2 mul add 3 div
+ y2 y3 sub x2 x3 sub div x1 x3 sub mul
+ y1 y3 sub x1 x3 sub div x2 x3 sub mul add
+ y2 add y3 2 mul add 3 div
+ x2 y2 curveto
+} def }
+%
+\special{! /makecurve{
+%
+% Incoming stack:
+% [array of x,y pairs] width scale
+%
+ gsw /points ed
+ /ss points length 2 idiv 2 mul def
+ newpath
+ ss 4 gt {
+ /x1 points 0 get def
+ /y1 points 1 get def
+ /x2 points 2 get def
+ /y2 points 3 get def
+ /x3 points 4 get def
+ /y3 points 5 get def
+ /x0 x1 2 mul x2 sub def
+ /y0 y3 y2 sub x3 x2 sub div y2 y1 sub x2 x1 sub div sub 2 mul
+ x2 x1 sub dup mul x3 x1 sub div mul
+ y1 2 mul add y2 sub def
+ x1 y1 moveto
+ docurve
+ 0 2 ss 8 sub { /ii ed
+ /x0 points ii get def
+ /y0 points ii 1 add get def
+ /x1 points ii 2 add get def
+ /y1 points ii 3 add get def
+ /x2 points ii 4 add get def
+ /y2 points ii 5 add get def
+ /x3 points ii 6 add get def
+ /y3 points ii 7 add get def
+ docurve
+ } for
+ /x0 points ss 6 sub get def
+ /y0 points ss 5 sub get def
+ /x1 points ss 4 sub get def
+ /y1 points ss 3 sub get def
+ /x2 points ss 2 sub get def
+ /y2 points ss 1 sub get def
+ /x3 x2 2 mul x1 sub def
+ /y3 y2 y1 sub x2 x1 sub div y1 y0 sub x1 x0 sub div sub 2 mul
+ x2 x1 sub dup mul x2 x0 sub div mul
+ y2 2 mul add y1 sub def
+ docurve
+ } {
+ ss 4 eq {
+ points 0 get points 1 get moveto
+ points 2 get points 3 get lineto
+ } if
+ } ifelse
+ stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /makedashcurve{
+%
+% Incoming stack:
+% [array of x,y pairs] dashsize width scale
+%
+ gsw /dsize ed /points ed
+ /ss points length 2 idiv 2 mul def
+ newpath
+ ss 4 gt {
+ /x1 points 0 get def
+ /y1 points 1 get def
+ /x2 points 2 get def
+ /y2 points 3 get def
+ /x3 points 4 get def
+ /y3 points 5 get def
+ /x0 x1 2 mul x2 sub def
+ /y0 y3 y2 sub x3 x2 sub div y2 y1 sub x2 x1 sub div sub 2 mul
+ x2 x1 sub dup mul x3 x1 sub div mul
+ y1 2 mul add y2 sub def
+ x1 y1 moveto
+ docurve
+ 0 2 ss 8 sub { /ii ed
+ /x0 points ii get def
+ /y0 points ii 1 add get def
+ /x1 points ii 2 add get def
+ /y1 points ii 3 add get def
+ /x2 points ii 4 add get def
+ /y2 points ii 5 add get def
+ /x3 points ii 6 add get def
+ /y3 points ii 7 add get def
+ docurve
+ } for
+ /x0 points ss 6 sub get def
+ /y0 points ss 5 sub get def
+ /x1 points ss 4 sub get def
+ /y1 points ss 3 sub get def
+ /x2 points ss 2 sub get def
+ /y2 points ss 1 sub get def
+ /x3 x2 2 mul x1 sub def
+ /y3 y2 y1 sub x2 x1 sub div y1 y0 sub x1 x0 sub div sub 2 mul
+ x2 x1 sub dup mul x2 x0 sub div mul
+ y2 2 mul add y1 sub def
+ docurve
+ } {
+ ss 4 eq {
+ points 0 get points 1 get moveto
+ points 2 get points 3 get lineto
+ } if
+ } ifelse
+ centerdash
+ stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+\special{! /pathlength{
+ flattenpath
+ /dist 0 def
+ { /yfirst ed /xfirst ed /ymoveto yfirst def /xmoveto xfirst def }
+ { /ynext ed /xnext ed /dist dist ynext yfirst sub dup mul
+ xnext xfirst sub dup mul add sqrt add def
+ /yfirst ynext def /xfirst xnext def }
+ {}
+ {/ynext ymoveto def /xnext xmoveto def
+ /dist ynext yfirst sub dup mul
+ xnext xfirst sub dup mul add sqrt add def
+ /yfirst ynext def /xfirst xnext def }
+ pathforall
+ dist
+} def }
+%
+\special{! /centerdash{
+ /pathlen pathlength def
+ /jj pathlen dsize div 2.0 div cvi def
+ /ddsize pathlen jj 2.0 mul div def
+ [ddsize] ddsize 2 div setdash
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /logaxis{
+%
+% Draws an axis from x1,y1 to x2,y2 with nl log divisions
+% size of the hashes hs, offset F
+% and width W. The stack looks like
+% x1,y1,x2,y2,nl,hs,F,W,scale
+% After the rotation the hash marks are on top if nl is positive and
+% on the bottom if nl is negative
+%
+ gsw /offset ed /hashsize ed /nlogs ed p2 p1
+ x1 y1 translate
+ /y2 y2 y1 sub def /x2 x2 x1 sub def
+ y2 x2 atan rotate
+ /rr x2 dup mul y2 dup mul add sqrt def
+ offset 0 ne { /offset offset ln 10 ln div def } if
+ /offset offset dup cvi sub def
+ newpath
+ 0 0 moveto
+ rr 0 lineto
+ /lsize rr nlogs div def
+ 0 1 nlogs { /x2 ed
+ x2 offset ge {
+ /y2 x2 offset sub lsize mul def
+ y2 rr le {
+ y2 0 moveto
+ y2 hashsize 1.2 mul lineto
+ } if
+ } if
+ } for
+ stroke
+ width 0.6 mul setlinewidth
+ newpath
+ 0 1 nlogs { /x2 ed
+ 2 1 9 {
+ ln 10 ln div x2 add
+ /xx2 ed
+ xx2 offset ge {
+ /y2 xx2 offset sub lsize mul def
+ y2 rr le {
+ y2 0 moveto
+ y2 hashsize 0.8 mul lineto
+ } if
+ } if
+ } for
+ } for
+ stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+%
+\special{! /linaxis{
+%
+% x1,y1,x2,y2,num_decs,per_dec,hashsize,offset,width,scale
+%
+ gsw /offset ed /hashsize ed /perdec ed /numdec ed p2 p1
+ x1 y1 translate
+ /y2 y2 y1 sub def /x2 x2 x1 sub def
+ y2 x2 atan rotate
+ /rr x2 dup mul y2 dup mul add sqrt def
+ newpath
+ 0 0 moveto
+ rr 0 lineto
+ /x1 rr numdec perdec mul div def
+ /y1 rr numdec div def
+ /offset offset x1 mul def
+ 0 1 numdec { y1 mul offset sub
+ dup 0 ge {
+ dup rr le {
+ dup 0 moveto
+ hashsize 1.2 mul lineto
+ } if
+ } if
+ } for
+ stroke
+ width 0.6 mul setlinewidth
+ newpath
+ offset cvi 1 numdec perdec mul offset add {
+ x1 mul offset sub
+ dup 0 ge {
+ dup rr le {
+ dup 0 moveto
+ hashsize 0.8 mul lineto
+ } if
+ } if
+ } for
+ stroke
+ grestore
+} def }
+%
+\def\axowidth{0.5 }
+\def\axoscale{1.0 }
+\def\axoxoff{0 }
+\def\axoyoff{0 }
+\def\axoxo{0 }
+\def\axoyo{0 }
+\def\firstcall{1}
+%
+\def\Gluon(#1,#2)(#3,#4)#5#6{
+%
+% Draws a gluon from (x1,y1) to (x2,y2) with amplitude and number of windings
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axoxo add #4 \axoyo add #5 #6 \axowidth \axoscale gluon showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\Photon(#1,#2)(#3,#4)#5#6{
+%
+% Draws a photon from (x1,y1) to (x2,y2) with amplitude and number of windings
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axoxo add #4 \axoyo add #5 #6 \axowidth \axoscale photon showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\ZigZag(#1,#2)(#3,#4)#5#6{
+%
+% Draws a zigzag from (x1,y1) to (x2,y2) with amplitude and number of zigzags
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axoxo add #4 \axoyo add #5 #6 \axowidth \axoscale zigzag showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\PhotonArc(#1,#2)(#3,#4,#5)#6#7{
+%
+% Draws a photon on an arc segment. The center of the curve is at (1,2)
+% The radius, start angle and target angle are (#3,#4,#5), 6 is the
+% amplitude of the gluon, and 7 is the number of wiggles.
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ #4 #5 #6 #7 \axowidth \axoscale photonarc showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\GlueArc(#1,#2)(#3,#4,#5)#6#7{
+%
+% Draws a gluon on aa arc segment. The center of the curve is at (1,2)
+% The radius, start angle and target angle are (#3,#4,#5), 6 is the
+% amplitude of the gluon, and 7 is the number of windings.
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ #4 #5 #6 #7 \axowidth \axoscale gluearc showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\ArrowArc(#1,#2)(#3,#4,#5){
+%
+% Draws an arc segment with an arrow in it. The center of the curve
+% is at (1,2).
+% The radius, start angle and target angle are (#3,#4,#5).
+% The arc segment runs anticlockwise
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ #4 #5 \axowidth \axoscale arrowarc showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\LongArrowArc(#1,#2)(#3,#4,#5){
+%
+% Draws an arc segment with an arrow at its end. The center of the curve
+% is at (1,2).
+% The radius, start angle and target angle are (#3,#4,#5).
+% The arc segment runs anticlockwise
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ #4 #5 \axowidth \axoscale longarrowarc showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\DashArrowArc(#1,#2)(#3,#4,#5)#6{
+%
+% Draws a dashed arc segment with an arrow in it. The center of the curve
+% is at (1,2).
+% The radius, start angle and target angle are (#3,#4,#5).
