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diff --git a/language/chinese/chtex/taiwan.report b/language/chinese/chtex/taiwan.report new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c7b5481783 --- /dev/null +++ b/language/chinese/chtex/taiwan.report @@ -0,0 +1,1396 @@ +From: rick@cs.arizona.edu (Rick Schlichting) +Newsgroups: comp.research.japan,soc.culture.taiwan +Subject: Kahaner Report: Computing in Taiwan +Date: 19 Jan 91 03:20:09 GMT +Followup-To: comp.research.japan + + + [Dr. David Kahaner is a numerical analyst visiting Japan for two-years + under the auspices of the Office of Naval Research-Asia (ONR/Asia). + The following is the professional opinion of David Kahaner and in no + way has the blessing of the US Government or any agency of it. All + information is dated and of limited life time. This disclaimer should + be noted on ANY attribution.] + + [Copies of previous reports written by Kahaner can be obtained from + host cs.arizona.edu using anonymous FTP.] + +To: Distribution +From: David K. Kahaner ONR Asia [kahaner@xroads.cc.u-tokyo.ac.jp] +Re: Int Comp Symp & 1st WS on Parallel Proc (Nat Tsing Hua Univ, Taiwan), + Institute of Information Industry (Taipei), 17-21 Dec 1990. +17 Jan 1991 + +ABSTRACT. Two meetings at National Tsing Hua University (Taiwan), + International Computer Symposium, and the First Workshop on Parallel + Processing, as well as a visit to the Institute for Information + Industry, (Taipei) are described. 17-21 Dec 1990. + +SIGNIFICANT ITEMS IN THIS REPORT.---------------------------------------- + Most interesting papers were from the West, computer related + research in Taiwan seems much more theoretical than practical. + Best paper, about optimal mapping of mesh onto hypercube (from U. + Hong Kong), had some ONR support. + Numerical computation papers almost nonexistent. + NEC's VP Watanabe describes his vision of Science, Technology, + Industry as inseparable and claims that supercomputer technology + will be used in NEC's mainframe machines. + A National Supercomputer Center has just been established. + Taiwanese industry is moving away from PC's. + Government has various plans for computer growth and research, + including Hsinchu Science Park, Institute for Information Industry, + and special manufacturing focuses. + +OVERVIEW.---------------------------------------------------------------- + The International Computer Symposium, essentially Taiwan's +Information Processing Society meeting, was held for three days 17-19 +Dec 1990, at the National Tsing Hua University, in Hsinchu, about 70km +south of Taipei. All presentations and papers were given in English. +There were approximately 400 participants; about 160 papers were +presented out of almost 400 submitted. This was immediately followed by +a two day Workshop on Parallel Processing, at which all the +presentations were in Chinese. The Workshop had over 200 participants. +Both meetings have printed Proceedings in English. A title and author +list is attached to this report. I have one copy of the Proceedings and +will send copies of papers to requestors if I have the time. Additional +copies can be obtained by writing + Department of Computer Science + National Tsing Hua University + Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043, Republic of China. +After the meetings I spent one day in Taipei, at the Institute for +Information Industry. + + There were only two or three Western scientists in attendance at +the International Symposium and none at the Parallel Processing Workshop. +Most of the participants from outside Taiwan were Taiwanese from the US, +or Japanese, or other Chinese speaking scientists from Hong Kong or +Singapore. I saw no evidence of attendees from mainland China, Korea, or +other Pacific Rim countries. Generally the best papers were from outside +Taiwan, although most of these were by Taiwan-born scientists now living +in the West. I did not see much evidence that these scientists are moving +back to Taiwan into senior positions. My general impression, confirmed +by most of the Chinese speaking attendees, and by all the non-Taiwanese, +is that Taiwanese computer research activities are heavily theoretical. +This reflects the fact that presently, there are few practical parallel +processing projects in the country. (I was told that there are a few +computer systems oriented, experimental research projects in Taiwan, but +that they are behind in all practical areas, not just in practical +parallel processing. I did not get to see any of these.) In that sense +Taiwanese research is behind Korea, where a reasonable amount of +catch-up research is in progress. However, a few theoretical papers were +very good, although the best was by two Hong Kong computer scientists on +mapping of a two dimensional mesh efficiently onto a hypercube. A +handful of numerical computation papers were presented, but this seems a +particularly weak area. + + +TAIWAN-GENERAL BACKGROUND.----------------------------------------------- +About two hours flying time south west of Tokyo, Taiwan straddles the +Tropic of Cancer (as does Hawaii). It has about 2.5% of the land mass +of mainland China, and a roughly proportionate population (20million). +The country is densely populated and rugged, with only one third arable +land and more than 60 over-3000-meter peaks . Taiwan is the original +name of the island; Formosa was a Portuguese word meaning beautiful +island, used until recent years. The present government considers Taiwan +part of China (hence ROC=Republic of China) although many of the +scientists I spoke to did not share that view. Restrictions on Taiwanese +trips to the mainland have been reduced in the past few years and several +hundred thousand have visited. The present Taiwanese government still +has many tough sounding laws developed in an era when relations between +them and the mainland were very tense, although I was told these are +being relaxed. Nevertheless there is plenty of controversy; on TV I was +astonished to see a free-for-all fist fight in the "parliament". +Political issues (of which I have no knowledge) aside, if Taiwan and +mainland China can resolve their differences, China will be a huge +natural market for Taiwanese products and expertise. + +Taipei, the capital, has about 2.5 million people. It is choked with +traffic and heavily polluted. There is no metro although one is being +built. This is surprising, as Taiwan's per capita income is over $8K, +about 50% more than Korea's which has a substantial metro system in +Seoul. (Viewing Seoul and Taipei, I was not able to distinguish +differences in the income levels of these countries. My Korean friends +tell me that the differences are noticable in the countryside.) +Nevertheless it is easy to find one's way, as most streets are on a +rectangular grid. + +Hsinchu, the site of both meetings is also the location of Taiwan's +largest science based industrial park, established in 1988. There are +already over 100 manufacturers, close to 20,000 people, and more than 100 +PhD's working in the Park. Unfortunately, as most of the computer-types +were at these meetings there was no opportunity to visit any of their +labs. This would be an important stop on any subsequent trip. Hsinchu is +also the location of two major universities, National Tsing Hua (with +about 4500 students and about 450 faculty), and National Chiao-Tung Univ. +The model for growth here seems to be Tsukuba science city in Japan. + +COMPUTING IN TAIWAN.