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author | Norbert Preining <norbert@preining.info> | 2019-09-02 13:46:59 +0900 |
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committer | Norbert Preining <norbert@preining.info> | 2019-09-02 13:46:59 +0900 |
commit | e0c6872cf40896c7be36b11dcc744620f10adf1d (patch) | |
tree | 60335e10d2f4354b0674ec22d7b53f0f8abee672 /usergrps/uktug/baskervi/5_2/hypertex.tex |
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diff --git a/usergrps/uktug/baskervi/5_2/hypertex.tex b/usergrps/uktug/baskervi/5_2/hypertex.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..cee201f9f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/usergrps/uktug/baskervi/5_2/hypertex.tex @@ -0,0 +1,157 @@ +\documentclass[11pt]{artikel3} +\usepackage{shortvrb,faq,t1enc} +\pagestyle{empty} +\advance\textwidth by 2cm +\advance\oddsidemargin by -1cm +\advance\textheight by 2cm +\advance\topmargin by -1cm +\renewcommand{\rmdefault}{mbv} +\begin{document} +\sloppy +\MakeShortVerb{+} +\def\HT{Hyper\-\TeX} +\def\XHDVI{\emph{Xhdvi}} +\begin{center} +\Large +\bfseries The \HT\ project\\[6pt] +\itshape Arthur Smith\\ +\large \upshape\mdseries (edited by Sebastian Rahtz) +\end{center} + +\subsection*{Introduction} + +The past year has seen a revolution in the processes of +Internet-based information navigation and retrieval with the +advent of easy-to-use graphical browsers (in particular Mosaic) +based on the World-Wide-Web (WWW). The revolution is a result of two +components. First, the browsers allow a near-uniform (point-and-click +or other method) access to documents in almost any format +and from almost any Internet-based +source; along with this the Universal +Resource Locator (URL) mechanism provides +a surprisingly easy and uniform way to specify the location of any +document on the net. Second, for certain classes of documents +(html files, or gopher text files) embedded URL's or other +addresses are understood to refer to other, external, documents which can +be followed according to the interests of the person viewing the +document, producing an interconnected web of documents. + +The goal of the \HT{} collaboration is to extend this second +privileged class of documents to include documents based on \TeX{}, +the word-processing language of choice for mathematical and scientific +writing, thus fully incorporating \TeX{} documents into the burgeoning +\textbf{web} of information on the internet. The \HT{} introductory +document is at \URL|http://xxx.lanl.gov/hypertex/|. + +\subsection*{How does it work?} + +The underlying element of our implementation of \HT{} is the use +of a \TeX{} macro that bypasses the \TeX{} interpretation process and +sends a message directly to the \emph{dvi} interpreter that processes \TeX{} +output, via the +\special+ command. The original \HT{} specification (due +to Paul Ginsparg, Tanmoy Bhattacharya, and me) uses the initial +characters \emph{html:} to denote \HT{} elements in an HTML-like +style. After the initial \emph{html:} string, the specification is identical +to a restricted form of HTML. The five arguments we have added to +the command are: + +\begin{description} +\item[href:] +html:<a href = "href_string">+ +\item[name:] +html:<a name = "name_string">+ +\item[end:] +html:</a>+ +\item[image:] +html:<img src = "href_string">+ +\item[base\_name:] +html:<base href = "href_string">+ +\end{description} + +The \emph{href}, \emph{name} and \emph{end} commands are used to do +the basic hypertext operations of establishing links between sections +of documents. The \emph{image} command is intended (as with current +html viewers) to eventually place an image of arbitrary graphical +format on the page in the current location. Currently for \XHDVI, +\emph{image} brings up an external viewer with the image, if such +a viewer is available. The \emph{base\_name} +command should be used to communicate +to the \emph{dvi} viewer the full (URL) location of the current document so that +files specified by relative URL's may be retrieved correctly. + +The href and name commands must