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+% This is the TeX source file for the "TeXnical Typesetting" document.
+% Notice how you can put in comments? If TeX sees a % it simply ignores
+% the rest of the line.
+
+% A4 paper is 8.3in wide and 11.7in high; we set the page dimensions so that
+% there are 1in margins all around:
+\hsize 6.3in % page width
+\vsize 9.7in % page height
+
+\parskip 8pt plus 2pt minus 1pt % glue before a paragraph
+
+% Define a few extra fonts for later use:
+\font\bigrm=cmr10 scaled\magstep4 % big version of the standard roman font
+\font\ninerm=cmr9 % 9pt roman
+\font\fiverm=cmr5 % 5pt roman
+\font\sm=cmcsc10 % caps and small caps
+\font\ss=cmss10 % sans serif
+
+% Here's a macro that we'll use to produce all subheadings:
+\def\subhead#1{\bigskip % extra glue before subheading
+ \noindent{\bf #1}\par % unindented boldface subheading
+ \nobreak} % prevent a page break after subheading
+
+\centerline{\bigrm \TeX nical Typesetting}
+
+\vskip 2.5cm % dimensions can be metric
+
+\subhead{What is \TeX?}
+
+\TeX\ (pronounced ``teck'') is a computerized typesetting system developed by
+Donald Knuth and others at Stanford University. It is used to create
+high-quality documents, particularly those containing mathematics.
+The name \TeX\ is an uppercase form of the Greek letters $\tau\epsilon\chi$,
+the first three letters of a Greek word meaning {\sl art} as well as
+{\sl technology}.
+The lowering of the ``E'' is a reminder that \TeX\ is about typesetting,
+which can be thought of as the next stage beyond word processing.
+On devices where such lowering is difficult or impossible you may see \TeX\
+written as {\tt TeX}.
+
+% the above blank line ends the first paragraph
+
+Most word processors allow you to
+create and modify a document interactively --- what
+you see on the screen is usually what your output will look like.
+\TeX\ does {\it not} work in this way.
+Like other typesetting systems (such as SCRIBE and
+{\sl troff\/}), \TeX\ is known as a ``document compiler''. Using your
+favourite text editor you need to create a file containing the
+text of your manuscript along with the \TeX\ typesetting commands.
+\TeX\ gives you the ability to produce printed matter with a quality
+matching that found in books, depending on the output device.
+Adelaide University has an {\sm imagen} laser printer
+with a resolution of 240 dots per inch.
+This publication shows both the capabilities of \TeX\ and
+the output quality of the laser printer.
+
+\subhead{Fonts}
+
+One of the more obvious advantages of \TeX\ is the large range of fonts from
+which you can choose. A font is a collection of characters each having a
+similar size and style. Some of the fonts currently available include:
+$$ % enter display math mode just to get space above and below \line
+\line
+ {\hfil % infinitely stretchable glue
+ \rm roman\hfil \sl slanted\hfil \it italic\hfil \bf boldface\hfil
+ \tt typewriter\hfil \ss sans serif\hfil \sm small caps\hfil
+ } % take care to ensure each { has a matching }
+$$
+Many of these also come in a variety of sizes:
+$$
+\centerline{{\bigrm from the very big},~ % extra space after comma
+ {\ninerm to the very small},~
+ {\fiverm to the ridiculous}.}
+$$
+Apart from a large selection of mathematical symbols,
+many special characters and accents are available:
+$$
+\vbox
+ {\tabskip 10pt plus 1fil % glue before and after all columns
+ \halign to\hsize
+ {& \hfil#\hfil\cr % specify a variable number of centred columns
+ \copyright& \it\$& \S& \P& \dag& \ddag&
+ $\circ$& $\bigcirc$& % some symbols must be accessed from math mode
+ $\leftarrow$& $\rightarrow$& $\triangle$& $\clubsuit$&
+ \`a& \'e& \c c& \^o& \"u\cr
+ }
+ }
+$$
+\TeX\ does a few subtle things automatically.
+Certain sequences of characters in your text will
+be replaced by {\sl ligatures} in the printed output (consider the ``{\tt ffi}''
+in ``difficult''), while other pairs of characters need to be {\sl kerned}
+(e.g., the ``o'' and ``x'' in ``box'' look better if they are moved closer
+together). The range and quality of fonts available will continue to improve.
+
+\subhead{Mathematics}
+
+A major design goal of \TeX\ was to simplify the task of typesetting
+mathematics --- and to do it properly. Mathematicians will be pleasantly
+surprised at the ease with which formulae and expressions can be created;
+from simple in-line equations
+such as $e^{i\pi}=-1$ and $f_{n+2}=f_{n+1}+f_n$, to more extravagant displays:
+$$
+\sum_{k\ge1} \sqrt{x_k-\ln k}\quad\ne\quad
+\int_{0}^\infty {e^{-x^3}+\sqrt{x} \over \left(123-x\right)^3} \,dx
+$$
+\TeX\ looks after most of the nitty gritty details, such as spacing things
+correctly and choosing the right sizes for superscripts, parentheses,
+square root signs etc. (The discoverer of the above relation wishes to
+remain anonymous.)