+% The arc segment runs anticlockwise
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ #4 #5 #6 \axowidth \axoscale dasharrowarc showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\ArrowArcn(#1,#2)(#3,#4,#5){
+%
+% Draws an arc segment with an arrow in it. The center of the curve
+% is at (1,2).
+% The radius, start angle and target angle are (#3,#4,#5).
+% The arc segment runs clockwise
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ #4 #5 \axowidth \axoscale arrowarcn showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\LongArrowArcn(#1,#2)(#3,#4,#5){
+%
+% Draws an arc segment with an arrow at the end. The center of the curve
+% is at (1,2).
+% The radius, start angle and target angle are (#3,#4,#5).
+% The arc segment runs clockwise
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ #4 #5 \axowidth \axoscale longarrowarcn showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\DashArrowArcn(#1,#2)(#3,#4,#5)#6{
+%
+% Draws a dashed arc segment with an arrow in it. The center of the curve
+% is at (1,2).
+% The radius, start angle and target angle are (#3,#4,#5).
+% The arc segment runs clockwise
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ #4 #5 #6 \axowidth \axoscale dasharrowarcn showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\ArrowLine(#1,#2)(#3,#4){
+%
+% Draws a line with an arrow in it from (x1,y1) to (x2,y2)
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axoxo add #4 \axoyo add \axowidth \axoscale arrowline showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\LongArrow(#1,#2)(#3,#4){
+%
+% Draws a line with an arrow at the end from (x1,y1) to (x2,y2)
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axoxo add #4 \axoyo add \axowidth \axoscale longarrow showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\DashArrowLine(#1,#2)(#3,#4)#5{
+%
+% Draws a dashed line with an arrow in it from (x1,y1) to (x2,y2)
+% The size of the dashes is given by the fifth argument.
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axoxo add #4 \axoyo add #5 \axowidth \axoscale dasharrowline showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\Line(#1,#2)(#3,#4){
+%
+% Draws a line from (x1,y1) to (x2,y2)
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axoxo add #4 \axoyo add \axowidth \axoscale line showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\DashLine(#1,#2)(#3,#4)#5{
+%
+% Draws a line from (x1,y1) to (x2,y2) with a dash pattern of which the
+% alternating black and white pieces are approximately {5} points long
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axoxo add #4 \axoyo add #5 \axowidth \axoscale dashline showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\CArc(#1,#2)(#3,#4,#5){
+%
+% Draws an arc segment. The center of the curve
+% is at (1,2).
+% The radius, start angle and target angle are (#3,#4,#5).
+% The arc segment runs anticlockwise
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ #4 #5 \axowidth \axoscale carc showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\DashCArc(#1,#2)(#3,#4,#5)#6{
+%
+% Draws a dashed arc segment. The center of the curve
+% is at (1,2).
+% The radius, start angle and target angle are (#3,#4,#5).
+% The arc segment runs anticlockwise
+% dsize (6) is the dashsize. this is rounded to make things come
+% out right.
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ #4 #5 #6 \axowidth \axoscale dashcarc showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\Vertex(#1,#2)#3{
+%
+% Draws a fat dot at (1,2). The radius of the dot is given by 3.
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axoscale vertex showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\Text(#1,#2)[#3]#4{
+%
+% Draws text at (1,2). Argument 3 is l,r or c indicating whether
+% the text is left adjusted, right adjusted or centered.
+% 4 is of course the text.
+%
+\dimen0=\axoxoff \unitlength
+\dimen1=\axoyoff \unitlength
+\advance\dimen0 by #1 \unitlength
+\advance\dimen1 by #2 \unitlength
+\makeatletter
+\@killglue\raise\dimen1\hbox to\z@{\kern\dimen0 \makebox(0,0)[#3]{#4}\hss}
+\ignorespaces
+\makeatother
+}
+%
+\def\BCirc(#1,#2)#3{
+%
+% Draws a circle at (1,2) and radius 3 that is blanked out.
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axowidth \axoscale bcirc showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\GCirc(#1,#2)#3#4{
+%
+% Draws a circle at (1,2) and radius 3 that is blanked out.
+% Then it fills the circle with a gray scale 4 (0 = black, 1 is white)
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"#1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ #4 \axowidth \axoscale gcirc showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\CCirc(#1,#2)#3#4#5{
+%
+% Draws a circle at (1,2) and radius 3 that is blanked out.
+% #4 is the color of the circle, #5 the color of the contents
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"#5 #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axowidth \axoscale ccirc1 showpage}}
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"#4 #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axowidth \axoscale ccirc2 showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\EBox(#1,#2)(#3,#4){
+%
+% Draws a box with the left bottom at (x1,y1) and the right top
+% at (x2,y2).
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axoxo add #4 \axoyo add \axowidth \axoscale box showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\BBox(#1,#2)(#3,#4){
+%
+% Draws a box with the left bottom at (x1,y1) and the right top
+% at (x2,y2). The box is blanked out.
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axoxo add #4 \axoyo add \axowidth \axoscale bbox showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\GBox(#1,#2)(#3,#4)#5{
+%
+% Draws a box with the left bottom at (x1,y1) and the right top
+% at (x2,y2). The box is blanked out and then filled with gray 5
+% (0 is black, 1 is white)
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"#1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axoxo add #4 \axoyo add #5 \axowidth \axoscale gbox showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\CBox(#1,#2)(#3,#4)#5#6{
+%
+% Draws a box with the left bottom at (x1,y1) and the right top
+% at (x2,y2). The color of the box is #5, the background is #6
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"#6 #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axoxo add #4 \axoyo add \axowidth \axoscale cbox1 showpage}}
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"#5 #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axoxo add #4 \axoyo add \axowidth \axoscale cbox2 showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\Boxc(#1,#2)(#3,#4){
+%
+% Draws a box with the center at (x1,y1).
+% The width and height are (3,4).
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #3 2 div sub #2 \axoyo add
+ #4 2 div sub #1 \axoxo add #3 2 div add #2 \axoyo add #4 2 div add
+ \axowidth \axoscale box showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\BBoxc(#1,#2)(#3,#4){
+%
+% Draws a box with the center at (x1,y1).
+% The width and height are (3,4). The contents are blanked out
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #3 2 div sub #2 \axoyo add
+ #4 2 div sub #1 \axoxo add #3 2 div add #2 \axoyo add #4 2 div add
+ \axowidth \axoscale bbox showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\GBoxc(#1,#2)(#3,#4)#5{
+%
+% Draws a box with the center at (x1,y1).
+% The width and height are (3,4). The contents are blanked out
+% Then the contents are filled with gray 5 (0 is black, 1 is white)
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"#1 \axoxo add #3 2 div sub #2 \axoyo add
+ #4 2 div sub #1 \axoxo add #3 2 div add #2 \axoyo add #4 2 div add
+ #5 \axowidth \axoscale gbox showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\CBoxc(#1,#2)(#3,#4)#5#6{
+%
+% Draws a box with the center at (x1,y1).
+% The width and height are (3,4). The contents are blanked out
+% The color of the box is #5, the background is #6
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"#6 #1 \axoxo add #3 2 div sub #2 \axoyo add
+ #4 2 div sub #1 \axoxo add #3 2 div add #2 \axoyo add #4 2 div add
+ \axowidth \axoscale cbox1 showpage}}
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"#5 #1 \axoxo add #3 2 div sub #2 \axoyo add
+ #4 2 div sub #1 \axoxo add #3 2 div add #2 \axoyo add #4 2 div add
+ \axowidth \axoscale cbox2 showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\SetWidth#1{\def\axowidth{#1 }}
+\def\SetScale#1{\def\axoscale{#1 }}
+\def\SetOffset(#1,#2){\def\axoxoff{#1 } \def\axoyoff{#2 }}
+\def\SetScaledOffset(#1,#2){\def\axoxo{#1 } \def\axoyo{#2 }}
+%
+\def\pfont{Times-Roman }
+\def\fsize{10 }
+%
+\def\SetPFont#1#2{\def\pfont{#1 } \def\fsize{#2 }}
+%
+% Now some definitions to sort out the lt etc type of options in PText
+%
+\makeatletter
+\def\fmode{4 }
+\def\@l@{l} \def\@r@{r} \def\@t@{t} \def\@b@{b}
+\def\mymodetest#1{\ifx#1\end \let\next=\relax \else {
+\if#1\@r@\global\def\fmodeh{1 }\fi
+\if#1\@l@\global\def\fmodeh{-1 }\fi
+\if#1\@b@\global\def\fmodev{3 }\fi
+\if#1\@t@\global\def\fmodev{-3 }\fi
+} \let\next=\mymodetest\fi \next}
+\makeatother
+%
+\def\PText(#1,#2)(#3)[#4]#5{
+%
+% Draws a postscript text in a postscript font.
+% Focal point is (1,2), rotation angle is 3, 4 is the mode (as in text)
+% and 5 is the text.
+%
+\def\fmodev{0 }
+\def\fmodeh{0 }
+\mymodetest#4\end
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\makebox(0,0)[]{\special{"/\pfont findfont \fsize
+ scalefont setfont \axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+\fmode \fmodev add \fmodeh add \fsize (#5) \axoscale ptext }}}
+}
+%
+\def\GOval(#1,#2)(#3,#4)(#5)#6{
+%
+% Draws a colored oval that overwrites whatever was there.
+% Oval(x_center,y_center)(height,width)(rotation)(color)
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"#1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3 #4 #5 #6
+\axowidth \axoscale goval showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\COval(#1,#2)(#3,#4)(#5)#6#7{
+%
+% Draws a colored oval that overwrites whatever was there.
+% Oval(x_center,y_center)(height,width)(rotation){color1}{color2}
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"#7 #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3 #4 #5
+\axowidth \axoscale coval1 showpage}}
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"#6 #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3 #4 #5
+\axowidth \axoscale coval2 showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\Oval(#1,#2)(#3,#4)(#5){
+%
+% Draws an oval that does not overwrite whatever was there.
