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authorNorbert Preining <norbert@preining.info>2019-09-02 13:46:59 +0900
committerNorbert Preining <norbert@preining.info>2019-09-02 13:46:59 +0900
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+<!DOCTYPE html
+ PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "/dtds/html4t.dtd">
+
+<!--Generated from beginlatex.XML.xml with typebook-html.xslt on 2005-04-04T01:03:06--><html>
+ <head>
+ <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+
+ <title>Formatting information: Appendix C&nbsp;&#8212; The ASCII character set</title>
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="typebook.css" type="text/css">
+ <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css">
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <table width="100%">
+ <tr>
+ <th class="title" width="66%">
+ <h1><a name="doctitle">Formatting information</a></h1>
+ <h2>A beginner's introduction to typesetting with
+ <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span></h2>
+ <h3>Appendix C&nbsp;&#8212; The ASCII character set</h3>
+ <h3>Peter Flynn</h3>
+ <h4>Silmaril Consultants<br>Textual Therapy Division
+ </h4><br>v. 3.6 (March 2005)
+ </th>
+ <td class="toc" width="33%">
+ <h4><a name="doctoc">Contents</a></h4>
+ <dl>
+ <dd class=""><a href="intro.html#intro">Introduction</a></dd>
+ <dd class=""><a href="foreword.html#foreword">Foreword</a></dd>
+ <dd class=""><a href="preface.html#preface">Preface</a></dd>
+ </dl>
+ <ol>
+ <li class=""><a href="chapter1.html#get">Installing <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> and <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span></a></li>
+ <li class=""><a href="chapter2.html#plaintext">Using your editor to create documents</a></li>
+ <li class=""><a href="chapter3.html#basic">Basic document structures</a></li>
+ <li class=""><a href="chapter4.html#process">Typesetting, viewing and printing</a></li>
+ <li class=""><a href="chapter5.html#ctan">CTAN, packages, and online help</a></li>
+ <li class=""><a href="chapter6.html#otherdoc">Other document structures</a></li>
+ <li class=""><a href="chapter7.html#texttools">Textual tools</a></li>
+ <li class=""><a href="chapter8.html#typo">Fonts and layouts</a></li>
+ <li class=""><a href="chapter9.html#macros">Programmability (macros)</a></li>
+ <li class=""><a href="chapter10.html#compat">Compatibility with other systems</a></li>
+ </ol>
+ <ol type="A">
+ <li class=""><a href="appendixA.html#cnf">Configuring <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> search paths</a></li>
+ <li class=""><a href="appendixB.html#tugform"><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Users Group membership</a></li>
+ <li class="current"><a href="appendixC.html#asciicharset">The ASCII character set</a></li>
+ <li class=""><a href="appendixD.html#gfdl">GNU Free Documentation License</a></li>
+ </ol>
+ <dl>
+ <dd class=""><a href="bibliography.html#biblio">References</a></dd>
+ <dd class=""><a href="index.html#index">Index</a></dd>
+ </dl>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="credits">
+ <p>This edition of <cite>Formatting
+ Information</cite> was prompted by the generous help I
+ have received from <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> users too numerous to mention
+ individually. Shortly after TUGboat published the November
+ 2003 edition, I was reminded by a spate of email of the
+ fragility of documentation for a system like <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span> which is
+ constantly under development. There have been revisions to
+ packages; issues of new distributions, new tools, and new
+ interfaces; new books and other new documents; corrections to
+ my own errors; suggestions for rewording; and in one or two
+ cases mild abuse for having omitted package X which the author
+ felt to be indispensable to users. &para;&nbsp;I am grateful as always to the people who sent me
+ corrections and suggestions for improvement. Please keep them
+ coming: only this way can this book reflect what people
+ want to learn. The same limitation still applies, however: no
+ mathematics, as there are already a dozen or more excellent
+ books on the market&nbsp;&#8212; as well as other online
+ documents&nbsp;&#8212; dealing with mathematical typesetting in
+ <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> and <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span> in finer and better detail than I am
+ capable of. &para;&nbsp;The structure remains the same, but I have revised and
+ rephrased a lot of material, especially in the earlier
+ chapters where a new user cannot be expected yet to have
+ acquired any depth of knowledge. Many of the screenshots have
+ been updated, and most of the examples and code fragments have
+ been retested. &para;&nbsp;As I was finishing this edition, I was asked to review
+ an article for <cite><a href="http://www.tug.org/pracjourn/" name="C3">The Prac<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Journal</a></cite>, which
+ grew out of the Practical <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Conference in 2004. The
+ author specifically took the writers of documentation to task
+ for failing to explain things more clearly, and as I read
+ more, I found myself agreeing, and resolving to clear up some
+ specific problems areas as far as possible. It is very
+ difficult for people who write technical documentation to
+ remember how they struggled to learn what has now become a
+ familiar system. So much of what we do is second nature, and a
+ lot of it actually has nothing to do with the software, but
+ more with the way in which we view and approach information,
+ and the general level of knowledge of computing. If I have
+ obscured something by making unreasonable assumptions about
+ <em>your</em> knowledge, please let me know so
+ that I can correct&nbsp;it.
