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authorNorbert Preining <norbert@preining.info>2019-09-02 13:46:59 +0900
committerNorbert Preining <norbert@preining.info>2019-09-02 13:46:59 +0900
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+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @LaTeX3-article{ LaTeX3-L3-001
+%%% filename = "l3d001.tex",
+%%% archived = "ctan:/tex-archive/info/ltx3pub/",
+%%% author = "Frank Mittelbach and Chris Rowley",
+%%% doc-group = "Project core team",
+%%% title = "The {\LaTeX3} Project",
+%%% version = "1.03",
+%%% date = "21 December 1994",
+%%% time = "11:58:58 GMT",
+%%% status = "public, official",
+%%% abstract = "This is a brief sketch of the \LaTeX3
+%%% Project: background, history, principles,
+%%% aims and functionality.
+%%% \par
+%%% The new version of \LaTeX{} is, like the
+%%% current version, a freely available system
+%%% for automated processing of structured
+%%% documents, formatting them to the highest
+%%% typographic standards by use of the \TeX{}
+%%% typesetting software.
+%%% \par
+%%% Although its uses include a very large
+%%% range of published documents, the
+%%% importance of its unsurpassed ability to
+%%% format mathematical formulas will not be
+%%% forgotten in producing the new version.
+%%% \par
+%%% It is being produced by an international
+%%% group of volunteers under the technical
+%%% direction of Frank Mittelbach.",
+%%% note = "submitted to the Euromath bulletin",
+%%% keywords = "",
+%%% project-address = "LaTeX3 Project \\
+%%% c/o Dr. Chris Rowley \\
+%%% The Open University \\
+%%% Parsifal College \\
+%%% Finchley Road \\
+%%% London NW3 7BG, England, UK",
+%%% project-tel = "+44 171 794 0575",
+%%% project-FAX = "+44 171 433 6196",
+%%% project-email = "LTX3-Mgr@SHSU.edu",
+%%% copyright = "Copyright (C) 1993 LaTeX3 Project.
+%%% All rights reserved.
+%%%
+%%% Permission is granted to make and distribute
+%%% verbatim copies of this publication or of
+%%% coherent parts from this publication provided
+%%% this copyright notice and this permission
+%%% notice are preserved on all copies.
+%%%
+%%% Permission is granted to copy and distribute
+%%% translations of this publication or of
+%%% individual items from this publication into
+%%% another language provided that the translation
+%%% is approved by the original copyright holders.
+%%%
+%%% No other permissions to copy or distribute this
+%%% publication in any form are granted and in
+%%% particular no permission to copy parts of it
+%%% in such a way as to materially change its
+%%% meaning.",
+%%% generalinfo = "To subscribe to the LaTeX3 discussion list:
+%%%
+%%% Send mail to listserv@vm.urz.uni-heidelberg.de
+%%% with the following line as the body of the
+%%% message (substituting your own name):
+%%%
+%%% subscribe LaTeX-L First-name Surname
+%%%
+%%% To find out about volunteer work:
+%%%
+%%% look at the document vol-task.tex which can
+%%% be obtained electronically, see below.
+%%%
+%%% To retrieve project publications electronically:
+%%%
+%%% Project publications are available for
+%%% retrieval by anonymous ftp from ctan hosts:
+%%% ftp.tex.ac.uk
+%%% ftp.dante.de
+%%% ftp.shsu.edu
+%%% in the directory /tex-archive/info/ltx3pub.
+%%%
+%%% The file ltx3pub.bib in that directory gives
+%%% full bibliographical information including
+%%% abstracts in BibTeX format. A brief history
+%%% of the project and a description of its aims
+%%% is contained in l3d001.tex.
+%%%
+%%% If you only have access to email, and not ftp
+%%% You may use the ftpmail service.
+%%% Send a message just containg the word
+%%% help
+%%% to ftpmail@ftp.shsu.edu
+%%% for more information about this service.
+%%%
+%%% For offers of financial contributions or
+%%% contributions of computing equipment or
+%%% software, contact the project at the above
+%%% address, or the TeX Users Group.