+% Oval(x_center,y_center)(height,width)(rotation)
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3 #4 #5
+\axowidth \axoscale oval showpage}}
+}
+%
+\let\eind=]
+\def\DashCurve#1#2{\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor [ \kromme#1] #2
+\axowidth \axoscale makedashcurve showpage}}}
+\def\Curve#1{\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor [ \kromme#1] \axowidth
+\axoscale makecurve showpage}}}
+\def\kromme(#1,#2)#3{#1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add \ifx #3\eind\else
+\expandafter\kromme\fi#3}
+%
+\def\LogAxis(#1,#2)(#3,#4)(#5,#6,#7,#8){
+%
+% Draws a line with logarithmic hash marks along it.
+% LogAxis(x1,y1)(x2,y2)(num_logs,hashsize,offset,width)
+% The line is from (x1,y1) to (x2,y2) and the marks are on the left side
+% when hashsize is positive, and right when it is negative.
+% num_logs is the number of orders of magnitude and offset is the number
+% at which one starts at (x1,y1) (like if offset=2 we start at 2)
+% When offset is 0 we start at 1. Width is the linewidth.
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axoxo add #4 \axoyo add #5 #6 #7 #8 \axoscale logaxis showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\LinAxis(#1,#2)(#3,#4)(#5,#6,#7,#8,#9){
+%
+% Draws a line with linear hash marks along it.
+% LinAxis(x1,y1)(x2,y2)(num_decs,per_dec,hashsize,offset,width)
+% The line is from (x1,y1) to (x2,y2) and the marks are on the left side
+% when hashsize is positive, and right when it is negative.
+% num_decs is the number of accented marks, per_dec the number of
+% divisions between them and offset is the number
+% at which one starts at (x1,y1) (like if offset=2 we start at the second
+% small mark) Width is the linewidth.
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"\axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3
+ \axoxo add #4 \axoyo add #5 #6 #7 #8 #9 \axoscale linaxis showpage}}
+}
+%
+\input rotate.tex
+\makeatletter
+%
+\def\rText(#1,#2)[#3][#4]#5{
+%
+% Draws rotated text at (1,2). Argument 3 is l,r or c indicating whether
+% the text is left adjusted, right adjusted or centered.
+% 4 is the rotation angle and 5 is of course the text.
+%
+\ifnum\firstcall=1\global\def\firstcall{0}\rText(-10000,#2)[#3][]{#5}\fi
+\dimen2=\axoxoff \unitlength
+\dimen3=\axoyoff \unitlength
+\advance\dimen2 by #1 \unitlength
+\advance\dimen3 by #2 \unitlength
+\@killglue\raise\dimen3\hbox to \z@{\kern\dimen2
+\makebox(0,0)[#3]{
+\ifx#4l{\setbox3=\hbox{#5}\rotl{3}}\else{
+\ifx#4r{\setbox3=\hbox{#5}\rotr{3}}\else{
+\ifx#4u{\setbox3=\hbox{#5}\rotu{3}}\else{#5}\fi}\fi}\fi}\hss}
+\ignorespaces
+}
+\makeatother
+%
+\def\BText(#1,#2)#3{
+%
+% Draws a box with the center at (x1,y1) and postscript text in it.
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"/\pfont findfont \fsize
+ scalefont setfont \axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add (#3)
+ \fsize \axowidth \axoscale btext showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\GText(#1,#2)#3#4{
+%
+% Draws a box with the center at (x1,y1) and postscript(#4) text in it.
+% The grayness of the box is given by #3
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"/\pfont findfont \fsize
+ scalefont setfont #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3 (#4)
+ \fsize \axowidth \axoscale gtext showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\CText(#1,#2)#3#4#5{
+%
+% Draws a box with the center at (x1,y1) and postscript(#5) text in it.
+% The color of box and text is in #3
+% The color of the background is in #4
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"/\pfont findfont \fsize
+ scalefont setfont #4 #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add (#5)
+ \fsize \axowidth \axoscale ctext1 showpage}}
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"/\pfont findfont \fsize
+ scalefont setfont #3 #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add (#5)
+ \fsize \axowidth \axoscale ctext2 showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\B2Text(#1,#2)#3#4{
+%
+% Draws a box with the center at (x1,y1) and two lines of postscript
+% text in it.
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"/\pfont findfont \fsize
+ scalefont setfont \axocolor #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add (#3) (#4)
+ \fsize \axowidth \axoscale b2text showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\G2Text(#1,#2)#3#4#5{
+%
+% Draws a box with the center at (x1,y1) and two lines of postscript
+% text (#4 and #5) in it.
+% The grayness of the box is given by #3
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"/\pfont findfont \fsize
+ scalefont setfont #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add #3 (#4) (#5)
+ \fsize \axowidth \axoscale g2text showpage}}
+}
+%
+\def\C2Text(#1,#2)#3#4#5#6{
+%
+% Draws a box with the center at (x1,y1) and two lines of postscript
+% text (#5 and #6) in it.
+% The color of the box and the text is given by #3
+% The background color is given by #4
+%
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"/\pfont findfont \fsize
+ scalefont setfont #4 #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add (#5) (#6)
+ \fsize \axowidth \axoscale c2text1 showpage}}
+\put(\axoxoff,\axoyoff){\special{"/\pfont findfont \fsize
+ scalefont setfont #3 #1 \axoxo add #2 \axoyo add (#5) (#6)
+ \fsize \axowidth \axoscale c2text2 showpage}}
+}
diff --git a/graphics/axodraw/axodraw.tex b/graphics/axodraw/axodraw.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f817244397
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/axodraw/axodraw.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,960 @@
+\documentstyle[11pt,a4,axodraw]{article}
+
+\def\KeyWord#1{$\backslash$\IfColor{$\!\!$\textRed{#1}\textBlack}{#1}$\!\!$}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\begin{center}
+{\Huge \IfColor{\textRed{A}\textOrange{X}\textYellow{O}\textGreen
+{D}\textBlue{R}\textRoyalPurple{A}\textViolet{W}\textBlack$\!\!\!$}{AXODRAW}} \\
+\vspace{3cm}
+{\LARGE J.A.M.Vermaseren} \\
+\vspace{4mm}
+NIKHEF-H \\ P.O. Box 41882 \\ 1009 DB Amsterdam \\ \vspace{5mm}
+\end{center}
+
+\vspace{5cm}
+
+\begin{abstract}
+Axodraw is a set of drawing primitives for use in \LaTeX. These can be used
+for the drawing of Feynman diagrams, flow charts and simple graphics.
+Because it uses postscript for its drawing commands it works only in
+combination with the dvips of Radical Eye Software which is presently the
+most popular dvips program. More will be added in the future. It allows
+whole articles including their pictures to be contained in a single file,
+thereby making it easier to exchange the article file by e-mail. The
+current version\footnote{An earlier version of Axodraw was published
+in Comp. Phys. Comm. 83 (1994) 45.} supports color according to the scheme
+implemented in the file colordvi.sty which comes with most \TeX{}
+distributions.
+\end{abstract}
+
+\newpage
+
+\section{Using Axodraw}
+
+The file axodraw.sty is a style file for \LaTeX{}. It should be included
+in the documentstyle statement at the beginning of the
+document. An example would be: \IfColor{\textBlue}{}
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentstyle[a4,11pt,axodraw]{article}
+\end{verbatim}
+\IfColor{\textBlack}{}
+Because axodraw.sty reads also the epsf.sty file that comes with many
+implementations of \TeX{} and in particular those that rely on the dvips
+program by Radical Eye Software for the printing, this file should be
+present in the system. If this file is not available one should obtain it
+from another system. The file colordvi.sty is also read, but if it is not
+present there will be no error. The user should just not use color in that
+case. The author feels in no way responsible for the problems that may
+occur when a different dvi-to-postscript program is used.
+
+The drawing is actually done in postscript. Because the above mentioned
+dvi-to-postscript converter allows the inclusion of postscript code the
+graphics primitives have been included in the file axodraw.sty in terms
+of postscript. If another postscript converter is used, one may have to
+adapt the syntax of the inclusion of this code to the local system.
+
+The commands of Axodraw should be executed inside either the picture or the
+figure environment. Inside this environment it is possible to place objects
+at arbitrary positions and put text between them. In principle one could
+try to draw objects with the facilities of \LaTeX{} itself, but it turns
+out that the commands in the picture environment are not very powerful.
+Axodraw gives good extensions of them. An example would be
+\IfColor{\textBlue}{}
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \begin{center} \begin{picture}(300,100)(0,0)
+ \SetColor{Red}
+ \GlueArc(150,50)(40,0,180){5}{8}
+ \SetColor{Green}
+ \GlueArc(150,50)(40,180,360){5}{8}
+ \SetColor{Blue}
+ \Gluon(50,50)(110,50){5}{4} \Vertex(110,50){2}
+ \Gluon(190,50)(250,50){5}{4} \Vertex(190,50){2}
+ \end{picture} \\ {\sl A gluon loop diagram} \end{center}
+\end{verbatim}
+\IfColor{\textBlack}{}
+This code would result in:
+\begin{center} \begin{picture}(300,100)(0,0)
+\SetColor{Red}
+\GlueArc(150,50)(40,0,180){5}{8}
+\SetColor{Green}
+\GlueArc(150,50)(40,180,360){5}{8}
+\SetColor{Blue}
+\Gluon(50,50)(110,50){5}{4} \Vertex(110,50){2}
+\Gluon(190,50)(250,50){5}{4} \Vertex(190,50){2}
+\end{picture} \\ {\sl A gluon loop diagram} \end{center}
+The syntax and the meaning of these command are explained in the next
+section. One should note that all coordinates are presented in units of
+1 point. There are 72 points in an inch. It is possible to use scale
+transformations if these units are not convenient.
+
+Currently the primitives are mainly useful for the drawing of Feynman
+diagrams and the drawing of flowcharts. This means that the commands were
+designed to draw a number of these graphs. Of course many more things can
+be drawn with them, like scatter plots, histograms etc.
+
+The current manual uses only those color commands that are safe on systems
+that do not have the required colordvi.sty file. It should however be clear
+from the examples how to use the other features. To allow the creation of
+complicated color commands that will work also in the absence of the
+colordvi.sty file there is a macro IfColor which is described below with
+the other commands.
