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+%#!pdflatex
+%#BIBTEX bibtex econ-example
+% Filename: econ-example.tex
+% Author: Shiro Takeda
+% First-written: <2002/11/02>
+% Time-stamp: <2018-12-06 00:47:47 st>
+%
+% This document explains how to use econ.bst.
+
+%############################## Main #################################
+
+\documentclass[10pt]{article}
+
+%% Use natbib.sty.
+\usepackage{natbib}
+\usepackage{fancybox}
+\usepackage{mathpazo}
+\usepackage{url}
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+\usepackage{color}
+\definecolor{MyBrown}{rgb}{0.3,0,0}
+\definecolor{MyBlue}{rgb}{0,0,0.3}
+\definecolor{MyRed}{rgb}{0.4,0,0.1}
+\definecolor{MyGreen}{rgb}{0,0.4,0}
+\usepackage[bookmarks=true,bookmarksnumbered=true,colorlinks=true,linkcolor=MyBlue,citecolor=MyRed,filecolor=MyBlue,urlcolor=MyGreen]{hyperref}
+
+\setlength{\topmargin}{-15pt}
+\setlength{\textheight}{638pt}
+\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{25pt}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{420pt}
+
+\makeatletter
+
+\newenvironment{Frame}%
+{\setlength{\fboxsep}{15pt}
+\setlength{\mylength}{\linewidth}%
+\addtolength{\mylength}{-2\fboxsep}%
+\addtolength{\mylength}{-2\fboxrule}%
+\Sbox
+\minipage{\mylength}%
+\setlength{\abovedisplayskip}{0pt}%
+\setlength{\belowdisplayskip}{0pt}%
+}%
+{\endminipage\endSbox
+\[\fbox{\TheSbox}\]}
+
+\newcommand{\bysameline}{\hskip.3em \leavevmode\rule[.5ex]{3em}{.3pt}\hskip0.5em}
+
+%% Define \BibTeX command
+\def\BibTeX{{\rm B\kern-.05em{\sc i\kern-.025em b}\kern-.08em
+ T\kern-.1667em\lower.7ex\hbox{E}\kern-.125emX}}
+\makeatother
+
+%%% title, author, acknowledgement, and date
+\title{\texttt{econ.bst}:\\
+\BibTeX{} style for economics\\
+(for ver. 2.4)
+\thanks{\texttt{econ.bst} is available at
+\url{https://github.com/ShiroTakeda/econ-bst}}
+}
+
+\author{Shiro Takeda\thanks{email: {\ttfamily shiro.takeda@gmail.com}.}}
+\date{\today}
+
+%#####################################################################
+%######################### Document Starts ###########################
+%#####################################################################
+\begin{document}
+
+%%% Title
+\maketitle
+
+\newlength{\mylength}
+\setlength{\fboxsep}{15pt}
+\setlength{\mylength}{\linewidth}
+\addtolength{\mylength}{-2\fboxsep}
+\addtolength{\mylength}{-2\fboxrule}
+
+%%% Table of contents.
+\tableofcontents
+
+%########################## Text Starts ##############################
+
+\setlength{\baselineskip}{16pt}
+
+\section{Main features}
+
+``\texttt{econ.bst}'' is a \BibTeX{} style file. It provids the following
+features:
+\begin{Frame}
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item The author-year type citation (you need ``\texttt{natbib.sty}'' as well).
+ \item Reference style used in economics papers.
+ \item Highly customizable. You can easily customize reference style as you
+ wish.
+ \item You can use ``\textit{certified random order}'' proposed by
+ \href{http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20161492}{\citet[][AER]{10.1257/aer.20161492}}.
+ \end{itemize}
+\end{Frame}
+
+\textbf{The third feature is the key characteristic of ``\texttt{econ.bst}''.}
+
+\section{How to use ``\texttt{econ.bst}''}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+ \item ``\texttt{econ.bst}'' requires ``\texttt{natbib.sty}''.