+%%%
+%%% For offers of technical assistance, contact the
+%%% project at the above address.
+%%%
+%%% For technical enquiries and suggestions, send
+%%% e-mail to the latex-l list or contact the
+%%% project at the above address.",
+%%% checksum = "34301 835 4072 32184",
+%%% docstring = "The checksum field above contains a CRC-16
+%%% checksum as the first value, followed by the
+%%% equivalent of the standard UNIX wc (word
+%%% count) utility output of lines, words, and
+%%% characters. This is produced by Robert
+%%% Solovay's checksum utility.",
+%%% }
+%%% ====================================================================
+% LaTeX 2.09 document
+%
+\documentstyle{l3ms001}
+
+
+\newcommand{\email}{\begingroup \catcode`\%=12 \xemail}
+% Auxiliary function for \email. It applies \meaning to the
+% argument to make all the characters category 12.
+\newcommand{\xemail}[1]{\def\temp{#1}\tt
+ \expandafter\xmeaning\meaning\temp\xmeaning\endgroup}
+% Auxiliary function for \xemail. \newcommand cannot be used here.
+\def\xmeaning#1->#2\xmeaning{#2}
+
+\newcommand{\SGML}{{\sc SGML}}
+\newcommand{\sgml}{{\sc SGML}}
+\newcommand{\eg}{e.g.~}
+\newcommand{\ie}{i.e.~}
+\newcommand{\Dash}{---}
+\newcommand{\dash}{--}
+\newcommand{\oldstyle}[1]{$\mit{#1}$}
+\newcommand{\lamstex}{%
+ L$\cal A \lower .5ex\hbox{$\!\cal M\!$}\cal S$\TeX}
+\newcommand{\AmSTeX}{%
+ $\cal A \lower .5ex\hbox{$\!\cal M\!$}\cal S$\TeX}
+\newcommand{\AmSLaTeX}{%
+ $\cal A \lower .5ex\hbox{$\!\cal M\!$}\cal S$\LaTeX}
+\newcommand{\BibTeX}{{\sc Bib}\TeX}
+
+\title{The \LaTeX3 Project}
+
+\date{\FHuse{date}\\\FHuse{version}}
+
+\newcommand{\makecpr}{{\rm \small \centering \copyright 1993
+ \ Frank Mittelbach and Chris Rowley\par
+ \vspace{6pt}}}
+
+\author{Frank Mittelbach\\
+Eichenweg 29 \\
+W-6500 Mainz 1\\
+ Federal Redpublic of Germany\\
+E-mail: {\tt mittelbach@mzdmza.zdv.uni-mainz.de}
+\and
+Chris Rowley\\
+Open University\\
+ Walton Hall\\
+ Milton Keynes MK7 6AA\\
+ United Kingdom\\
+E-mail: {\tt c.a.rowley@open.ac.uk}}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+\makecpr
+
+\begin{abstract}
+This is a brief sketch of the \LaTeX3 Project: background, history,
+principles, aims and functionality.
+
+The new version of \LaTeX{} is, like the current version, a
+freely available
+system for automated processing of structured
+documents, formatting them to the highest typographic standards by use
+of the \TeX{} typesetting software.
+
+Although its uses include a very large range of published documents,
+the importance of its unsurpassed ability to format mathematical
+formulas will not be forgotten in producing the new version.
+
+It is being produced by an international group of volunteers under
+the technical direction of Frank Mittelbach.
+\end{abstract}
+
+
+\section{Why a new version?}
+
+ With \TeX{}, Knuth designed a formatting system~\cite{A-W:DKn86}
+that is able to produce a large range of documents typeset to
+extremely high quality standards. For various reasons, including its
+quality, portability, stability and availability, \TeX{} spread very
+rapidly and can nowadays be best described as a world-wide de facto
+standard for high quality typesetting. Although it is most famous for
+its ability to typeset mathematics, it is being used for many other
+types of document, particularly those with multi-lingual requirements.
