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+Path: senator-bedfellow.mit.edu!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!news.mathworks.com!zombie.ncsc.mil!newsgate.duke.edu!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!paperboy.wellfleet.com!news3.near.net!amber.ora.com!not-for-mail
+From: norm@ora.com (Norman Walsh)
+Newsgroups: comp.fonts,comp.answers,news.answers
+Subject: comp.fonts FAQ: Macintosh Info
+Supersedes: <font-faq-7_817479312@ora.com>
+Followup-To: poster
+Date: 14 Aug 1996 10:34:44 -0400
+Organization: O'Reilly and Associates, Inc.
+Lines: 733
+Sender: norm@ruby.ora.com
+Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
+Distribution: world
+Expires: 27 Sep 1996 14:34:08 GMT
+Message-ID: <font-faq-7_840033248@ora.com>
+References: <font-faq-1_840033248@ora.com>
+Reply-To: norm@ora.com (Norman Walsh)
+NNTP-Posting-Host: ruby.ora.com
+Summary: This posting answers frequently asked questions about fonts.
+ It addresses both general font questions and questions that
+ are specific to a particular platform.
+X-Web-Homepage: http://www.ora.com/homepages/comp.fonts/
+Xref: senator-bedfellow.mit.edu comp.fonts:48304 comp.answers:20518 news.answers:79239
+
+Archive-name: fonts-faq/part7
+Version: 2.1.5
+
+Subject: 2. Macintosh Information
+
+Subject: 2.1. Macintosh Font formats
+
+ Bitmap Fonts
+ ============
+
+ Bitmap fonts: on the Macintosh, bitmap fonts also contain the kerning
+ information for a font and must be installed with both type 1 and type
+ 3 fonts. Their presence also speeds the display of commonly used font
+ sizes.
+
+ PostScript Type 1
+ =================
+
+ Postscript Type 1 fonts can be installed on the Macintosh only by using
+ accompanying bitmapped fonts.
+
+ PostScript Type 3
+ =================
+
+ Postscript Type 3 fonts are installed on the Macintosh in the same way
+ that Type 1 fonts are.
+
+ TrueType
+ ========
+
+ Truetype fonts: no bitmapped font is necessary with this type, though
+ commonly used sizes are often supplied.
+
+ QuickDraw GX
+ ============
+
+ This section was constructed from postings by Charles A. Bigelow, Peter
+ Moller, David Opstad, and Michael Wang from Sep 93.
+
+ What is it?
+ -----------
+
+ QuickDraw GX (QDGX) is the new Mac OS engine for handling screen
+ presentation. It has many advantages over older engines, among them the
+ ability to get ligatures, swashes etc. on the fly. QDGX is also a
+ 16-bit font format that allows for example users in Korea to run their
+ machines in their native tounge as well as write.
+
+ How is it related to Unicode?
+ -----------------------------
+
+ Although QDGX is a 16-bit encoding, it is "orthogonal" to Unicode
+ Unicode, to use a jargon term. A TrueType font, GX or otherwise, can be
+ encoded using the Unicode standard, but that isn't necessary. However, a
+ TrueType font, and especially a GX font, can contain glyphs for which
+ there is no unique Unicode encoding, e.g. the 'fi' ligature, or a swash
+ 'a' with a trailing curlicue. TrueType GX fonts, however, contain
+ additional information and structure that allows the QDGX system to
+ properly substitute variant glyphs for certain characters in the text.
+ For the above examples, QDGX will, if requested, look for the sequence
+ 'f' + 'i' and substitute the 'fi' ligature, or look for 'a' at the end
+ of a line and substitute the glyph 'a-trailing curlicue'.
+
+ It is really quite charming to see this happen, and it makes the font
+ [...] a clever, trained circus dog that does tricks than a simple font.
+ The GX fonts begin to show an additional personality beyond the image of
+ the glyphs. In fact, the font can contain a state machine that controls
+ the substitution process--in effect, a computer program. There is
+ provision for another state machine controlling kerning as well, to get
+ around the problems that can arise with simple pair-based kerning.
+
+ David Opstad contributes the following:
+
+ The bidirectional text reordering algorithm defined in Unicode is fully
+ implemented in GX (in fact, during our testing of GX we uncovered some
+ problems with the Unicode specification!) Also, and most unfortunately,
+ since Unicode is the product of an international committee process there
+ were certain compromises that were made in the design, so there really
+ are Unicode character codes for certain ligatures and contextual forms
+ (e.g. the "Basic Glyphs for Arabic Language" codes starting at U+FE70).