+ If ``\texttt{natbib.sty}'' is not installed in your \TeX{} system, you must
+ install it first.
+ \item Put ``\texttt{econ.bst}'' file somewhere under the directory (folder)
+ ``\texttt{/texmf/bibtex/bst}''. Or you can place ``\texttt{econ.bst}'' at
+ the same directory as the \TeX{} file you are editting.
+ \item You may need to change the character code of ``\texttt{econ.bst}''
+ according to your \TeX system.
+ \item See ``\texttt{econ-example.tex}'' for an example tex file.
+ \item For \BibTeX{} in general, see, for example,
+ \href{https://www.economics.utoronto.ca/osborne/latex/BIBTEX.HTM}{Using
+ BibTeX: a short guide} by Martin J. Osborne.
+\end{itemize}
+
+
+\subsection{Preparing a tex file}
+
+In the tex file you are editting, you first need to load \texttt{natbib}
+package.
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\usepackage{natbib}
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+In the main text, you can cite bibliographic entries by \verb|\citet|
+command.
+
+For example, ``\verb|\citet{Takeda2011b}| is my paper'' generates the output like
+\begin{Frame}
+\citet{Takeda2011b} is my paper.
+\end{Frame}
+
+At the place where you want to add ``the reference part'', you have to set the
+bibliography style (\texttt{econ.bst}) and database (\texttt{econ-example.bib}) like
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\bibliographystyle{econ}
+\bibliography{econ-example}
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+
+\section{Customization}
+
+``\texttt{econ.bst}'' defines many functions which have names like
+``\texttt{bst.xxx.yyy}''. You can easily customize the reference style by
+changing the contents of these functions.
+
+\subsection{Notes on customization}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+ \item Customization here is customization of the reference part. Style
+ in the citation part mainly depends on a style file for citation
+ (``\texttt{natbib.sty}'').
+ \item Except for some cases, customization here cannot change order
+ of fields (order of author, year, title etc.)
+ \item Functions with ``\texttt{.pre}'' define strings attached to the start
+ of the field and functions with ``\texttt{.post}'' define strings
+ attached to the end of field. For exmple,
+ ``\texttt{bst.author.pre}'' defines strings attached before author.
+ \item You can change order of entries (references). It will be
+ explained in Section \ref{sec:sort_rule}.
+ \item In a bst file, integer (e.g. 0, 1, 2) is represented as \verb|#0|, \verb|#1| , \verb|#2|.
+\end{itemize}
+
+\subsection{Examples of customization}
+
+\subsubsection{Change delimiter used to separate mutiple author names
+ from ``and'' to ``\&''.}
+
+For this, change the contents of ``\texttt{bst.and}'' and ``\texttt{bst.ands}''.
+\paragraph{Default definition:}
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.and}
+{ " and " }
+FUNCTION {bst.ands}
+{ ", and " }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+\paragraph{New definition:}
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.and}
+{ " \& " }
+FUNCTION {bst.ands}
+{ " \& " }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+Then, author names in reference part are displayed as follows:
+\begin{center}
+Fujita, Masahisa, Paul~R. Krugman, and Anthony~J. Venables \\
+ $\downarrow$ \\
+Fujita, Masahisa, Paul~R. Krugman \& Anthony~J. Venables
+\end{center}
+
+See ``\texttt{econ-b.bst}'' for an example.
+
+\subsubsection{Make author to small caps style}
+
+For this, change the contents of ``\texttt{bst.author.pre}'' and ``\texttt{bst.author.post}''.
+\paragraph{Default definition:}
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.author.pre}
+{ "" }
+FUNCTION {bst.author.post}
+{ "" }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+\paragraph{New definition:}
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.author.pre}
+{ "\textsc{" }
+FUNCTION {bst.author.post}
+{ "}" }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+Then, author names in reference part are changed as follows:
+\begin{center}
+Fujita, Masahisa, Paul~R. Krugman, and Anthony~J. Venables \\
+ $\downarrow$ \\
+\textsc{Fujita, Masahisa, Paul~R. Krugman, and Anthony~J. Venables}
+\end{center}
+
+See ``\texttt{econ-b.bst}'' for an example.
