diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'fonts/doublestroke/dsdoc.tex')
| -rw-r--r-- | fonts/doublestroke/dsdoc.tex | 347 |
1 files changed, 347 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/fonts/doublestroke/dsdoc.tex b/fonts/doublestroke/dsdoc.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9c6b3b4e9b --- /dev/null +++ b/fonts/doublestroke/dsdoc.tex @@ -0,0 +1,347 @@ +\documentclass[a4paper]{article} +\usepackage{dsfont} + +% We need both the roman and the sans serif version of +% the font in this document for example purposes. +% Do not do this at home, unless you really know why. +% Chances are you will not end up with a +% masterpiece of digital typography. +\DeclareMathAlphabet{\varmathds}{U}{dsss}{m}{n} + +\newcommand{\MF}{\textsf{Metafont}} + +\begin{document} + +\title{\bf The Doublestroke Font V1.111} + +\author{Olaf Kummer} + +\maketitle + +\section{Introduction} + +This font is useful for typesetting the mathematical +symbols for the natural numbers ($\mathds{N}$), +whole numbers ($\mathds{Z}$), rational numbers ($\mathds{Q}$), +real numbers ($\mathds{R}$), complex numbers ($\mathds{C}$), +and a couple of others which are sometimes needed. + +The easiest possibility to represent these sets using +\TeX{} is to use boldface, where you get $\mathbf{N}$ +after entering \verb:$\mathbf{N}$:. + +Then one can assemble the glyphs from +other ones. For example the expression \verb:$\mathrm{I\!N}$: +yields $\mathrm{I\!N}$. + +The calligraphic symbol $\mathcal{N}$ generated by +\verb:$\mathcal{N}$: is another option. + +But if none of the above suits your needs or +personal taste, you should use a special font. These fonts +are known as the blackboard bold fonts. There is a +well-known font distributed by the AMS as +\texttt{amsyb}, but the fonts +\texttt{bbold} by Alain Jeffery and \texttt{bbm} by +Gilles F.~Robert are viable options, too. + +And there is this font, too, which was designed +to be as similar to the Computer Modern family of fonts +by Donald E.~Knuth as possible. Which of these options you +prefer is a matter of personal taste, so read on to find +out whether you like this font. + + +\section{License} + +You may use and distribute these fonts as you like. +You may modify these fonts as long as you do not +rename the files to one of those names that +Donald E.~Knuth chose for the Computer Modern fonts. +(And seriously, who would want to do that?) + + +\section{Installation} + +Here are the instructions to install the doublestroke package. + +\begin{enumerate} +\item If a previous version of this font is installed, remove all +the files, especially the font files that were generated by +\MF{} after the first installation. + +\item Depending on how you obtained this package it might be +necessary to unpack/uncompress an archive. Now the files +\begin{verbatim} +dsdoc.dvi dsrom12.pfb dsss10.mf dsss8.tfm +dsdoc.ps dsrom12.tfm dsss10.pfb dstroke.map +dsdoc.tex dsrom8.mf dsss10.tfm readme +dsfont.sty dsrom8.pfb dsss12.mf Udsrom.fd +dsrom10.mf dsrom8.tfm dsss12.pfb Udsss.fd +dsrom10.pfb dsrom.mf dsss12.tfm +dsrom10.tfm dsromo.mf dsss8.mf +dsrom12.mf dsromu.mf dsss8.pfb +\end{verbatim} +should be present. + +\item Make sure that you have \TeX, \LaTeX{} (with NFSS), and \MF{} +installed. Make sure that \texttt{cmbase.mf} is accessible by \MF. + +\item Move the files to their destination. + +\begin{tabular}{lll} +The files & are & and are needed by \\[1ex] +\texttt{*.tfm} & font metric files & \TeX \\ +\texttt{*.fd} & font defintions & \TeX \\ +\texttt{*.sty} & style files & \TeX \\ +\texttt{*.mf} & \MF sources & \MF \\ +\texttt{*.pfb} & PostScript fonts & \TeX \\ +\texttt{*.map} & font map files & \texttt{dvips}, PDF\TeX +\end{tabular} + +The exact location where the files belong depends on your +installation. As a first approximation, install them +near other files with the same extension. + +Unlike previous versions of this font, no pregenerated +fonts at 300\,dpi are included, because +these fonts should always be generated with the proper +\MF{} mode. The metric files are included, however, because +they do not depend on the printer. + +\item Verify the installation by generating this documentation +file from its source \texttt{dsdoc.tex}. The resulting file +\texttt{dsdoc.dvi} should be identical to this text. + +\item If you want to use the PostScript fonts, you