+
+\section{The commands}
+
+The commands that are currently available in Axodraw are (in alphabetic
+order):
+\begin{itemize}
+\item \KeyWord{ArrowArc}(x,y)(r,$\phi_1$,$\phi_2$) \hfill \\
+ Draws an arc segment centered around (x,y). The radius is r. The
+ arc-segment runs counterclockwise from $\phi_1$ to $\phi_2$. All
+ angles are given in degrees. In the middle of the segment there will
+ be an arrow.
+\item \KeyWord{ArrowArcn}(x,y)(radius,$\phi_1$,$\phi_2$) \hfill \\
+ Draws an arc segment centered around (x,y). The radius is r. The
+ arc-segment runs clockwise from $\phi_1$ to $\phi_2$. All
+ angles are given in degrees. In the middle of the segment there will
+ be an arrow.
+\item \KeyWord{ArrowLine}($x_1$,$y_1$)($x_2$,$y_2$) \hfill \\
+ Draws a line from ($x_1$,$y_1$) to ($x_2$,$y_2$). There will be an
+ arrow in the middle of the line.
+\item \KeyWord{BBox}($x_1$,$y_1$)($x_2$,$y_2$) \hfill \\
+ Draws a box of which the contents are blanked out. This means that
+ anything that was present at the position of the box will be
+ overwritten. The lower left corner of the box is at ($x_1$,$y_1$) and
+ ($x_2$,$y_2$) is the upper right corner of the box.
+\item \KeyWord{BBoxc}(x,y)(width,height) \hfill \\
+ Draws a box of which the contents are blanked out. This means that
+ anything that was present at the position of the box will be
+ overwritten. The center of the box is at (x,y). Width and height refer
+ to the full width and the full height of the box.
+\item \KeyWord{BCirc}(x,y)\{r\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a circle of which the contents are blanked out. This means that
+ anything that was present at the position of the circle will be
+ overwritten. The center of the circle is at (x,y). r is its radius.
+\item \KeyWord{Boxc}(x,y)(width,height) \hfill \\
+ Draws a box. The center of the box is at (x,y). Width and height refer
+ to the full width and the full height of the box.
+\item \KeyWord{BText}(x,y)\{text\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a box with one line of centered postscript text in it. The box is
+ just big enough to fit around the text. The coordinates refer to the
+ center of the box. The box is like a BBox in that it blanks out
+ whatever was at the position of the box.
+\item \KeyWord{B2Text}(x,y)\{text1\}\{text2\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a box with two lines of centered postscript text in it. The box is
+ just big enough to fit around the text. The coordinates refer to the
+ center of the box. The box is like a BBox in that it blanks out
+ whatever was at the position of the box.
+\item \KeyWord{CArc}(x,y)(radius,$\phi_1$,$\phi_2$) \hfill \\
+ Draws an arc segment centered around (x,y). The radius is r. The
+ arc-segment runs counterclockwise from $\phi_1$ to $\phi_2$. All
+ angles are given in degrees.
+\item \KeyWord{CBox}($x_1$,$y_1$)($x_2$,$y_2$)\{color1\}\{color2\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a box. The lower left corner of the box is at ($x_1$,$y_1$) and
+ ($x_2$,$y_2$) is the upper right corner of the box. The contents of
+ the box are lost. The color of the box will be color1 and the color of
+ the background inside the box will be color2.
+\item \KeyWord{CBoxc}(x,y)(width,height)\{color1\}\{color2\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a box of which the contents are blanked out. This means that
+ anything that was present at the position of the box will be
+ overwritten. The center of the box is at (x,y). Width and height refer
+ to the full width and the full height of the box. The color of the box
+ will be color1 and the color of the background inside the box will be
+ color2.
+\item \KeyWord{CCirc}(x,y)\{radius\}\{color1\}\{color2\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a circle around (x,y) with radius r. The contents of
+ the circle are lost. The color of the box will be color1 and the color
+ of the background inside the box will be color2.
+\item \KeyWord{COval}(x,y)(h,w)($\phi$)\{color1\}\{color2\} \hfill \\
+ Draws an oval with an internal color indicated by color2. The oval
+ itself has the color color1. The center of the oval
+ is given by (x,y). Its height is h, and the width is w. In addition
+ the oval can be rotated counterclockwise over $\phi$ degrees. The
+ oval overwrites anything that used to be in its position.
+\item \KeyWord{CText}(x,y)\{color1\}\{color2\}\{text\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a box with one line of centered postscript text in it. The
+ box is just big enough to fit around the text. The coordinates refer to
+ the center of the box. The box is like a CBox in that it blanks out
+ whatever was at the position of the box. The color of the box and the
+ text inside is color1 and the background inside has the color color2.
+\item \KeyWord{C2Text}(x,y)\{color1\}\{color2\}\{text1\}\{text2\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a box with two lines of centered postscript text in it.
+ The box is just big enough to fit around the text. The coordinates
+ refer to the center of the box. The box is like a CBox in that it blanks
+ out whatever was at the position of the box. The color of the box and the
+ text inside is color1 and the background inside has the color color2.
+\item \KeyWord{Curve}\{$(x_1,y_1)(x_2,y_2)\cdots(x_n,y_n)$\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a curve through the given points. The x-values are supposed to
+ be in ascending order. The curve is a combination of quadratic and
+ third order segments and is continuous in its first and second derivatives.
+\item \KeyWord{DashArrowArc}(x,y)(r,$\phi_1$,$\phi_2$)\{dashsize\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a dashed arc segment centered around (x,y). The radius is r. The
+ arc-segment runs counterclockwise from $\phi_1$ to $\phi_2$. All
+ angles are given in degrees. In the middle of the segment there will
+ be an arrow. The size of the dashes is approximately equal to
+ `dashsize'.
+\item \KeyWord{DashArrowArcn}(x,y)(radius,$\phi_1$,$\phi_2$)\{dashsize\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a dashed arc segment centered around (x,y). The radius is r. The
+ arc-segment runs clockwise from $\phi_1$ to $\phi_2$. All
+ angles are given in degrees. In the middle of the segment there will
+ be an arrow. The size of the dashes is approximately equal to
+ `dashsize'.
+\item \KeyWord{DashArrowLine}($x_1$,$y_1$)($x_2$,$y_2$)\{dashsize\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a line from ($x_1$,$y_1$) to ($x_2$,$y_2$) with a dashed
+ pattern. The size of the black parts of the pattern is given by
+ `dashsize'. The alternating pieces have equal length. The size of
+ the pattern is adjusted so that both the begin and the end are
+ black. Halfway the line there is an arrow.
+\item \KeyWord{DashCArc}(x,y)(radius,$\phi_1$,$\phi_2$)\{dashsize\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a dashed arc segment centered around (x,y). The radius is r. The
+ arc-segment runs counterclockwise from $\phi_1$ to $\phi_2$. All
+ angles are given in degrees. The size of the dashes is determined by
+ `dashsize'. This size is adjusted somewhat to make the result look
+ nice.
+\item \KeyWord{DashCurve}\{$(x_1,y_1)(x_2,y_2)\cdots(x_n,y_n)$\}\{
+ dashsize\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a dashed curve through the given points. The x-values are
+ supposed to be in ascending order. The curve is a combination of
+ quadratic and third order segments. The size of the black parts and
+ the white parts will be approximately `dashsize' each. Some
+ adjustment takes place to make the pattern come out right at the
+ endpoints.
+\item \KeyWord{DashLine}($x_1$,$y_1$)($x_2$,$y_2$)\{dashsize\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a line from ($x_1$,$y_1$) to ($x_2$,$y_2$) with a dashed
+ pattern. The size of the black parts of the pattern is given by
+ `dashsize'. The alternating pieces have equal length. The size of
+ the pattern is adjusted so that both the begin and the end are
+ black.
+\item \KeyWord{EBox}($x_1$,$y_1$)($x_2$,$y_2$) \hfill \\
+ Draws a box. The lower left corner of the box is at ($x_1$,$y_1$) and
+ ($x_2$,$y_2$) is the upper right corner of the box.
+\item \KeyWord{IfColor}\{arg1\}\{arg2\} \hfill \\
+ If the file colordvi.sty is present the first argument will be
+ executed. If this file is not present the second argument will be
+ executed. For examples, see some of the figures. This command can also
+ be used in the regular text of the \LaTeX{} file.
+\item \KeyWord{GBox}($x_1$,$y_1$)($x_2$,$y_2$)\{grayscale\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a box. The lower left corner of the box is at ($x_1$,$y_1$) and
+ ($x_2$,$y_2$) is the upper right corner of the box. The contents of
+ the box are lost. They are overwritten with a color gray that is
+ indicated by the parameter `grayscale'. This parameter can have
+ values ranging from 0 (black) to 1 (white).
+\item \KeyWord{GBoxc}(x,y)(width,height)\{grayscale\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a box. The center of the box is at (x,y). Width and height refer
+ to the full width and the full height of the box. The contents of
+ the box are lost. They are overwritten with a color gray that is
+ indicated by the parameter `grayscale'. This parameter can have
+ values ranging from 0 (black) to 1 (white).
+\item \KeyWord{GCirc}(x,y)\{radius\}\{grayscale\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a circle around (x,y) with radius r. The contents of
+ the circle are lost. They are overwritten with a color gray that is
+ indicated by the parameter `grayscale'. This parameter can have
+ values ranging from 0 (black) to 1 (white).
+\item \KeyWord{GlueArc}(x,y)(r,$\phi_1$,$\phi_2$)\{amplitude\}\{windings\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a gluon on an arc-segment. The center of the arc is (x,y) and r
+ is its radius. The arc segment runs counterclockwise from $\phi_1$
+ to $\phi_2$. The width of the gluon is twice `amplitude', and the
+ number of windings is given by the last parameter. Note that whether
+ the curls are inside or outside can be influenced with the sign of
+ the amplitude. When it is positive the curls are on the inside.
+\item \KeyWord{Gluon}($x_1$,$y_1$)($x_2$,$y_2$)\{amplitude\}\{windings\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a gluon from ($x_1$,$y_1$) to ($x_2$,$y_2$). The width of the
+ gluon will be twice the value of `amplitude'. The number of windings
+ is given by the last parameter. If this parameter is not an integer
+ it will be rounded to an integer value. The side at which the
+ windings lie is determined by the order of the two coordinates. Also
+ a negative amplitude can change this side.