+
+\subsubsection{Change the style of volume and number}
+
+For this, change the contents of ``\texttt{bst.volume.pre}'',
+``\texttt{bst.volume.post}'', ``\texttt{bst.number.pre}'' and
+``\texttt{bst.number.post}''.
+
+\paragraph{Default definition:}
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.volume.pre}
+{ ", Vol. " }
+FUNCTION {bst.volume.post}
+{ "" }
+FUNCTION {bst.number.pre}
+{ ", No. " }
+FUNCTION {bst.number.post}
+{ "" }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+\paragraph{New definition:}
+\begin{Frame}
+ \begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.volume.pre}
+{ ", \textbf{" }
+FUNCTION {bst.volume.post}
+{ "}" }
+FUNCTION {bst.number.pre}
+{ " (" }
+FUNCTION {bst.number.post}
+{ ")" }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+By this, the style of volume and number change from ``Vol. 5, No. 10''
+to ``\textbf{5} (10)''. See ``\texttt{econ-b.bst}'' for an example.
+
+
+\subsubsection{Abbreviation of author name}
+
+By default, when there are mutiple documents of the same author, author
+name except for the first document is abbreviated by \verb|\bysame|
+command (i.e. \bysameline).
+
+If you want to always show author name for all documents, change the
+content of ``\texttt{bst.use.bysame}'' as follows:
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.use.bysame}
+{ #0 }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+In the default setting (`\texttt{bst.use.bysame}' is set to \#1), author names
+are abbreviated when they are exactly the same. For example, suppose that there
+are the following entries
+\begin{itemize}
+ \item Mazda, A., Subaru, B., and Honda, C., (2011) "ABC"
+ \item Mazda, A., Subaru, B., and Honda, C., (2011) "DEF"
+ \item Mazda, A., Subaru, B., and Toyota, D., (2011) "GHI"
+\end{itemize}
+\vspace*{1em}
+
+In the default setting, these entries are listed like
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{itemize}
+ \item Mazda, A., Subaru, B., and Honda, C., (2011) "ABC"
+ \item \bysameline, (2011) "DEF"
+ \item Mazda, A., Subaru, B., and Toyota, D., (2011) "GHI"
+\end{itemize}
+\end{Frame}
+
+That is, the abbreviation of authors by `bysame' is only applied to
+entries with exactly the same authors.
+
+If you set \#2 to `bst.use.bysame' like
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.use.bysame}
+{ #2 }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+you can choose alternative abbreviation style like
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{itemize}
+ \item Mazda, A., Subaru, B., Honda, C., (2011) "ABC"
+ \item \bysameline, \bysameline, and \bysameline, (2011) "DEF"
+ \item \bysameline, \bysameline, and Toyota, D., (2011) "GHI"
+\end{itemize}
+\end{Frame}
+\vspace*{1em}
+
+See ``\texttt{econ-a.bst}'' and ``\texttt{econ-b.bst}'' for examples.
+
+
+\subsubsection{Order of first and last name in author field}
+
+``\texttt{bst.author.name}'' defines order of first and last name in author field.
+
+\paragraph{Default definition:}
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.author.name}
+{ #0 }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+If you change \verb|#0| to \verb|#1| or \verb|#2|, you can customize
+order of first and family name. For example, suppose author field is
+defined as follows:
+\begin{verbatim}
+ author = {Masahisa Fujita and Paul R. Krugman and Anthony J. Venables}
+\end{verbatim}
+
+According to the content of ``\texttt{bst.author.name}'', expression of
+author changes as follows:
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{itemize}
+ \item \verb|#0|: First author $\rightarrow$ last-first, other authors
+ $\rightarrow$ first-last.\\
+ $\rightarrow$ Fujita, Masahisa, Paul~R. Krugman, and
+ Anthony~J. Venables
+ \item \verb|#1|: All authos $\rightarrow$ last-first \\
+ $\rightarrow$ Fujita, Masahisa, Krugman, Paul~R., and Venables, Anthony~J.