----------------------------------------------------- +More than 5,000 companies (about 90,000 people) are engaged in either +manufacturing computer related hardware, or exporting it out of Taiwan +Taiwan makes about 60% of the world's PC mother boards. However, until +very recently they did not make complete systems. This has now changed. I +tried several perfectly reasonable all-Taiwanese PCs, including several +386s. Some of these are beginning to be exported. I was told that Taiwan +products now satisfy almost all internal PC demand. However, many of +the best use Japanese monitors. I was also told that in the near future +there will be a Taiwanese Unix-based workstation, for internal use. +Almost all systems larger than PCs had been imported until recently, and +the government has identified that as a major area for growth. There +are also some strange properties of the Taiwan market. For example, +until very recently there were more Wang systems installed than IBM's. + +An important part of computer growth in Taiwan is associated with the +ability to input Chinese characters. This is a significant research +activity both here and on the mainland. (Japanese is spoken by many older +Taiwanese, as a result of the Japanese occupation of Taiwan during the +first third of this century.) There is also a good deal of manufacturing +for Japanese products; my Sony Walkman has cables clearly marked "made +in Taiwan". During this trip I only was able to talk to academic +computer scientists, but was repeatedly told that the best Taiwanese +technology is associated with manufacturing. Apparently this is true, +industrial growth has averaged over 13% per year for more than 30 years, +more than 50% of the country's GNP is now generated through exports, and +Taiwan is the second largest holder of US dollars (after Japan). +Computer industry growth has also been very good, the only items now +growing are printers and terminals. By 1995 research expenditures are +projected to be about 2% of GNP, and 0.2% of the population designated +as "researcher". For research in the information and electronics +industries, 3% of researchers have PhD, 48% have MS, and 40% have BS. + +There are many government sponsored programs; discussing these in detail +would require a separate report. The National Supercomputer Center (see +below), Sub-Micron Parts Laboratory, and the Hsinchu Science Park are +among the most recent and interesting. + +The ROC government has various plans for making computers even more +important in Taiwan's economy. Some are general, and other are quite +specific. For example, they have identified 14 specific manufactured +items that they want to promote. These are + - Cathode ray tube (CRT) monitors + - Low-speed nonimpact printers + - Low-speed impact printers + - Medium speed printers + - Linear scanners + - Fixed (hard) disk drives + - Optical readers + - Chinese-English word processors + - Micro and minicomputer systems with Chinese operating systems + - Software for medium and small computers + - Modems + - Chinese language electrical typewriters + - Floppy disk drives + - Computer magnetic tapes + +An interesting area worth following is the Taiwanese development of +systems larger than PCs. Already, with licenses from SUN, a workstation +consortium has been developing a SPARC-compatible system. About two +years ago an experimental 32-bit RISC multiprocessor machine (called +MR-10), running UNIX, X-Windows, and suitable as a network file server, +was introduced. This was done by the Industrial Technology Research +Institute (ITRI) under the sponsorship of Ministry of Economic Affairs. +I was told that the spinoffs from this project will be several special +purpose machines, such as a database server, and more interestingly a +vector processor, but I had no opportunity to learn about this in more +detail. It seems that with possibly the exception of the +SPARC-compatible workstations, all these projects are for acquiring +basic computer technologies rather than for immediate commercial use. + +PAPERS OF INTEREST.------------------------------------------------------ +The International Computer Symposium was organized into one day of +tutorials followed by two days of four or five parallel sessions, each +containing an invited presentation, and three or four submitted papers. +With one exception the tutorials were all by Chinese now working in the +US, as were many of the invited papers. The Parallel Processing Workshop +consisted of only one track, but as mentioned above, all the talks were +given in Chinese. Some of these were by speakers from the Symposium, +presenting some new results, but also several overview papers, such as +the one by Fang (Convex) on automatic parallelization techniques, or by +C. Hsiung (Cray) on how supercomputers are going to fit into future +computing systems. I concentrated on papers from non-Western scientists +on the theory that others' work is already fairly well known. Ultimately +only three that were most interesting to me are reported on here. (At +any meeting with parallel sessions it is easy to overlook outstanding +papers.) + +PAPERS (OPTIMAL MESH TO HYPERCUBE MAPPING).------------------------------ +The best technical paper was by + Dr. M.Y.Chan + James Capel (Far East) Ltd + Hong Kong +and + Prof. Francis Yuk-Lun Chin + Department of Computer Science + University of Hong Kong + Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong + Tel: +852 859-2178, Fax +852 559-8447. + Email: CHIN@CSD.HKU.HK, or CHIN%CSD@HKUJNT.BITNET +The problem the authors consider is extremely important. We are given a +two dimensional mesh, and a hypercube computer. The mesh might come from +a finite element calculation. A hypercube is a collection of individual +computing processors (elements) that are connected in a very special way, +so that the individual elements are thought of as at the vertices of a +multi dimensional cube. A 3-hypercube contains 2**3 elements, a 5- +hypercube contains 32 elements at the vertices of a 5-cube, etc. +Hypercubes were the first commercially practical parallel computer; many +systems are in use, and there is a tremendous amount of research on +effective algorithms to take advantage of their structure. For a two +dimensional finite element mesh it is natural to associate each mesh +point with a processing element of the hypercube. But how, specifically, +should this association be made? For example how should we associate 9 x +3 grid with 27 elements in a 5-hypercube (32 elements). Of course, any +association will work, but an efficient one will recognize that neighbors +on the grid should correspond to neighboring processors in the hypercube. +The reason is that the only way two hypercube processors can communicate +is along the edges of the cube. For a 3-cube this can mean that a message +might need to pass through two intermediate processors to get between +sender and receiver (along three edges); a 5-hypercube may require +passage along five edges. + +This problem had already been studied by the present authors, as well as +others, and Chan had provided an algorithm for doing this in an optimal +way, in the process proving that it was always possible to arrange the +association so that adjacent neighbors on the grid are separated by at +most one intermediate processor. But that algorithm for deciding how to do +this is slow and suffers from some other difficulties. The current paper +describes a parallel algorithm associating any two dimensional grid to +its optimal hypercube. The size of the grid is broadcast to each node of +the hypercube which can then determine in constant time which grid node +it will associate with. Moreover each node can also determine the +communication paths it will take to reach the nodes associated with grid +neighbors. Further, each node will act as an intermediate node for at +most two pairs of grid-neighbors, reducing potential congestion at +intermediate processors. This is a very excellent theoretical result that +has substantial practical implications. The authors claim that they can +extend the method to three dimensional meshes. Part of this work was +sponsored by an ONR grant while Chin was at U Texas, Dallas, making it +even more satisfying for me to report about. + +PAPERS (NEC'S VP KEYNOTE SPEECH ON SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND INDUSTRY).