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diff --git a/dviware/psprint/vms/psprint.hlp b/dviware/psprint/vms/psprint.hlp new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f80a58e9d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/dviware/psprint/vms/psprint.hlp @@ -0,0 +1,438 @@ +1 PSPRINT + +USAGE: PSPRINT file [qualifiers] + +The PSPRINT command can be used to print a DVI file produced by +TeX (or LaTeX), a raw PostScript file, or an ordinary text file, +on a variety of PostScript printers. +The currently supported devices include the Apple LaserWriter, +the Linotronic 300 and DEC's PrintServer 40. + +To print your own copy of the "PSPRINT User Guide" just type: + + $ PSPRINT TEX_PS:USERGUIDE + +2 TeX_Output + +PSPRINT looks for a DVI file by default. To print FOO.DVI, simply type: + + $ PSPRINT FOO + +PSPRINT first translates FOO.DVI into a temporary PostScript file called +FOO.TMP. The order in which pages are translated depends on the printer +(the default order can be overridden by the /REVERSE or /NOREVERSE options). +If no errors are found, FOO.TMP is sent to an appropriate queue +where it is printed (and then deleted). + +2 PostScript_Output + +PostScript is a complete programming language with a powerful set of +operators for manipulating text and graphics. A PostScript program is an +ordinary text file. If you give it a name like FOO.PS then sending it to +the printer is simple: + + $ PSPRINT FOO.PS + +If you decide to use some other file extension you'll have to add the /PS +qualifier. The PSPRINT User Guide explains how to include PostScript +graphics in a TeX or LaTeX document. + +People who want to write PostScript programs will need to get the +PostScript Language Reference Manual and PostScript Language Tutorial +and Cookbook. Both books are by Adobe Systems Incorporated and +published by Addison-Wesley. + +2 Text_Output + +To print a normal text file, just use any file type except DVI or PS: + + $ PSPRINT FOO.LIS + +Your output will have 66 lines per page, and any lines more than 80 +characters long will be truncated. Use the /LANDSCAPE qualifier to +rotate the paper so that you can have lines up to 132 characters long +(but only 50 lines per page). + +Type `PSPRINT FOO.PS /TEXT' if you want to print a PostScript program +rather than have it interpreted. + +The /TWO and /WIDE qualifiers also print text files but format the +output so that two "pages" appear on each sheet of paper; each page +has a header line showing the file name and page number. +In both cases there will be 60 lines per page, but for /TWO each line +can be up to 80 characters long, or up to 132 characters for /WIDE. + +These text file facilities may not be available on all types of +printers, especially the Linotronic. + +2 Errors + +If PSPRINT detects one or more errors while translating a DVI file then +the temporary PostScript file is automatically deleted and nothing +is printed --- not even a banner page. +The sort of errors you are most likely to see include: + + Page off paper (paper is ... + The current page contains material beyond one or more paper edges. + Use DVItoVDU to see where the problem lies. + + Couldn't open font file: ... + Your DVI file uses a font at a non-existent magnification. + Try a different font magnification in your source file. + + Couldn't open \special file: ... + PSPRINT could not locate the given \special file. + Check the file's spelling and/or directory location. + +Error messages apply to the most recently displayed DVI/TeX page. +Any message that does not make sense probably indicates some sort of bug. +Please save a copy of the input file and report the problem to your +local TeXnician. + +If a DVI file uses a large number of fonts (or a few very large fonts) +then you might get an error page with the message "VMerror". +This indicates that PostScript's "virtual memory" has been exhausted, +and the rest of your job will be flushed. +This problem is unlikely to worry most people, particularly on the +PrintServer 40 which has much more VM than the LaserWriter or Linotronic. +If the problem does occur, there are a few things you can try: + + - On a LaserWriter or PrintServer 40, try printing a few pages + at a time, or use /CONSERVE_VM. + - On a Linotronic, try using /LOWRES. + (Note that /CONSERVE_VM is the default for this device.) + +If you are sending your own PostScript program then an error should +produce some sort of message on the printed output. +If you are using a PrintServer 40 then specify /NOTIFY to get all +PostScript messages sent back to your terminal. + +2 PostScript_Fonts + +PSPRINT allows the use of PostScript fonts in a TeX or LaTeX document. +Such fonts can be used at any desired size and no character bitmaps need +to be downloaded since the shape information is resident in the printer. +The necessary typesetting information required by PSPRINT is extracted +from TFM files (TeX Font Metric files). A TFM file name beginning +with "ps-" is used to indicate a resident PostScript font. + +Each type of PostScript printer provides a different set of fonts. +To be able to use a particular PostScript font you need to know the +name of its corresponding TFM file and whether it actually exists in +the printer you want to use. For each PostScript printer currently +supported there exists a file containing just such information: + + TEX_PS:LW_FONTS.PS - converts TFM names into LaserWriter fonts + TEX_PS:LINO_FONTS.PS - converts TFM names into Linotronic 300 fonts + TEX_PS:PS40_FONTS.PS - converts TFM names into PrintServer 40 fonts + +PSPRINT also uses these files, so you can be reasonably confident +about the validity of their contents. + +There are some important differences between PostScript fonts and +the Computer Modern fonts normally used with TeX: + + - PostScript fonts usually contain up to 256 characters, with many + empty locations. Computer Modern fonts also have up to 256 characters + but typically use only the first 128 locations (with very few empty). + - When a PostScript font is scaled to the same design size as a CM font + it tends to look darker and larger. You need to be a bit careful + when mixing the two font designs. + - The standard TeX commands for accents and foreign letters need to be + redefined for a PostScript text font. The file TEX_PS:PSTEXT.TEX + contains the required macro definitions; note that a few commands + (\j, \aa, \AA, \t) cannot be used at all. Another file, + TEX_PS:PSFONTS.TEX, inputs these macros and illustrates the use + (and abuse) of PostScript fonts in a TeX document. + +2 PostScript_Graphics + +PSPRINT allows the inclusion of PostScript graphics using TeX's \special +command. The \special argument is interpreted as a file name, possibly +followed by a space and additional PostScript text that will be treated +as a separate line at the start of the given file. +For example, "\special{figure.ps 2 1 scale}" will cause PSPRINT to write +a line containing "2 1 scale" to the temporary output file, followed by +the contents of FIGURE.PS, a file assumed to be in your current directory +and containing some sort of PostScript program. (The figure will be +twice as wide as one included by \special{figure.ps}.) +The PSPRINT User Guide has more details. + +2 Qualifiers + +/DEVICE=printer_type + +This qualifier tells PSPRINT which type of PostScript printer is to be +used. The currently supported devices are: + + LW - for an Apple LaserWriter (the default) + LINO - for a Linotronic 300 + PS40 - for DEC's PrintServer 40 + +/DVI + +Force PSPRINT to assume the input file is a DVI file. + +/PS + +Force PSPRINT to assume the input file is a PostScript program. + +/TEXT + +Force PSPRINT to assume the input file is an ordinary text file. + +/TWO + +Like /TEXT but the output is formatted so that two "pages" +(both 60 lines by 80 columns) appear on each sheet of paper, +along with a header line showing the file name and page number. + +/WIDE + +Like /TEXT but the output is formatted so that two wide "pages" +(both 60 lines by 132 columns) appear on each sheet of paper, +along with a header line showing the file name and page number. + +/BANNER +(only if /DEVICE=LW or LINO) + +By default PSPRINT produces a banner page for each job sent to +a LaserWriter or Linotronic. Use /NOBANNER if you don't want such a page. + +/MANUALFEED +(only if /DEVICE=LW) + +Use this qualifier if you want to manually feed paper into the LaserWriter. +As soon as the printer sees your job it will wait for you to feed in each +sheet of paper (it will normally wait up to a minute). + +/LOWRES +(only for a DVI file