+ \item \verb|#2|: All authors $\rightarrow$ first-last \\
+ $\rightarrow$ Masahisa Fujita, Paul~R. Krugman, and Anthony~J. Venables
+\end{itemize}
+\end{Frame}
+
+\subsubsection{First name in initial}
+
+By default, first name is displayed in full. If you change the content
+of ``\texttt{bst.first.name.initial}'' to non-zero, first name is displayed
+in initial. For example,
+\begin{center}
+Fujita, Masahisa, Paul~R. Krugman, and Anthony~J. Venables \\
+ $\downarrow$ \\
+Fujita, M., P.~R. Krugman, and A.~J. Venables
+\end{center}
+
+See ``\texttt{econ-a.bst}'' for an exmpale.
+
+\subsubsection{Decapitalize letters in title field}
+
+Suppose that the title field is defined as follows
+\begin{center}
+ \verb| title = {Econometric Policy Evaluation: A Critique}|
+\end{center}
+
+Then, title is displayed in reference as follows:
+\begin{center}
+ Econometric Policy Evaluation: A Critique
+\end{center}
+
+If you change the content of ``\texttt{bst.title.lower.case}'' to
+non-zero, letters except the first letter are decapitalized. That is,
+you get the following expression in reference:
+\begin{center}
+ Econometric policy evaluation: A critique
+\end{center}
+
+See ``\texttt{econ-a.bst}'' for an exmpale.
+
+
+\subsubsection{Number index before documents in reference}
+
+You can put the number index to each documents as in
+``\texttt{plain.bst}''. For this, change the content of
+``\texttt{bst.use.number.index}'' to non-zero.
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.use.number.index}
+ { #1 }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+If you use fonts other than computer modern fonts, you had better adjust
+the contents of functions ``\texttt{bst.number.index.xxx.yyy}''.
+
+See ``\texttt{econ-b.bst}'' for an exmpale.
+
+
+\subsubsection{List old references first}
+
+By default, references written by the same author are listed in
+chronological order (old documents are listed first). If you change the
+contents of ``\texttt{bst.reverse.year}'' to non-zero, the order is
+reversed.
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.reverse.year}
+{ #1 }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+\subsubsection{Change the position of year}
+
+By default, year is always displayed right after author name. You can
+change the place of year by setting other values to
+``\texttt{bst.year.position}''.
+\\
+
+If non-zero set to ``\texttt{bst.year.position}'', year is placed
+\begin{itemize}
+ \item at the end of line if there is no ``\texttt{note}'' field,
+ \item and before ``\texttt{note}'' field if there is.
+\end{itemize}
+for non-article type entry.
+
+With respect to aritcle type entry, the following rule is applied:
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{enumerate}
+ \item \verb|#1|: $\rightarrow$ year is placed at the end (before note field).
+ \item \verb|#2|: $\rightarrow$ year is placed after journal name.
+ \item \verb|#3|: $\rightarrow$ year is placed after volume.
+\end{enumerate}
+\end{Frame}
+
+For example, reference style changes as follows:
+\begin{description}
+ \item[\#0: ] Mazda, A. and B. Subaru, 2007, ``ABC,'' \textit{Journal of Automobiles}, Vol. 1, pp. 1-10.
+ \item[\#1: ] Mazda, A. and B. Subaru, ``ABC,'' \textit{Journal of Automobiles}, Vol. 1, pp. 1-10, 2007.