--- +The keynote speech of the Symposium was by + Hitoshi Watanabe + Vice President + NEC Corporation. +Watanabe explained that he had invented NEC's first computer. This had 48 +bit floating point arithmetic and some parallel architecture, although +his original design called for 64 bit floating point. He showed us a +photo of a much younger man standing in front of a very large console +which is now in NEC's museum; the console was the only part that would +fit. + +The essence of his talk was his view that science (theory), technology +(design), and industry must be an indivisible activity, what he called +STI activity. He called STI a chain from fundamental research, applied +research, development, production, to sales and marketing that must be +balanced at each link, and that the mission of engineers is to consider +all these parts at the same time. He went on to illustrate this by +various examples. For instance in the 1910's theory consisted of Boolean +algebra, Kirchoff's topological rules, etc., design was typified by +research in loaded lines, and industry in electric power systems and +telephony. He went on to illustrate the point during the 1920-1950's, and +then 1960 to the present. He also showed "maps" of the information +industry at various periods. Frankly I didn't get much out of these +slides except that integration is here to stay. The slides were +reproduced as part of the Symposium materials, but his lecture itself was +not available in printed form, and many interesting details were given, +rapid fire. Unfortunately Watanabe did not stay around long enough to +allow me to corroborate my notes. The most sensible of these are given +below. + +Watanabe described the workstation of the near future (2000) as having +a 5.25" read/write video disk, a flat panel color display with 10 million +pixel resolution, connected by optical fiber (by 2010 all fiber optic) to +a broadband intelligent network. Communication will be by either ATM or +STM. He said that executives don't like to use keyboards, so the +workstation will a touch screen, mouse, or more sophisticated input. He +showed an artist's sketch of a Japanese office with these workstations, +screens neatly integrated into office furniture and a small server tucked +away elsewhere. He emphasized flat panel technology repeatedly to +display color and high definition television displays mounted on the +wall, with scenes changed under computer control. (In the 1960's Richard +Hamming made similar predictions but the technology had not been invented +at the time.) Integration and globalization were key themes. + +One interesting comment was that NEC was definitely using its +supercomputing technology downstream. Watanabe explained that the "same" +high performance LSI technology used in NEC's SX/3 was also being used +in its water cooled 3800/20 and 3800/60 mainframes. While this is no +surprise it reinforces the economic justification for expensive R&D used +in small unit sales products. Of course, until this year NEC has not +sold many of its SX computers. + +He ended his talk with a very general description of several important +future research directions. + + Future Industry : Integrated Information Networks + Basic Theory : Unified modeling theory for information networks + Practical Method: Efficient method of information network integration + Final Target : Useful network compiler for large scale network + (several hundred thousand sub-parts) + + Future Industry : Global Systems + Basic Theory : Elegant modeling theory for social systems + Practical Method: High performance simulation + Final Target : Powerful simulator for complex global systems. + +This was a perfect presentation to inspire the scientists and students at +this meeting, but there was no opportunity to dig out some of the most +important details. + +After Watanabe's lecture, + Prof Radu Popescu-Zeletin + FOCUS Directorate + Research Center for Open Communication Systems + GMD + Hardenbergplatz 2 + D-1000 Berlin 12 + Germany + Tel: 49-30-25499-206, Fax: 49-30-25499-202 + Email: ZELETIN@FOKUS.GMD.DBP.DE +who was another of the invited speakers, commented that if we really +wanted to see integrated computing and communications we should visit his +laboratory in Berlin. + +PAPERS (TESTING VECTORIZED FFTS).---------------------------------------- +One of the most heavily used algorithms is fast Fourier transform (FFT). +In fact it has been called the most important computer algorithm ever +devised, and plays a key role in a vast number of applications, from +solving partial differential equations, to image processing. Although the +first significant paper was in 1965, research continues even today. Every +computer vendor that markets to scientific users provides a highly +optimized collection of FFT routines. + Prof Chung-Ping Chung + Dept of Computer Science and Infor Engineering + National Chiao-Tung Univ + Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050 ROC + Tel: (035) 712121, ext 3728, Fax: (035) 724176 +reported on his studies of several variations of the FFT, with special +emphasis on their implementation for large general purpose +supercomputers. One of the least well known, Ruritanian's method, +performed best when Chung timed in on a Convex C-1. Unfortunately Chung +used his own implementations of these algorithms, rather than tuned +implementations provided by vendors, or even carefully coded ones in the +public domain such as by Schwarztrauber, etc. With the dearth of work in +Taiwan in numerical computation, it is a pity that when someone wants to +do something he is hampered by lack of access. In this case Chung would +benefit very greatly by having access either to source programs of good +FFT implementations, or at least an opportunity to run his programs +against some of them. Western researchers who are interested in this +topic should write to Chung directly. + +POST MEETING DISCUSSIONS (R.C.T. LEE, NATIONAL TSING HUA UNIVERSITY).---- +I had a fascinating morning with Tsing Hua's Dean and University Provost, + Prof. R.C.T. Lee + Dean of Academic Affairs + National Tsing Hua Univ + Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043 ROC + Tel: 886-35-719134 (O) 886-35-711610 (H, Fax: 886-35-722713 + Email: RTCLEE@TWNMOE10.BITNET +Lee was also General Chairman of the International Symposium. Lee is a +computer scientist who is still active. He gave me a list of publications +numbering about 50, including several books. (One is to be published +early next year.) He still supervises several PhD students, and his +office is filled with photos of former students in wedding poses, and +others with newborn children. Hsinchu as a city is clearly moving toward +science, and this emphasis is reflected in the university. Nevertheless, +Lee is trying to expand literature and other liberal arts appreciation +with special programs, exhibits, etc. + +We talked for a while about problems in Taiwan with industry, especially +relative to Korea. As mentioned earlier, Korea has much less per capita +income than Taiwan, but Korea also has several very large companies, such +as Daiwa, Pohang, etc. On the other hand, Taiwan has mostly small to +medium sized companies. Lee remarked that there were advantages and +disadvantages with either. Of course, large companies can have the +resources needed for big time research, but are often inflexible and slow +to respond to changes. A Taiwanese scientist told a story about a friend +who owned a company that manufactured electronic arcade games, but when +the market for these slowed recently the company was able to change +almost overnight, to producing PCs. + +Lee felt that the ROC government needs to be more proactive in helping +industry. He told me about a new government program that he had a hand in +promoting that tries to do this. In it, scientists (from universities and +research laboratories) come together to define some products that need to +be developed, along with fairly detailed specifications. Subsequently, +private industry