+ Note, however, that GX does not use these; we do Arabic contextual
+ processing the same way we do Roman contextual processing. Indeed, it
+ is this uniformity of approach that is, I believe, one of GX's main
+ strengths.
+
+ One of my greatest hopes (that keeps me going after having worked on
+ getting GX done for over five years now) is that we're going to see a
+ real renaissance of fonts and creativity in font designs. GX finally
+ gets us back to the elegance of calligraphy, with the repeatability and
+ precision of the computer.
+
+ What about rotation?
+ --------------------
+
+ QDGX supports full 3X3 transformations (including perspective) on all
+ objects in the graphics system, including text. Anti-aliasing is not
+ included in GX 1.0, but we're looking at it for future versions.
+
+ Is QDGX limited to TrueType fonts?
+ ----------------------------------
+
+ Michael Wang contributes:
+
+ Just to clarify, the component of QuickDraw GX that deals with font
+ features like automatic ligature substitution is called the Line Layout
+ Manager (which I'll abbreviate as LLM), and LLM features are
+ independent of scaler technology. In other words, a Type 1 font can
+ have all of the LLM features that a TrueType font can have under
+ QuickDraw GX.
+
+ In fact, Apple and Adobe bundle a GX version of ATM with the QuickDraw
+ GX release along with a Type 1 GX version of Tekton Regular which
+ includes lots of additional glyphs and supports most of the LLM
+ features. If you are a Macintosh developer, there are beta GX versions
+ of ATM and Tekton that you can play around with on the QuickDraw GX
+ 1.0b1 release that is part of the WWDC CD.
+
+ Lawrence D'Oliveiro contributes:
+
+ One implication of GX for font installation is that Type 1 fonts no
+ longer come in "bitmap" vs "screen" versions that live in separate
+ files: under QuickDraw GX, they live in "sfnt" resources, and install no
+ differently from TrueType fonts.
+
+ As of 1 Mar 95, QuickDraw GX 1.0.1 is the current release.
+
+Subject: 2.2. Frequently Requested Mac Fonts
+
+ Greek Fonts
+ ===========
+
+ This section was constructed from a posting by John Amanatides in Jan
+ 1995.
+
+ There are three ways to get Greek out of a Mac. Approach one is to
+ simply use the Symbol font; this solution is the easiest but Symbol
+ doesn't have accents and you cannot easily exchange files with friends
+ in Greece. Approach two is go all the way and install Apple's Greek
+ system software on your Mac. It would make it identical to a machine
+ sold in Greece and is really only an option for the diehards. Approach
+ three is to just get a Greek keyboard driver and Greek typefaces. This
+ article talks mostly about approach three while it does also mention the
+ others.
+
+ First some background. Until the early '80s the Greek alphabet included
+ quite a lot of different diacritical marks. Thus if you are interested
+ in classical Greek you will need to get a polytonic version of the
+ typeface. Modern Greek now only uses accents, simplifying the use of
+ the alphabet and this is normally what you will get when you ask for a
+ Greek typeface.
+
+ There are several encodings of the Greek alphabet. ISO-8859-7 is the
+ most standard. It is an 8-bit encoding that uses the regular 7-bit
+ ASCII standard in the lower 128 positions and Greek in the upper 128.
+ Unfortunately, Apple did not use it (sigh). Apple's encoding is
+ slightly different in the upper 128 positions. All modern Greek
+ typefaces for the Mac seem to use this encoding and if you use it you
+ can exchange files with your friends in Greece (and use Greek
+ dictionaries!). If you are interested in classical Greek things become
+ a little trickier. I don't know if there is a standard but Linguist's
+ Software's (see below) encoding seems to be the most popular.
+
+ Sources of Greek Fonts for the Mac
+ ----------------------------------
+
+ Apple
+ .....
+
+ You can go all the way with Apple and get their Greek system software
+ but getting it is non-trivial. In North America the only way to get it
+ seems to be to get the "Apple Developer Mailing" from APDA. Designed
+ for developers, you get a CD mailed to you monthly. The CD contains
+ the most recent worldwide Mac system software along with a lot of other
+ stuff. It costs \$250 US and you get updates for a year. The Greek
+ system software contains TrueType versions of GrCourier, GrHelvetica,
+ GrTimes and several bitmap versions of some of Apple's other typefaces
+ along with the Greek keyboard driver.