+ \item[\#2: ] Mazda, A. and B. Subaru, ``ABC,'' \textit{Journal of Automobiles}, 2007, Vol. 1, pp. 1-10.
+ \item[\#3: ] Mazda, A. and B. Subaru, ``ABC,'' \textit{Journal of Automobiles}, Vol. 1, 2007, pp. 1-10.
+\end{description}
+
+See ``\texttt{econ-a.bst}'' and ``\texttt{econ-b.bst}'' for exmpales.
+
+
+\subsubsection{Order of editors and book title in incollection and inproceedings entry}
+
+By default, editor name comes before book title in incollection and
+inproceedings entry. You can reverse this order by
+setting non-zero to `bst.editor.btitle.order' like
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.editor.btitle.order}
+{ #1 }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+
+\begin{Frame}
+Krugman, Paul~R. (1991) ``Is Bilateralism Bad?'' in Elhanan Helpman and Assaf
+ Razin eds. {\it International Trade and Trade Policy}, Cambridge, MA: MIT
+ Press, pp. 9--23.
+\begin{center}
+ $\downarrow$
+\end{center}
+Krugman, Paul~R. (1991) ``Is Bilateralism Bad?'' in {\it International Trade
+and Trade Policy} eds. by Elhanan Helpman and Assaf Razin, Cambridge, MA:
+MIT Press, pp. 9--23.
+\end{Frame}
+
+\subsubsection{Order of address and publisher}
+
+By default, publisher address is placed before publisher name. You can
+reverse this order by setting non-zero to `bst.address.position'.
+\begin{Frame}
+Krugman, Paul~R. (1991) ``Is Bilateralism Bad?'' in Elhanan Helpman and
+ Assaf Razin eds. {\it International Trade and Trade Policy},
+ Cambridge, MA, MIT Press, pp. 9--23.
+\begin{center}
+ $\downarrow$
+\end{center}
+Krugman, Paul~R. (1991) ``Is Bilateralism Bad?'' in Elhanan Helpman and Assaf
+ Razin eds. {\it International Trade and Trade Policy}, MIT Press,
+ Cambridge, MA, pp. 9--23.
+\end{Frame}
+
+\subsection{Customization of citation part}
+
+We have so far seen the customization of reference part. ``\texttt{econ.bst}''
+also can change the styles of citation part although it is highly limited.
+
+\subsubsection{The number of authors for ``\textit{et al.}'' in citation part}
+
+With \texttt{natbib.sty}, you can cite a paper by both full names and
+abbreviated names. For example, by using command `\verb|\citet|' and
+`\verb|\citet*|', you can generate the following two styles.
+\begin{itemize}
+ \item Citation by full names: \\
+ \verb|\citet*{Takeda2011b}| $\longrightarrow$ \citet*{Takeda2011b}
+ \item Citation by abbreviated names: \\
+ \verb|\citet{Takeda2011b}| $\longrightarrow$ \citet{Takeda2011b}
+\end{itemize}
+
+By the default, author names more than three are abbreviated. But you can change
+the number of authors to which abbreviation is applied. For example, if you set
+\verb|#4| to `\texttt{bst.and.others.num}`, abbreviation is applied only to the
+entry with more than four authors.
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.and.others.num}
+{ #4 }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+\subsection{Customization of citation part by \texttt{natbib.sty}}
+
+The style of citation part is mainly controlled by \texttt{natbib.sty}. You can
+change the style of citation part by changing commands and options provided by
+\texttt{natbib.sty}.
+See the manual of \texttt{natbib.sty} for the details.
+\begin{itemize}
+ \item The manual of \texttt{natbib.sty}:
+ \href{http://ctan.math.utah.edu/ctan/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/natbib/natbib.pdf}{natbib.pdf}
+ \item The reference sheet of \texttt{natbib.sty}:
+ \href{http://mirror.las.iastate.edu/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/natbib/natnotes.pdf}{natnotex.pdf}
+\end{itemize}
+
+\subsubsection{Citation by number index}
+
+Here I show one customization of \texttt{natbib.sty} for citation style. With
+\texttt{natbib.sty}, we usually use ``author (year)'' citation format. However,
+we can use citation by numder index like [1], [2], [3]...