+
+
+ The \TeX{} system is fully programmable. This allows the development
+of high-level user interfaces whose input is processed by \TeX{}'s
+interpreter to produce low-level typesetting instructions; these are
+input to
+\TeX{}'s typesetting engine which outputs the format of each page in a
+device-independent page-description language.
+
+Many people have made use of this powerful feature of \TeX{} and
+developed their own front-ends; the most commonly used such packages
+are \AmSTeX{} and \lamstex{} by Michael
+Spivak~\cite{AMS:MSp90,TpC:MSp89} and \LaTeX{} by Leslie
+Lamport~\cite{A-W:LLa86}. The development of \AmSTeX{} was sponsored
+by the American Mathematical Society, a publishing house which now
+processes and typesets the majority of its output using \TeX{}.
+
+ The principal aim of \AmSTeX{} was to simplify the user interface to
+the sophisticated built-in math-typesetting capabilities of \TeX{}.
+It therefore does not provide support for certain more general
+document processing requirements (such as symbolic cross-references,
+automatic numbering, etc.); it is therefore most appropriate for short
+articles which contain lots of formulas.
+
+The \LaTeX{} system, on the other hand, supports the needs of long
+documents such as textbooks and manuals. It was designed to separate
+content and form as much as possible by providing the user with a
+generic (i.e.~logical rather than visual) markup interface; this is
+combined with style files in which the formatting is specified.
+Nevertheless, \LaTeX{} also provides a complete set of direct
+formatting instructions; these allow the user to access the full power
+of \TeX{}'s typesetting expertise when preparing the final version of
+the document.
+
+ Recent years have shown that the concepts and approach of \LaTeX{}
+have become widely accepted. Indeed, \LaTeX{} has become the standard
+method of communicating and publishing documents in many academic
+disciplines.
+This has led to many publishers accepting
+\LaTeX{} source for articles and books. The American Mathematical
+Society, for example, now provides a \LaTeX{} style
+option~\cite{AMS:AMSLaTeX90b} which makes the math-typesetting
+features of \AmSTeX{} available to users of \LaTeX{}. But the use of
+\LaTeX{} in the publishing industry goes further: Elsevier Science
+Publishers, for example,
+are developing a system~\cite{Cork:NPo91}
+which links \SGML{} (for electronic storage of documents in
+databases) and \LaTeX{} (for formatting these
+documents).
+
+The use of \LaTeX{}, together with \sgml{}, is now also spreading
+into industrial environments, where the technical qualities of \TeX{}
+together with the concepts of \LaTeX{} are considered a powerful
+combination of great potential importance to such areas as corporate
+documentation~\cite{cpc:RWo90} and database
+publishing.
+
+
+ With the spreading use of SGML-compliant systems, such as the Grif
+editor, \LaTeX{} again is a common choice as the formatter for high
+quality typeset output~\cite{embull:HLe92}.
+A typical SGML Document Type Definition (DTD) uses concepts similar
+to those of \LaTeX{}. Therefore, as in the Euromath system, the
+formatting is often implemented by simply mapping document elements to
+\LaTeX{} constructs rather than directly to `raw
+\TeX'~\cite{Kluwer:EvHe90}.
+This enables the sophisticated analytical and processing techniques
+built in to much of the \LaTeX{} software to be exploited; and it
+avoids the need to program in \TeX{}.
+
+Such developments ensured that the uses of \LaTeX{} have become
+widespread, both geographically and typographically. However, they
+have also pushed the system way beyond its original intended purpose.
+Moreover, as most people who have been involved in the production of
+style files will agree, they have demonstrated that the current
+version, whilst making the author's job easier, provides little
+assistance to developers of new applications. Thus there can be no
+doubts about the need for the continued development of \LaTeX{} into a
+new, improved, front-end to \TeX{}---one that will serve the
+typesetting needs of the nineties and beyond---so that is what we
+intend the \LaTeX3 project to provide.
+
+
+\section{History}
+
+The original goals for the development of a new version of
+\LaTeX{} are described
+in a paper~\cite{Stanford:MS89} presented in 1989 at the 10th annual
+meeting of the \TeX{} Users Group at Stanford---it was also at this
+time that Leslie Lamport expressed his full support for such a
+project.