makes proposals for the development work (which involves +some technology transfer from the universities). Half of the development +funds come from the government and half directly from the winning +company. Lee also mentioned another program which allows engineers and +technicians from industry to spend a few weeks to a few months at a +University being trained in some new technology; ICs were specifically +mentioned in this context. Workstations were another area where Taiwanese +technicians needed retraining. Until recently, there was a great deal of +PC expertise, but not much Unix development experience. When this was +recognized substantial numbers of Taiwanese were sent out of the country +to learn the necessary skills. Generally though, Lee acknowledges that it +will be impossible to compete directly with Japan at the cutting edge of +high technology, and that Taiwan should focus on those areas for which it +is best suited. In his opinion, small company manufacturing is done very +well in Taiwan, and definitely surpasses Taiwanese skills in computer +systems. There are some anomalies though. Taiwan has a strong trade +surplus (these figures change yearly) but in the area of electrical +components, including connectors, etc., the net flow is from Japan to +Taiwan. Lee urged me to return and visit the industrial manufacturing +facilities that he could arrange and also to meet the Minister of +Economic Affairs, who he characterized as a scholarly and scientific +person. Unfortunately, this trip was primarily to attend these +conferences and for get acquainted purposes. + +Finally, I remarked to Professor Lee that I was disappointed by the lack +of papers about numerical computation at either of the meetings. He +agreed that this was a serious problem; researchers here are not much +interested in computer modeling. Of course an important reason is the +lack of general purpose high performance computers. + +[There was one session at the Symposium specifically designated for +numerical computation. It promised to have one excellent invited talk on +sparse linear systems by Prof. D.J. Evans (UK) who unfortunately was +unable to attend at the last moment. Of the three remaining papers, one +was by a physicist who had reinvented the method of lines, and the other +two by students. Attendance at this session was very low, reflecting the +general interest in these topics among the attendees.] + +POST MEETING DISCUSSIONS (K. WU, NATIONAL SUPERCOMPUTER CENTER TAIWAN).-- +The government is hoping to increase research in numerical modeling by +its development of a National Supercomputing Center. + Dr. Kuo Wu, Visiting Specialist + National Supercomputer Center + National Taiwan University + Taipei, Taiwan + Tel: 363-0231 3221-221 +is on leave from Cray Research to help establish the Center. Wu told me +that they had just received $85 million US to be spent over five years. +Half will be for equipment, and half for a staff of about 100, including +half researchers. A building is now being constructed in the Hsinchu +Science Park. The Center expects a machine to be delivered in 1992, +essentially to provide supercomputer cycles to the academic community, a +la the US NSF Centers. No decision has been made on specific hardware +although their budget allows for a high-end system, such as a Cray Y/MP. +Wu claims that they are looking to the future and so might be interested +in an SSI. My own feeling is that prestige aside, they will ultimately +go for a mature system, and let larger installations be test sites for +new machines. At this stage of their activity Wu and his staff are just +beginning to search out potential users to learn more about their needs. + +POST MEETING DISCUSSIONS (K. KIN, CONVEX COMPUTER, ASIA).---------------- +I also had the opportunity to talk with + Dr. Kenneth L. Kin + Managing Director, Asia/Pacific Operations + Convex Computer Pte Ltd + 1 Scotts Road #25-06 Shaw Center + Singapore 0922 + Tel: (65) 7334355, Fax: (65) 7334354 +about supercomputer and minisuper applications. I began by asking why his +office was in Singapore instead of Japan, where there are already more +than 50 Convex systems installed. He explained that Convex does have an +office there but the company considers Japan a separate market from the +remainder of the Pacific region. He felt that too many organizations +centralize themselves in Japan, and then because of all the activity +there, have less incentive to consider other countries where individual +potential may not be as large. For Convex, business has been brisk this +year in Taiwan, Malaysia, India, etc, while many other American firms +remain fixated on Japan--a mistake he felt. Of course, the Japanese are +well aware of this and are actively going after this market too. Kin +claimed that he also had a substantial number of potential orders from +(mainland) China, but until recently had been prevented from accepting +them because of export restrictions. + +Having such a widespread customer base causes problems too. A complete +set of spare parts is stocked centrally, in Convex's case in Taiwan, and +this needs to be restocked from the factory in the US. Convex emphasizes +the reliability of their equipment, nevertheless there are a few +engineers in the Singapore office who respond to problems. For some +installations, such as the one in Sumatra (Indonesia) the contract called +for an engineer on site. This has turned out to be a real hardship +assignment, as the engineer has repeatedly been ill, including a bout with +malaria. Kin himself is on the road most of the time. In fact his family +has remained in the DC area but he gets to see them about once a month. + +Several of the scientists at the meeting agreed that a medium sized +Convex was a good bet for Departmental computing in many mid-sized +companies or universities that could not justify a larger Cray-class +machine. On the other hand, having a "real" Cray has advantages too, not +the least of which is its name recognition, especially with politically +savvy government ministers or corporate board members. Sometimes this +matters quite a lot. + +I asked Kin if he could generalize about his user community. He +explained that oil related applications have been important recently +because of concern about oil supplies from the Gulf. He also confirmed +my own observations that outside of Universities and some government +institutes, almost all users are running packaged applications. Only +within the University environment is any substantial programming being +done. [Later, I was able to verify that in a recent survey of computer +languages being used, within Taiwanese government agencies Fortran is +almost as popular as Cobol, twice as heavily used as Assembly, and three +times as heavily used as C.] Also, like Cray, Convex is concerned about +distributed memory parallel processing. Their conventional wisdom is that +a reasonable model for many new installations will be to provide a +parallel processor as a node on a heterogeneous multicomputer network. + +Finally, I mentioned to Kin my conversations with NEC's SX/3 designer +Watanabe, who claimed NEC was not interested (at this time) in marketing +a mini super machine. Needless to say, he was very happy to hear this. + +As far as Convex's current software activities are concerned, an +excellent survey of automatic parallelization techniques was given by + Mr. Jesse (Zhixi) Fang + Software Development Program Manager + Convex Computer Corporation + 3000 Waterview Parkway + P.O.Box 833851 + Richardson, TX 75083-3851 + Tel: (214) 497-4275, Fax: (214) 497-4500 + Email: JFANG@CONVEX.COM +Fang thought that Convex had every reason to hope that its Fortran +compiler would shortly be better than Cray's at automatically finding and +taking advantage of parallelizing opportunities, primarily because Convex +is developing their compiler from scratch rather than having to make it +compatible with older products. Personally, I am skeptical. + +INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION INDUSTRY (III), TAIPEI.