+ <p>Peter Flynn is author of <cite><a href="bibliography.html#htmlbook" name="C4">The HTML Handbook</a></cite> and <cite><a href="bibliography.html#sgmltools" name="C5">Understanding SGML and XML Tools</a></cite>, and editor of <cite><a href="http://www.ucc.ie/xml/" name="C6">The XML FAQ</a></cite>.
+ </p>
+ </p>
+ </td>
+ <td class="legal">
+ <p>
+ <p>This document is Copyright &copy; 1999&#8211;2005 by
+ Silmaril Consultants under the terms of what is now the GNU
+ Free Documentation License (copyleft).
+ </p>
+ <p>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify
+ this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation
+ License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the
+ Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
+ Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the
+ license is included in the section entitled <cite><a href="http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/fdl.html" name="C1">The GNU Free Documentation License</a></cite>.
+ </p>
+ <p>You are allowed to distribute, reproduce, and modify it
+ without fee or further requirement for consent subject to the
+ conditions in <a href="appendixD.html#gfdl-4">section D.5</a>. The author has
+ asserted his right to be identified as the author of this
+ document. If you make useful modifications you are asked to
+ inform the author so that the master copy can be updated. See
+ the full text of the License in <a href="appendixD.html#gfdl">Appendix D</a>.
+
+ </p>
+ </p>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <div class="chapter">
+ <table width="100%">
+ <tr>
+ <td align="center"><small><i class="chaphead"><b><a name="asciicharset">APPENDIX</a></b></i></small><br><table border="1">
+ <tr>
+ <td class="chapno">C</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ </td>
+ <td><pre class="spacing"></pre></td>
+ <td>
+ <p>&nbsp;</p>
+ <h1>The ASCII character set</h1>
+ </td>
+ <td class="toc">
+ <p>&nbsp;</p>
+ <ol></ol>
+ </td>
+ <td align="right"><a href="#doctoc"><img src="top.png" title="Table of Contents" width="32" alt="ToC" align="right" border="0"></a></td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p>The American Standard Code for Information Interchange was
+ invented in 1963, and after some redevelopment settled down in
+ 1984 as standard X3.4 of <a name="ANSI" class="acroref">American National
+ Standards Institute</a>&nbsp;(<small>ANSI</small>). It represents the 95 basic
+ codes for the unaccented printable characters and punctuation of
+ the Latin alphabet, plus 33 internal &#8216;control
+ characters&#8217; originally intended for the control of
+ computers, programs, and external devices like printers and
+ screens.
+ </p>
+ <p>Many other character sets (strictly speaking,
+ &#8216;character repertoires&#8217;) have been standardised for
+ accented Latin characters and for all other non-Latin writing
+ systems, but these are intended for representing the symbols
+ people use when writing text on computers. Most programs and
+ computers use <small><a href="chapter2.html#ASCII" class="acroref" name="A302" title="American Standard Code for Information Interchange">ASCII</a></small> internally for all
+ their coding, the exceptions being <small><a href="chapter10.html#XML" class="acroref" name="A303" title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</a></small>-based languages like <small><a href="chapter10.html#XSLT" class="acroref" name="A304" title="Extensible Stylesheet Language [Transformations]">XSLT</a></small>, which are inherently designed to be
+ usable with any writing system, and a few specialist systems
+ like APL.
+ </p>
+ <p>Although the <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> and <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span> file formats can easily be
+ used with many other encoding systems (see the discussion of the
+ <span class="package"><a name="m90">inputenc</a></span> in <a href="chapter2.html#accents">section 2.7</a>), they are based on <small><a href="chapter2.html#ASCII" class="acroref" name="A305" title="American Standard Code for Information Interchange">ASCII</a></small>. It is therefore important to know
+ where to find <em>all</em> 95 of the printable
+ characters, as some of them are not often used in other
+ text-formatting systems. The following table shows all 128
+ characters, with their decimal, octal (base-8), and hexadecimal
+ (base-16) code numbers.