+However, we have since
+discovered that those original goals did not touch many of the
+deficiencies of the current system.
+
+New applications of \LaTeX{} have highlighted many
+limitations of its interface (both for authors of documents and for
+designers of styles); and further research on such problems
+led us to the conclusion
+that one gains very little by just providing more and more
+specialized style files to solve this or that special problem.
+This is because many of these deficiencies and limitations have their
+source in \LaTeX{}'s internal concepts and
+design~\cite{Stanford:MS89,cahgut:MS90,Cork:MS91}.
+
+The most important of those original goals, and one that is still a
+core part of the \LaTeX3 system and a
+central concern of the project team, is the provision of a good
+style design interface\Dash one that allows easy
+implementation of various layouts. (Easy, of course, is relative: we
+mean `as easy as possible, given the complexity of the task'.)
+In order to make \LaTeX3 a fully flexible and
+extensible system, a major effort is needed in the near future in
+order to get this interface `right'.
+
+
+
+\section{Aims}
+
+The principle aims guiding our work on the project's development are
+as follows.
+\begin{itemize}
+\item
+The \LaTeX3 system will provide high quality typesetting for
+a wide variety of document types and typographic requirements.
+ \item For authors, it will be easy to use since it will be
+highly automated, but controllable.
+\item
+For editors and designers, it will support the direct formatting
+commands which are essential to the fine-tuning of document layout.
+ \item It will process complex structured documents and
+ support a document syntax that allows automatic
+ translation of documents conforming to commonly used
+ \SGML{} document type definitions
+ into \LaTeX{} documents\Dash this syntax will therefore, for
+ example, support the \SGML{} concepts of `attribute' (or
+ `named argument')
+ and `short reference', in such a way that these can be easily
+ linked to the corresponding \SGML{} features.
+\item
+\LaTeX3 will be designed as an open system and,
+like the present version, it will
+ be usable with any standard \TeX{} system and will thus
+ be available on a very wide range of platforms.
+
+\item
+ Its highly modular design will provide a system that is
+flexible and extensible, with well-defined and fully documented
+interfaces.
+
+\item
+ The code itself will also be thoroughly documented and the
+ modular design will help to make the system
+ easy to maintain and enhance.
+
+\item
+ We shall also provide extensive catalogues containing many
+ examples that are carefully designed to make the learning time
+ for new users (including designers, editors and programmers)
+ as short as possible.
+
+ \end{itemize}
+
+
+
+\section{Available now!}
+
+In some important
+areas, the extra facilities of \LaTeX3 are already
+available to current \LaTeX{} users.
+\begin{itemize}
+\item
+The New Font Selection Scheme (NFSS) is now in widespread use,
+providing very general and powerful tools for setting up and accessing
+all available fonts. A new version (NFSS2) has recently been released,
+which extends the flexibility of the system in the following areas of
+font management.
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item
+ Scalable fonts, e.g., support for PostScript
+fonts.
+\item
+Encodings, i.e., support for multilingual documents allowing change of
+font encoding (code page) within a document.
+
+\item
+Math symbols, facilitating access to a wide range of symbols.
+
+\item
+Math typesetting using any suitable family of fonts, eg Lucida or
+Adobe Times.
+
+\end{itemize}
+
+\item
+ With \AmSLaTeX{}~\cite{AMS:AMSLaTeX90b}
+the capabilities of \LaTeX{} for mathematical typesetting
+have reached at least the standard of \AmSTeX.
+\item
+ Work by Frank Mittelbach and David Carlisle, together with valuable
+suggestions by several
+others, has made available more sophisticated tabular
+processing~\cite{unp:MC92}.
+\item
+Various forms of multiple-column formatting are also now
+available~\cite{unp:FMi92}.
+\item Johannes Braams~\cite{tub:JBr93} has produced a new version of the
+`Babel system' to support a wide range of languages.
+\end{itemize}
+
+
+
+
+\section{New features}
+\LaTeX3 will provide much new and enhanced functionality in addition
+to the above facilities; and its
+`\LaTeX3 programming language' will enable it to be further extended
+in a controlled way.