+
+ APDA 800-282-2732 US
+ 800-637-0029 Canada
+ 716-871-6555
+
+ A second place to get Greek system software is in Greece. Apple's
+ distributor is:
+
+ Rainbow Computer S.A.
+ Elia Eliou 75
+ Neos Kosmos, Athens
+ Greece 117 44
+ 30-1-9012892 Voice
+ 30-1-9012540 FAX
+
+ Just because you have the Greek system software doesn't mean you have
+ to install the whole system; you can just take the Greek typefaces and
+ the Greek keyboard driver and use them with your current system
+ software.
+
+ Note: Linguists' Software (see below) also market version 6.0.3 of the
+ Greek operating system.
+
+ Linotype-Hell
+ .............
+
+ Linotype sells a variety of Type1 Greek typefaces in both modern and
+ polytonic versions and in a variety of weights/styles: Times,
+ Helvetica, Baskerville, New Century Schoolbook and Souvenir. The
+ easiest way to purchase them is to get Linotype's CD of locked
+ typefaces (a new one is coming out in Dec. '94). The CD costs \$49 US
+ and comes with 4 free fonts. A Greek keyboard driver comes with the
+ typefaces. Linotype can be reached at:
+
+ Linotype-Hell Company
+ 425 Oser Avenue
+ Hauppage, NY, 11788
+ USA
+ 800-633-1900
+ 516-434-3616 FAX
+
+ These typefaces are also distributed by FontShop (see below) Note: the
+ new CD works on both a Mac and a PC and when you unlock a typeface you
+ unlock for both systems.
+
+ FontShop
+ ........
+
+ FontShop is an international chain of stores which supplies a wide
+ variety of typefaces to both professionals and the rest of us. Their
+ North American address is:
+
+ FontShop Canada Limited
+ 510 Front Street West
+ Toronto, Ontario
+ Canada M5V 3H3
+ 800-363-6687
+ 416-348-0916 FAX
+
+ Monotype
+ ........
+
+ Monotype offers two Greek typefaces on their locked CD: Times New Roman
+ Greek and Arial Greek. Each typeface comes in four weights/styles.
+ Their CD lists for \$49 and you get 8 free fonts (just enough for both
+ of their Greek typefaces :-). You can reach Monotype at:
+
+ Monotype Typography Inc.
+ Suite 2630, 150 South Wacker Drive
+ Chicago, IL, 60606
+ USA
+ 800-MONOTYP (800-666-6897)
+ 312-855-9475 FAX
+
+ These typefaces are also distributed by FontShop. Note: you get a 5 CPU
+ license.
+
+ Linguist's Software
+ ...................
+
+ Linguist's Software has typefaces for over 250 world languages and
+ gives several options for those interested in Greek. First, you can
+ purchase the Greek operating system for the Mac version 6.0.3. This
+ includes GrTimes and GrHelvetica (Type 3) as well as several bit-mapped
+ system fonts. Second, you can purchase their modern Greek typefaces
+ Olympus and Philippi (Times and Helvetica clones) in four
+ weights/styles and in both Type1 and TrueType along with a keyboard
+ driver for System 7. Finally, they have their own TrueType and Type1
+ typefaces in the LaserGreek package. These are of particular interest
+ to Greek scholars since they include extra diacritics for ancient/N.T.
+ Greek. This package now includes a Uncail typeface. LaserGreek: \$99;
+ Modern Greek + keyboard driver: \$99; LaserGreek + GreekOS: \$139;
+ LaserGreek + Modern Greek + keyboard driver: \$139.
+
+ Linguist's Software
+ PO Box 580
+ Edmonds, WA 98020-0580
+ USA
+ 206-775-1130
+ 206-771-5911 FAX
+
+ Ecological Linguistics
+ ......................
+
+ Ecological Linguistics also provides typfaces for a wide variety of
+ world languages. They have a polytonic version of Times (GreekTimes)
+ in their GreekClassical package and monotonic versions of Times and
+ Helvetica (GkTimes, GkHelvetica) in four weights/styles in their
+ GreekModern package. Both the GreekClassical and GreekModern packages
+ are \$60 US each and come with a keyboard driver.
+
+ Ecological Linguistics
+ P.O. Box 15156
+ Washington, D.C., 20003
+ U.S.A.
+ 202-546-5862
+
+ MacCampus
+ .........