------------------------- + Institute for Information Industry + 10th Floor, 116 Nanking E. Road + Sec 2, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC + Tel: 886-2-542-2540, Fax: 886-2-531-0760. +This is a government financed organization focused on promoting +information technology in Taiwan and planning its growth. It was founded +in 1979, and currently has about 650 employees in half dozen locations +within Taipei. It also has two Exhibition Centers in the US, one in +Mountain View CA, and a second in Gaithersburg MD (about five minutes +from my US home). I spent one day at III main office, but unfortunately +did not get to meet any of the higher level or research staff. It would +be useful to return in order to get a better picture. + +In addition to promotional and planning, III has several products or +services that their staff has developed. Many of these are very closely +related to corresponding items in the West, but have been fully absorbed +by III's staff to the point where new design and implementation can be +done locally. The most important of these is the Software Engineering +Environment Development (SEED) project. Begun in 1989 it is hoped that +this will create a good distributed software environment via integrated +networks, all the related information, methods, standards, and tools +needed for software development. The idea is to have as many of Taiwan's +software development projects working under SEED, in order to improve +productivity and reliability by using a standard environment. More +specifically, SEED will build workstations, and provide communication, an +operating system (Unix kernel, CHINEX), graphics window interface, database +system, and mail system. The mail system, workstation tools, Form Master, +Imagemaker are clearly derived from Western products, but have been +modified to deal with Chinese characters. There is also a Chinese Input +System built around phonetic input, much like Japanese "kana" input +systems. The SEED software/hardware is developed by III staff and also +with support from several Taiwanese computer companies. III is also +developing a SEED Service Center where various services, such as network +management, databank, consulting, training, etc., are located. SEED has +also published its second version of a handbook, "Software Development +Guidelines", to explain international software standards. + +Other countries have also established programs with some of the same +goals as SEED. In Asia these include SIGMA (Japan) and SUPER (Korea). + +III has been involved in expert system research. This would not be +considered at a terribly exciting level by most Western standards. +Nevertheless they have build rule-shell, frame-shell, and Chinese-shell +expert systems, and have been applying prototypes to taxation auditing, +and auto malfunction reduction. All concerned now believe that more +professional training needs to be done in order to get expert systems +more firmly rooted in the country. + +III also publishes several excellent survey reports with detailed +statistics of computing technology in Taiwan. I can provide copies of +these to a limited number of requestors. + +FINAL NOTE.-------------------------------------------------------------- +Taipei has the National Palace Museum, an astonishing collection of the +best Chinese art and culture. English is used extensively in tours, +exhibit labels, and lectures. Not to be missed! + +TITLES AND AUTHORS.------------------------------------------------------ + +INTERNATIONAL COMPUTER SYMPOSIUM + +Algorithms + + 1. Some NP-complete combinatorial problems in computational geometry + (Invited) + M. H. Alsuwaiyel and D. T. Lee, Northwestern Univ., U.S.A. + + 2. Flexible functional cell design for floor planning + Y. C. Chang, T. Y. Ho and L. H. Hsu, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. Parallel algorithms for optimal routing between ring of terminals + S. C. Chang, IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, U.S.A. + + 4. An average case analysis of a resolution principle algorithm in + mechanical theorem proving + H. Hu, C. Y. Tang and R. C. T. Lee, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + +Database + + 1. Algorithms for concurrency control on R-trees + J. K. Chen and Y. F. Huang, Tatung Inst. of Tech., R.O.C. + + 2. Feasibility of index-scan join method on cube-connected multicomputers + J. Y. Tien and W. P. Yang, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. A query evaluation scheme on general purpose MIMD parallel machines + W. S. Lee, Purdue Univ., U.S.A. P. C-Y. Sheu, Rutgers Univ., U.S.A. + + 4. Designing a highly parallel database server using off-the shelf + components + K. A. Hua, IBM Mid-Hudson Lab., U.S.A. H. C. Young, IBM Almaden + Research Center, U.S.A. + + +Computer Communications + + 1. From broadband ISDN to multimedia computer networks (Invited) + R. Popescu-Zeletin, Technical Univ. Berlin, Fed. Rep. of Germany + + 2. A solution for packet switching of broadband ISDN + C. M. Weng and J. J. Li, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. On the statistical analysis of some continuous ARQ schemes with + repeated transmissions + J. K. Hu and T. H. Lee, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. A throughput analysis of Go-Back-N ARQ protocol with copy transmission + under priority + Y. Fukagawa, M. Ooki, Nishinippon Inst. of Tech., Japan + S. Murakami and S. Yoshida, Kyushu Inst. of Tech., Japan + + +Distributed Systems + + 1. Protocol conversion (Invited) + M. T. Liu, Ohio State Univ., U.S.A. + + 2. A deadlock-free O( N) mutual exclusion algorithm for distributed + systems + Y. I. Chang, M. Singhal, and M. T. Liu, Ohio State Univ., U.S.A. + + 3. A distributed probabilistic scheme with unequal weights + S. Y. Sung, Univ. of Singapore, Singapore + + 4. Remote tasking facilities in DMINIX system + S. R. Tsai and W. J. Ueng, Cheng Kung Univ., R.O.C. + +Image Processing + + 1. A new access method based on signature file in text retrieval + H. Fu and S. Y. Lee, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 2. Recognition of handwritten Chinese characters via short line segments + B. Chen and H. J. Lee, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. Multi-sensor planning for target recognition with constant time + complexity + Y. L. Liu and L. C. Fu, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. Applications of ICM segmentation algorithm + C. C. Chen, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + 5. 2-D EAG Model for Describing and Identifying hand drawing objects + M. Zhao, Asian Inst. of Tech., Thailand + + +Algorithms + + 1. Heap-ordered trees, 2-partitions, and continued fractions + W. C. Chen and W. C. Ni, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + + 2. Unordered tree contraction + L. H. Hsu and J. J. J. Wang, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. An O(N*M*T) spatial match retrieval algorithm + D. J. Buehrer and C. C. Chang, Chung Cheng Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. On a maximum stable matching problem + J. J. M. Tan, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 5. Performance of heuristics for the longest common subsequences problem + F. Chin and C. K. Poon, Univ. of Hong Kong, Hong Kong + + +Database + + 1. An overview of the SunSet database management system + F. Golshani and S. W. Dietrich, Arizona State Univ., U.S.A. + + 2. Inserting tuples into coexistent views + C. H. Cho and Y. C. Lee, Univ. of Michigan, U.S.A. + + 3. Solving the view update problem in nested relations + H. H. Yao, Yuan-Ze Inst. of Tech., R.O.C. + + 4. Using partial pictures to view agreement in database relations + J. H. Leuchner, L. Miller and G. Slutzki, Iowa State Univ., U.S.A. + + +Computer Communications + + 1. Performance analysis of packet switching networks with window control + J. S. Wu and