+\item \KeyWord{GOval}(x,y)(h,w)($\phi$)\{grayscale\} Draws an oval with
+ an internal color indicated by grayscale. This parameter can have
+ values ranging from 0 (black) to 1 (white). The center of the oval
+ is given by (x,y). Its height is h, and the width is w. In addition
+ the oval can be rotated counterclockwise over $\phi$ degrees. The
+ oval overwrites anything that used to be in its position.
+\item \KeyWord{GText}(x,y)\{grayscale\}\{text\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a gray box with one line of centered postscript text in it. The
+ box is just big enough to fit around the text. The coordinates refer to
+ the center of the box. The box is like a BBox in that it blanks out
+ whatever was at the position of the box.
+\item \KeyWord{G2Text}(x,y)\{grayscale\}\{text1\}\{text2\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a gray box with two lines of centered postscript text in it.
+ The box is just big enough to fit around the text. The coordinates
+ refer to the center of the box. The box is like a BBox in that it
+ blanks out whatever was at the position of the box.
+\item \KeyWord{LinAxis}($x_1$,$y_1$)($x_2$,$y_2$)($N_D$,$d$,hashsize
+ ,offset,width) \hfill \\
+ This draws a line to be used as an axis in a graph. Along the axis
+ are hash marks. Going from the first coordinate to the second, the
+ hash marks are on the left side if `hashsize', which is the size of the
+ hash marks, is positive and on the right side if it is negative.
+ $N_D$ is the number of `decades', indicated by fat hash marks, and
+ $d$ is the number of subdivisions inside each decade. The offset
+ parameter tells to which subdivision the first coordinate
+ corresponds. When it is zero, this coordinate corresponds to a fat
+ mark of a decade. Because axes have their own width, this is
+ indicated with the last parameter.
+\item \KeyWord{Line}($x_1$,$y_1$)($x_2$,$y_2$) \hfill \\
+ Draws a line from ($x_1$,$y_1$) to ($x_2$,$y_2$).
+\item \KeyWord{LogAxis}($x_1$,$y_1$)($x_2$,$y_2$)($N_L$,hashsize
+ ,offset,width) \hfill \\
+ This draws a line to be used as an axis in a graph. Along the axis
+ are hash marks. Going from the first coordinate to the second, the
+ hash marks are on the left side if `hashsize', which is the size of the
+ hash marks, is positive and on the right side if it is negative.
+ $N_L$ is the number of orders of magnitude, indicated by fat
+ hash marks. The offset parameter tells to which integer subdivision
+ the first coordinate corresponds. When it is zero, this coordinate
+ corresponds to a fat mark, which is identical to when the value
+ would have been 1. Because axes have their own width, this is
+ indicated with the last parameter.
+\item \KeyWord{LongArrow}($x_1$,$y_1$)($x_2$,$y_2$) \hfill \\
+ Draws a line from ($x_1$,$y_1$) to ($x_2$,$y_2$). There will be an
+ arrow at the end of the line.
+\item \KeyWord{LongArrowArc}(x,y)(r,$\phi_1$,$\phi_2$) \hfill \\
+ Draws an arc segment centered around (x,y). The radius is r. The
+ arc-segment runs counterclockwise from $\phi_1$ to $\phi_2$. All
+ angles are given in degrees. At the end of the segment there will
+ be an arrow.
+\item \KeyWord{LongArrowArcn}(x,y)(radius,$\phi_1$,$\phi_2$) \hfill \\
+ Draws an arc segment centered around (x,y). The radius is r. The
+ arc-segment runs clockwise from $\phi_1$ to $\phi_2$. All
+ angles are given in degrees. At the end of the segment there will
+ be an arrow.
+\item \KeyWord{Oval}(x,y)(h,w)($\phi$) Draws an oval.
+ The center of the oval
+ is given by (x,y). Its height is h, and the width is w. In addition
+ the oval can be rotated counterclockwise over $\phi$ degrees. The
+ oval does not overwrite its contents.
+\item \KeyWord{Photon}($x_1$,$y_1$)($x_2$,$y_2$)\{amplitude\}\{wiggles\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a photon from ($x_1$,$y_1$) to ($x_2$,$y_2$). The width of the
+ photon will be twice the value of `amplitude'. The number of wiggles
+ is given by the last parameter. If twice this parameter is not an integer
+ it will be rounded to an integer value. Whether the first wiggle
+ starts up or down can be influenced with the sign of the amplitude.
+\item \KeyWord{PhotonArc}(x,y)(r,$\phi_1$,$\phi_2$)\{amplitude\}\{wiggles\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a photon on an arc-segment. The center of the arc is (x,y) and r
+ is its radius. The arc segment runs counterclockwise from $\phi_1$
+ to $\phi_2$. The width of the photon is twice `amplitude', and the
+ number of wiggles is given by the last parameter. Note that
+ the sign of the amplitude influences whether the photon starts going
+ outside (positive) or starts going inside (negative). If one likes
+ the photon to reach both endpoints from the outside the number of
+ wiggles should be an integer plus 0.5.
+\item \KeyWord{PText}(x,y)($\phi$)$[$mode$]$\{text\} \hfill \\
+ Places a postscript text. The focal point is (x,y). The text is the last
+ parameter. The mode parameter tells how the text should be
+ positioned with respect to the focal point. If this parameter is
+ omitted the center of the text will correspond to the focal point.
+ Other options are: l for having the left side correspond to the
+ focal point, r for having the right side correspond to it, t for
+ having the top at the focal point and b for the bottom. One may
+ combine two letters as in $[$bl$]$, as long as it makes sense. The
+ parameter $\phi$ is a rotation angle. The text is written in the
+ current postscript font. This font can be set with the SetPFont
+ command.
+\item \KeyWord{rText}(x,y)$[$mode$][$rotation$]$\{text\} \hfill \\
+ Places a rotated text. The focal point is (x,y). The text is the last
+ parameter. If the rotation parameter is the character l the text
+ will be rotated left by 90 degrees, if it is an r it will be rotated
+ to the right by 90 degrees and when it is the character u the text
+ will be rotated by 180 degrees. When there is no character there is
+ no rotation and the command is identical to the Text command.
+ The mode parameter tells how the resulting box should be
+ positioned with respect to the focal point. If this parameter is
+ omitted the center of the box will correspond to the focal point.
+ Other options are: l for having the left side correspond to the
+ focal point, r for having the right side correspond to it, t for
+ having the top at the focal point and b for the bottom. One may
+ combine two letters as in $[$bl$]$, as long as it makes sense.
+\item \KeyWord{SetColor}\{NameOfColor\} \hfill \\
+ Sets the color for the next commands. This command onlt affects the
+ current picture. In addition it does not affect the text commands that
+ write in \TeX{} mode. Also the commands that draw gray boxes are not
+ affected. For influencing the color of the \TeX{} or \LaTeX{} output
+ one can use the commands mentioned in the colordvi.sty file.
+\item \KeyWord{SetPFont}\{fontname\}\{fontsize\} \hfill \\
+ Sets the postscript font to a given type and scale.
+\item \KeyWord{SetScale}\{scalevalue\} \hfill \\
+ Changes the scale of all graphics operations. Unfortunately it does
+ not change the scale of the text operations (yet?). A `scalevalue' of
+ 1 is the default. It is allowed to use floating point values.
+\item \KeyWord{SetOffset}(x\_offset,y\_offset) \hfill \\
+ Adds the offset values to all coordinates at the \TeX{} level. This
+ makes it easier to move figures around.
+\item \KeyWord{SetScaledOffset}(x\_offset,y\_offset) \hfill \\
+ Adds the offset values to all coordinates at the postscript level.
+ This is done after scaling has been applied. Hence one can work with
+ the scaled coordinates. This can be very handy when drawing curves.
+\item \KeyWord{SetWidth}\{widthvalue\} \hfill \\
+ Changes the linewidth in all graphics operations. It does
+ not change the linewidth of the text operations. That is a matter of
+ font selection. A `widthvalue' of
+ 0.5 is the default. It is allowed to use floating point values.
+\item \KeyWord{Text}(x,y)$[$mode$]$\{text\} \hfill \\
+ Places a text. The focal point is (x,y). The text is the last
+ parameter. The mode parameter tells how the text should be
+ positioned with respect to the focal point. If this parameter is
+ omitted the center of the text will correspond to the focal point.
+ Other options are: l for having the left side correspond to the
+ focal point, r for having the right side correspond to it, t for
+ having the top at the focal point and b for the bottom. One may
+ combine two letters as in $[$bl$]$, as long as it makes sense.
+\item \KeyWord{Vertex}(x,y)\{r\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a fat dot at (x,y). The radius of the dot is given by r.
+\item \KeyWord{ZigZag}($x_1$,$y_1$)($x_2$,$y_2$)\{amplitude\}\{wiggles\} \hfill \\
+ Draws a zigzag line from ($x_1$,$y_1$) to ($x_2$,$y_2$). The width of the
+ zigzagging will be twice the value of `amplitude'. The number of zigzags
+ is given by the last parameter. If twice this parameter is not an integer
+ it will be rounded to an integer value. Whether the first zigzag
+ starts up or down can be influenced with the sign of the amplitude.
+\end{itemize}
+
+A note about color. The names of the colors can be found in the local file
+colordvi.sty or colordvi.tex. This file gives also the commands that allow
+the user to change the color of the text.
+
+\section{Examples}
+
+Although the previous section contains all the commands and their proper
+syntax a few examples may be helpful.