+
+ MacCampus of Germany provides Greek and other Eastern European
+ typefaces. The Greek typefaces come in two flavors: those that are
+ based on the modern Greek keyboard layout and those based on the Symbol
+ font layout. MacCampus provides a keyboard driver so that you can use
+ the former type on non-Greek Macs.
+
+ The typefaces available are:
+
+ Modern Greek (Greek layout): Olympia (Helvetica clone) and Tiryns
+ (Times clone) in 4 weights/styles
+
+ Classical Greek (extra diacritics, Symbol layout): Agora Times,
+ Parmenides (light, sans-serif)
+
+ MacCampus
+ C. Kempgen
+ An den Weihern 18
+ D-96135 Stegaurach
+ Germany
+ (0951) 296739
+ (0951) 296425 FAX
+
+ MacCampus typefaces are distributed by FontShop.
+
+ Font World
+ ..........
+
+ Another Greek typeface distributor is Font World. They also sell a
+ variety of Eastern European typefaces. They provide a package of
+ keyboard drivers for a variety of different world languages. The
+ modern Greek typefaces are: FW Palace GK (Palatino?), FW Baskerfield
+ GK, FW Peace GK (sans serif) & condensed version, FW Pithos GK
+ (Lithos?), FW Stencil GK, FW Textbook GK, FW Tourist GK (Souvenir) and
+ FW World GK (Times?). They come in a variety of weights/styles and go
+ for about \$100-\$200.
+
+ Font World, Inc.
+ 2021 Scottsville Road,
+ Rochester, NY 12623
+ USA
+ 716-235-6861
+ 716-235-6950 FAX
+
+ SkepsiS
+ .......
+
+ SkepsiS is a Greek publishing company that is heavily into Macs. They
+ have created and sell several nice typefaces in several weights/styles:
+ Corfu (New Century Schoolbook?), Ithaca (Souvenir?), Rhodes
+ (University?), Mykonos (Courier?), Paros (Antique Olive?), Samos
+ (modern serif), GtcFutura (Futura?), Naxos (Eurostile?), Ios (?) The
+ cost for a package containing the above is 60,000 drachmas.
+
+ SkepsiS Ltd
+ El. Benizelou 184
+ T.K. 176 75, Kallithea
+ Athens, Greece
+ 30-1-952-2086
+ 30-1-952-2088 FAX
+
+ Magenta
+ .......
+
+ Magenta is a Greek company that sells typefaces for Macs and PCs.
+ Their catalog lists over 70 typefaces with names like MgBodoni,
+ MgOptima, MgAvantGarde, etc in a variety of weights/styles. Most are
+ modern Greek but they also have a few classical typefaces. Each
+ typeface family goes for about 8,500 drachmas.
+
+ Magenta Ltd
+ Antimaxou 17
+ 115 28 Athens
+ Greece
+ 30-1-722-9292 phone/FAX
+
+ Note, I have tried to contact Magenta recently and have gotten no
+ response.
+
+ Fronteiras
+ ..........
+
+ Fonteiras is a German company that produces non-roman typefaces. They
+ have 26 Greek typefaces, display and text, both polytonic and
+ monotonic. Some of the families include clones of Dynamo, Stencil,
+ Broadway, Revue, Futura Black, Lithos, Industria, Insignia, Palatino,
+ Helvetica, Times, etc. Packages go for about \$150-\$200 US and include
+ a Greek keyboard driver. The monotonic typfaces have kerning tables and
+ some have real italics. (Most other vendors only have obliques.)
+
+ Fronteiras
+ Luisenstr. 22
+ D-60316 Franfurt
+ Germany
+ 49-069-4980498 phone/FAX
+ 100443.1305@compuserve.com
+
+ Freeware/Shareware
+ ..................
+
+ There is a free classical Greek typeface called Ismini that is available
+ on the net at:
+
+ mac.archive.umich.edu:mac/system.extensions/font/type1/ismini.cpt.hqx
+
+ Unfortunately, I don't think it uses the same encoding as Linguist's
+ Software.
+
+ Other Fonts
+ ===========
+
+ Many fonts are available at various archives. The king of Macintosh
+ font archives is mac.archive.umich.edu. On mac.archive.umich.edu, the
+ fonts are located in the following folders:
+
+ /mac/system.extensions/font/type1
+ /mac/system.extensions/font/type3
+ /mac/system.extensions/font/truetype
+
+ The following fonts are in Type 1 format for the Macintosh. Some are
+ also available in TrueType format.