S. F. Yang, Central Univ., R.O.C. + + 2. Tree algorithm with nonuniform traffic pattern + J. H. Huang and Y. C. Lai, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. Polling system with K=1 limited service discipline and noncyclic + service order + C. J. Chang, I. H. Chen, and L. C. Hwang, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. On the complexity of generating the test sequence without + synchronization problem + L. T. Liu, Telecommunication Lab., R.O.C. + G. H. Chen, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + C. S. Lu, Telecommunication Lab., R.O.C. + + 5. An executable rule-based specification and its incremental + implementation for communication protocols + C. M. Huang, Y. I. Chang, and M. T. Liu, Ohio State Univ., U.S.A. + + +Distributed Systems + + 1. Resource allocation for fault tolerant systems using external backups + Y. Huang, AT&T Bell Labs., Murray Hill, U.S.A. + S. K. Tripathi, Univ. of Maryland, U.S.A. + + 2. A distributed self-stabilizing algorithm for finding bridges + M. S. Tsai, C. C. Tsao, and S. T. Huang, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. A robust and efficient algorithm of replicated ID table management in + GALAXY distributed operating system + X. Jia, K. Shimizu, H. Nakano, and M. Maekawa, Univ. of Tokyo, Japan + + 4. An optimal diagnosis structure for distributed systems + F. W. Shih, IBM Watson Research Center, U.S.A. + K. Nakajima, Univ. of Maryland, U.S.A. + + 5. Localizing the effects of faults in distributed object based systems + L. Lin, Unisys Corporation, San Jose, U.S.A. + M. Ahamad, Georgia Inst. of Tech., U.S.A. + + +Image Processing + + 1. Earley and MPM methods for attributed grammar parsing + K. Y. Huang and C. H. Chen, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + D. R. Leu, Univ. of Houston, U.S.A. + + 2. A flexible parallel architecture for relaxation labeling algorithms + S. Y. Lin and Z. Chen, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. Array architecture design for video communication applications + L. G. Chen, Y. S. Jehng, and T. D. Chiueh, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. The development of HIGIPS the High-speed General-purpose Image + Processing System + F. H. Yao, A. Tamaki, K. Kato, Kyushu Inst. of Tech., Japan + + 5. Prototyping a hypermedia document model with knowledge representation + K. Utsumiya, K. Korida, K. Yoshida, and S. Futamura, Oita Univ., + Japan + + +Algorithms + + 1. The Most vital edges with respect to the number of spanning trees in + two-terminal series-parallel graphs + L. H. Hsu, R. H. Jan and Y. Y. Lee, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 2. Guarding problems in the gallery + H. Y. Fang and C. Y. Tang, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. On the relocation problems with some constraints + M. T. Lin and S. S. Tseng, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. An efficient annealing schedule for multiconstraint zero-one knapsack + problem + F. T. Lin, C. C. Hsu, and C. Y. Kao, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C + + 5. The complexity of periodic maintenance + S. Baruah, L. Rosier, I. Tulchinsky and Univ. of Texas, Austin, + U.S.A. + + +Database + + 1. A binary implementation of single-key-lock scheme for dynamic access + control + C. C. Chang, Chung Cheng Univ., R.O.C. + T. C. Wu, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 2. A record-oriented cryptosystem for database sharing + C. H. Lin, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + C. C. Chang, Chung Cheng Univ., R.O.C. + R. C. T. Lee, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. Time-space optimal numerical database for large-scale scientific + applications + S. C. Park and J. P. Draayer, Louisiana State Univ., U.S.A. + S. Q. Zheng, Louisiana State Univ., U.S.A. + + 4. Optimal MMI file systems for orthogonal range retrieval + C. Y. Chen, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + C. C. Chang, Chung Cheng Univ., R.O.C. + R. C. T. Lee, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + 5. A comprehensive model for fuzzy information management + A. Ramer, Univ. of Oklahoma, U.S.A. + + +Artificial Intelligence + + 1. Solve assumption-based truth maintenance problems by constructing + deduction graphs + H. L. Li, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 2. Paradox-free logics as the fundamental theory of knowledge Engineering + J. Cheng, Kyushu Univ., Japan + + 3. General solutions of boolean equations + C. S. Wu, Industrial Tech. Research Inst., R.O.C. + + 4. The modal-functional unification method for automating reasoning in a + logic of branching time + M. C. Chan, Univ. of New South Wales, Australia + T. J. Richards, La Trobe Univ., Australia + + 5. Preliminary evaluation of LogDf: A data-driven parallel architecture + for logic programs + C. C. Tseng, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + P. Biswas, Texas Instrument Corp., U.S.A. + + +Distributed Systems + + 1. The optimal checkpoint interval in time Warp parallel simulation + S. Y. Hwang, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + E. D. Lazowska and Y. B. Lin, Univ. of Washington, U.S.A. + + 2. Algorithms for the assignment of pipelined and acyclic tasks in + ring-structured distributed systems + J. P. Sheu, Central Univ., R.O.C. + C. Y. Chen, Tatung Inst. of Tech., R.O.C. + + 3. A transformational approach to process partitioning using timed petri + nets + G. M. Yee and C. M. Woodside, Carleton Univ., Canada + + 4. A teamware workbench for multimedia information management + N. Matsuura, S. Ichimura, S. I. Hiraiwa, K. I. Okada, and Y. + Matsushita, Keio Univ., Japan + + 5. A virtual machine based execution environment for stand-alone + application systems + T. H. Chang, C. S. Hwang, and S. R. Tsai, Cheng Kung Univ., R.O.C. + +Image Processing + + 1. Line segment matching for 3-D computer vision using a new iteration + scheme + S. L. Chou and W. H. Tsai, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 2. Line segment correspondence finding using path and shape coherences + C. H. Wu and C. L. Huang, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. Moment preserving edge detection and its application to image data + compression + H. S. Hsu and W. H. Tsai, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. Image coding using eigendecomposition and its comparison with DCT + P. W. Chin, J. F. Yang, and C. H. Chen, Cheng Kung Univ., R.O.C. + + 5. A new adaptive coder for runlength coding + J. F. Wang, L. W. Lee, and M. J. Yang, Cheng Kung Univ., R.O.C. + + +Algorithms + + 1. Design of a parallel theorem prover for first order logic + W. T. Chen, T. R. Chou, H. J. Liu and K. R. Hsieh, Tsing Hua Univ., + R.O.C. + + 2. A linear recurrence solver + F. C. Lin and K. L. Chung, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + Y. N. Yeh, Academia Sinica, R.O.C. + + 3. On the design of parallel algorithms for non-linear space-time + representations + H. A. Fencl and C. H. Huang, Ohio State Univ., U.S.A. + + 4. An O(1) time algorithm for generating computation tree forms + B. F. Wang and G. H. Chen, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + + 5. Conflict-free broadcasting algorithms for graph traversal and its + applications + G. H. Chen, W. W. Liang, and L. T. Liu, + Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + Z. C. Yeh, Tatung Inst. of Tech., R.O.C. + +Computer Vision + + 1. Corner Detection and Segmented Regression + J. S. Huang, Academia Sinica, R.O.C. + + 2. Automatic thresholding for edge detection based on human visual + perception + J. S. Chen, W. N. Lie, and Y. C. Chen, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. Collision avoidance for monitoring multiple operating robot + manipulators by computer vision using 2-D camera views + W. T. Chao and W. H. Tsai, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. A new Model-based approach for industrial visual inspection + Y. N. Sun and C. T. Tsai, Cheng Kung Univ., R.O.C. + + 5. Fast object detection for a mobile robot using structured light in an + indoor environment + X. W. Tu and B. Dubuisson, Compiegne Univ., France + + +Artificial Intelligence + + 1. TCGD A Time-Constrained approximate guided Depth-first search algorithm + (Invited) + B. W. Wah and L. C. Chu, Univ. of Illinois, U.S.A. + + 2. A generalized learning problem + T. P. Hong and S. S. Tseng, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. Using both feature-based and Constraint-based Knowledge in the + evidential relaxation labeling scheme + C. C. Hsu and V. W. Soo, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. A direction-selective chart and a head-driven chart parser for Chinese + sentence analysis + L. F. Chien and L. S. Lee, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + K. J. Chen, Academia Sinica, R.O.C. + + +Parallel Processing + + 1. Parallelized simulation of grids on hypercubes (Invited) + M. Y. Chan and Y. L. Chin, Univ. of Hong Kong, Hong Kong + + 2. 