+\subsection{Text modes}
+The meaning of the mode characters in the text commands can best be
+demonstrated. The statements
+\IfColor{\textBlue}{}
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \begin{center} \begin{picture}(300,100)(0,0)
+ \SetColor{BrickRed}
+ \CArc(50,75)(2,0,360) \Text(50,75)[lt]{left-top}
+ \CArc(50,50)(2,0,360) \Text(50,50)[l]{left-center}
+ \CArc(50,25)(2,0,360) \Text(50,25)[lb]{left-bottom}
+ \CArc(150,75)(2,0,360) \Text(150,75)[t]{center-top}
+ \CArc(150,50)(2,0,360) \Text(150,50)[]{center-center}
+ \CArc(150,25)(2,0,360) \Text(150,25)[b]{center-bottom}
+ \CArc(250,75)(2,0,360) \Text(250,75)[rt]{right-top}
+ \CArc(250,50)(2,0,360) \Text(250,50)[r]{right-center}
+ \CArc(250,25)(2,0,360) \Text(250,25)[rb]{right-bottom}
+ \end{picture} \end{center}
+\end{verbatim}
+\IfColor{\textBlack}{}
+produce 9 texts and for each the focal point is indicated by a little
+circle. It looks like
+\begin{center}
+\begin{picture}(300,100)(0,0)
+\SetColor{BrickRed}
+\CArc(50,75)(2,0,360) \Text(50,75)[lt]{left-top}
+\CArc(50,50)(2,0,360) \Text(50,50)[l]{left-center}
+\CArc(50,25)(2,0,360) \Text(50,25)[lb]{left-bottom}
+\CArc(150,75)(2,0,360) \Text(150,75)[t]{center-top}
+\CArc(150,50)(2,0,360) \Text(150,50)[]{center-center}
+\CArc(150,25)(2,0,360) \Text(150,25)[b]{center-bottom}
+\CArc(250,75)(2,0,360) \Text(250,75)[rt]{right-top}
+\CArc(250,50)(2,0,360) \Text(250,50)[r]{right-center}
+\CArc(250,25)(2,0,360) \Text(250,25)[rb]{right-bottom}
+\end{picture}
+\end{center}
+This illustrates exactly all the combinations of the mode characters and
+what their effects are. The commands $\backslash$Text and
+$\backslash$rText give a tex according to \LaTeX{}. This text is
+insensitive to the scaling commands, and the color of the text should be
+set with the regular color commands given in colordvi.sty. The text in the
+$\backslash$PText command (and the various boxes with text) is a postscript
+text. Such text is sensitive to the scaling commands and in addition the
+color is set with the $\backslash$SetColor command or in the command itself
+(in the case of the boxes). In the case of \LaTeX{} text
+it can of course contain different fonts,
+math mode and all those little things that are usually easier in
+\LaTeX{} than in postscript.
+
+\subsection{The windings of a gluon}
+
+Gluons are traditionally represented by a two dimensional projection of
+a helix. Actually close inspection of some pretty gluons reveals that
+it is usually not quite a helix. Hence the gluons in Axodraw are also
+not quite helices. In addition one may notice that the begin and end
+points deviate slightly from the regular windings. This makes it more in
+agreement with hand drawn gluons. When a gluon is drawn, one needs not
+only its begin and end points but there is an amplitude connected to
+this almost helix, and in addition there are windings. The number of
+windings is the number of curls that the gluon will have. Different
+people may prefer different densities of curls. This can effect the
+appearance considerably:
+\IfColor{\textBlue}{}
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \begin{center}
+ \begin{picture}(330,100)(0,0)
+ \SetColor{Red}
+ \Gluon(25,15)(25,95){5}{4} \Text(25,7)[]{4 windings}
+ \Gluon(95,15)(95,95){5}{5} \Text(95,7)[]{5 windings}
+ \Gluon(165,15)(165,95){5}{6} \Text(165,7)[]{6 windings}
+ \Gluon(235,15)(235,95){5}{7} \Text(235,7)[]{7 windings}
+ \Gluon(305,15)(305,95){5}{8} \Text(305,7)[]{8 windings}
+ \end{picture}
+ \end{center}
+\end{verbatim}
+\IfColor{\textBlack}{}
+This code results in:
+\begin{center}
+\begin{picture}(330,100)(0,0)
+\SetColor{Red}
+\Gluon(25,15)(25,95){5}{4} \Text(25,7)[]{4 windings}
+\Gluon(95,15)(95,95){5}{5} \Text(95,7)[]{5 windings}
+\Gluon(165,15)(165,95){5}{6} \Text(165,7)[]{6 windings}
+\Gluon(235,15)(235,95){5}{7} \Text(235,7)[]{7 windings}
+\Gluon(305,15)(305,95){5}{8} \Text(305,7)[]{8 windings}
+\end{picture}
+\end{center}
+The influence of the amplitude is also rather great. The user should
+experiment with it. There is however an aspect to the amplitude that
+should be discussed. For a straight gluon the amplitude can determine on
+which side the curls are. So does the direction of the gluon:
+\IfColor{\textBlue}{}
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \begin{center}
+ \begin{picture}(325,100)(0,0)
+ \SetColor{Red}
+ \Gluon(50,15)(50,95){5}{6}
+ \Text(50,7)[]{amp $> 0$} \Text(40,50)[]{$\uparrow$}
+ \Gluon(125,95)(125,15){5}{6}
+ \Text(125,7)[]{amp $> 0$} \Text(115,50)[]{$\downarrow$}
+ \Gluon(200,15)(200,95){-5}{6}
+ \Text(200,7)[]{amp $< 0$} \Text(190,50)[]{$\uparrow$}
+ \Gluon(275,95)(275,15){-5}{6}
+ \Text(275,7)[]{amp $< 0$} \Text(265,50)[]{$\downarrow$}
+ \end{picture}
+ \end{center}
+\end{verbatim}
+\IfColor{\textBlack}{}
+The picture gets the following appearance:
+\begin{center}
+\begin{picture}(325,100)(0,0)
+\SetColor{Red}
+\Gluon(50,15)(50,95){5}{6}
+\Text(50,7)[]{amp $> 0$} \Text(40,50)[]{$\uparrow$}
+\Gluon(125,95)(125,15){5}{6}
+\Text(125,7)[]{amp $> 0$} \Text(115,50)[]{$\downarrow$}
+\Gluon(200,15)(200,95){-5}{6}
+\Text(200,7)[]{amp $< 0$} \Text(190,50)[]{$\uparrow$}
+\Gluon(275,95)(275,15){-5}{6}
+\Text(275,7)[]{amp $< 0$} \Text(265,50)[]{$\downarrow$}
+\end{picture}
+\end{center}
+For straight gluons one does not need the option of the negative
+amplitude. It is however necessary for gluons on an arc segment. In that
+case the arc is always drawn in an anticlockwise direction. Hence the
+direction is fixed and only the amplitude is left as a tool for
+determining the side with the curls.
+
+\subsection{Scaling}
+
+Sometimes it is much easier to design a figure on a larger scale than it
+is needed in the eventual printing. In that case one can use a scale
+factor, either during the design or in the final result. We use the
+figure in the first section as an example:
+\IfColor{\textBlue}{}
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \vspace{-10pt} \hfill \\
+ \SetScale{0.3}
+ \begin{picture}(70,30)(0,13)
+ \SetColor{Red}
+ \GlueArc(120,50)(40,0,180){5}{8}
+ \SetColor{Green}
+ \GlueArc(120,50)(40,180,360){5}{8}
+ \SetColor{Blue}
+ \Gluon(20,50)(80,50){5}{4} \Vertex(80,50){2}
+ \Gluon(160,50)(220,50){5}{4} \Vertex(160,50){2}
+ \end{picture} $+$ others
+ $ = C_A(\frac{5}{3}+\frac{31}{9}\epsilon)
+ + n_F(-\frac{2}{3}-\frac{10}{9}\epsilon)$
+ \vspace{10pt} \hfill \\
+\end{verbatim}
+\IfColor{\textBlack}{}
+We have lowered the figure by 13 points (the (0,13) in the picture
+statement) to make it look nice with respect to the equal sign. The
+result is
+ \vspace{-10pt} \hfill \\
+ \SetScale{0.3}
+ \begin{picture}(70,30)(0,13)
+ \SetColor{Red}
+ \GlueArc(120,50)(40,0,180){5}{8}
+ \SetColor{Green}
+ \GlueArc(120,50)(40,180,360){5}{8}
+ \SetColor{Blue}
+ \Gluon(20,50)(80,50){5}{4} \Vertex(80,50){2}
+ \Gluon(160,50)(220,50){5}{4} \Vertex(160,50){2}
+ \end{picture} $+$ others
+ $ = C_A(\frac{5}{3}+\frac{31}{9}\epsilon)
+ + n_F(-\frac{2}{3}-\frac{10}{9}\epsilon)$
+ \vspace{10pt} \hfill \\
+ \SetScale{1}
+This way it is rather straightforward to make whole pictorial equations.
+Of course some things are not scale invariant. The appreciation of a
+figure may be somewhat different when the scale is changed. In the above
+case one might consider changing the amplitude of the gluons a little
+bit. Changing this from 5 to 7 and at the same time reducing the number
+of windings from 4 to 3 for the straight gluons and from 8 to 7 for the
+gluons in the arcs gives
+ \vspace{-10pt} \hfill \\
+ \SetScale{0.3}
+ \begin{picture}(70,30)(0,13)
+ \SetColor{Red}
+ \GlueArc(120,50)(40,0,180){7}{7}
+ \SetColor{Green}
+ \GlueArc(120,50)(40,180,360){7}{7}
+ \SetColor{Blue}
+ \Gluon(20,50)(80,50){7}{3} \Vertex(80,50){2}
+ \Gluon(160,50)(220,50){7}{3} \Vertex(160,50){2}
+ \end{picture} $+$ others
+ $ = C_A(\frac{5}{3}+\frac{31}{9}\epsilon)
+ + n_F(-\frac{2}{3}-\frac{10}{9}\epsilon)$
+ \vspace{10pt} \hfill \\
+ \SetScale{1}
+At this scale this may please the eye more.
+
+There is one problem with scaling. Currently it is only possible to have
+text scale with the rest of a figure when the text has been printed with
+the PText command. This makes the typesetting more complicated, but the
+scaling of the \TeX{} pixel fonts would give rather poor results anyway.