+
+ * Tamil
+
+ Paladam, T. Govindram
+
+ * Hebrew
+
+ ShalomScript, ShalomOldStyle, ShalomStick, Jonathan Brecher
+
+ * Japanese
+
+ Shorai (Hirigana, with application)
+
+ * Star Trek
+
+ StarTrekClassic, Star TrekClassicMovies, StarTrekTNGCrille,
+ StarTrekTNG Titles, TNG monitors, StarFleet, Klinzai (Klingon font)
+
+ * Command-key symbol
+
+ Chicago (TrueType or bitmap, key: Ctrl-Q), Chicago Symbols
+ (Type3, key: 1), EncycloFont (Type3, key: d)
+
+ * Astrologic/Astronomic symbols
+
+ Hermetica (Type1), InternationalSymbols (Type 3, Mars and Venus
+ only), MortBats (Type3), Zodiac (bitmap)
+
+ * IBM OEM Line Drawing Characters
+
+ Try Adobe PrestigeElite or Adobe LetterGothic. They have all the
+ characters you want, but the `line draw' characters are unencoded
+ -- you will need tools to reencode the outline font itself and
+ make a new PFM metric files.
+
+ Or try IBMExtended from Impramatur Systems in Cambridge, Mass. It
+ already is encoded using IBM OEM encoding (some DOS code page).
+
+ The IBM version of Courier distributed freely under the X11
+ Consortium also contains the appropriate characters. It is
+ distributed in PC format, however. Again, the font will have to
+ be reencoded for Windows. Appropriate AFM files for this font can
+ be obtained from:
+ http://www.ora.com/homepages/comp.fonts/FAQ-tools.html.
+
+ Many of these mac fonts are available in files that are either entitled
+ xxxx.sit or xxxx.cpt. xxxx.sit files are Stuffit archives. xxxx.cpt
+ files are Compact Pro archives. StuffitLite (shareware $25) and Compact
+ Pro (shareware $25) are available at the standard ftp sites.
+ Uncompressors for these programs (free) are also available at the
+ archive sites. Check the utilities/compression utilities folders.
+
+Subject: 2.3. Commercial Font Sources
+
+ Commercial fonts can be obtained from a number of different companies,
+ including the large font houses: Adobe, Font Haus, Font Company,
+ Bitstream, and Monotype. At these companies, fonts cost about $40 for a
+ single face, and must be purchased in packages. Adobe, Bitstream, and
+ Monotype also sell pre-designated type collections for slightly lower
+ prices.
+
+ Image Club sells a wide selection of fonts for about $50 for a 4 font
+ family.
+
+ Other, cheaper companies sell fonts of lesser quality, including
+ KeyFonts, which sells a set of 100 fonts for $50 and Casady & Green's
+ Fluent Laser Fonts, a set of 79 fonts for $99. Casady & Greene also
+ sells Cyrillic language fonts in Times, Bodoni, and Helvetica sell for
+ about $40 for each 4 font family.
+
+ Foreign language fonts, ranging from Egyptian hieroglyphics to Cyrillic
+ can be obtained from Ecological Linguistics.
+
+ Please consult the vendor list for a more complete list of vendors.
+
+Subject: 2.4. Mac Font Installation
+
+ * System 7
+
+ Install the fonts by opening the suitcase containing the bitmap
+ file and dropping the fonts into your system suitcase, located
+ inside your system folder. You will need to quit all other
+ applications before doing this. For a TrueType font, the icon for
+ the font will have a stack of "A"s in it, instead of just one.
+ Dropping it into your system suitcase will make all sizes of the
+ font available. For Postscript type 1 fonts, you also need to
+ place the printer font in the extensions folder in your system
+ folder. If you are using ATM you need to place these fonts in the
+ root level of your system folder (not inside another folder).
+ Using Suitcase, a font management utility, you can avoid
+ cluttering your system folder with printer fonts.
+
+ You can make new suitcases of fonts (generally not needed, but
+ used by those who use Suitcase) by using Font DA mover. It
+ operates the same as in system 6, except that the most recent
+ version must be used.
+
+ * System 6
+
+ Bitmap fonts can be installed using Font DA mover to move the
+ fonts, located inside suitcases, into your system. You will need
+ to restart your computer to make these fonts available. Printer
+ fonts must be placed in the system folder, not inside any other
+ folder.
