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author | Norbert Preining <norbert@preining.info> | 2019-09-02 13:46:59 +0900 |
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committer | Norbert Preining <norbert@preining.info> | 2019-09-02 13:46:59 +0900 |
commit | e0c6872cf40896c7be36b11dcc744620f10adf1d (patch) | |
tree | 60335e10d2f4354b0674ec22d7b53f0f8abee672 /language/typingtex/ascii-on-the-macintosh_system7.doc |
Initial commit
Diffstat (limited to 'language/typingtex/ascii-on-the-macintosh_system7.doc')
-rw-r--r-- | language/typingtex/ascii-on-the-macintosh_system7.doc | 153 |
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diff --git a/language/typingtex/ascii-on-the-macintosh_system7.doc b/language/typingtex/ascii-on-the-macintosh_system7.doc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0beaf1da2f --- /dev/null +++ b/language/typingtex/ascii-on-the-macintosh_system7.doc @@ -0,0 +1,153 @@ + + + *** ASCII-on-the-Mac.doc *** + + + When the Macintosh stoops to converse with the rest +of the world on the email (= electronic mail) network the +Macintosh user has to adapt to the old ASCII system +(=American Standard for Computer Information Interchange of 1963). +Since, on the Macintosh, ASCII is neither clearly delimited +nor optimally implemented, some learning and adaptation on +the part of the user is required. The following comments +may help. + + Leaving aside details of little interest, one can say +that under the ASCII regime the Mac user is simply required +to use only TEXT files and therein use only the characters + + 9 (tab), 13 (carriage return), 32 (space) + and 33 -- 126, which are : + !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ + ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_` + abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~ + +Roughly speaking, these are the common unaccented caracters +and diacritics of American typewriters the early 20th +century. Unfortunately there are problems: + + (A) The following common diacritics are not ASCII and +must not be used although they may be marked on the keyboard: + + section (= \S in TeX) + degree + dieresis + pound sign + yen + + + (B) The following ASCII characters are often somewhat +inaccessible (depending on your Mac model and software!) + + \ | @ # + +You do well to hunt them down and mark them somehow. + + (C) The following characters are marked but on +"dead-keys" (=keys that give bo result on first being struck) + ` ^ ~ and perhaps ' " + +On early Macs the dead keys were typed by double-striking +them. From the coming of the ADB (=Apple Desktop Bus) +keyboards in 1987(?), dead keys became spooky; the +double strike to obtain the dead-key character was +invalidated and replaced by the dead-key followed by +spacebar. For many users that takes twice as long as the +original double strike. + + In 1988 Fabien Samuel wrote at my request a low level +system patch (for the KeyTrans ROM routine) to restore the +original behavior of dead-keys. It comes in the form of an +INIT file called KeyTransPatchInit to be put in your system +folder. It is given immediately below in binhex coded +form. Put the binhex code and preamble in a TEXT file on +the Mac and decode with BinHeX or CompactPro or Stuffit +to obtain the INIT file. + +(This file must be converted with BinHex 4.0) +:(%YPH94bB@jc8'&dBfK*EQPd+'4PB@3YDf9jFbN!58j*9%CK8f%K!!!!!!!!!!2 +-%1d!!!!!!3!!!!-"!!!#!3!!!-[!!B!2i!'!(r!"J"ji!B!m2!'!1"`"J(!i!B" +`1!'!i"a,CAP8FQ&ZFe"KG'0S5@jTG#KNC@&N,@YPHA-T,3)!!!"*6NP84Q&6B5! +!rmF!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!+,YU3d!!!!!!!!$c)!!!!+!!!!#J!!!!S+ +UUS+!!!!#L!!!)S!!!!+)!!!LJ!!!!SJ!!#+!!!!#L!!!)S!!!!+)!!!LJ!!!!SJ +!!#+!!!!#L!!!)S!!!!*rrrrm!!!!J!$rr`!"rrq!!rrr`!Iqrq!2r(r`(qaRq$r +%4rara%Iqrd4(rrj%4rrq4%IrrN3!!!")B!3!!!!!)&mLAc!I)Km[#%j@!!")ja! +J*%P#J`J!!!GQ!LB53UF[!6m!,`NJH[r86T!!,9m!##)$C`BN[!!!!!"-h`3)6Pj +1G3!!!!3!!!")!!!"!2rrrrq!!!!"[R2[4D+)L%@LL)Kp[[L)4D#)L%@JL)p&J!! +!!Irrrrq!!!!"QUUUUB!!!!'9999CJ!!!!CUUUUQ!!!!"KArr8B!!!!'!!!!"rrr +rri!!!!(rrrrrrrrrr`!rq!!!!i!!!!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!rrr +rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr +rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr!$r +i!!!$J!!!!3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!F4Q&6B3!!!!&'8N9'!!! +!!!#!5801)`!!!!!!J!!!!!G*6NP8!!!!!!!!0M!i!9S-3!3!DbT#Tbmm5h43-8* +RUD!LAb!*CaJ[#DQ5-$`"`k&')P%M5!!#-$`"`b"*S%G1G3!!!%"#5f9j9(*KER0 +3BA4MD#"*EQPd)#dJ3fp`HA*TCfKd)%CKBQPPEL"6B@eeC@`J-6Ni1#!J)#!J)#! +J)#!J)#!J!!!"!!!!!`%!!!)"!!!!b`!+JB`6'J!!!"`!UJ!'5h43-3!!!$TcHA0 +k!!!!4NP$6L-!!!"53Nj%6!!!!&j'8N9'!!!!DNCK8f%!!!"f58j*9!!!!))!!!! +!8!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1)!!!6!!!!!!!J2rr*!!!9!!!!!!!J2rr)!!"@!!!!!!!J2r +r!!!"H!!!!!!!!2rr)!!"[3!+JA`!!!!@%!!"J`!!!!!05f9j9(*KER03BA4MD!G +,G("6DATP#NYdF%PZFh4KE'bcL`: + + + There is still a minor bug or two in the patch; perhaps +someone will take up the challenge to fix it? + + With the above patch, the Mac on its own types and +displays ASCII reasonably well with almost any Mac prose font. +But the situation may take a turn for the worse once the Mac +is connected to the net. The "terminal program" often fails to +establish full ASCII communication between the Macintosh +and the host computer on the net. + + +NCSATelnet + + One bad example still widely used is the NCSATelnet program +(non-TCP form); it allows the Mac to be a Telnet node on a local +network, usually ethernet or Apple's Local Talk. The most +freindly versions seem to be 2.2 and 2.3. About ten ASCII +characters become inaccessible and have to be replaced by +command keys on the numerical keypad: Command 0, ... Command 9. + + The following seems a suitable arrangement + + 7 ` 8 < 9 > + + 4 { 5 | 6 } + + 1 ~ 2 # 3 \ + + 0 @ + +To retain these from one session to the next one should +add to the configuration file the following lines: + +key0= "@" +key1= "~" +key2= "#" +key3= "\\" +key4= "{" +key5= "|" +key6= "}" +key7= "`" +key8= "<" +key9= ">" + + This is just one terminal program of recent times. Expect +similar problems with others. That being so, the Mac user is +well advised to collect means that let him survive with a +crippled keyboard. The device of copying from and pasting to the +terminal program window is one of the most powerful. It permits +one to do essentially all typing and editing in one's favorite +text editor. + + Another helpful item is the KeyFinder desk accessory +available from sumex.stanford.edu. It lets one type with the +mouse. + + This collection of "helpful hints" for Macs in the ASCII +world is highly subjective. Readers are most welcome to suggest +useful additions. + + Larry S <lcs@matups.matups.fr> +
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