+
+\subhead{Alignment}
+
+The preparation of tabular material such as in lists and matrices can be a
+tedious job for a person armed only with a typewriter and a bottle of
+correction fluid. With a little help from \TeX, computers can make it so
+much easier:
+$$
+\vcenter % a vertically centred \vbox
+ {\tabskip 0pt % no space before column 1
+ \halign to 3.5in % width of table
+ {\strut#& % col 1 is a strut
+ \vrule#\tabskip .5em plus2em& % col 2 is a vrule; also set col spacing
+ #\hfil& % col 3 is left justified
+ \vrule#& % col 4 is a vrule
+ \hfil#\hfil& % col 5 is centred
+ \vrule#& % col 6 is a vrule
+ \hfil#& % col 7 is right justified
+ \vrule#\tabskip 0pt % col 8 is a vrule; no space after it
+ \cr % end of the preamble
+ \noalign{\hrule}
+ & & \multispan5 \hfil Oldest players to represent\hfil& \cr
+ & & \multispan5 \hfil England in a Test Match\hfil& \cr
+ \noalign{\hrule}
+ & & \omit\hfil Name\hfil& & % \omit ignores template in preamble
+ \omit\hfil Age\hfil& &
+ \omit\hfil Versus\hfil& \cr
+ \noalign{\hrule}
+ & & W.Rhodes& & 52y 165d& & West Indies, 1930& \cr
+ \noalign{\hrule}
+ & & W.G.Grace& & 50y 320d& & Australia, 1899& \cr
+ \noalign{\hrule}
+ & & G.Gunn& & 50y 303d& & West Indies, 1929& \cr
+ \noalign{\hrule}
+ & & J.Southerton{\ninerm*}& & 49y 139d& & Australia, 1877& \cr
+ \noalign{\hrule\smallskip}
+ & \multispan7\ninerm* (This was actually his Test debut.)\hfil \cr
+ }
+ }
+\hskip .5in % space between table and matrix
+A=\pmatrix % parenthesized matrix
+ {a_{11}& a_{12}& \ldots& a_{1n}\cr
+ a_{21}& a_{22}& \ldots& a_{2n}\cr
+ \vdots& \vdots& \ddots& \vdots\cr
+ a_{m1}& a_{m2}& \ldots& a_{mn}\cr
+ }
+$$
+
+\vskip -\the\belowdisplayskip % avoid too much space below display
+
+\subhead{Other features}
+
+Space does not permit examples of all the things \TeX\ can do. Here are some
+more features you might like to know about:
+
+\item{$\bullet$}
+Multi-column output can be generated.
+
+{\parskip=0pt % temporarily turn off the skipping between paragraphs
+\item{$\bullet$}
+\TeX\ has a very sophisticated paragraph building algorithm and rarely needs
+to resort to hyphenation. Paragraphs can be indented and shaped in many
+different ways.
+
+\item{$\bullet$}
+Automatic insertion of footnotes,\footnote{\dag}{\ninerm Here is
+a footnote.} running heads, page numbers etc.
+
+\item{$\bullet$}
+\TeX\ makes provision for generating a table of contents, a bibliography, even
+an index. Automatic section numbering and cross referencing are also possible.
+
+\item{$\bullet$}
+A powerful macro facility is built into \TeX. This lets you do some very
+useful things, like creating an abbreviation for a commonly used phrase, or
+defining a new command that will have varying effects depending on the
+parameters it is given. A macro package can enhance \TeX\ by making it much
+easier to generate a document in a predefined format.
+\par % end the last paragraph BEFORE ending the group
+} % \parskip will now revert to its previous value
+
+\subhead{What CAN'T \TeX\ do?}
+
+Complex graphics such as diagrams and illustrations pose
+a major problem --- at the moment you have to leave an appropriate amount of
+blank space and paste them in later.
+Graphic facilities are the subject of current research.
+
+\subhead{\TeX\ and VAX/VMS}
+
+The \TeX\ source file used to generate this document is available for
+inspection on any VAX node that has \TeX ---
+just type `{\tt scroll tex\char'137 inputs:example.tex}'.
+A few steps are needed to print such a file:
+
+\item{(1)}
+Type `{\tt tex example}' to ``compile'' the file.
+(\TeX\ looks for a {\tt .tex} file by default. If it can't find the given
+file in your current directory it will look in {\tt tex\char'137 inputs}.)
+Two new files will be created in your current directory:
+{\tt example.dvi} and {\tt example.lis}.
+The former is a device independent description of the document;
+the latter is simply a log of the \TeX\ run.
+
+{\parskip=0pt % temporarily turn off \parskip
+\item{(2)}
+Type `{\tt dvitovdu example}' to preview the document on a terminal screen.
+This program can be used to detect a variety of formatting problems,
+saving both time and paper.
+
+\item{(3)}
+Type `{\tt imprint example}' to print the document.
+(Note that the DVIto\kern-.15em VDU and IMPRINT commands
+accept a {\tt .dvi} file by default).
+
+} % restore \parskip
+
+Detailed help on all these commands is available on-line --- try typing
+`{\tt help tex}' to get started.
+
+\bye