have to make + them known to \texttt{dvips} and/or PDF\TeX. The details of + this process depend on your system installation. For example, + if you are working in a Unix-style environment with a recent + \TeX\ installation, you can configure \texttt{dvips} by setting + the environment variable \texttt{DVIPSRC} to point to a + configuration file \texttt{myconfig}, which would look as + follows: +\begin{verbatim} +p +dstroke.map +\end{verbatim} + This will tell \texttt{dvips} to load the font map file. + PDF\TeX\ looks for a configuration file called + \texttt{pdftex.cfg}, into which you should put the line +\begin{verbatim} +map +dstroke.map +\end{verbatim} + for it to find the PostScript fonts. + + Note that for this to work, all files need to be put into their + appropriate places. If you are unsure about where to put + things, consult your system administrator or the manual of your + \TeX\ system. +\end{enumerate} + +You have probably done all of the above, because you are reading +this documentation. But maybe you got this documentation from +somewhere else and ran into trouble during the installation. +In this case try the following: + +\begin{itemize} +\item If \LaTeX{} complains about a missing input file, check whether + the files \texttt{*.fd} and \texttt{*.sty} are accessible and readable. +\item If \LaTeX{} complains about a missing font, check the + placement of the files \texttt{*.tfm}. +\item If \LaTeX{} issues strange errors, you might have an old version + of \LaTeX{} or NFSS. Try using the fonts with low-level font + commands instead of dsfont.sty and check the next item, too. +\item If \LaTeX{} issues strange errors, the files might have been + corrupted during transmission. Conversions of CR, LF, and + so on might cause this problem. +\item If the previewer or the printer driver complains about missing + fonts and does not automatically call \MF{} to generate + these font, either adapt your installation or generate + the fonts by hand. Depending on your installation you + must run something like +\begin{verbatim} +mf '\mode=localfont; input dsrom10' +\end{verbatim} + for each of the fonts. +\item If \MF{} is called and complains about missing source + files, check whether these (\texttt{*.mf}) are placed + correctly. +\item If \MF{} is called and complains about strange paths + or about paths that do not intersect, you are probably + generating the font at a lower resolution than 100\,dpi. + There is little you can do except ignoring the errors or + telling \MF{} to do so. Please report such errors only + if they occur at resolutions above 100\,dpi. +\item If the previewer or the printer driver complains about missing + characters, check whether you have deleted all files from + previous versions of this font. +\item If the previewer or the printer driver complains about a + checksum error, check whether you have deleted all files from + previous versions of this font. +\end{itemize} + +If that does not help and your friendly \TeX nician is unavailable, +drop me a mail. I will try to help you, if time permits. + + +\section{Usage} + +You can use the fonts with all versions of \TeX{} and \LaTeX, +if you apply the low-level command \verb:\font:. +For example we can write +\begin{verbatim} +\font\dsrom=dsrom10 +$$\hbox{\dsrom N}=\{0,1,2,\ldots\}$$ +$$\hbox{\dsrom ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}$$ +\bye +\end{verbatim} +to obtain +\[\mathds{N}=\{0,1,2,\ldots\}\] +\[\mathds{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}\] +using \TeX{} alone. +If \LaTeX{} and NFSS are available as suggested in the installation +section, you can use the style \texttt{dsfont} for an easier and more +flexible approach. The style provides a single command \verb:\mathds: +which can be used in math mode to typeset a doublestroke symbol. +It use is similar to that of \verb:\mathbb: from the +AMS package. For example +\begin{verbatim} +\documentclass{article} +\usepackage{dsfont} +\begin{document} +\[\mathds{N}=\{0,1,2,\ldots\}\] +\[\mathds{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}\] +\end{document} +\end{verbatim} +will again result in +\[\mathds{N}=\{0,1,2,\ldots\}\] +\[\mathds{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}\] +as we have already done in \TeX. The uppercase letters shown here +are the most common, but there are a few others in