+
+ Truetype fonts can be used with system 6 if you get the Truetype
+ init. Then the fonts can be installed in your system with Font DA
+ mover. Suitcase can also be used under system 6.
+
+Subject: 2.5. Mac Font Utilities
+
+ * SUITCASE
+
+ Suitcase is a nifty little system extension that lets you avoid
+ having to install fonts into your system. In system 6, it means
+ that you can avoid restarting your system every time you want to
+ install a new font.
+
+ In system 7, Suitcase lets you avoid quitting all applications
+ before making fonts available. Some programs, like Quark Xpress
+ will automatically update their font list when you open a new
+ suitcase, allowing much more flexibility in opening and closing
+ font suitcases and making different sets of fonts available.
+
+ Suitcase appears in your Apple menu in both system 7 and 6 and
+ allows you to open suitcases, as though they were files, thus
+ making the fonts contained in them accessible to programs.
+
+ In addition, when suitcase is installed, printer fonts can be
+ stored with the bitmap suitcases they correspond to, instead of
+ having to drop them into your system folder.
+
+ The most recent version of Suitcase is compatible with TrueType.
+ Suitcase is about $54 from the mail order places.
+
+ * Carpetbag
+
+ A shareware program with functionality equivalent to Suitcase.
+
+ * MASTER JUGGLER
+
+ Does similar things
+
+ * ATM
+
+ Adobe Type Manager is an Init and Control panel allows accurate
+ screen display, at any size of PostScript type 1 fonts. It's
+ function is replicated with Truetype (but for different outline
+ font format). With it installed, you can print fonts of any size
+ to non-PostScript printers. When using ATM, printer fonts must
+ either be stored with the bitmap files opened with suitcase (when
+ using Suitcase), or they must be stored in the root level of the
+ system folder (with System 7.0, printer fonts must be stored in
+ the Extension folder if you are not using Suitcase). ATM is now
+ available, with the System 7.0 upgrade, as well as directly from
+ adobe with 4 Garamond fonts.
+
+ ATM is not built into System 7.1 as previously expected. With
+ System 7.1, printer fonts must be stored in the Fonts folder if
+ you are not using Suitcase.
+
+ If you are using version 7.x prior to 7.1, the following hack
+ allows you to have a Font folder (if you don't use Suitcase):
+
+ Open the second 'DCOD' resource from the ATM 68020/030 file. Do an
+ ASCII search for the string "extn" and change it to "font" (it's
+ case sensitive). Save, close, and Reboot.
+
+ This process should work for 68000 machines using the proper ATM
+ file instead.
+
+ * Super ATM
+
+ This is a utility that will create fonts, on the fly, that match
+ the metrics of any Adobe-brand fonts you don't have. It does a
+ remarkably good job of mimicry because it uses two "generic"
+ Multiple Master typefaces, serif and sans serif to simulate the
+ appearance of the missing typefaces. (There is a 1.4 megabyte
+ database file that allows Super ATM to simulate the fonts that
+ aren't there.) You also get Type On Call (a CD-ROM), which has
+ locked outline fonts, and unlocked screen font for all but the
+ most recent faces in the Adobe Type library.
+
+ * TTconverter
+
+ A shareware accessory available at the usual archives will convert
+ Truetype fonts for the IBM into Macintosh format.
+
+ * reAdobe
+
+ Converts text (PFA) format PostScript Type 1 fonts into Mac format.
+
+ * unAdobe
+
+ Converts Mac format PostScript Type 1 fonts into text (PFA) format.
+
+ * Microsoft Font Pack
+
+ If you work with a mixture of Macs and PCs running Windows 3.1,
+ this is a good deal; 100 TrueType fonts compromising the Windows
+ 3.1 standard set and the two Font Packs for Windows. This includes
+ various display fonts, the Windows Wingdings font, and the Lucida
+ family.
+
+ A variety of programs, for example, Font Harmony, etc. will allow you
+ to change the names and ID numbers of your fonts.
+
+ Fontmonger and Metamorphosis will let you convert fonts among several
+ formats (type 1 and 3 and Truetype for the Mac and PC), as well as
+ letting you extract the font outlines from the printer fonts.
