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authorNorbert Preining <norbert@preining.info>2019-09-02 13:46:59 +0900
committerNorbert Preining <norbert@preining.info>2019-09-02 13:46:59 +0900
commite0c6872cf40896c7be36b11dcc744620f10adf1d (patch)
tree60335e10d2f4354b0674ec22d7b53f0f8abee672 /language/hyphenation/lahyph.tex
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+%
+% ********** lahyph.tex *************
+%
+% Copyright 1999- 2001 Claudio Beccari
+% [latin hyphenation patterns]
+%
+% -----------------------------------------------------------------
+% IMPORTANT NOTICE:
+%
+% This program can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
+% of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN
+% archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt; either
+% version 1 of the License, or any later version.
+% -----------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+% Patterns for the latin language mainly in modern spelling
+% (u when u is needed and v when v is needed); medieval spelling
+% with the ligatures \ae and \oe and the (uncial) lowercase `v'
+% written as a `u' is also supported; apparently there is no conflict
+% between the patterns of modern Latin and those of medieval Latin.
+%
+% Support for font encoding OT1 with 128-character set and
+% for font encoding T1 with a 256-character set.
+%
+% Prepared by Claudio Beccari
+% Politecnico di Torino
+% Torino, Italy
+% e-mail beccari@polito.it
+%
+% 1999/03/10 Integration of `lahyph7.tex' and `lahyph8.tex' into
+% one file `lahyph.tex' supporting fonts in OT1 and T1 encoding by
+% Bernd Raichle using the macro code from `dehypht.tex' (this code
+% is Copyright 1993,1994,1998,1999 Bernd Raichle/DANTE e.V.).
+%
+%
+% \versionnumber{3.1} \versiondate{2007/04/16}
+%
+% Information after \endinput.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\message{Latin Hyphenation Patterns `lahyph' Version 3.1 <2007/04/16>}
+%
+%
+% Next we define some commands which are used inside the patterns.
+% To keep them local, we enclose the rest of the file in a group
+% (The \patterns command globally changes the hyphenation trie!).
+% These initial commands are by Bernd Raichle (see above)
+%
+\begingroup
+%
+% Make sure that doublequote is not active:
+\catcode`\"=12
+%
+%
+% Ligatures \ae and \oe in font encoding OT1
+%
+\catcode"1A=11 \lccode"1A="1A % \ae (^^Z)
+\catcode"1D=11 \lccode"1D="1D % \AE (^^]) (not used)
+\catcode"1B=11 \lccode"1B="1B % \oe (^^[)
+\catcode"1E=11 \lccode"1E="1E % \OE (^^^) (not used)
+%
+% Define \ae and \oe as shorthands for medieval latin
+% ligatures in font encoding OT1:
+\def\ae{^^Z}
+\def\oe{^^[}
+%
+%
+% Then we have to define some macros depending on the TeX version.
+% Therefore we have to distinguish TeX version 2.x and 3.x:
+%
+\ifnum`\@=`\^^40 % true => TeX 3.x
+ %
+ % For TeX 3:
+ % ----------
+ %
+ % Ligatures \ae and \oe in font encoding T1
+ %
+ \catcode"E6=11 \lccode"E6="E6 % \ae
+ \catcode"C6=11 \lccode"C6="E6 % \AE (not used)
+ \catcode"F7=11 \lccode"F7="F7 % \oe
+ \catcode"D7=11 \lccode"D7="F7 % \OE (not used)
+ %
+ % Ligatures \ae and \oe in font encoding T1 are ok:
+ \def\n#1{#1}
+ %
+ % In the following definitions we use ??xy instead of ^^xy
+ % to avoid errors when reading the macro definitions with
+ % TeX 2.x (remember ^^e(6) is the comment character):
+ %
+ \catcode`\?=7
+ %
+ % Define \a and \o to be \ae resp. \oe in font encoding T1:
+ \def\a{??e6} % \ae
+ \def\o{??f7} % \oe
+ %
+ \catcode`\?=12
+ %
+\else
+ %
+ % For TeX 2:
+ % ----------
+ %
+ % Ignore ligatures \ae and \oe in font encoding T1:
+ \def\n#1{}
+ %
+ % Define \a and \o (= \ae, \oe in font encoding T1) to
+ % signal an error:
+ \def\a{\errmessage{Hyphenation pattern file corrupted!}}
+ \def\o{\errmessage{Hyphenation pattern file corrupted!}}
+ %
+\fi
+%
+%
+\lccode`'=`'
+\patterns{%
+2'2
+.a2b3l
+.anti1 .anti3m2n
+.circu2m1
+.co2n1iun
+.di2s3cine
+.e2x1
+.o2b3 % .o2b3l .o2b3r .o2b3s
+.para1i .para1u
+.su2b3lu .su2b3r
+2s3que. 2s3dem.