use. +\begin{verbatim} +\[\mathds{1}\;\mathds{h}\;\mathds{k}\] +\end{verbatim} +results in +\[\mathds{1}\;\mathds{h}\;\mathds{k}\] +Why are the other lowercase letters and numerals missing? Well, +they would be ugly if treated in the same way as the uppercase +letters. Hence I considered the beauty of each individual letter +more important than the completeness of the whole character set. +Using \verb:\mathds{a}: we can get the letter $\mathds{a}$. +This is the way the letter $\mathds{A}$ looked in previous versions +of this font. It is provided in case somebody likes the old +version better. The two other letters $\mathds{V}$ and $\mathds{W}$ +have changed significantly, too, but there will be nobody who +prefers the old glyphs, I think. + +Let us look at some examples. +\begin{verbatim} +\[\mathds{N}\subset\mathds{Z}\subset\mathds{Q} + \subset\mathds{R}\subset\mathds{C}\] +\[\{a_i\}_{i\in\mathds{N}}\textrm{~where~}a_i\in\mathds{C}\] +\[\forall x\in\mathds{X}:\exists s\in\mathds{S}: + x\circ t\in\mathds{T}^\mathds{1}\] +\end{verbatim} +After running \LaTeX{} we get +\[\mathds{N}\subset\mathds{Z}\subset\mathds{Q} + \subset\mathds{R}\subset\mathds{C}\] +\[(a_i)_{i\in\mathds{N}}\textrm{~where~}a_i\in\mathds{R}\] +\[\forall x\in\mathds{X}:\exists s\in\mathds{S}: + x\circ s\in\mathds{T}^\mathds{1}\] +We can see that the font can occur in subscripts +or superscripts without any problems. +The last formula shows the possibility to use the +doublestroke font for custom defined objects. Some caution is +required here. Usually it is best to stick to those symbols +whose usage is common, like the natural numbers $\mathds{N}$ etc. +But there are reasons to use own glyphs, of course. + +Some people prefer a sans serif doublestroke font. This can be +accomplished by a minimal change of the \TeX{} source. +\begin{verbatim} +\documentclass{article} +\usepackage[sans]{dsfont} +\begin{document} +\[\mathds{N}=\{0,1,2,\ldots\}\] +\[\mathds{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}\] +\end{document} +\end{verbatim} +Did you spot the change? The result is +\[\varmathds{N}=\{0,1,2,\ldots\}\] +\[\varmathds{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}\] +In this document I had to use both fonts for example purposes. +Do not do this at home, unless you really know why. +I discourage the simultaneous use of serif and +sans serif doublestroke fonts in a single document, because +it results in confused readers. + + +\section{Changes} + +\subsection*{Changes in Version 1.0} + +\begin{itemize} +\item The characters $\mathds{1}$, $\mathds{h}$, and $\mathds{k}$ +were added. + +\item The characters $\mathds{A}$, $\mathds{V}$, and $\mathds{W}$ +were completely redone. + +\item For several characters the size of the serifs was adjusted. + +\item Several characters were made more robust at low resolutions. +In order to achieve this goal, the appearance of the letter +$\mathds{S}$ had to be changed for some extreme parameter settings. + +\item The sans serif version of the font was added. The metaness +required to generate a sans serif font was already present +in the earlier version. The style file was rewritten to allow +a choice between the two fonts. + +\item 8-point fonts for subscripts were added. + +\item The pregenerated fonts were removed from the distribution. + +\item This document was written. +\end{itemize} + + +\subsection*{Changes in Version 1.1} + +\begin{itemize} +\item The license section was added. +\end{itemize} + + +\subsection*{Changes in Version 1.11} + +\begin{itemize} +\item Documentation bugs were corrected +\end{itemize} + + +\subsection*{Changes in Version 1.111} + +\begin{itemize} +\item PostScript versions of the fonts were added. These were + generated from the \MF\ sources using the \texttt{mftrace} + program by Han-Wen Nienhuys. +\end{itemize} + + +\section{Thanks} + +Thanks go to D.~E.~Knuth who gave \TeX, \MF, and +Computer Modern to the world. +Marco Kuhlmann added the PostScript version of the fonts +and commented on the installation process. +J\"urgen Vollmer provided some +ideas that were used in this documentation file. +Han-Wen Nienhuys created \texttt{mftrace}, which was +required for creating PostScript versions of this font. +Reinhard Zierke did not only provide the most complete +\TeX{} installation I can imagine, but also +motivated this improved version of the font. + + +\end{document} |