+
+To use this style, you first need to load \texttt{natbib} package with option
+``\texttt{numbers}''
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\usepackage[numbers]{natbib}
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+In addition, you need to use \texttt{citep} command in the citation part like
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\citep{Takeda2011b}
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+See ``\texttt{econ-numbers.tex}'' and ``\texttt{econ-numbers.pdf}'' for an example.
+
+\section{Certified random order}
+\label{sec:cro}
+
+\subsection{What is ``certified random order''?}
+
+The ordering of author names in joint publications in economics is typically
+alphabetical. However, alphabetical order has its shortcomings; in particular,
+it confers greater benefits on the first author.\footnote{See
+\citet{10.1257/aer.20161492} for the details.} This can happen for various
+reasons, including the use of the ``et al.'' convention, the bunching of
+bibliographic references for early-ordered names in reference lists, and the
+psychological focus on first authors.
+
+\citet{10.1257/aer.20161492} propose ``certified random order,'' in which names
+are separated by a symbol, \textcircled{r}, that certifies or signals that the
+author names are in random order. In particular, the symbol permits authors to
+``certify'' that a reverse name order is only due to randomization, and avoids
+the usual interpretation of name reversal in economics.
+
+``\texttt{econ.bst}'' can handle references to papers in random order. Examples
+of such papers in this document are \citet{10.1257/aer.20161492},
+\citet{RePEc:hka:wpaper:2018-037}, \citet{vohra18:_maxim_farsig_stabl_set},
+\citet{NBERw25205}.
+
+
+\subsection{How to cite papers in certified random order}
+
+To cite papers in certified random order with ``\texttt{econ.bst}'', you must
+flag those entries in the bib file. To achieve this, ``\texttt{econ.bst}''
+contains the field ``\texttt{nameorder}''. If the bibliographical entry uses
+random order, add the following information to that entry:
+\begin{verbatim}
+ nameorder = {random}
+\end{verbatim}
+
+For intance, the entry for \citet{10.1257/aer.20161492} is specified in
+\texttt{econ-example.bib} as follows:
+\begin{verbatim}
+@article{10.1257/aer.20161492,
+ Author = {Ray, Debraj and Robson, Arthur},
+ Title = {Certified Random: A New Order for Coauthorship},
+ Journal = {American Economic Review},
+ Volume = {108},
+ Number = {2},
+ Year = {2018},
+ Month = {February},
+ Pages = {489-520},
+ DOI = {10.1257/aer.20161492},
+ URL = {http://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.20161492},
+ nameorder = {random}
+}
+\end{verbatim}
+
+\noindent \textbf{[Notes]} \\
+1. The field ``nameorder'' is currently unique to \texttt{econ.bst} and it
+is not a field used in bibliography databases (at least for now).
+
+\noindent 2. ``\texttt{econ.bst}'' does not itself randomize the order of
+names. It simply cites an existing reference in random order, as the authors
+intend it to be cited.
+\vspace*{1em}
+
+
+With the ``nameorder'' field in place, there is nothing else you need to change,
+and you can cite bibliographic entries as before. For example, the command
+\verb|\citet{10.1257/aer.20161492}| will generate the citation
+\citet{10.1257/aer.20161492} in the text, and the following entry in the
+references:
+
+\begin{quote}
+Ray, Debraj \textcircled{r} Arthur Robson (2018) ``Certified Random: A New Order
+for Coauthorship,'' \textit{American Economic Review}, Vol. 108, No. 2,
+pp. 489--520, URL: \url{http://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.20161492},
+DOI: \href{http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20161492}{10.1257/aer.20161492}.