+3p2sic
+3p2neu
+\ae1 \oe1 % Ligatures ae and oe (in OT1)
+\n{\a1} \n{\o1} % Ligatures ae and oe (in T1)
+a1ia a1ie a1io a1iu ae1a ae1o ae1u
+e1iu
+io1i
+o1ia o1ie o1io o1iu
+uo3u % quousque
+1b 2bb 2bd b2l 2bm 2bn b2r 2bt 2bs 2b.
+1c 2cc c2h2 c2l 2cm 2cn 2cq c2r 2cs 2ct 2cz 2c.
+1d 2dd 2dg 2dm d2r 2ds 2dv 2d.
+1f 2ff f2l 2fn f2r 2ft 2f.
+1g 2gg 2gd 2gf g2l 2gm g2n g2r 2gs 2gv 2g.
+1h 2hp 2ht 2h.
+1j
+1k 2kk k2h2
+1l 2lb 2lc 2ld 2lf l3f2t 2lg 2lk 2ll 2lm 2ln 2lp 2lq 2lr
+ 2ls 2lt 2lv 2l.
+1m 2mm 2mb 2mp 2ml 2mn 2mq 2mr 2mv 2m.
+1n 2nb 2nc 2nd 2nf 2ng 2nl 2nm 2nn 2np 2nq 2nr 2ns
+ n2s3m n2s3f 2nt 2nv 2nx 2n.
+1p p2h p2l 2pn 2pp p2r 2ps 2pt 2pz 2php 2pht 2p.
+1qu2
+1r 2rb 2rc 2rd 2rf 2rg r2h 2rl 2rm 2rn 2rp 2rq 2rr 2rs 2rt
+ 2rv 2rz 2r.
+1s2 2s3ph 2s3s 2stb 2stc 2std 2stf 2stg 2st3l 2stm 2stn 2stp 2stq
+ 2sts 2stt 2stv 2s. 2st.
+1t 2tb 2tc 2td 2tf 2tg t2h t2l t2r 2tm 2tn 2tp 2tq 2tt
+ 2tv 2t.
+1v v2l v2r 2vv
+1x 2xt 2xx 2x.
+1z 2z.
+% For medieval Latin
+a1ua a1ue a1ui a1uo a1uu
+e1ua e1ue e1ui e1uo e1uu
+i1ua i1ue i1ui i1uo i1uu
+o1ua o1ue o1ui o1uo o1uu
+u1ua u1ue u1ui u1uo u1uu
+%
+a2l1ua a2l1ue a2l1ui a2l1uo a2l1uu
+e2l1ua e2l1ue e2l1ui e2l1uo e2l1uu
+i2l1ua i2l1ue i2l1ui i2l1uo i2l1uu
+o2l1ua o2l1ue o2l1ui o2l1uo o2l1uu
+u2l1ua u2l1ue u2l1ui u2l1uo u2l1uu
+%
+a2m1ua a2m1ue a2m1ui a2m1uo a2m1uu
+e2m1ua e2m1ue e2m1ui e2m1uo e2m1uu
+i2m1ua i2m1ue i2m1ui i2m1uo i2m1uu
+o2m1ua o2m1ue o2m1ui o2m1uo o2m1uu
+u2m1ua u2m1ue u2m1ui u2m1uo u2m1uu
+%
+a2n1ua a2n1ue a2n1ui a2n1uo a2n1uu
+e2n1ua e2n1ue e2n1ui e2n1uo e2n1uu
+i2n1ua i2n1ue i2n1ui i2n1uo i2n1uu
+o2n1ua o2n1ue o2n1ui o2n1uo o2n1uu
+u2n1ua u2n1ue u2n1ui u2n1uo u2n1uu
+%
+a2r1ua a2r1ue a2r1ui a2r1uo a2r1uu
+e2r1ua e2r1ue e2r1ui e2r1uo e2r1uu
+i2r1ua i2r1ue i2r1ui i2r1uo i2r1uu
+o2r1ua o2r1ue o2r1ui o2r1uo o2r1uu
+u2r1ua u2r1ue u2r1ui u2r1uo u2r1uu
+%
+%
+}
+\endgroup
+%
+\endinput
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+ For documentation see:
+ C. Beccari, "Computer aided hyphenation for Italian and Modern
+ Latin", TUG vol. 13, n. 1, pp. 23-33 (1992)
+
+ see also
+
+ C. Beccari, "Typesetting of ancient languages",
+ TUG vol.15, n.1, pp. 9-16 (1994)
+
+ In the former paper the code was described as being contained in file
+ ITALAT.TEX; this is substantially the same code, but the file has been
+ renamed LAHYPH.TEX in accordance with the ISO name for Latin and the
+ convention that all hyphenation pattern file names should be formed by the
+ agglutination of two letter language ISO code and the abbreviation HYPH.
+
+ A corresponding file (ITHYPH.TEX) has been extracted in order to eliminate
+ the (few) patterns specific to Latin and leave those specific to Italian;
+ ITHYPH.TEX has been further extended with many new patterns in order to
+ cope with the many neologisms and technical terms with foreign roots.
+