3-D optical multistage interconnection networks: topology and routing + K. S. Huang and J. K. Peir, IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, U.S.A. + + 3. The generalized cube connected cycles network + C. S. Yang and W. Y. Chen, Sun Yat-Sen Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. Optimal broadcasting on SIMD hypercubes + C. T. Ho, IBM Almaden Research Center, U.S.A. + + +VLSI/CAD + + 1. On the design of concurrent error detectable multiply and divide arrays + C. L. Wey, Michigan State Univ., U.S.A. T. Y. Chang, Tsing Hua + Univ., R.O.C. + + 2. On easily testable array multipliers + K. J. Lin and C. W. Wu, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. Test pattern generation for sequential circuits by dirceted-search + method + J. F. Wang, P. C. Chen, C. G. Wang, B. D. Liu and T. Y. Kuo, Cheng + Kung Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. A new hybrid sense algorithm for three-layer via minimization with + practical constraints + S. C. Fang, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. K. E. Chang, Taiwan Normal Univ., + R.O.C. + W. S. Feng, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + + 5. Worst case analysis of greedy heuristic to find a minimum total-jogs + layout for river routing + K. H. Teo and T. C. Tuan, Univ. of Oklahoma, U.S.A. + + 6. A new net distribution algorithm for cell layout + P. W. Huang, H. R. Lin, and Y. C. Hsu, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + +Algorithms + + 1. Voronoi diagrams for moving objects (Invited) + H. Imai and K. Imai, Univ. of Tokyo, Japan + + 2. Constant time algorithms for sorting and computing convex hulls + B. F. Wang and G. H. Chen, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. Computing minimum spanning trees and relative neighborhood graphs in + the polygonal Minkowski metric + S. N. Yang and C. H. Cheng, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. The NP-hardness of two connected cell layout problems on cellular radio + networks + N. F. Huang and R. S. Lin, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + +Computer Vision + + 1. Thinning and stroke segmentation for document symbols + R. H. Cheng and Z. Chen, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 2. A mathematical morphology approach to euclidean distance transformation + F. Y. Shih, New Jersey Inst. of Tech., U.S.A. + O. R. Mitchell, Univ. of Texas, U.S.A. + + 3. Skeletonization using the newtonian potential + J. H. Chuang, Univ. of Illinois, U.S.A. + + +Artificial Intelligence + + 1. Design and implementation of a generalized blackboard structuring + subsystem + C. S. Ho, R. C. Chen, and J. M. Lin, Taiwan Inst. of Tech., R.O.C. + + 2. An adaptive expert system for control decision in battle ship + simulation + W. W. Loa and C. L. Wang, Chung San Inst. of Science and Technology, + R.O.C. + + 3. Z-III: a PC-based fuzzy expert system shell + K. S. Leung, Y. T. So, A. Leung, and W. S. F. Wong, Chinese Univ. of + Hong Kong, Hong Kong + + 4. Hardware encoding of concept hierarchy + H. H. Chung, M. T. Hsieh, and S. Y. Hwang, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + +Parallel Processing + + 1. An interactive technique to analyze the performance of finite-buffered + multistage interconnection networks + H. S. Jang, M. Singhal, K. Y. Lee and M. T. Liu, Ohio State Univ., + U.S.A. + + 2. Refining the diffusion approximation for modelling multiprocessor + systems + J. S. Wu and J. Y. Wang, Central Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. A fault-tolerant VLSI interconnection network using cellular array + H. Mei and T. C. Lin, Univ. of Texas, U.S.A. + + 4. GALAXY A parallel computer for large data/knowledge base systems + K. A. Hua, Univ. of Central Florida, U.S.A. + C. Lee, IBM Mid-Hudson Laboratories, U.S.A. + + 5. A decomposition strategy for extending double precision and reducing + ROM cost in conversion between binary and binary logarithm + J. F. Hsueh and H. Y. Lo, Feng Chia Univ., R.O.C. + + +VLSI/CAD + + 1. A new approach to CMOS operational amplifier synthesis + C. Y. Kuo, L. G. Chen and T. M. Parng, Taiwan Univ. R.O.C. + + 2. Automated synthesis of asynchronous digital circuits from graphic + timing specification + W. K. Chia and Y. H. Kuo, Cheng Kung Univ., R.O.C + + 3. A new synthesizer of microprogrammed controllers for multicycling + operations + J. F. Wang, M. H. Sheu, Y. L. Jeang, W. Y. Lee and J. Y. Lee, Cheng + Kung Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. FIPOC: A finite state machine synthesizer + J. P. Wang and C. S. Lin, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + + 5. A technology-driven simulation system based on code-generation design + methodology + A. T. Yang and J. T. Yao, Univ. of Washington, U.S.A. + +Algorithms + + 1. Parallel algorithms for sparse linear systems (Invited) + D. J. Evans, Loughborough Univ. of Tech., U.K. + + 2. Solving diffusion equations using vector/parallel algorithm + L. C. Chien, Academia Sinica, R.O.C. + H. C. Hsu, Taichung Inst. of Commercial, R.O.C. + + 3. Solving large sparse linear system by iterative method on + multiprocessor + N. S. Chang, J. S. Wang and C. Y. Tang, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. An efficient parallel algorithm for Jacobian computation + J. Z. C. Lai and J. S. Kuo, Feng Chia Univ., R.O.C. + + +Neural Networks + + 1. Fuzzy combinatorial optimization by neural networks + M. Sakawa, Hiroshima Univ., Japan + + 2. A neural network for solving the satisfiability problems + K. T. Sun and H. C. Fu, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. Solving the travelling salesman problem using hopfield nets with + time-varying energy function 763 + S. D. Wang and C. M. Tsai, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. A neural network approach to constrained task allocation problems + Y. S. Tseng, J. L. Wu and J. H. Huang, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + +Software Engineering + + 1. Software engineering in the year 2000 (Invited) + C. V. Ramamoorthy, Univ. of California, Berkeley, U.S.A. + + 2. A requirement organization approach for object-based construction of + software systems + D. J. Chen, S. K. Huang and J. Y. Chen, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. An approach to module invocation based performance dependency analysis + for Ada programs + P. S. E. Chang and C. Y. Hsieh, Univ. of Oklahoma., U.S.A. + + 4. Rule-based software performance evaluation + C. C. Lien, C. C. Yang and S. J. Hwang, Taiwan Inst. of Tech., + R.O.C. + + +Parallel Processing + + 1. Heterogeneous Multicomputers (Invited) + H. T. Kung, Carnegie Mellon Univ., U.S.A. + + 2. VLSI architecture of the MPA-I superscalar microprocessor + B.T. Chang, Y. J. Oyang and F. C. Lin, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. Analytical and simulated performance of the USC orthogonal + multiprocessor + C. M. Cheng and K. Hwang, Univ. of Southern California, U.S.A. + + 4. Correlation between cache size and coherence