+
+Here are further details of some of the many planned improvements.
+
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item A robust author interface: providing interactive error
+recovery linked to an on-line help system.
+
+ \item Languages:
+the typesetting will be
+customisable for use with different languages
+(as will the whole system, \eg the error/help components).
+In particular, there will be support for mixed language documents and
+for multiple languages within one paragraph to be correctly hyphenated.
+
+ \item Table formatting: a large number of extensions in this area
+will be available, including:
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item multi-page tables;
+ \item automated column width calculation;
+ \item a variety of designs for ruled tables;
+ \end{itemize}
+
+\item Float handling:
+the major problem in processing floats (\eg tables and figures)
+is the precise specification of
+the designer's rules concerning how to position them. The new system
+will make it possible to implement a large range of such positioning
+algorithms, including the requirements of multi-column formatting,
+whilst also supporting explicit positioning commands.
+
+\item Many of the non-typesetting aspects of document
+processing will be automated, providing a
+flexible interface to cover a wide range of requirements and styles in
+the following areas:
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item citations and bibliographies;
+ \item cross-references;
+ \item indexing, etc.;
+ \item tables of contents, etc.;
+ \item multiple marks.
+ \end{itemize}
+
+\item
+The enhanced functionality in the area of mathematical typesetting
+will include:
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item alignments in displayed formulas;
+ \item alphabets, symbols, embellishments;
+ \item commutative (arrow) diagrams.
+ \end{itemize}
+These will extend many of the features which are
+already available in the current version of
+\AmSLaTeX{}~\cite{AMS:AMSLaTeX90b}.
+
+The system will also support the elements defined in the `standard SGML
+DTD for mathematical expressions' which is currently under
+development~\cite{embull:BSy92}.
+
+\item The typesetting requirements of many other areas
+will also be addressed---some examples:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item
+technical documentation (\eg offset layout, change bars);
+\item
+academic publishing in the humanities (\eg critical text editions);
+\item
+structural formulas in chemistry;
+\item
+integration of graphical structures, including shading and colour;
+\end{itemize}
+ \end{itemize}
+
+
+\section{Interfaces}
+
+As we said earlier, the design specification interface is probably
+the most significant single new feature of \LaTeX3. It will
+have two clearly separated parts:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item[--]
+the creation of the generic mark-up (\eg
+environments) used by the author in creating the \LaTeX{}
+form of the document;
+\item[--]
+the specification of how (in \SGML{} language) the document elements
+will be formatted.
+\end{itemize}
+This will simplify the production of different layouts for the same
+document type. It will also enable \LaTeX{} documents to be created
+and modified by structured document editors, such as Arbortext
+Publisher and Grif. Indeed, these two parts are direct analogues of
+the following components of the Grif system: the `generic structure
+definition (or S) language' and the `presentation description (or P)
+language'~\cite{man:GrifL92}.
+
+However, in order to support the requirements of high quality
+typesetting, the \LaTeX3 equivalent of the P language will need to be
+even richer than the Grif language. Despite the complexity of the
+task, this part of the `designer interface' will help to make the
+following straightforward:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item specification of a wide variety of typographic design rules;
+\item linking of the elements in a document type to the desired
+ formatting;
+\item specifying and modifying all of the parameters
+ that influence the layout.
+\end{itemize}
+
+Another important interface will be the \LaTeX3 programming language,
+used for producing enhancements and extensions: it will be an entirely
+new language based on data structures and operations suited to the
+kind of programming required by document processing applications and
+to the expression of visual components of the layout process. Built
+on this language there will be high-level generic functions that allow
+the straightforward expression of common layout components.
+
+
+
+\section{Resources}
+
+The majority of the work, including conceptualisation, modelling,
+prototyping, implementation and testing,
+is being undertaken by a dozen individuals under the technical
+direction of Frank Mittelbach.
+This work is, in most cases including that of the technical director,
+done entirely in their spare time and so
+involves, as you can imagine, a lot of enthusiasm to keep the
+project alive.
+A large number of other individuals and organisations have contributed
+in one way or another to the effort, and we are confident that this
+number will continue to rise.