+
+Subject: 2.6. Making Outline Fonts
+
+ This is very, very difficult. Many people imagine that there are
+ programs that will simply convert pictures into fonts for them. This is
+ not the case; most fonts are painstakingly created by drawing curves
+ that closely approximate the letterforms. In addition, special rules
+ (which improve hinting, etc.) mandate that these curves be drawn in
+ specific ways. Even designing, or merely digitizing, a simple font can
+ take hundreds of hours.
+
+ Given that, there are two major programs used for font design on the
+ Macintosh, Fontographer ($280) and FontStudio ($400). These programs
+ will allow you to import scanned images, and then trace them with
+ drawing tools. The programs will then generate type 1, 3, TrueType and
+ Bitmap fonts for either the Macintosh or the IBM PC. They will also
+ generate automatic hinting. They also open previously constructed
+ outline fonts, allowing them to be modified, or converted into another
+ format.
+
+ As far as I know, there are no shareware programs that allow you to
+ generate outline fonts.
+
+Subject: 2.7. Problems and Possible Solutions
+
+ 1. Another font mysteriously appears when you select a certain font
+ for display.
+
+ This is often the result of a font id conflict. All fonts on the
+ Macintosh are assigned a font id, an integer value. When two fonts
+ have the same id, some programs can become confused about the
+ appropriate font to use. Microsoft word 4.0 used font id's to
+ assign fonts, not their names. Since id's can be different on
+ different computers, a word document's font could change when it
+ was moved from one computer to another. Other signs of font id
+ problems are inappropriate kerning or leading (the space between
+ lines of text). Some font ID problems can be resolved by using
+ Suitcase, which will reassign font ID's for you, as well as saving
+ a font ID file that can be moved from computer to computer to keep
+ the id's consistent. Font ID problems can also be solved with
+ several type utilities, which will allow you to reassign font
+ id's. Most newer programs refer to fonts correctly by name
+ instead of id number, which should reduce the frequency of this
+ problem.
+
+ 2. When using a document written in MSWord 5.0, the font mysteriously
+ changes when you switch from your computer at home to work, or
+ vice versa.
+
+ This is the result of a bug in MSWord 5.0. The MSWord 5.0 updater,
+ which can be found at the info-mac archives at sumex (in the demo
+ folder), will fix this bug.
+
+Subject: 2.8. Creating Mac screen fonts
+
+ Creating Mac screen fonts from Type 1 outlines
+ ==============================================
+
+ Peter DiCamillo contributes the following public domain solution:
+
+ BitFont is a program which will create a bitmapped font from any font
+ which can be drawn on your Macintosh. In addition to standard
+ bitmapped fonts, it works with Adobe outline fonts when the Adobe Type
+ Manager is installed, and works with TrueType? fonts. BitFont will
+ also tell you how QuickDraw will draw a given font (bitmapped, ATM, or
+ TrueType) and can create a text file describing a font and all its
+ characters.
+
+ BitFont was written using MPW C version 3.2. It is in the public
+ domain and may be freely distributed. The distribution files include
+ the source code for BitFont.
+
+ Berthold K.P. Horn contributes the following solution.
+
+ This is a commercial solution. A font manipulation package from Y&Y
+ includes:
+
+ AFMtoPFM, PFMtoAFM, AFMtoTFM, TFMtoAFM, AFMtoSCR, SCRtoAFM, TFMtoMET,
+ PFBtoPFA, PFAtoPFB, MACtoPFA, PFBtoMAC, REENCODE, MODEX, DOWNLOAD,
+ SERIAL, and some other stuff I forget.
+
+ To convert PC Type 1 fonts to Macintosh use PFBtoMAC on the outline
+ font itself; then use AFMtoSCR to make the Mac `screen font'
+ (repository of metric info). You may need to use PFMtoAFM to first make
+ AFM file.
+
+ To convert Macintosh font to PC Type 1, use MACtoPFA, followed by
+ PFAtoPFB. Then run SCRtoAFM on screen font to make AFM file. Finally,
+ run AFMtoPFM to make Windows font metric file.
+
+ Y&Y are the `TeX without BitMaps' people (see ad in TUGboat):
+
+ Y&Y makes DVPSONE, DVIWindo, and fonts, for use with TeX mostly, in
+ fully hinted Adobe Type 1 format.
+
+ Y&Y, Inc., 45 Walden Street, Concord MA 01742 USA
+
+ (800) 742-4059
+
+ (508) 371-3286 (voice)
+
+ (508) 371-2004 (fax)
+
+ Mac Screen fonts can be constructed from outline fonts using
+ Fontographer, as well.
+