+
+\subsection{Photons}
+
+When drawing photons one should take care that the number of wiggles is
+selected properly. Very often this number should be an integer plus
+$0.5$. This can be seen in the following example:
+\IfColor{\textBlue}{}
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \begin{center}\begin{picture}(300,56)(0,0)
+ \Vertex(180,10){1.5} \Vertex(120,10){1.5}
+ \SetColor{Red}
+ \ArrowLine(100,10)(200,10)
+ \SetColor{Green}
+ \LongArrowArc(150,10)(20,60,120)
+ \SetColor{Brown}
+ \PhotonArc(150,10)(30,0,180){4}{8.5} % 8.5 wiggles
+ \end{picture} \end{center}
+\end{verbatim}
+\IfColor{\textBlack}{}
+This gives the `proper' picture as it would usually drawn by hand:
+ \begin{center}\begin{picture}(300,56)(0,0)
+ \Vertex(180,10){1.5} \Vertex(120,10){1.5}
+ \SetColor{Red}
+ \ArrowLine(100,10)(200,10)
+ \SetColor{Green}
+ \LongArrowArc(150,10)(20,60,120)
+ \SetColor{Brown}
+ \PhotonArc(150,10)(30,0,180){4}{8.5} % 8.5 wiggles
+ \end{picture} \end{center}
+When the number of wiggles is reduced to 8 we obtain:
+ \begin{center}\begin{picture}(300,56)(0,0)
+ \Vertex(180,10){1.5} \Vertex(120,10){1.5}
+ \SetColor{Red}
+ \ArrowLine(100,10)(200,10)
+ \SetColor{Green}
+ \LongArrowArc(150,10)(20,60,120)
+ \SetColor{Brown}
+ \PhotonArc(150,10)(30,0,180){4}{8} % 8 wiggles
+ \end{picture} \end{center}
+This is not as nice. Somehow the symmetry is violated. One should also
+take care that the wiggles start in the proper way. If we make the
+amplitude negative we see that the photons are not `right' either:
+ \begin{center}\begin{picture}(300,56)(0,0)
+ \Vertex(180,10){1.5} \Vertex(120,10){1.5}
+ \SetColor{Red}
+ \ArrowLine(100,10)(200,10)
+ \SetColor{Green}
+ \LongArrowArc(150,10)(20,60,120)
+ \SetColor{Brown}
+ \PhotonArc(150,10)(30,0,180){-4}{8.5} % 8.5 wiggles
+ \end{picture} \end{center}
+Sometimes these things require some experimenting.
+
+\subsection{Flowcharts}
+
+There are several commands for creating boxes with text in them. This can
+be a box with either one line of text or with two lines of text. The rest
+is just a matter of drawing lines and circle segments with arrows. If the
+text is to scale with the picture one needs to use the postscript fonts.
+The result of scaling the {\TeX} fonts is usually rather ugly, because
+these fonts are pixel fonts. Here we present an example. It might describe
+a system for the automatic computation of cross-sections:
+\IfColor{\textBlue}{}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{center} \begin{picture}(320,320)(0,0)
+\SetPFont{Helvetica}{10}
+\SetScale{0.8}
+\SetColor{Magenta}
+\ArrowLine(200,40)(200,10) \ArrowLine(200,100)(200,40)
+\ArrowLine(200,150)(200,100) \ArrowLine(100,130)(200,100)
+\ArrowLine(85,95)(200,100) \ArrowLine(260,105)(200,100)
+\ArrowLine(250,135)(200,100) \ArrowLine(160,75)(200,100)
+\ArrowLine(200,100)(250,70) \ArrowLine(200,185)(200,150)
+\ArrowLine(200,220)(200,185) \ArrowLine(200,250)(200,220)
+\ArrowLine(240,263)(200,250) \ArrowLine(240,237)(200,250)
+\ArrowLine(200,285)(200,250) \ArrowLine(200,310)(200,285)
+\ArrowLine(200,335)(200,310) \ArrowLine(180,360)(200,335)
+\ArrowLine(200,385)(180,360) \ArrowLine(50,370)(180,360)
+\ArrowArc(200,247.5)(62.5,90,180)
+\ArrowArc(200,247.5)(62.5,180,270)
+\ArrowLine(210,385)(300,360) \ArrowLine(210,335)(300,360)
+\ArrowLine(80,300)(80,130) \ArrowLine(190,335)(80,300)
+\ArrowLine(190,385)(80,300) \ArrowLine(50,335)(80,300)
+\ArrowLine(300,360)(340,340) \ArrowArcn(205,347.5)(37.5,90,270)
+\SetColor{Blue}
+\BCirc(200,100){10} \BCirc(200,100){5}
+\BCirc(200,40){7.5} \BCirc(200,250){10}
+\BCirc(200,250){5} \BCirc(200,310){7.5}
+\BCirc(180,360){7.5} \BCirc(80,300){7.5}
+\BCirc(300,360){7.5}
+\IfColor{\CCirc(200,185){7.5}{Blue}{Yellow}
+}{\GCirc(200,185){7.5}{0.9}}
+\SetColor{Red}
+\BText(200,285){Form program} \BText(200,335){Diagrams}
+\BText(200,385){Model} \BText(200,10){events}
+\BText(80,95){Axolib} \BText(350,335){Pictures}
+\IfColor{\CText(137.5,247.5){Blue}{Yellow}{instructions}
+}{\GText(137.5,247.5){0.9}{instructions}}
+\B2Text(260,70){Cross-sections}{Histograms}
+\B2Text(140,75){Monte Carlo}{Routine}
+\B2Text(275,105){FF}{1 loop integrals}
+\IfColor{\C2Text(260,135){Blue}{Yellow}{Spiderlib}{Fortran/C}
+}{\G2Text(260,135){0.9}{Spiderlib}{Fortran/C}}
+\IfColor{\C2Text(200,150){Blue}{Yellow}{Matrix}{Element}
+}{\G2Text(200,150){0.9}{Matrix}{Element}}
+\B2Text(80,130){Kinematics}{Configuration}
+\IfColor{\C2Text(200,220){Blue}{Yellow}{Output}{Formula}
+}{\G2Text(200,220){0.9}{Output}{Formula}}
+\IfColor{\C2Text(260,263){Blue}{Yellow}{Spiderlib}{Form part}
+}{\G2Text(260,263){0.9}{Spiderlib}{Form part}}
+\IfColor{\C2Text(260,237){Blue}{Yellow}{FF support}{library}
+}{\G2Text(260,237){0.9}{FF support}{library}}
+\B2Text(40,370){Reaction}{selection}
+\B2Text(40,340){Specification}{Cuts, etc.}
+\SetColor{Orange}
+\PText(211,36)(0)[lb]{Event Generator}
+\PText(211,181)(0)[lb]{Code Generator}
+\PText(162,258)(0)[lb]{FORM}
+\PText(211,301)(0)[lb]{Form program construction}
+\PText(191,362)(0)[lb]{Diagram}
+\PText(191,352)(0)[lb]{Generator}
+\PText(311,370)(0)[lb]{Postscript}
+\PText(311,360)(0)[lb]{Generator}
+\PText(91,292)(0)[lb]{Kinematics}
+\PText(91,282)(0)[lb]{Generator}
+\end{picture} \end{center}
+\end{verbatim}
+\IfColor{\textBlack}{}
+This gives the chart
+\begin{center} \begin{picture}(320,320)(0,0)
+\SetPFont{Helvetica}{10}
+\SetScale{0.8}
+\SetColor{Magenta}
+\ArrowLine(200,40)(200,10) \ArrowLine(200,100)(200,40)
+\ArrowLine(200,150)(200,100) \ArrowLine(100,130)(200,100)
+\ArrowLine(85,95)(200,100) \ArrowLine(260,105)(200,100)
+\ArrowLine(250,135)(200,100) \ArrowLine(160,75)(200,100)
+\ArrowLine(200,100)(250,70) \ArrowLine(200,185)(200,150)
+\ArrowLine(200,220)(200,185) \ArrowLine(200,250)(200,220)
+\ArrowLine(240,263)(200,250) \ArrowLine(240,237)(200,250)
+\ArrowLine(200,285)(200,250) \ArrowLine(200,310)(200,285)
+\ArrowLine(200,335)(200,310) \ArrowLine(180,360)(200,335)
+\ArrowLine(200,385)(180,360) \ArrowLine(50,370)(180,360)
+\ArrowArc(200,247.5)(62.5,90,180)
+\ArrowArc(200,247.5)(62.5,180,270)
+\ArrowLine(210,385)(300,360) \ArrowLine(210,335)(300,360)
+\ArrowLine(80,300)(80,130) \ArrowLine(190,335)(80,300)
+\ArrowLine(190,385)(80,300) \ArrowLine(50,335)(80,300)
+\ArrowLine(300,360)(340,340) \ArrowArcn(205,347.5)(37.5,90,270)
+\SetColor{Blue}
+\BCirc(200,100){10} \BCirc(200,100){5}
+\BCirc(200,40){7.5} \BCirc(200,250){10}
+\BCirc(200,250){5} \BCirc(200,310){7.5}
+\BCirc(180,360){7.5} \BCirc(80,300){7.5}
+\BCirc(300,360){7.5}
+\IfColor{\CCirc(200,185){7.5}{Blue}{Yellow}
+}{\GCirc(200,185){7.5}{0.9}}
+\SetColor{Red}
+\BText(200,285){Form program} \BText(200,335){Diagrams}
+\BText(200,385){Model} \BText(200,10){events}
+\BText(80,95){Axolib} \BText(350,335){Pictures}
+\IfColor{\CText(137.5,247.5){Blue}{Yellow}{instructions}
+}{\GText(137.5,247.5){0.9}{instructions}}
+\B2Text(260,70){Cross-sections}{Histograms}
+\B2Text(140,75){Monte Carlo}{Routine}
+\B2Text(275,105){FF}{1 loop integrals}
+\IfColor{\C2Text(260,135){Blue}{Yellow}{Spiderlib}{Fortran/C}