and /DEVICE=LINO) + +By default, TeX output on the Linotronic is printed at 1270 dots per inch. +The temporary file created by PSPRINT will typically be very large. +If /LOWRES is given then 635 dots per inch will be used, reducing both the +size of the temporary file (by roughly three quarters) and the likelihood +of memory problems. The print quality will of course be poorer but you'll +probably need a magnifying glass to clearly see the difference. + +/SIZE=page_size +(only if /DEVICE=LINO) + +This qualifier specifies the page image size and orientation. +Possible values are A4P (the default), A4L, A5P, A5L, B5P, B5L and A3L. +The P stands for portrait and the L for landscape. +(Don't confuse the landscape orientation with /LANDSCAPE which rotates +the output within the page image, regardless of the /SIZE value.) + +/CUTMARKS +(only if /DEVICE=LINO) + +This qualifier controls the appearance of cut marks on Linotronic output. +These marks define the edges of the page image. /CUTMARKS is the default; +use /NOCUTMARKS to suppress them. + +/CONSERVE_VM +(only for a DVI file) + +Use /CONSERVE_VM to force PSPRINT to conserve the printer's virtual memory +at the expense of creating a larger output file (character bitmaps will be +downloaded more often). If /DEVICE=LINO then /CONSERVE_VM is the default; +if /DEVICE=LW or PS40 then /NOCONSERVE_VM is the default. + +/PAGES=first:final +(only for a DVI file) + +Print a selected subrange from the DVI file. "first" and "final" can +select either DVI page numbers (positive integers) or TeX page numbers. +Assuming TeX generated the 5 pages `[0] [1] [2.1] [2.2] [3]', here are some +examples of how you could use /PAGES: + + $ PSPRINT FOO /PAGES=2 --- prints the 2nd DVI page (as would [1]) + $ PSPRINT FOO /PAGES=4: --- prints the last two pages + $ PSPRINT FOO /PAGES=:4 --- prints the first four pages + $ PSPRINT FOO /PAGES=[2] --- prints [2.1] and [2.2] + $ PSPRINT FOO /PAGES=1:[2] --- prints the first four pages + $ PSPRINT FOO /PAGES=[2.2]: --- prints the last two pages + +Note that "first" and "final" are optional; they default to the first and +last DVI pages respectively. Omitting ":final" entirely sets "final" equal +to "first". + +A TeX page specification is of the form [i0.i1...i9]. i0 to i9 are +integers separated by periods and represent the 10 counter values that +TeX stores with each DVI page. Any number of these integers may be absent +and trailing periods may be omitted. An absent integer will match any value +in the corresponding counter. Many DVI pages may match a particular TeX page +specification; if "first" is a TeX page then the LOWEST matching DVI page is +selected, and if "final" then the HIGHEST matching page is selected. + +/INCREMENT=i +(only for a DVI file) + +Assuming f is the first DVI page selected (where f is either 1 or the start +of a /PAGES subrange) then an increment of i tells PSPRINT to print pages +f, f+i, f+2i, f+3i, ... , f+ni, where f+ni is <= the final DVI page selected. +The primary use of /INCREMENT is to simplify the printing of a document on +both sides of the paper. For example, if FOO.DVI has 8 pages then the +following steps will produce a two-sided document on a LaserWriter: + + 1. $ PSPRINT FOO /INC=2 /REV /NOBANNER ! prints DVI pages 7, 5, 3, 1 + + 2. Remove the 4 pages from the output tray and carefully put them back + into the input cassette so that page 1 remains face up and its + top edge goes into the printer first. (If FOO.DVI had 7 pages then + you would only need to remove the top 3 pages from the output tray.) + + 3. $ PSPRINT FOO /INC=2 /PAG=2: /NOREV ! prints DVI pages 2, 4, 6, 8 + +Note that the use of /REVERSE with /INCREMENT has no effect on WHICH pages +are printed; it simply changes the ORDER in which they are done. + +If you intend doing a lot of two-sided printing then it is a good idea to +define some symbols in your LOGIN.COM file to avoid making mistakes: + + $ ODDPAGES :== PSPRINT/PAG=1:/INC=2/REV/NOBANNER + $ EVENPAGES :== PSPRINT/PAG=2:/INC=2/NOREV + +/REVERSE +(only for a DVI file) + +Use /REVERSE to force PSPRINT to print pages in descending order, +or /NOREVERSE to force PSPRINT to print pages in ascending order. +By default PSPRINT prints DVI pages in an order determined by the type of +printer you are using. /NOREVERSE