+
+ There are, nevertheless, many other tasks still to be done in support
+ of the \LaTeX3 project. These can be worked on concurrently with the
+ development of the \LaTeX3 kernel system. Furthermore, some of these
+ tasks require special expertise not found among the core programming
+ team. Initial research, analysis, and other work on these tasks by
+ volunteers will, we are sure, greatly speed up the process of
+ integrating a number of desirable features into \LaTeX3.
+
+For this reason a `volunteer task list' has been set up: this
+describes briefly the individual tasks, which require a wide variety
+of expertise and time involvement. It will be updated at regular
+intervals and a copy is available, via anonymous {\tt ftp} from `ctan'
+sites: {\tt ftp.shsu.edu}, {\tt ftp.dante.de}, {\tt ftp.tex.ac.uk}, in
+the directory\\
+ {\tt tex-archive/info/ltx3pub}.\\
+For access via mail server, send mail to {\tt
+fileserv@shsu.bitnet}, with no subject line and in the body write:
+{\tt sendme vol-task}, or to {\tt mail-server@rus.uni-stuttgart.de},
+with no subject line and in the body write: {\tt send
+soft/tex/vol-task/vol-task.tex}. If you are unable to retrieve a copy
+via electronic networks, please contact Chris Rowley.
+
+To provide a means of communication with a large number of \LaTeX{}
+users an electronic mailing list has been installed at Heidelberg. To
+subscribe to this list send a mail message to
+\email{listserv@vm.urz.uni-heidelberg.de}, with one line as the body
+of the message (substituting your own names):
+\begin{verbatim}
+ subscribe LaTeX-L Your-first-name Your-surname
+\end{verbatim}
+
+
+One of the major, and growing, problems is how to bring people from
+all over the world together
+to discuss the open questions and find new solutions.
+It is important that these meetings
+involve people from outside the project since we very much
+need the views and
+experience of typesetters, designers, publishers, etc.\ to help
+eliminate the flaws
+in the system and to find new and better solutions.
+
+We have so far held two `open workshops', in London, UK and Boston,
+USA; these were hugely successful and showed that further workshops
+of this kind are essential if we are to provide \LaTeX3 with a
+good designer interface.
+
+It is now clear that our ability to maintain the current progress
+will depend on adequate financial support being available for the
+following purposes:
+\begin{itemize}
+ \item enhancement of computer equipment and software for the core
+ development team;
+ \item purchase of books on typography and other related subjects;
+ \item essential expenses (travel, accommodation, etc.) for
+meetings of the project's core development team;
+and also for meetings with others, for example: testers of early
+versions; publishers; typographic designers; suppliers of related
+ software, etc.
+\end{itemize}
+
+
+
+
+
+\section*{References and Bibliography}
+
+This bibliography contains some items which are not specifically
+referenced in this article: these contain further information about the
+\LaTeX3 project. It also contains entries concerning \BibTeX, which
+will be reimplemented and enhanced by Oren Patashnik for use with
+\LaTeX3.
+
+
+\def\section*#1{}
+
+
+%\bibliographystyle{plain}
+%\bibliography{string,ttn,texline,texkom,ntg,tub89,tub90,tub92%
+% ,cahgut,manual,proceed,unpubl,book,article,latex3}
+
+
+\nocite{Portland:CRo92,CollegeSt:FMi90a,Cork:WM91,texkom:MR91,ttn:MR92%
+ ,Lausanne:MR92,texline:FMi92,ntg:FMi92,tub:MR92,texkom:FMi92%
+ ,LaTeX3:MRD92%
+ ,texline:DRh91,texline:DRh90a,texline:DRh90,ttn:MCl92,ttn:AHo92}
+
+
+\begin{thebibliography}{10}
+
+\bibitem{AMS:AMSLaTeX90b}
+American Mathematical Society, Providence, Rhode Island.
+\newblock {\em {\AmSLaTeX} Version 1.1 User's Guide}, December 1990.