+\end{quote}
+
+Under the random order style, an entry with two authors is cited as already
+described: \citet{10.1257/aer.20161492}. On the other hand, an entry with more
+than two authors has two citation styles, depending on whether all names are
+cited in full, or the citation is abbreviated:
+\begin{itemize}
+ \item All-names citation $\longrightarrow$ \citet*{NBERw25205}
+ \item Abbreviated citation $\longrightarrow$ \citet{NBERw25205}
+\end{itemize}
+
+Note that in the abbreviated names style, \textcircled{r} is used instead of
+``et''. Think of \textcircled{r} as a conjunction just as ``and'' or ``but''. In
+verbal citations, it would be pronounced just as the letter ``r'' is pronounced.
+
+\subsection{Customization for certified random order}
+
+The behavior of random order is controlled by the following functions:
+`\texttt{bst.use.nameorder}', `\texttt{bst.and.nameorder}',
+`\texttt{bst.cite.and.nameorder}' and `\texttt{bst.and.others.nameorder}'.
+\vspace*{1em}
+
+Under the default setting of ``\texttt{econ.bst}'', random order is
+automatically used for bibliographic entries with `\texttt{nameorder}' field.
+However, if you set \verb|#0| to `\texttt{bst.use.nameorder}' as follows, the
+function of random order is not used.
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.use.nameorder}
+{ #0 } % Not use random order
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+Under the default setting, the symbol ``\textcircled{r}''
+(\verb|\textcircled{r}|) is used. But you can use another symbol. If you want
+to use an alternative symbol, you need to change settings for
+`\texttt{bst.and.nameorder}', `\texttt{bst.cite.and.nameorder}' and
+`\texttt{bst.and.others.nameorder}'.
+
+
+\section{Sorting rule}
+\label{sec:sort_rule}
+
+\noindent \textbf{[Note]} If you want to create an ordinary list of
+references, you need not read this part. The explanation below is
+for sorting references in a special way.
+
+\subsection{Basic sorting rule}
+
+The sorting of references is done according to values of fields defined
+in bib files. Basically, sorting is done according to the following
+order of priority:
+\begin{enumerate}
+ \item Type of entry (if ``\texttt{bst.sort.entry.type}'' has non-zero value)
+ \item Value of ``\texttt{year}'' field (if ``\texttt{bst.sort.year}'' has non-zero value)
+ \item Value of ``\texttt{absorder}'' field.
+ \item Value of ``\texttt{author}'' (or ``\texttt{editor}'') field.
+ \item Value of ``\texttt{year}'' field.
+ \item Value of ``\texttt{order}'' field.
+ \item Value of ``\texttt{month}'' field.
+ \item Value of ``\texttt{title}'' field.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+By default,
+\begin{itemize}
+ \item ``\texttt{bst.sort.entry.type}'' and ``\texttt{bst.sort.year}'' have
+ zero,
+ \item \textbf{''\texttt{absorder}''} and \textbf{''\texttt{order}''}
+ fields are not assigned values because they are fields specific
+ to ``\texttt{econ.bst}''.
+\end{itemize}
+Thus, references are sorted according to
+\begin{Frame}
+ \begin{center}
+ ``\texttt{author}'' $\rightarrow$ ``\texttt{year}'' $\rightarrow$
+ ``\texttt{month}'' $\rightarrow$ ``\texttt{title}''
+\end{center}
+\end{Frame}
+That is, ``\texttt{author}'' is used as the primary key, ``\texttt{year}'' as
+the secondary key, ``\texttt{month}'' as the third key and ``\texttt{title}'' as
+the fourth key.
+
+\subsection{No sorting}
+
+If you want to list references in citation order, set non-zero value to
+``\texttt{bst.no.sort}''.
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.no.sort}
+{ #1 }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+Note that when you set non-zero value to ``\texttt{bst.no.sort}'', you had better not
+use \verb|\bysame|.