is the default for all devices +currently supported by PSPRINT. + +/MAGNIFICATION=number +(only for a DVI file) + +Override the DVI magnification with a number 1000 times the desired +magnification. The given number should correspond to one of +TeX's \magstep values; see chapter 4 of The TeXbook. + +/UNITS=xx +(only for a DVI file) + +Set the units of dimensions displayed in some PSPRINT messages +(e.g., if the page is off the paper). "xx" can be one of: + + IN for inches (the default) + CM for centimetres (2.54cm = 1in) + MM for millimetres (25.4mm = 1in) + PT for points (72.27pt = 1in) + PC for picas (12pc = 1pt) + BP for big points (72bp = 1in) + PX for pixels (depends on resolution of printer) + +/STATS +(only for a DVI file) + +Display statistics on the rules, fonts, characters and \special commands +used on each page. + +/RESOLUTION=i +(only for a DVI file) + +i is a positive integer specifying the resolution of your printer +in pixels per inch (horizontally and vertically). + +/HOFFSET=dimension +/VOFFSET=dimension +(only for a DVI file) + +These qualifiers allow you to shift the printed location of each page +according to the given dimensions. For example, "/hoffset=-0.5in" would +move each printed page half an inch to the left. +A "dimension" is any integer or real number (possibly negative) followed +by a two-letter unit: IN,CM,MM,PC,PT,BP,PX (same as those for /UNITS). + +/XSIZE=posdimen +/YSIZE=posdimen +(only for a DVI file) + +PSPRINT will automatically check each DVI page to make sure it fits +within the given paper dimensions. +A "posdimen" is any positive integer or real number followed by a +two-letter unit: IN,CM,MM,PC,PT,BP,PX (same as those for /UNITS). + +/PSPREFIX=string +(only for a DVI file) + +PSPRINT needs to read TFM files if your DVI file uses printer-resident +PostScript fonts (for which bitmapped information does not exist). +All such fonts must have names beginning with the given prefix. + +/TFM_DIRECTORY=directory +(only for a DVI file) + +Specifies the location of TFM files for printer-resident PostScript fonts. + +/DUMMY_FONT=file +(only for a DVI file) + +This qualifier indicates the naming convention and format of all font files. +The given file must represent an unmagnified font. + +/FONT_DIRECTORY=directory +(only for a DVI file) + +Use this qualifier to override the default directory from which PSPRINT +gets all its character bitmap information. You'll probably never need to +use this facility, but it might come in handy if you are using Metafont +to create your own fonts or modify existing ones. The following commands +tell PSPRINT to first search for fonts in the current directory ([]) before +looking in the default directory (assumed to be TEX_DISK:[TEX.PK]): + + $ DEFINE DIRLIST [],TEX_DISK:[TEX.PK] + $ PSPRINT FOO.DVI /FONT="DIRLIST:" + +Use /STATS to see the default font directory at your site. + +/LANDSCAPE + +To get "landscaped" output. +(Normal output is said to have a "portrait" orientation.) +If given a DVI file, PSPRINT will check each page to make sure it fits +within the rotated paper. + +/DELETE + +To delete the input file after printing. + +/NOTIFY + +To be notified when the print job has finished. +On the PrintServer 40 you'll also see any PostScript messages, +a particularly useful feature when debugging a PostScript program. + +/COPIES=number + +To specify up to 100 copies. +Use of this facility is not encouraged. Note in particular that +copies of a multiple-page document will NOT be collated. + +/NOTE=string + +To include a note on your banner page. For example, to get your output +put in box 99, just type `PSPRINT /NOTE="BOX 99" ...'. + +/QUEUE=string + +To override the default queue used by PSPRINT. +(Some sites may have more than one printer of the same type.) + +/OUTPUT=file + +To send the PostScript code generated by PSPRINT to a file rather than +to a printer. Since PSPRINT generates device-specific PostScript code +you should only send this file to a PostScript printer of the type +that PSPRINT intended to use. + +/PREP=file +(only for a DVI or PS file) + +To include a modified Laser Prep file that will allow you to send +PostScript files created on a Macintosh by the Command-F method. +If you just type /PREP then a default file (TEX_PS:LASERPREP70.PS) will +be used. |