be paired with an end command later in +the \TeX{} file --- the \TeX{} commands between the two ends of a pair +form an \emph{anchor} in the document. In the case of an +\href+ +command, the \emph{anchor} is to be highlighted in the \emph{dvi} viewer, and +when clicked on will cause the scene to shift to the destination +specified by \emph{href\_string}. The \emph{anchor} associated with a +name command represents a possible location to which other hypertext +links may refer, either as local references (of the form +\texttt{href="\#name\_string"} with the \emph{name\_string} +identical to the one in the name command) or as part of a URL (of the +form \emph{URL\#name\_string}). Here \emph{href\_string} is a valid +URL or local identifier, while name\_string could be any string at +all: the only caveat is that `+"+' characters should be escaped with a +backslash (+\+), and if it looks like a URL name it may cause +problems. + +Because this html-based naming scheme is somewhat unwieldy, although +very general, Tanmoy Bhattacharya (\Email|tanmoy@qcd.lanl.gov|) has +written several collections of \TeX{} macros to simplify things. The +packages are in \URL|http://nqcd.lanl.gov/people/tanmoy/hypertex/|. An +alternative \LaTeXe\ package is |hyperref|, by Sebastian Rahtz and +Yannis Haralambous, which is available on CTAN as +\path|macros/latex/contrib/supported/hyperref|. This has additional +functionality for conversion to PDF. + +\subsection*{How do I use it?} + +There are currently three \emph{dvi} interpreters that understand the +\HT{} +\special+s: \XHDVI{} for X windows, HyperTeXView.app for +NextStep, and +dvihps+, a version of +dvips+ that understands \HT{} +and puts +pdfmark+ commands in the output for Adobe's Distiller to +process. For a \TeX{} document that has already been processed to a +\emph{dvi} file with \HT{} elements, viewing the internal hypertext is +almost trivial --- you just fire up the \emph{dvi} previewer and +navigate by button clicks. + +The software available is: + +1. A \HT{} viewer based on xdvi-18, modified by Arthur Smith. +\URL|ftp://snorri.chem.washington.edu/hypertex/xhdvi_0.6.tar.Z| + +2. HyperTeXview.app, + courtesy of Dmitri Linde (also the author of InstantTeX.app) for + NextStep, precompiled for Motorola and Intel-based NeXT + machines. See \verb|http://xxx.lanl.gov/hypertex/index.html#dvi| + for availability. + +3. \emph{dvihps}, from Mark Doyle, converts the \HT{} commands to a form +which can be processed by Acrobat Distiller. See the \HT{} WEB +home page for location. Other PostScript interpreters are free to +pick up the \emph{pdfm} operators as well. For instance, Tanmoy has +hacked Ghostview to pick up the links and make them active. This +can be found at +\URL|http://nqcd.lanl.gov/people/tanmoy/hypertex/ghostview-1.5-hacked.tar.gz|. + +Here is where the power of \TeX's macro capabilities appears. +A working internal hypertext document can be made from a \LaTeX\ +document with a one-line addition to the file, using one of the +hypertex macro packages. These convert the standard \LaTeX\ markup +into hypertext links between the different sections of the document, +so that references to equations, tables, footnotes, and section +headings are in place, and bibliographic references and figures +refer to the bibliography entry or figure caption. + +The macros developed thus far use standard naming conventions +for the underlying structures in \LaTeX\ and other standard +macro packages, so that appending \#equation.2.3, \#page.7, +\#figure.4, \#table.2, etc. to the URL for any \TeX{} file processed +with these packages will go to the right place, allowing +easy hypertext reference to the internal structure of other +documents. + +\subsection*{How do I stay in contact?} +The Hypertex discussion group is +a mailing list based at \FTP|snorri.chem.washington.edu| which I +maintain. Send me e-mail (\Email|asmith@mammoth.chem.washington.edu|) +if you want to join the list, or send queries directly to the mailing +list: \Email|hypertex@snorri.chem.washington.edu|. +\DeleteShortVerb{+} + +\end{document} |