+}{\G2Text(260,135){0.9}{Spiderlib}{Fortran/C}}
+\IfColor{\C2Text(200,150){Blue}{Yellow}{Matrix}{Element}
+}{\G2Text(200,150){0.9}{Matrix}{Element}}
+\B2Text(80,130){Kinematics}{Configuration}
+\IfColor{\C2Text(200,220){Blue}{Yellow}{Output}{Formula}
+}{\G2Text(200,220){0.9}{Output}{Formula}}
+\IfColor{\C2Text(260,263){Blue}{Yellow}{Spiderlib}{Form part}
+}{\G2Text(260,263){0.9}{Spiderlib}{Form part}}
+\IfColor{\C2Text(260,237){Blue}{Yellow}{FF support}{library}
+}{\G2Text(260,237){0.9}{FF support}{library}}
+\B2Text(40,370){Reaction}{selection}
+\B2Text(40,340){Specification}{Cuts, etc.}
+\SetColor{Orange}
+\PText(211,36)(0)[lb]{Event Generator}
+\PText(211,181)(0)[lb]{Code Generator}
+\PText(162,258)(0)[lb]{FORM}
+\PText(211,301)(0)[lb]{Form program construction}
+\PText(191,362)(0)[lb]{Diagram}
+\PText(191,352)(0)[lb]{Generator}
+\PText(311,370)(0)[lb]{Postscript}
+\PText(311,360)(0)[lb]{Generator}
+\PText(91,292)(0)[lb]{Kinematics}
+\PText(91,282)(0)[lb]{Generator}
+\end{picture} \end{center}
+
+\subsection{Curves and graphs}
+
+Axodraw is equipped with a curve fitting facility that can draw smooth
+curves through a set of coordinates. Coupled to this is a set of
+commands to draw the axes that are typically needed for the use of
+graphs and histograms. An example of a complete picture would be
+\IfColor{\textBlue}{}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{center} \begin{picture}(360,440)(0,0)
+\SetOffset(40,30)
+\LinAxis(0,0)(300,0)(3,10,5,0,1.5)
+\LinAxis(0,400)(300,400)(3,10,-5,0,1.5)
+\LogAxis(0,0)(0,400)(4,-5,2,1.5)
+\LogAxis(300,0)(300,400)(4,5,2,1.5)
+\SetScale{100.} \SetWidth{0.005}
+\SetColor{Blue}
+\Curve{(.1057001,1.2997)(.1057003,1.5399)
+(.1057006,1.6908)(.1057010,1.8019)(.1057030,2.0406)
+(.1057060,2.1911)(.1057100,2.3020)(.1057300,2.5403)
+(.1057600,2.6904)(.1058000,2.8007)(.1060000,3.0365)
+(.1080000,3.4512)(.1100000,3.5600)(.1200000,3.6950)
+(.1300000,3.6969)(.1500000,3.6308)(.1800000,3.5024)
+(.2200000,3.3413)(.3000000,3.0788)(.5000000,2.6374)
+(.8000000,2.2295)(1.0000000,2.0357)(1.3000000
+,1.8078)(1.6000000,1.6275)(2.0000000,1.4336)
+(2.5000000,1.2398)(3.0000000,1.0815)}
+\SetColor{Red}
+\DashCurve{(1.7853600,.0111)(1.7853800,.0228)
+(1.7854000,.0339)(1.7856000,.1218)(1.7860000,.2324)
+(1.7870000,.3821)(1.7900000,.5786)(1.8000000,.8089)
+(1.8200000,.9765)(1.8500000,1.0869)(1.9000000
+,1.1718)(2.0000000,1.2335)(2.1000000,1.2468)
+(2.2000000,1.2413)(2.4000000,1.2064)
+(2.7000000,1.1340)(3.0000000,1.0574)}{0.05}
+\SetScale{1.}\SetWidth{0.5}
+\SetColor{Blue}
+\Line(200,360)(270,360)
+\Text(195,360)[r]{\large$e^+e^-\rightarrow\mu^+\mu^-$}
+\SetColor{Red}
+\DashLine(200,330)(270,330){5}
+\Text(195,330)[r]{\large$e^+e^-\rightarrow\tau^+\tau^-$}
+\SetColor{Black}
+\Text(0,-10)[]{0} \Text(100,-10)[]{1}
+\Text(200,-10)[]{2} \Text(300,-10)[]{3}
+\Text(150,-25)[]{\large Beam energy in GeV}
+\Text(-10,70)[]{$1$} \Text(-10,170)[]{$10$}
+\Text(-10,270)[]{$10^2$} \Text(-10,370)[]{$10^3$}
+\rText(-25,220)[][l]{\Large$\sigma$ in nb}
+\ArrowLine(190,270)(160,300)
+\ArrowLine(160,240)(190,270)
+\ArrowLine(270,300)(240,270)
+\ArrowLine(240,270)(270,240)
+\Photon(190,270)(240,270){4}{4.5}
+\Vertex(190,270){1.5} \Vertex(240,270){1.5}
+\end{picture} \\ {\sl \hskip 10 pt Threshold
+effects for $\mu$ and $\tau$} \end{center}
+\end{verbatim}
+\IfColor{\textBlack}{}
+and the resulting picture would be
+\begin{center} \begin{picture}(360,440)(0,0)
+\SetOffset(40,30)
+\LinAxis(0,0)(300,0)(3,10,5,0,1.5)
+\LinAxis(0,400)(300,400)(3,10,-5,0,1.5)
+\LogAxis(0,0)(0,400)(4,-5,2,1.5)
+\LogAxis(300,0)(300,400)(4,5,2,1.5)
+\SetScale{100.} \SetWidth{0.005}
+\SetColor{Blue}
+\Curve{(.1057001,1.2997)(.1057003,1.5399)
+(.1057006,1.6908)(.1057010,1.8019)(.1057030,2.0406)
+(.1057060,2.1911)(.1057100,2.3020)(.1057300,2.5403)
+(.1057600,2.6904)(.1058000,2.8007)(.1060000,3.0365)
+(.1080000,3.4512)(.1100000,3.5600)(.1200000,3.6950)
+(.1300000,3.6969)(.1500000,3.6308)(.1800000,3.5024)
+(.2200000,3.3413)(.3000000,3.0788)(.5000000,2.6374)
+(.8000000,2.2295)(1.0000000,2.0357)(1.3000000
+,1.8078)(1.6000000,1.6275)(2.0000000,1.4336)
+(2.5000000,1.2398)(3.0000000,1.0815)}
+\SetColor{Red}
+\DashCurve{(1.7853600,.0111)(1.7853800,.0228)
+(1.7854000,.0339)(1.7856000,.1218)(1.7860000,.2324)
+(1.7870000,.3821)(1.7900000,.5786)(1.8000000,.8089)
+(1.8200000,.9765)(1.8500000,1.0869)(1.9000000
+,1.1718)(2.0000000,1.2335)(2.1000000,1.2468)
+(2.2000000,1.2413)(2.4000000,1.2064)
+(2.7000000,1.1340)(3.0000000,1.0574)}{0.05}
+\SetScale{1.}\SetWidth{0.5}
+\SetColor{Blue}
+\Line(200,360)(270,360)
+\Text(195,360)[r]{\large$e^+e^-\rightarrow\mu^+\mu^-$}
+\SetColor{Red}
+\DashLine(200,330)(270,330){5}
+\Text(195,330)[r]{\large$e^+e^-\rightarrow\tau^+\tau^-$}
+\SetColor{Black}
+\Text(0,-10)[]{0} \Text(100,-10)[]{1}
+\Text(200,-10)[]{2} \Text(300,-10)[]{3}
+\Text(150,-25)[]{\large Beam energy in GeV}
+\Text(-10,70)[]{$1$} \Text(-10,170)[]{$10$}
+\Text(-10,270)[]{$10^2$} \Text(-10,370)[]{$10^3$}
+\rText(-25,220)[][l]{\Large$\sigma$ in nb}
+\ArrowLine(190,270)(160,300)
+\ArrowLine(160,240)(190,270)
+\ArrowLine(270,300)(240,270)
+\ArrowLine(240,270)(270,240)
+\Photon(190,270)(240,270){4}{4.5}
+\Vertex(190,270){1.5} \Vertex(240,270){1.5}
+\end{picture} \\ {\sl \hskip 10 pt Threshold
+effects for $\mu$ and $\tau$} \end{center}
+Of course one can scale these pictures further, but because the scale
+factor has been used to enter the data points these should then be
+adapted too. Note that when the scale is blown up by a factor 100, the
+linewidth has to be scaled down or disasters will take place.
+
+Finally a playful example:
+\IfColor{\textBlue}{}
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \begin{center}\begin{picture}(300,56)(0,0)
+ \SetColor{Blue}
+ \Line(100,25)(150,25)
+ \SetColor{Green}
+ \Gluon(150,25)(200,25){3}{6}
+ \SetColor{Red}
+ \Photon(150,35)(200,45){3}{6}
+ \SetColor{Mahogany}
+ \ZigZag(150,15)(200,5){3}{6}
+ \IfColor{\COval(150,25)(20,10)(0){Black}{Yellow}
+ }{\GOval(150,25)(20,10)(0){0.5}}
+ \end{picture} \end{center}
+\end{verbatim}
+\IfColor{\textBlack{}}{}which results in
+ \begin{center}\begin{picture}(300,56)(0,0)
+ \SetColor{Blue}
+ \Line(100,25)(150,25)
+ \SetColor{Green}
+ \Gluon(150,25)(200,25){3}{6}
+ \SetColor{Red}
+ \Photon(150,35)(200,45){3}{6}
+ \SetColor{Mahogany}
+ \ZigZag(150,15)(200,5){3}{6}
+ \IfColor{\COval(150,25)(20,10)(0){Black}{Yellow}
+ }{\GOval(150,25)(20,10)(0){0.5}}
+ \end{picture} \end{center}
+
+Acknowledgement: The author wishes to thank G.J.van Oldenborgh for help
+with some of the \TeX{} macros.
+
+Axodraw can be obtained from the authors homepage:
+\IfColor{\textOliveGreen}{}{http://norma.nikhef.nl/$\sim$t68/axodraw}~
+{\IfColor{\textBlack}{}$\!\!\!\!$.}
+Alternatively it is available by means of anonymous ftp from ftp.nikhef.nl.
+There it is located in the directory pub/form/axodraw. Commentary and
+suggestions should be sent to the author at t68\verb:@:nikhef.nl.
+\end{document}
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.39.1) at 2024-12-23 12:38:16 +0000