+
+\subsection{Sort references by type}
+
+If you want to gather references according to their types (article,
+book, incollection, unpublished etc.), set non-zero value to
+``\texttt{bst.sort.entry.type}''.
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.sort.entry.type}
+{ #1 }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+Order of listing by entry type is determined by function
+``\texttt{bst.sort.entry.type.order}'' (by default, listed in alphabetical
+order, that is, article $\rightarrow$ book $\rightarrow$ booklet
+$\rightarrow$ comment $\rightarrow$ inbook $\rightarrow$ incollection
+$\rightarrow$ $\cdots$ $\rightarrow$ unpublished). See
+``\texttt{bst.sort.entry.type.order}'' in ``\texttt{econ.bst}''.
+
+\subsection{Use ``\texttt{year}'' as the primary sorting key}
+
+When you create CV or a list of your papers, you may want to sort
+references in chronological order. If all papers are written soley by
+yourself, references are sorted in chronological order by default.
+However, there are co-writers and if you are not the first author,
+references are not sorted in chronological order because the author name
+is used as the primary sorting key by default.
+If you want to sort references in chronological order even when
+there are co-writers, set non-zero to ``\texttt{bst.sort.year}''.
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.sort.year}
+{ #1 }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+By default, old references are listed first. But if you set non-zero to
+``\texttt{bst.reverse.year}'', new references are listed first.
+
+\subsection{Sorting by ''\texttt{absorder}'' field}
+
+If ``\texttt{absorder}'' is defined in bib file,
+``\texttt{econ.bst}'' uses its content as the primary sorting key.
+You can set number 0--999 to ''\texttt{absorder}'' field.
+
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{center}
+ no absorder or absorder = 0 $\rightarrow$ absorder = 1 $\rightarrow$ absorder = 2
+ $\rightarrow$ $\cdots$ $\rightarrow$ absorder = 999
+\end{center}
+\end{Frame}
+That is, reference with a small value of ``\texttt{absorder}'' is listed
+first. In this document (``\texttt{econ-example.bib}''), the reference
+with the key \citet{takeda10:_cge_analy_welfar_effec_trade} has 999 for
+``\texttt{absorder}'' field and thus listed in the last.
+
+
+\subsubsection{Ignore ''\texttt{absorder}'' field}
+
+If you set some values for ``\texttt{absorder}'' fields in bib file,
+but if you want to ignore them, set non-zero to
+``\texttt{bst.notuse.absorder.field}''.
+\begin{Frame}
+\begin{verbatim}
+FUNCTION {bst.notuse.absorder.field}
+{ #1 }
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{Frame}
+
+\section{Misc.}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+ \item Email: \verb|<shiro.takeda@gmail.com>|.
+ \item ``\texttt{econ.bst}'' is available at \url{https://github.com/ShiroTakeda/econ-bst}.
+\end{itemize}
+\vspace*{1em}
+
+\citet{borgers95:_note_implem_stron_domin},
+\citet{bergemann11:_ration},
+\citet{takeda2011c},
+\citet{Takeda2011b},
+\citet{Biker-2007-unemployment},
+\citet{Babiker-1999-JapaneseNuclearPower},
+\citet{Babiker-1999-KyotoProtocoland},
+\citet{Babiker2000525},
+\citet{BabikerRutherford-2005-EconomicEffectsof},
+\citet{goldin:katz:2011}, \citet{goldin:katz:2008}, \citet{goldin:katz:2000}.
+\citet{stakeda2013web}
+\vspace*{1em}
+
+\nocite{*}
+
+%%% BibTeX style.
+\bibliographystyle{econ}
+
+%% BibTeX database file.
+\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{References}
+\bibliography{econ-example}
+
+\end{document}
+
+%#####################################################################
+%######################### Document Ends #############################
+%#####################################################################
+% --------------------
+% Local Variables:
+% fill-column: 80
+% End:
+