+
+\bibitem{tub:JBr93}
+Johannes Braams
+\newblock An update on the {\tt babel} system
+\newblock {\em {TUG}boat}, 14, to appear 1993.
+
+\bibitem{ttn:MCl92}
+Malcolm Clark.
+\newblock What is the {\LaTeX3} project?
+\newblock {\em {\TeX} and {TUG} {NEWS}}, 1(1):4, February 1992.
+
+\bibitem{man:GrifL92}
+Grif S.A, St Quentin en Yvelines.
+\newblock {\em Grif Languages: Grif 2.2}, 1992.
+
+\bibitem{proc:MGu91}
+Mary Guenther, editor.
+\newblock {\em {\TeX} 90 Conference Proceedings}, March 1991.
+\newblock Published as {TUG}boat 12\#1.
+
+\bibitem{ttn:AHo92}
+Alan Honig.
+\newblock {\LaTeX3}, {TUG} and {You}.
+\newblock {\em {\TeX} and {TUG} {NEWS}}, 2(1):2--4, July 1992.
+
+\bibitem{A-W:DKn86}
+Donald~E. Knuth.
+\newblock Computers \& {T}ypesetting. Addison-Wesley, Reading,
+Massachusetts, 1986.
+
+\bibitem{A-W:LLa86}
+Leslie Lamport.
+\newblock {\em {\LaTeX:} A Document Preparation System}.
+\newblock Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts, 1986.
+
+\bibitem{embull:HLe92}
+Helmut Lenzing.
+\newblock The euromath project.
+\newblock {\em Euromath Bulletin}, 1(1):13--20, 1992.
+
+\bibitem{CollegeSt:FMi90a}
+Frank Mittelbach.
+\newblock {\LaTeX}~2.10.
+\newblock In Lincoln~K. Durst, editor, {\em 1990 Conference
+Proceedings}, page 444, September 1990.
+\newblock Published as {TUG}boat 11\#3.
+
+\bibitem{texline:FMi92}
+Frank Mittelbach.
+\newblock {\LaTeX2.09} $\to$ {\LaTeX3}.
+\newblock {\em {\TeX}line}, (14):15--18, February 1992.
+
+\bibitem{texkom:FMi92}
+Frank Mittelbach.
+\newblock {\LaTeX3}.
+\newblock {\em Die {\TeX}nische {K}om{\"o}die}, 4(2):15--22, August
+1992.
+
+\bibitem{ntg:FMi92}
+Frank Mittelbach.
+\newblock {\LaTeX3} project.
+\newblock {\em {\TeX} Gebruikers Group}, 92(1):87--90, May 1992.
+
+\bibitem{unp:FMi92}
+Frank Mittelbach.
+\newblock The {\tt multicol} package.
+\newblock Distribution of style options that allow multi-column layout
+ with \LaTeX, May 1992.
+
+\bibitem{unp:MC92}
+Frank Mittelbach and David Carlisle.
+\newblock The {\tt array} package.
+\newblock Distribution of style options that extend \LaTeX's array and
+tabular facilities, May 1992.
+
+\bibitem{texkom:MR91}
+Frank Mittelbach and Chris Rowley.
+\newblock The {\LaTeX3} project fund.
+\newblock {\em Die {\TeX}nische {K}om{\"o}die}, 3(4):13--15, December
+1991.
+
+\bibitem{tub:MR92}
+Frank Mittelbach and Chris Rowley.
+\newblock {\LaTeX209} $\to$ {\LaTeX3}.
+\newblock {\em {TUG}boat}, 13(1):96--101, April 1992.
+
+\bibitem{ttn:MR92}
+Frank Mittelbach and Chris Rowley.
+\newblock The {\LaTeX3} project fund.
+\newblock {\em {\TeX} and {TUG} {NEWS}}, 1(1):5--6, February 1992.
+
+\bibitem{Lausanne:MR92}
+Frank Mittelbach and Chris~A. Rowley.
+\newblock The pursuit of quality---how can automated typesetting
+achieve the highest standards of craft typography?
+\newblock In C.~Vanoirbeek and G.~Coray, editors,
+{\em Electronic Publishing '92}, pages 260--273, Cambridge, April
+1992. Cambridge University Press.