+ Should you find any word that gets hyphenated in a wrong way, please, AFTER
+ CHECKING ON A RELIABLE MODERN DICTIONARY, report to the author, preferably
+ by e-mail. Please do not report about wrong break points concerning
+ prefixes and/or suffixes; see at the bottom of this file.
+
+ Compared with the previous versions, this file has been extended so as to
+ cope also with the medieval Latin spelling, where the letter `V' played the
+ roles of both `U' and `V', as in the Roman times, save that the Romans used
+ only capitals. In the middle ages the availability of soft writing supports
+ and the necessity of copying books with a reasonable speed, several scripts
+ evolved in (practically) all of which there was a lower case alphabet
+ different from the upper case one, and where the lower case `v' had the
+ rounded shape of our modern lower case `u', and where the Latin diphthongs
+ `AE' and `OE', both in upper and lower case, where written as ligatures,
+ not to mention the habit of substituting them with their sound, that is a
+ simple `E'.
+
+ According to Leon Battista Alberti, who in 1466 wrote a book on
+ cryptography where he thoroughly analyzed the hyphenation of the Latin
+ language of his (still medieval) times, the differences from the Tuscan
+ language (the Italian language, as it was named at his time) were very
+ limited, in particular for what concerns the handling of the ascending and
+ descending diphthongs; in Central and Northern Europe, and later on in
+ North America, the Scholars perceived the above diphthongs as made of two
+ distinct vowels; the hyphenation of medieval Latin, therefore, was quite
+ different in the northern countries compared to the southern ones, at least
+ for what concerns these diphthongs. If you need hyphenation patterns for
+ medieval Latin that suite you better according to the habits of Northern
+ Europe you should resort to the hyphenation patterns prepared by Yannis
+ Haralambous (TUGboat, vol.13 n.4 (1992)).
+
+
+
+ PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES
+
+For what concerns prefixes and suffixes, the latter are generally separated
+according to "natural" syllabification, while the former are generally
+divided etimologically. In order to avoid an excessive number of patterns,
+care has been paid to some prefixes, especially "ex", "trans", "circum",
+"prae", but this set of patterns is NOT capable of separating the prefixes
+in all circumstances.
+
+ BABEL SHORTCUTS AND FACILITIES
+
+Read the documentation coming with the discription of the Latin language
+interface of Babel in order to see the shortcuts and the facilities
+introduced in order to facilitate the insertion of "compound word marks"
+which are very useful for inserting etimological break points.
+
+Happy Latin and multilingual typesetting!