protocol overhead + J. C. Wang and M. Dubois, Univ. of Southern California, U.S.A. + + +Signal Processing + + 1. Computing pseudo wigner distribution by the fast Hartley transform + S. C. Pei and I. I. Yang, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + + 2. The unconstraint minimization approach of the pisarenko spectral + estimation + S. J. Chern and T. M. Lan, Sen Yat-sen Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. An independence technique and its application to transform coding + C. J. Kuo, Chung Cheng Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. Signal reconstruction from Hartley transform magnitudes + G. S. Chen, J. L. Wu and L. S. Lee, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + + 5. A new implementation of generalized order statistic filter by + threshold decomposition + L. W. Chang and S. S. Yu, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + +Computer Graphics + + 1. Approximation to planar curves by the minimum number of piecewise + parabolas + H. M. Sun, Academia Sinica, R.O.C. + M. C. K. Yang, Academia Sinica, R.O.C. and Univ. of Florida, U.S.A. + + 2. A developmental model of herbaceous plants with flowers--the growth of + orchid + Y. J. Shih and Z. C. Shih, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. Polar form for surface modelings + T. V. To and H. N. Phien, Asian Inst. of Tech., Thailand + + 4. A CG technique to generate pictures of bird's-eye view of terrain + models for constructing holographic stereogram + Y. Aoki, T. Naruse and Y. Sakai, Hokkaido Univ., Japan + + 5. Modeling deformable objects using a linkage model + P. Y. Ku, Inst. of Information Industry, R.O.C. + Y. T. Ching, Academia Sinica and Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + +Neural Networks + + 1. Decision support using fuzzy neural logic network + F. H. Nah and S. C. Chan, Univ. of Singapore, + Singapore + + 2. A smart spell checking system - a neural net approach + P. Y. Chen and J. S. Wang, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. A numerical stable pipeline net VLSI architecture for the isomorphic + Hopfield model + P. R. Chang and K. S. Hwang, Industrial Tech. Research Inst., R.O.C. + + 4. An improved pocket learning of neural network + Y. P. Chu, S. T. Wang and C. M. Hsieh, Chung Hsing Univ., R.O.C. + + +Software Engineering + + 1. Automatic transformation of high-level logic specifications into + efficient imperative programs + A. Pan and B. R. Bryant, Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham, U.S.A. + + 2. Design and implementation of the EC++ language + H. J. Chen and B. J. Liu, Central Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. Software reliability measurement during operation phase based on a + test-effort dependent reliability growth model + J. Hishitani, S. Yamada, M. Kimura and S. Osaki, Hiroshima Univ., + Japan + + 4. An efficient lookahead algorithm for disk cache + T. M. Chang, Dongguk Univ., Korea + C. S. Jhon, Seoul Univ., Korea + + 5. Trio: an object-oriented operating system for education + P. J. Lee and F. J. Wang, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + +Parallel Processing + + 1. A dependence-based loop partitioning method for multitasking in a vetor + computer + I. K. Chou, C. P. Chung and C. Chen, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + 2. Trapezoid self-scheduling: a practical scheduling scheme for parallel + compilers + T. H. Tzen and L. M. Ni, Michigan state Univ., U.S.A. + + 3. STRAD: A tool for automatic synthesis of regular array algorithms + Y. C. Lin, Taiwan Inst. of Tech., R.O.C. + + 4. Modeling the performance of grouping on multicomputers + C. T. King, W. D. Ju and I. R. Kau, New Jersey Institute of + Technology, U.S.A. + + 5. Study of the vectorization of FFT + C. P. Chung and C. H. Tsai, Chiao Tung Univ., R.O.C. + + +Speech Recognition + + 1. Recognition of phonetic labels of the TIMIT speech corpus by means of + an artificial neural network + J. X. Wu and C. Chan, Univ. of Hong Kong, Hong Kong + + 2. On the use of matrix quantization to text-constraint speaker + identification + M. S. Chen, P. H. Lin and H. C. Wang, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + 3. A study on two-dimensional cepstrum approach for the speech recognition + H. F. Pai and H. C. Wang, Tsing Hua Univ., R.O.C. + + 4. An initial study on large vocabulary continuous mandarin speech + recognition + C. H. Tseng and L. S. Lee, Taiwan Univ., R.O.C. + +============================================================================== + +FIRST WORKSHOP ON PARALLEL PROCESSING +National Tsing Hua University +Dec 20-21 1990 Hsinchu, Taiwan ROC +PROGRAM + +Keynote Speech: How to Move Parallel Processing into the Mainstream, +H.T. Kung (Carnegie Mellon Univ USA) + +Whatever Happened to the Promised MFLOPs? +C.C. Hsiuing (Cray Research, USA) + +Orthogonal Multiprocessor for Integrated Image Understqnding +K. Hwang & D.K. Panda (Univ Southern Cal USA) + +On Multistage Interconnection Networks +T. Feng (Penn State Univ, USA) + +The Role of Protocol Engineering in Parallel Processing +M.T. Liu (Ohio State U, USA) + +Communication Issues in Multicomputers +L.M. Ni (Michigan State Univ, USA) + +Design and Experimentation of Routing Schemes for 2D Torus Message +Passing Network +T.W. Hou, L.M. Tseng, W.G. Lin, S.R. Tsai, C.K. Shie (National Cheng +Kung Univ) + +SEE: A System Evaluation Environment for Parallel Systems +P.C. Yew & J.D. Bruner (U. Illinois at Urbana-Champaign USA) + +Parallel Algorithms for Computing the Minimum Visible Vertex Distance +Between Two Polygons +F.R. Hsu, R.C.T. Lee, R.C. Chang (National Chiao Tung Univ) + +Configurational Computation on the Processor Array with a +Reconfigurable Bus System +B.F. Wang, G.H. Chen, H. Li (National Taiwan Univ) + +An Optimal Parallel Algorithm for Generating Permutations on a Linear +Array +B.Y. Wu & C.Y. Tang (National Tsing Hua Univ) + +Cache Organizations in Shared Memory Parallel Systems +K. So (IBM T.J. Watson Research Center USA) + +Parasight: An Integrated Programming Environment for Sequential and +Parallel Programs +P.Y. Chen, Z. Aral, I. Gertner, G. Schaffer, J. Grier (Encore Co USA) + +Research and Education of Software Engineering for Concurrent Systems +K.C. Tai (US National Science Foundation, & North Carolina State +Univ, USA) + +A 3n-state Self Stabilizing Protocol for Uniform Rings +S.T. Huang (National Tsing Hua Univ) + +Parallel Computing and Parallel Compilers +J. Fang (Convex Computer Corp) + +Extract Parallelism within a Nested Loop by Cycle Breaking and Loop +Reordering +C.M. Wang, S.D. Wang (National Taiwan Univ) + +Synthesizing Nested Loop Algorithms Using Nonlinear Transformation Method +J.P. Sheu, C.Y. Chang (National Central Univ) + +Computer Scheduling Algorithms: Past, Present, and Future +K.M. Baumgartner, B.W. Wah (Univ of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) + +Scheduling Support for Parallel Programs on Multiprocessors +H. Chang (IBM T.J. Watson Research Center) + +An Optimal Partitioning in the Star Network with Limited Processors +M.T. Chen, S.S. Tseng (National Chiao Tung Univ) + +Exploitation of Multiple-Instruction-Stream Superscalar Microprocessor +Architecture +C Wu, R. G. Prasadh (Univ Texas at Austin) + +Major Architectural Features of the Spectra-I Superscale Microprocessor +Y. Oyang, C. Wen, Y. Chen (National Taiwan Univ) + +Parallel Inference Model Based on Multi RISC-style Processing System +C. Chen, C. Chung, C. Chiang, H. Fu, T. Chang, R. Ou, S. Wang (National +Chiao Tung Univ) + +The Design of an Integrated Parallel Processing Unit with a +Reconfigurable Bus System +W. Chen, C. Liu, M. Fang (National Tsing Hua Univ) + +Two-Level Fault-Tolerant Boolean Hypercube Architecture +C. Yang, S. Wu (National Sun Yat-Sen Univ) + +The VP/30 Compute Server: The First Mini-supercomputer in Taiwan +H. Yeh, J. Tsau, P. Shiue, B. Lin, A. Chu, J. Chang (CCL/ITRI) + +------------------------END OF REPORT----------------------------------- + |