+
+\bibitem{LaTeX3:MRD92}
+Frank Mittelbach, Chris Rowley and Michael Downes.
+\newblock Volunteer work for the {\LaTeX3} project.
+\newblock \LaTeX3 project paper, September 1992.
+
+\bibitem{Stanford:MS89}
+Frank Mittelbach and Rainer Sch{\"o}pf.
+\newblock With {\LaTeX} into the nineties.
+\newblock In Christina Thiele, editor, {\em 1989 Conference
+Proceedings}, volume 10\#4 of {TUG}boat, pages 681--690. {\TeX} Users
+Group, December 1989.
+
+\bibitem{cahgut:MS90}
+Frank Mittelbach and Rainer Sch{\"o}pf.
+\newblock {\LaTeX} dans les ann\'{e}es 90.
+\newblock {\em Cahiers {GUT}enberg}, (6):2--14, July 1990.
+
+\bibitem{Cork:MS91}
+Frank Mittelbach and Rainer Sch{\"o}pf.
+\newblock Towards {\LaTeX} 3.0.
+\newblock In Guenther \cite{proc:MGu91}, pages 74--79.
+\newblock Published as {TUG}boat 12\#1.
+
+\bibitem{Cork:NPo91}
+N.A.F.M. Poppelier.
+\newblock {SGML} and {\TeX} in scientific publishing.
+\newblock In Guenther \cite{proc:MGu91}, pages 105--109.
+\newblock Published as {TUG}boat 12\#1.
+
+\bibitem{texline:DRh90a}
+David Rhead.
+\newblock Could {\LaTeX} do more for chemists?
+\newblock {\em {\TeX}line}, (12):2--4, December 1990.
+\newblock Suggestions for \LaTeX3.
+
+\bibitem{texline:DRh90}
+David Rhead.
+\newblock Towards {\BibTeX} style-files that implement principal
+standards.
+\newblock {\em {\TeX}line}, (10):2--8, May 1990.
+
+\bibitem{texline:DRh91}
+David Rhead.
+\newblock How might {\LaTeX3} deal with citations and reference lists?
+\newblock {\em {\TeX}line}, (13):13--20, September 1991.
+\newblock Suggestions for \LaTeX3.
+
+\bibitem{Portland:CRo92}
+Chris Rowley.
+\newblock {\LaTeX209} $\to$ {\LaTeX3}: an update.
+\newblock In Mimi Burbank, editor, {\em 1992 Annual Meeting
+Proceedings}, pages 390--391, October 1992.
+\newblock Published as {TUG}boat 13\#3.
+
+\bibitem{TpC:MSp89}
+Michael~D. Spivak.
+\newblock {\em {L\AmSTeX} The Synthesis}.
+\newblock The \TeX plorators Corporation, Houston, 1989.
+
+\bibitem{AMS:MSp90}
+M.~D. {Spivak, Ph.D}.
+\newblock {\em The Joy of {\TeX}, A Gourmet Guide to Typesetting
+ with the {\AmSTeX} macro package}.
+\newblock American Mathematical Society, Providence, Rode Island, second
+ edition, 1990.
+
+\bibitem{Kluwer:EvHe90}
+Eric van Herwijnen.
+\newblock {\em Practical {SGML}}.
+\newblock Wolters Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1990.
+
+\bibitem{embull:BSy92}
+Bj{\"o}rn von Sydow.
+\newblock The design of the euromath system.
+\newblock {\em Euromath Bulletin}, 1(1):39--48, 1992.
+
+\bibitem{cpc:RWo90}
+Reinhard Wonneberger.
+\newblock Structured document processing: the {\LaTeX} approach.
+\newblock {\em Computer Physics Communications}, (61):177--189, 1990.
+
+\bibitem{Cork:WM91}
+Reinhard Wonneberger and Frank Mittelbach.
+\newblock {\BibTeX} reconsidered.
+\newblock In Guenther \cite{proc:MGu91}, pages 111--124.
+\newblock Published as {TUG}boat 12\#1.
+
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}