+ </p>
+ <div align="center" class="table">
+ <table>
+ <caption><i>Table 1</i>.&nbsp;<a name="asciicodes">The ASCII characters</a></caption>
+ <tr class="headfoot">
+ <th valign="bottom" align="right">Oct</th>
+ <th valign="bottom" align="center" width="56">0</th>
+ <th valign="bottom" align="center" width="56">1</th>
+ <th valign="bottom" align="center" width="56">2</th>
+ <th valign="bottom" align="center" width="56">3</th>
+ <th valign="bottom" align="center" width="56">4</th>
+ <th valign="bottom" align="center" width="56">5</th>
+ <th valign="bottom" align="center" width="56">6</th>
+ <th valign="bottom" align="center" width="56">7</th>
+ <th valign="bottom" align="left">Hex</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td valign="top" align="right" style="">'00&#8593;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">NUL</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">SOH</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">STX</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">ETX</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">EOT</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">ENQ</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">ACK</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">BEL</td>
+ <td valign="top" align="left" style="">''0&#8593;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td valign="top" align="right" style="">'01&#8593;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">BS</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">HT</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">LF</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">VT</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">FF</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">CR</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">SO</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">SI</td>
+ <td valign="top" align="left" style="">''0&#8595;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td valign="top" align="right" style="">'02&#8593;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">DLE</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">DC1</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">DC2</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">DC3</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">DC4</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">NAK</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">SYN</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">ETB</td>
+ <td valign="top" align="left" style="">''1&#8593;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td valign="top" align="right" style="">'03&#8593;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">CAN</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">EM</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">SUB</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">ESC</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">FS</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">GS</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">RS</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">US</td>
+ <td valign="top" align="left" style="">''1&#8595;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td valign="top" align="right" style="">'04&#8593;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;"></td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">!</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">"</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">#</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">$</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">%</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">&amp;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">'</td>
+ <td valign="top" align="left" style="">''2&#8593;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td valign="top" align="right" style="">'05&#8593;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">(</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">)</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">*</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">+</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">,</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">-</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">.</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">/</td>
+ <td valign="top" align="left" style="">''2&#8595;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td valign="top" align="right" style="">'06&#8593;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">0</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">1</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">2</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">3</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">4</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">5</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">6</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">7</td>
+ <td valign="top" align="left" style="">''3&#8593;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td valign="top" align="right" style="">'07&#8593;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">8</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">9</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">:</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">&lt;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">=</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">&gt;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">?</td>
+ <td valign="top" align="left" style="">''3&#8595;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td valign="top" align="right" style="">'10&#8593;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">@</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">A</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">B</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">C</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">D</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">E</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">F</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">G</td>
+ <td valign="top" align="left" style="">''4&#8593;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td valign="top" align="right" style="">'11&#8593;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">H</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">I</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">J</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">K</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">L</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">M</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">N</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">O</td>
+ <td valign="top" align="left" style="">''4&#8595;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td valign="top" align="right" style="">'12&#8593;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">P</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">Q</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">R</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">S</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">T</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">U</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">V</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">W</td>
+ <td valign="top" align="left" style="">''5&#8593;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td valign="top" align="right" style="">'13&#8593;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">X</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">Y</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">Z</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">[</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">\</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">]</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">^</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">_</td>
+ <td valign="top" align="left" style="">''5&#8595;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td valign="top" align="right" style="">'14&#8593;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">`</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">a</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">b</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">c</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">d</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">e</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">f</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">g</td>
+ <td valign="top" align="left" style="">''6&#8593;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td valign="top" align="right" style="">'15&#8593;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">h</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">i</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">j</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">k</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">l</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">m</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">n</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">o</td>
+ <td valign="top" align="left" style="">''6&#8595;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td valign="top" align="right" style="">'16&#8593;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">p</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">q</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">r</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">s</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">t</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">u</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">v</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">w</td>
+ <td valign="top" align="left" style="">''7&#8593;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td valign="top" align="right" style="">'17&#8593;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">x</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">y</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">z</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">{</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">|</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">}</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">&#732;</td>
+ <td valign="top" width="56" align="center" style="font-family:monospace;">DEL</td>
+ <td valign="top" align="left" style="">''7&#8595;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr class="headfoot">
+ <th valign="top" align="right"></th>
+ <th valign="top" width="1cm" align="center">8</th>
+ <th valign="top" width="1cm" align="center">9</th>
+ <th valign="top" width="1cm" align="center">A</th>
+ <th valign="top" width="1cm" align="center">B</th>
+ <th valign="top" width="1cm" align="center">C</th>
+ <th valign="top" width="1cm" align="center">D</th>
+ <th valign="top" width="1cm" align="center">E</th>
+ <th valign="top" width="1cm" align="center">F</th>
+ <th valign="top" align="left"></th>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ </div>
+ <p>The index numbers in the first and last columns are for
+ finding the octal (base-8) and hexadecimal (base-16) values
+ respectively. Replace the arrow with the number or letter from
+ the top of the column (if the arrow points up) from the bottom
+ of the column(if the arrow points down).
+ </p>
+ <p>Example: The Escape character (ESC) is octal '033 (03 for
+ the row, 3 for the number at the top of the column because the
+ arrow points up) or hexadecimal "1B (1 for the row, B for the
+ letter at the bottom of the column because the arrow points
+ down).
+ </p>
+ <p>For the decimal value, multiply the Octal row number by
+ eight and add the column number from the top line (that makes
+ ESC 27).
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <hr>
+ <table width="100%">
+ <tr>
+ <td align="left"><a href="appendixB.html"><img src="previous.png" alt="Previous" border="0"></a></td>
+ <td align="center"><a href="#doctoc"><img src="top.png" alt="Top" border="0"></a></td>
+ <td align="right"><a href="appendixD.html"><img src="next.png" alt="Next" border="0"></a></td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ </body>
+</html> \ No newline at end of file